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[000:00:00;00] the, this is southern russia and in a relatively small area between the caspian sea and the clock is, there's mountains, you'll find in extreme variety of climates and of nature. this isn't like visions. i'm showing thomas,

and together we're going to discover the magic of rushes republic of august on the to help us get a basic understanding of what mixed august on. so enticing. we will speak with your e mail doesn't go to you as a biologist and the geographer who has dedicated his life to studying the region. very high. thanks for meeting us up here. um. such a beautiful, beautiful environment. that's for sure. i'm just looking right into your written books, your biologist. um right now, so many tourists are coming to douglas done. what can they find here that they can't find anywhere else? please and the other as or isn't, must be picking up here over the last 4 or 5 years after republic that gets done. it's not like anywhere else. fiber, it's landscapes inhabitants are unique lakes and waterfalls. i don't want attract tourists. and what about? that's why so many people have been coming lately. i don't know if that's

a good thing or a bad thing to do so, and i don't know what we're going to do the with more doors, though, that means more damage to the environment. is that a concern? for the people in here and douglas done and what is being done to protect this landscape? not this little something for tourism, especially the influx we've seen over the last couple of years and it has an impact on the environment and bio diversity because it's not even here. as you can see, the ship is more traffic. now these are the people need to be educated and not to live, to get partial properly dispose of traction, but not through in the natural habitats. now that we need to preserve this beautiful and diverse nature we have and i guess down to the most that we need to build a wellness kind of made it that's a concern of course. but it's something for the government to decide for us to use . because we have the tourism industry, which is directly responsible for it at a level as a research here and a member of the biggest down division of the russian geographical society that i'm involved to with them. unless we try to contribute to educate people,

to reach out to them via a media, i said we try to explain the importance of, of biodiversity service, then what has to be done to protect it though. so when i saw it, i was not but i do. there is amazing diversity here it is just so beautiful. how is all of this created and why here? um, because yeah, august on is unique for the diversity of its landscapes is this will this if you look at the map of the coal because there's going to the width of the mountain range and i guess down is 200 kilometers. but that's why we have valley is foothills and spin a regions around which a very dry and higher areas in the mountains of the great a cool cuz isn't going to that these diverse conditions have certain implications. so going to different plants and animals choose to have attacks where they thrive, where they feel protected, didn't have enough nutrients, few minutes to are used to these mountains look at them. so when you look at all history, when snowfall in the mountains was heavy yesterday or people slammed to georgia as a bush on north chechnya, i get into white house to hush winter. so they just look golf. it's not like that anymore. people with excitement has changed,

but there's less snow. obviously the woman is cause that's a little new to knology, has made funding more efficiently. so people don't have to leave early. we did the mountains of the climate and clean that so they stay. so some of these factors combined to make our complex so unique, to move it apart from that. we are located in the very south of russia and use the southern most the point of the country is near the village of kudos when it's done with it is said by the people here. the dog has done is dangerously beautiful, and the nature here doesn't forgive mistakes. what do they mean by the storm applies and they just don't want to make things done. dangerous. is that people are unaware of the capricious nature of these mountains. i say go and visit the get a ducking gorge, for example, is that which can be flooded in a matter of minutes when it rains. so that's what we put people in serious danger. most of us to saw those 2 cap on their own state and cliffs and got off the sinks every multiple times. think of the risk i believe if you do it really is that the, i guess done is a great place to visit with people of very hospitable to the local nature is

beautiful with many gorgeous lakes and water full. so there is, there's a lot to see that i just done is a piece of heaven here in russia, the sheep there everywhere. in fact, i've heard that there might even be more sheep and august on. then people also there tells on the road how is this a part of the culture? is it important to the economy? what do she provide for douglas on the east? i'm dealing with just the one that gets done means land of mountains of so and in such a land, sheep reading is number one for agriculture according to data, or a more than 4600000 sheets. and i guess done, we have the system where they spend the summers in the alpine meadows and come down to the step for the winter. we use this is made possible again by our unique landscape and the quality of our products as well note and recognize both in russia and abroad nicely with a major source of revenue for the republic at the moment of the product of them. so

they just don't source that on the other hand, cheap and other domesticated animals in the mountains with of food for wild animals print. it says it's something that mostly wolf is about as and blankets, channel ram at the same time. sheets compete with wild hoof. animals for past you, so there's a need to strike the right balance to make sure that both can strive. so feel free to swing wild tours and sheep are essential for all people here. i guess. diversity in geography must mean diversity in biology as well as biologist. can you tell me what sort of animals that we can find here that we can find anywhere else or what makes this place unique? no, and you call us this region is unique being in the very south of russia. it gets really warm. and i said, i felt that right further down south close to the bench if it can get very hot. but that's why we have some of these ease the didn't live anywhere else in russia right below they include the live on to find the give such a large and highly venomous snake. is it called some some old lizard spc scans?

the greek told us, yeah, i should have to put a monitor on many bugs. of course, a great variety of them are here. almost like the blue rugs for us should be people would judge strike as the roof as detailed as grubber old in most, and many others that you won't find anywhere else in russia as a senior, because there are no other suitable habitats fold them out for the most fearsome species, but as the cool occasion the leopard at the new cell. unfortunately, poaching still exists. finding the talent to come back to the person, yet the case still has been 11. does survive. ok, so boss has even a program now for releasing rapids into the wild some way here in the cold because it's cost give us as someone who is research and this issue for us. okay, so i can argue that doug is down, still has its own, extend to population out there by way of us move the but still reproduces itself. so as we're driving through the mountains, something that seems unique to druggist on are these terraces, but they were created thousands of years ago with ancient technology. yet they still stay and tag. how are they created? and why probably know doug is down there any o problem after the news at the mountains of

a little space for agriculture to the planting body, cooling and running and start watching in schools. and that's why people have made those terraces using only manual labor, right? somebody do, they reinforce the slope to prevent erosion due to heavy rain and use them for fun and can have an idea of school and they put in and you know, somebody like to meet the arrival of new technology and equipment makes funding more efficient to them and those terraces they neglected so solid base of mind was a monument to terrace farming. so reminder of past agricultural brand decision is good for many studies about this phenomena. if it goes away, it's about some of these. maybe people will use them again some day. who knows about the different as much as they go to. so i know that you've been studying this your entire life, specifically focused on your biologist. you are, you've written books, as we've mentioned. what makes this place so interesting for you personally? what is it in the soul of that is done for you? let me just fine. if you have i do, i was born here. i grew up here. everything in my life is connected to that gets

done. i became passionate about biology and we've been doug as done. he is essentially the only and so unique biological lab. it has high mountains valley's lowland forest stems, deserts the senior and a great diversity of landscapes and animals which inhabit them. typically the one of the most fascinating things about traveling through the august time is the ever changing climate. you just don't know what you're going to see around the next mountain or hills. and it's all just so beautiful and interesting to look kenya of the crown jewel of doug . this done field are who signed off is a geographer and officially one of the best teachers in russia. we asked him to help us on cover some of the secrets of this place filled our thanks for meeting me here. i think we're good. we're the luckiest people to have this view and have this conversation. so you're a teacher, you're a geographer. this is a lot of canyon,

lot of people, not our grand canyon, but not too many people know about this place. is also the harder digest on. they say that this is it. so what makes this place are unique when the employer and one of the most popular and most visited places in douglas does, it's a shame and rightfully considered to be the symbol of august of me, the suicide canyon or it is unique for many reasons. on the 1st for its size and depths, and it's often compared to the grand canyon at the you will as and when you measure damped, even though it's important to understand what you take as you'll pinch. mom is this, the sewage canyon consists of 3 pods and we've been know number one is the so called the main canyon and the deepest quantity on deal is its depth is about 2000 meters just at the end of this is the deepest point to the sooner lot canyon because these range is a very high ocho, a piece. it should be up right now. we're standing on the middle platform and so

the canyons relative dance here is about 700 meters. but another thing that makes the suit kind of in unique is its structure that it can select the cir log itself again between ski is a very ancient river, even though. so how did this county in a much of when the river 1st appeared that they weren't any mountains around here? the area was flat to more than 10000000 years ago. but in those of since then, an active mountain formation is taking place of nobody mean that has the terrain got higher for the real cause. a deep upon it caught the thanks to bottom erosion, z. and that's how the canyon was foamed over millions of years. and we don't see it, it's my understanding that earthquakes are happening here all the time. so does that mean that this particular canyon is always changing? always growing, even getting deeper. uh, just through to the, at the yes, indeed. no, i said, so this area is classified as a high seismic hasn't territory to it because it's most of the biggest. um, if it continues with canyon is still changing and growing as a result of geological processes or just the by the river, the same time moving, it continues to deep and it's bad. i mean,

it says the depth of the canyon is growing. i do is in geology, nothing is that's a seems like an associated thing, is this more like a videos, an ongoing process, mostly staging the changes of microscopic those so we can see them the slow with the ministers to can young land slide process is also take that tone, right, so this photos and canyons and so there's always the danger of rock formations being unstable, which cause land slides squared. but this is why the canyon goes deep. i'm going to be of the us quakes happen every day here. god says this is a high seismic has a territory, just like most of the biggest on google to can you? the magnitude though is quite low and one you over to 1.5 points that go with the humans con, feel for it. they used the deal with this. one of the strongest earthquakes ever to happen here was in may 1970 to us. it's results can be seen on one of the bank. so the g a k water reservoir, blessed us quick, was followed by

a major land slide us on social is got a, it seems to me that we have a sort of geological museum here because you can see the layers of the canyon and that goes back as you said earlier, tens of millions of years. so what kind of secrets can we find? what does this kenyan tell us about the history? there was a lot of trim, a subordinate canyon. so special and beautiful is the steep slopes up. this way you can trace volcanic ages go to more than uh, since this tower tree used to be at the bottom of the world's ocean for a long time before the mounts informing processes began. and they said we mostly see send a zoe akira supplementary wrong. so beloved, no middle of a tens of millions of years and show it while this land was at the bottom of the ocean rocks led of each other to the phone. this sort of cake effects which the bottle. speaking of their rage, the top of the as just 5 to 800 meters us in a zoe. look at paleo g near g and i'm motion the quote 10. every periods is always good. if we go deep in this vault, we can trace misa. zoe and cretaceous rock class, it's stunningly beautiful from appear. but you want to go down and take

a look from the water side of the locals. say that you can actually drink this water here. so why is it so queen? why is it so clear? are there any health benefits to this water and the sound, the glass and the secret behind this want to is the fact that along the river. so lucky and those that flow into the su lie here. but as of select the snippet it, there were several hydro electric power plants. the dams slowed down their flow, detroit as they slow the punch holes in the water central in both other words, it color becomes brain to as it gets less monday, nimble. this is how the clarity of water is achieved, mostly gonna that came over as of now you just mentioned the hydro electric power stations. this water is actually a mighty mighty force providing power too much of that. just on talk to me

a little bit about that and how much power is actually coming from this with the so that indeed, when you look at the river from the mountains, uh it looks like a tiny blue ribbon and, and it's hard to believe that it's got huge power generating potential when you saw it, but it's true that the silicon is one of the most powerful rivers in the nautical causes motion, particularly in terms of generating energy. here. this is why we have a series of how it bronze on the sue log store and the cheer k hydro electric power plant is among the most powerful. the capacity is 1000 megawatts. in a point 1000000 kilowatts, guess the silica is huge potential, which is exactly why we have so many power plants bills on it. so, this water is a unique color, and people are under say that water changes color as of the day moves. what gives it this unique clothing and some dealer with the always because ok, i already talked a bit about how want to hear gets its clear blue color go away. i almost took was

another find to play here is a change in so my thing here is that changes depending on the depth of the water. you can see different color effects flows and dozens of them. it all depends on the weather and the depth of the warranty you're looking at to go the, the or the move, you'll see one color on a bright, sunny day. like now i'm chest and a completely different color at sunset at the so it depends on both the weather and the time of day. let's say you're a teacher. in fact uh you are officially recognized as one of the best teachers in russia. so congratulations on that, but what i'm interested in is what you tell your pupils about this area and even about august on in general, what is important for them as opposed to by sure, thank you very much. is to that i love my job. i'd be glad i've, i enjoy working with children and this place in particular, this canyon is the best part, the kids. so i often bring them here. as i believe it's important to give children

really experiences when you're teaching things like geography, which to help them see the things you're talking about. if i find yourself in media, they can see the power generating capacity of the river. there's in the gym for example. those do, they can also see the wrong layers of different geological periods on the screen. so i make it a point to show the kids the things that i'm talking about in class. and for you personally, not about the things of what do you like most of what brings you joy about the uh, the stuff that your son as part of my so my identity maybe i'm what i like about it is it's diversity. all sorts of different people with different preferences, i can find a place where they love those some way. they can be on the caspian beaches or somewhere deep in the mountains being where the emotional anyone can find a correspond for themselves. he asked the children, and that's what i love about is incredibly interesting conversation. thanks very much. i appreciate

the the end of course. another microclimate, a sand dune desert. it certainly looks out of place here. but a content study cool. a real mystery surrounded by the mountains of august on the mid of works at the special nature reserve here that about thank you very much for meeting me out here. i'm a bona fide doone goon. so this is a great experience for me. so let's get right into it. i'm sorry, cool. is known as one of the 8th wonders of the world. and so there has to be some legends as to why this place was created or how it's created. can you tell me some of them, the pillow and welcome to signing, ma'am? you're right. in the old time, people would often come up with some story or legend to explain things. they found hard to understand, like how something to your tray and change. so people came up with quite

a lot of stories about this place, but so i personally prefer the most romantic one. it's a legend about an unhappy lover, which is a man called abraham lincoln and local village. not far from here with his beautiful daughter body young, the young man wanted to marry her, but she loved laughs as her father, however, refused lodging proposal and wanted to test his level. first, he told him to build a sand mountains, so tall that abraham his house would be visible from the top beloved. so blot started bringing piles of sand to prove his love for betty and renewals when he finally finished and went to see abraham sabelle. he found a very old woman there. that was his love battiata as slaves he himself and turned into an old man more working. it took him so many years to complete it well, but that's the legend. but it tells us that things like this can also happen in life that are both sad and romantic. and so those of the legends talk to me about factually. how did this get here? how was it created?

scientists believe that the study come itself was formed on ancient marine terraces as we cut the surfaces covered with sand will the sands were carried here from the foremost ranges of the caucus as mountains. what they, which collapse of thousands of years ago. oh, that's the scientific explanation, is that so we know how it was created. how old is this place? uh no, its num dunham, uh, scientific research indicates that the current a o n land forms we observe the next 5000 years now. the sand itself is about 100000 years old. all of the patients. yes. it is considered one of the highest and tallest standalone dunes in the world. is that true? and can you give me an idea of the size and scope of this doing this? but the place of relative height of study come from the base to the top is a 150 meters if and the height above sea level is 244 to 246 meters, according to data from the dog started nature reserve from full bus in terms of area code is 3 kilometers wide and 4 kilometers long. but that's the measurements

of study come now that the total area of the sand, massive is get started. come, parkins is $576.00 hectares of ideas which is part of the diag. it's 10 nature reserve and which is a protected area. and i feel the strong winds here and sand moves with the wins. um, does this do change over time? and if so, how, and also it's kind of a miracle to me that it stays in one place and talked me a little bit about that. somebody me only present the day started come shaped by winds, blowing continuously along the caucasus mountains. whatever the south west wind brings from the northwest wind carries away because there was a sort of struggle between the 2. ultimately produces the sand. richardson hips, perhaps this is the secret behind the sided. come do a constantly blowing windsor shaping the landscape, throw loose ascend one, wind springs with it, so that another carries away with being here. you feel that it is its own climate

really like a desert. the temperatures understand can get up to 60 degrees celsius. why is it that this place has its very own micro climate decision of the course? and we have a micro climate here is because there is mountains on one side and steps on the other forming a distinctive micro climate on the can you. the temperature of the sam reaches 30 degrees centigrade is fairly, as mid springs soon can exceed 60 degrees centigrade in the hottest summer months. we have reports of sam temperatures rising to of 80 degrees centigrade events. and that's the climate we have here with the work here. what if this is a real desert climate? does that mean that there are snakes and scorpions and maybe scary animals that i need to be worried about? so this teaching the florida, indeed the plant life of the nature reserve and study comes in doing is very diverse and red and she's not with wildlife. includes many species, scorpions, camel spiders or various calibrating stakes as well. for example, the blush steak and the trans caucasians, wrapped snake side. there's a great diversity of snake species which always fits the only nature reserve in

russia, where a relatively small area is inhabited by $21.00 reptile and, and fabian species. so i'm using the mediterranean tortoise is among them a very rare animal already in order to preserve this diversity in the natural environment of study, come in at the same time to let visitors enjoy the beauty of this place. we are creating echo trails here of the you've probably seen this broad waterway paved and expanded and it'll match, it was sort of demetrius mounted on the pile foundations. in fact, all the constructions and the nature reserve are built on piles up is there are no permanent structures. i think unless you step down from the trail and test your lock and you won't encounter any dangerous creatures either from the walkway, you can safely watch lizards of various colors. they depend on the top. there's a remarkable code headed organ last single. it's a very interesting and beautiful lizard. the symbol of the study can reserve cars, so you can enjoy all this safely from the trail without risking your health or damaging the natural environment of this place is shared with len. each of us,

not only the la printed all the knowing, so in the past couple years, tourism has increased significantly. that has its pluses and it has its minuses. are you concerned about protecting this natural wonder and the ecology of this place? and if so, what's being done to protect the controls over? i already mentioned we're trying to minimize damage to the nature reserve by making trails in walking boots for visitors in order to avoid having people roaming, sorry, come wherever they likely go back. walking off for you, official roots is not allowed. and that's simply to protest a wild life is the number of visitors has significantly grown to look compared to 2019 that year we had 10. well, almost 11000 visitors know in 2018 we had 25000 visitors. and last year we had 220000 tours here. well, that's a large number for us. it's a unique habitat and we're doing our best to preserve it for future generations. 35, thank you very much for an interesting conversation and even more for sharing this

beautiful place with us, the having meticulously made our way through the many personalities that make up the natural wonders that is duncan star. it is impossible not to reflect on our experience with anything but fall and a wonderment, and perhaps a hint of display. the mountains, the rivers, the ever changing climate, the flat lands and desert sand dunes, the people we met along the way. all of this is done good stuff, and i count myself to be incredibly lucky to shared with you. so where should we go next? a noun

. the due date, in 34 prance invaded algeria and straight away the french started inhabiting it to strengthen their position. the column is known as the new wires took the best land from day one. the local population was put into an unequal position and was briefly exploited. this caused them as these goods and the people of l. g area began their long term bite for independence. in 1954, the banner of freedom was raised by the national liberation front. a guerrilla war against the occupants broke out. the french tried to suppress, to rebuild you and using cruel measures. whole villages were wiped out acts of

georgia and executions of civil people, including pregnant women, children, and old people took place more than 2000000 people were born into concentration camps. however, these punitive measures didn't help. cl, jerry and patriots managed to induce france. besides these negotiations. in 1962 heavy and the cords were assigned 40 l. jerry on the bass towards independence. but this was achieved at a colossal price. algeria by rights is considered to be a country of martyrs. according to the calculations of historians, the french colonists are responsible for the depths of one and a half 1000000 algerians. yes, of of a lot. right now, moving up, i need to ship a position associated with the local church. so certificate of boulevard too much and watch close rates with john full. just so did all the cards. you put the room

in the gym, the one on the wall. i just want to illustrate you other choose couple of impression, some of the stuff we need for you plus the yesterday actually which kind of charlotte is the number one, send me an option for these. can you have some of them just one from that i will start following charter the correct order you to a new new morcia solution not scored good from advocates or supported k, i will be some good idea switching betsy mosley the oh, what else seemed wrong? just don't safe house because the application

and engagement equals the trail. when so many find themselves will support. we choose to look for common ground the the, the last votes of the people that live here. and they said that there were at least 3 shots fired ukraine. once again, use american maids. rockets for multiple launch. iraq, your system called high mars c. people killed an 8th, we did as residential buildings in the den. yes. republic come under ukrainian shouting without the correspondence addressed as a meeting of the un security council highlighting house shunning of civilians and