of the size, i think it's completely normal that french radio stations are suspended, as we have already signed agreements with russia. it is better that we continue with russia and continue with our defense and security forces. i think the return of the french army is not necessary to fight terrorism. it looks like the french army doesn't want to help us. we feel that they showed this interest towards the country trust no longer exist towards the french army. while the published prime minister is asking nato to share its nuclear weapons with the country, claiming that the russians plans to so nukes to his neighbour, bella roost is a threat. since russian intends to deploy a technical nuclear weapons in bel, ruth, we again call and all of nature to take part in the nucleus sharing program. we did not want to sit idly by, well, put an escalates all sorts of threats. and while the west accused, as russia are ramping up nuclear attentions have a look at this, america has been setting up as nuclear weapons in those european anava countries now for many, many years. and we spoke to bed of roses and pass it up to russia,

who says the countries plans to shed tactical nuclear weapons has nothing to do with the current conflict in ukraine. it looks like on this list on the list, it's a very stream statement considering poland is a member of nato. that's constantly recalling article 5 of nato that states members will protect each other in any case of aggression. it's unclear way in general. this rhetoric about nuclear weapons has been started by the polar side. poland has been pursuing a very aggressive military policy over the last few years, seeing it's going to build up its army, 3 fold, increase g p expenditures and purchase all the latest weapons i somewhere they plan on spending almost $15000000000.00, an unimaginable sun for the portion of economy and for the polish budget, i can't see how they can afford it. so as far as our country is concerned, we have repeatedly stated that our military strategy is defensive. we are a peaceful state. we just don't want to repeat of the blitz creek back in 1941 when

we lost the literally, in just a few days, 41 percent of our aircraft in our armed forces. we don't want to have to repeat the heroism that the defenders of the breast forger showed for a month once more. we have to be strong in order to prevent these events from happening. and again, we must be in alliance with russia. our leaders often say that all the decisions we're seeing were not born yesterday, or even the response of the events of the past year. this is actually a systemic, 20 year effort. all our regional grouping of forces their permanent equip into these annual exercises working through all the new military plants and solutions. and of course the current state of the world is showing there are more nuances to work on. and they have reviewed very clearly where we need to work harder. there is no novelty here. we're not against anyone. we just want to protect our country. the conversation continues online right now. check out the whole fed section of ox. we've done the,

[000:00:00;00] the, this is southern russia and in a relatively small area between the caspian sea and the carcasses mountains, you'll find in extreme a variety of climates and of nature. this isn't like visions, i'm showing thomas and together we're going to discover the magic of rushes republic of august on

the to help us get a basic understanding of what makes down this time. so enticing, we will speak with your e mail. doesn't go to you as a biologist and the geography who has dedicated his life to studying the region. very high. thanks for meeting us up here. such a beautiful, beautiful environment. that's for sure. i'm just looking right into your written books, your biologist. um right now. so many tourists are coming to douglas done. what can they find here that they can't find anywhere else? please. and the other as tourism has to be picking up here over the last 4 or 5

years or so. oh republic that gets done. it's not like anywhere else. it's landscapes inhabitants are unique, lakes and waterfalls. i don't want attracts tourists. what about? that's why so many people have been coming lately. i don't know if that's a good thing or a bad thing is when they may want, we're going to do the with more doors, though that means more damage to the environment. is that a concern for the people in here and douglas done and what is being done to protect this landscape? not business law, certainly for tourism, especially the influx we've seen over the last couple of years and it has an impact on the environment and bio diversity because it's not even here. as you can see, the ship is more traffic. now these are the people need to be educated and not to live, to get partial properly dispose of traction, but not through in the natural habitats. now that we need to preserve this beautiful and diverse nature we have and i guess down to the most that we need to build a wellness kind of made it that's a concern of course. but it's something for the government to decide for us to use . because we have the tourism industry,

which is directly responsible for it is not, but as a research here and a member of the biggest down division of the russian geographical society that i'm involved to with them. and that's we tried to contribute to educate people, to reach out to them via a media and some. and we tried to explain the importance of, of biodiversity service, then what has to be done to protect it though. so when i saw it, i was not but i do. there is amazing diversity here it is just so beautiful. how is all of this created and why here? of numbers? yeah, i guess down is unique for the diversity of it's landscapes is this, will this if you look at the map of the cook is, is going to the width of the mountain range. and i guess down is 200 kilometers. but that's why we have valley is foothills and spin a regions around which a very dry and higher areas in the mountains of the great a cool cuz isn't going to that these diverse conditions have certain implications. so going to different plants and animals choose to have attached with a thrive way they feel protected, didn't have enough nutrients. humans to are used to these mountains,

look at them. so when you look at all history, when snowfall in the mountains was heavy yesterday, or people fled to georgia as a bush on no. chechnya, i get into white house to hush windows and they just look golf. it's not like that anymore. if, if the claimant has changed above, there's less snow, obviously the woman is cause that's a problem. you take knology has made funding more efficiently. so people don't have to leave early. we did the mountains for the climate and clean that so they stay. so some, all these factors combined to make our complex so unique, to move it apart from that. we are located in the very south of russia used the southern most the point of the country is near the village of kudos when it's done with it is said by the people here. the dog has done is dangerously beautiful. and that the nature here doesn't forgive mistakes, what do they mean by that term up us and they just don't want to make things done. dangerous. is that people are unaware of the capricious nature of these mountains. i say go and visit the get a ducking gorge, for example, is that which can be flooded in a matter of minutes when it rains. so i guess it would put people in serious danger

. most of the inside those 2 cap on their own state and cliffs and got off. they thinks every multiple times. think of the risk. i believe if you do, it really is that the i guess done is a great place to visit with people of very hospitable to the local nature is beautiful with many gorgeous lakes and water for some days. it does a lot to see the great i just done is a piece of having him in russia, the sheep there everywhere. in fact, i've heard that there might even be more sheep and august on. then people also there tells on the road how is this a part of the culture? is it important to the economy? what do she provide for douglas on the east? i'm dealing with just the one that gets done means land of mountains of so and in such a land, sheep reading is number one for agriculture, according to data, or a more than 4600000 sheets and gets done. we have this system where they spend the summers in the alpine meadows and come down to the step for the winter. we use this

is made possible again by our unique landscape, the quality of our products as well note and recognize both in russia and abroad. nicely with a major source of revenue for the republic at the moment of the product of them. so they just don't source that on the other hand, cheap and other domesticated animals in the mountains with of food for wild animals printer, does it come to thirdly? well that's what as and rapids channel ram at the same time sheets compete with wild animals for past you. so there's a need to strike the right balance to make sure that both can strive. so feel free to swing wild doors and sheep are essential for all people here. i guess. diversity in geography must mean diversity in biology as well as biologist. can you tell me what sort of animals that we can find here that we can find anywhere else or what makes this place unique? no, and you can guess this region is unique being in the very south of rush, it would get really warm. and i said, i felt that right further down south close to the ben, skip. it can get very hot,

but that's why we have some of the sees that didn't live anywhere else in russia right below. they include the live on to find, but it gives to the lounge and highly venomous snake. is it called some some old lizard spc scans. the greek told us he actually took a, put a monitor on many bugs. of course, a great variety of them are here, almost like the blue rocks frustrated. if people would catch strike ice the roof as detailed as grubber old in most and many others, that you won't find anywhere else in russia as a senior, because there are no other suitable habitats fold them out for the most fearsome species. but as the cool occasion, the leopard at the new cell, unfortunately poaching still exists, finding the time to come back to the person, yet the case still has before 11 does survive. ok. so boss is even a program now for releasing rapids into the wild some way here in the cold because it's cost give us as someone who is research and this issue for us. okay, so i can argue that doug is down, still has its own, extend to population out there by way of a small medium but still reproduces itself. so as we're driving through the mountains,

something that seems unique to druggist on are these terraces. but they were created thousands of years ago with ancient technology. yet they still stay intact . how are they created in way? probably more that gets down to perennial problem after the visit, the mountains off a little space for agriculture to the planting, bone, cooling and running, and so on and in schools. and that's why people have made those terraces using only manual labor, right? somebody, they reinforce the slope to prevent erosion due to heavy rain and use them for funding for the school and they put in and you know, somebody like to eat the arrival of new technology and equipment makes funding more efficient to them. and those terraces they neglected so solid base of mine was a monument to terrace funding. so reminder of pasta agricultural brand decision is good for many studies about this phenomena. if it goes away, it's about some of these. maybe people will use them again some day. who knows about the different as much as they go to. so i know that you've been studying this your entire life, specifically darkest on your biologist. you are, you've written books,

as we've mentioned. what makes this place so interesting for you personally? what is it in the soul of douglas done for you? i just thought i knew you gotta do. i was born here. i grew up here. everything in my life is connected to that gets done. i became passionate about biology and even doug is done, he is essentially healy and so unique biological lab. it has high mountains valley's lowland forest stems, deserts the senior, and the great diversity of landscapes and animals which inhabit them. typically the one of the most fascinating things about traveling through the august time is the ever changing climate. you just don't know what you're going to see around the next mountain orfield, and it's all just so beautiful and interesting to look kenya and the crown jewel of douglas dunn field are who signed off as a geographer and officially one of the best teachers in russia we asked him to help

us on cover some of the secrets of this place. build our thanks for meeting me here . i think we're good. we're the luckiest people to have this view and have this conversation. so you are a teacher, you're a geographer. this is a lot of canyon, lot of people about grand canyon, but not too many people know about this place. is also the harder digest on. they say that this is it. so what makes this place are unique when the employer and one of the most popular and most visited places in douglas done, it's a shame and rightfully considered to be the symbol of august on a, the suicide canyon. or it is unique for many reasons. on the 1st for its size and depths, and it's often compared to the grand canyon at the you will as and when you measure damped, even though it's important to understand what you take as you'll venge. mom is this, the sewage canyon consists of 3 pods and we've been know number one is the so called the main county and the deepest quantity on deal it's, it's depth is about 2000 meters just at the 11th of this is the deepest point to

the pseudo canyon because these ranges very high or color both pieces should be up right now. we're standing on the middle platform and that so the canyons relative dance here is about 700 meters. but another thing that makes the pseudo kind of in unique is its structure that it can select the ser, like itself and human ski is a very ancient river even though. so how did this county in a much of when the river 1st appeared that they weren't any mountains around here? the area was flat to more than 10000000 years ago, but the since then an active mountain formation is taking place and nobody me on the, as the terrain got hire for the real, a caught a deep upon it, got the thanks to bottom erosion, z and that's how the canyon was formed over millions of years ago. on the 5th, it's my understanding that earthquakes are happening here all the time. so does that mean that this particular canyon is always changing? always growing, even getting deeper. uh, just through to the, at the yes indeed, no, i said, so this area is classified as

a high seismic hasn't territory to it because it's most of the biggest. um, if it continues with canyon is still changing and growing as a result of geological processes or change as the by the river, the same time moving, it continues to deep and it's bad. i mean, it says the depth of the canyon is growing. i do is in geology, nothing is that's a c. like in a photo thing, is this more like a videos, an ongoing process, mostly staging the changes of microscopic those so we can see them the slide with the new semester. can you own land slide process is also take that tone right? so this photos and canyons, and there's always the danger of rock formations being unstable, which cause land slides squared. but this is why the canyon goes deep. i'm going to be of the us quakes happen every day here. god says this is a high seismic has a territory with i have just like most of the biggest on google to can you? the magnitude though is quite low and one yellow to 1.5 points that go with the humans con, feel for it. they used the deal with this. one of the strongest earthquakes ever to

happen here was in may 1970 to us. it's results can be seen on one of the bank so that you a k water reservoir. blessed us quick, was followed by a major land slide us on social is got a. it seems to me that we have a sort of geological museum here because you can see the layers of the canyon and that goes back, as you said earlier, tens of millions of years. so what kind of secrets can we find? what does this kenyan tell us about the history? there is a drum, a subordinate canyon. so special and beautiful is the steep slopes up. this way you can trace volcanic ages go to more than uh, since this tower tree used to be at the bottom of the world's ocean for a long time before the mounts informing processes began. and that we mostly see soon as only a gear supplementary wrong. so bullet no middle of a tens of millions of years and show it while this land was at the bottom of the ocean rocks. lad of each other to form this sort of cake effects which the bottle speaking of their rage, the top of the as this 5 to 800 meters us into zoe, looked at paleo g near g,

and i'm motion the quote 10. every periods is always good. if we go deep in this vault, we can trace misa, zoe and cretaceous. rock players. it's stunningly beautiful from up here. but you want to go down and take a look from the water side to the locals. say that you can actually drink this water here. so why is it so queen? why is it so clear? are there any health benefits to this water and the sound the live go out in the secret behind this want to is the fact that there along the river. so lucky and those that flow into the su like it. but as it would select the snippet it, there were several hydro electric power plants. the dams slowed down their flow. detroit as a slow, the punch goes in the water, central boats. other words that color becomes brain to as it gets less monday, nimble. this is how the clarity of water is achieved,

mostly gonna take you more present. now you just mentioned the hydro electric power stations. this water is actually a mighty mighty force providing power too much of this down. talk to me a little bit about that and how much power is actually coming from this rest of the solar. indeed, when you look at the river from the mountains, uh, it looks like a tiny blue ribbon and, and it's hard to believe that it's got huge power generating potential when you sort of see. but it's true that the silicon is one of the most powerful rivers in the north. cool causes motion, particularly in terms of generating energy. you. this is why we have a series of how it bronze on the silica throat and the chick a hydro electric power plant is among the most powerful the, this capacity is 1000 megawatts point. 1000000 kilowatts. this, this to lock a huge potential, which is exactly why we have so many power plants bills on it. so, this water is a unique color, and people are under say that water changes color as of the day moves. what gives

it this unique quality? uh, some dealer with the always because ok, i already talked a bit about how water here gets its clear blue color go away. i almost took was another find to play here is a change in. so my thing here is that changes, depending on the depth of the water, you can see different color effects and dozens of them. it all depends on the weather and the depth of the warranty you're looking at to go to the or will go see one color on a bright, sunny day. like now i'm chest and a completely different color at sunset at the so it depends on both the weather and the time of day. and you are, you're a teacher. in fact uh you are officially recognized as one of the best teachers in russia. so congratulations on that, but what i'm interested in and what you tell your pupils about this area and even about august on in general, what is important for them as opposed to by sure, thank you very much. is to that i love my job to be lit up. i enjoy working with

children and this place in particular, this canyon is the best part, the kids. or if i often bring them here. as i believe it's important to give children really experiences when you're teaching things like geography, which to help them see the things you're talking about. the find yourself in media, they can see the power generating capacity of the river. there's on the gym for example. those is there, they can also see the wrong layers of different geological periods. so i make it a point to show the kids the things that i'm talking about in class. and for you personally, not about the things of what do you like most of what brings you joy about the stuff that your son is part of my so my identity might be a more do i like about it? is diversity. all sorts of different people with different preferences, i can find a place where they love those to me, they can be on the caspian beaches learn useful, somewhat deep in the mountains, being with the emotional anyone can find

a correspond for themselves. he asked the children there and that's what i love about is incredibly interesting conversation. thanks very much. i appreciate the the end of course. another microclimate, a sand dune desert. it certainly looks out of place here. but a content study. cool. a wheel mystery, surrounded by the mountains of august on the does that he puts my going at of works at the special nature reserve here that he thought. thank you very much for meeting me out here. i'm a bona fide doone goon. so this is a great experience for me. so let's get right into it. i'm sorry, cool. is known as one of the 8th wonders of the world. and so there has to be some legends as to why this place was created or how it's created. can you tell me some of them, a little bit of getting it on the pillow and welcome to signing,

ma'am your rights. in the old times, people would often come up with some story or legend to explain things. they found hard to understand. like how something to your tray and change. so people came up with quite a lot of stories about this place. but so i personally prefer the most romantic one . it's a legend about an unhappy lover, which is a man called abraham lincoln, his local village, not far from here with his beautiful daughter body young. the young man wanted to marry her, but she loved laughs. as her father, however, refused lodged proposal and wanted to test his level 1st, he told him to build a sand mountains, so tall that abraham's house would be visible from the top beloved. so blot started bringing piles of sand to prove his love for various deals. when he finally finished and went to see abraham, he found a very old woman there. it was his lover's body out to a slave to himself and turned into an old man more working. it took him so many years to complete it well, but that's the legend. but it tells us that things like this can also happen in

life that are both sad and romantic. and so those are the legends of talk to me about factually. how did this get here? how was it created? scientists believe that the study come itself was formed on ancient marine terraces . as we cut the surfaces covered with sand will the sands were carried here from the foremost ranges of the caucus as mountains what they, which collapse of thousands of years ago. oh, that's the scientific explanation. is that so we know how it was created? how old is this place? uh no. its name dunham, uh, scientific research indicates that the current a o n land forms we observe the next 5000 years. no. the sand itself is about 100000 years old or full of stuff. this is, is it is considered one of the highest and tallest standalone dunes in the world. is that true? and can you give me an idea of the size and scope of this doing this? but the place of relative height of study come from the base to the top is

a 150 meters if in the height above sea level is 244 to 246 meters, according to data from the dog started nature reserve in full, but in terms of area code is 3 kilometers wide and 4 kilometers long. but that's the measurements of study come now that the total area of the sand massive. since the study come, parkins is $576.00 hectares of ideas, which is part of the tag as 10 nature reserve and which is a protected area. and i feel the strong winds here and sand moves with the wins. does this do change over time? and if so, how, and also it's kind of a miracle to me that it stays in one place that talked me a little bit about that. somebody me only present the day started come shaped by winds, blowing continuously along the caucasus mountains. whatever the south west wind brings from the northwest wind carries away because there was a sort of struggle between the 2. ultimately produces the sand. richardson hips, perhaps this is the secret behind the sided. come do a constantly blowing when she things

a landscape will lose the sand one when springs with it. so the another carries away with being here. you feel that it is its own climate really like a desert. the temperatures understand can get up to 60 degrees a celsius. why is it that this place has its very own micro climate decision of the course? and we have a micro climate here is because they are in the mountains on one side and steps on the other forming a distinctive micro climate on the can you, the temperature of the sam reaches 30 degrees centigrade is fairly, as mid springs, so it can exceed 60 degrees centigrade in the hottest summer months, we have reports of sam temperatures rising to of 80 degrees centigrade events. and that's the climate we have here with the quick claim. what if this is a real desert climate? does that mean that there are snakes and scorpions and maybe scary animals that i need to be worried about? so this treating the for a indeed, the plant life of the nature reserve and study comes in doing is very diverse and red and she's not. with wildlife includes many species of scorpions,

campbell spiders or various calibrating stakes as well. for example, the blush steak and the trans caucasians, red snake said there's a great diversity of snakes, species which always fits the only nature reserve in russia, where a relatively small area is inhabited by $21.00 reptile and amphibian species. so i'm using the mediterranean tortoise is among them, a very rare animal. would it be in order to preserve this diversity in the natural environment of study, come in at the same time to let visitors enjoy the beauty of this place. we are creating echo trails here of the you've probably seen this broad waterway paved and expanded the middle nash. it was sort of demetrius mounted on the pile foundations . in fact, all the constructions and the nature reserve are built on piles of is there are no permanent structures. i think unless you step down from the trail and test your lock and you won't encounter any dangerous creatures either with but from the walkway, you can safely watch lizards of various colors. on the top, there is a remarkable code headed organ. last single. it's a very interesting and beautiful lizard,

the symbol of the study can reserve cause so you can enjoy all this safely from the trail without risking your health or damaging the natural environment of this place is sure to. but letting each of us not only look at all the knowing, so in the past couple years, tourism has increased significantly. that has its pluses and it has its minuses. are you concerned about protecting this natural wonder and the ecology of this place? and if so, what's being done to protect it? kills a guy already mentioned. we're trying to minimize damage to the nature reserve by making trails and walking routes for visitors in order to avoid having people roaming. so he come wherever they likely go back, walking off for you, official roots is not allowed to send that simply to protest. a wild life is the number of visitors has significantly ground to look compared to 2019 that year we had 10. well, almost 11000 visitors know in 2018 we had 25000 visitors. and last year we had

220000 tours here. well, that's a large number for us. it's a unique habitat and we're doing our best to preserve it for future generations. 35, thank you very much for an interesting conversation and even more for sharing this beautiful place with us, the having meticulously made our way through the many personalities so that make up the natural wonders that is duncan star. it is impossible not to reflect on our experience with anything but fall and a wonderment, and perhaps a hint of display. the mountains, the rivers, the ever changing climate, the flat lands and desert sand dunes, the people we met along the way. all of this is done to start and i count myself to be incredibly lucky to shared with you. so where should we go next?

a yeah, search of a lot right now. moving up, i give a shit it is i should associated with the local church. so certificate of boulevard too much and watch coolers, which was a john bullshit. so don't that in the cause of the room in the gym. the one to know what that of all our other choose control the smallest definitely needs flavor. plus the transfer me to just kind of charlotte, i'm with a number or something else. let me put this thing up. so i'm just working on that. i will start following charter with the correct order, hit on your new north share solution. not scored good from um, but it says total k, i will do this. looks like

a good idea. did you validate the the, [000:00:00;00] the most likely studios we are selves have serious doubts about the common sense of many western leaders. they have admitted that it is they who are fighting against us, not ukraine. yeah, russia is talk different about, says weston leaders like certain cognitive abilities and expose themselves. they are now in