to this road. yeah. what really? yeah. given many came to see the movie ball. when did this drawing, you didn't the kind of the awfully should i the, because on says dv shoes. and the big operations selective the only the people of india, the electorate. and is very, you know, observe, involved and continue just very clear become very clear too late. is that the development of the nation and did carry a personal, gave you the ability to link breaking news here or on see a massive explosion has been reported by local residents in south western russia and a city on the sea. as of a large cloud of building smoke was captured and videos posted on social media. there isn't a good in the city of impact on rogue within the next for the public. so he's of not yet commented about what exactly happened. this is a developing story and we will keep you updated this

a with us as a throughout the day we will be going boxes will be this book. i'm the roy associated to cover the russian africa summit. but for now, we're going to take a short break. we'll see you soon. the i was afraid of robert f. kennedy junior. well, apparently everyone in the political establishment and mainstream mediates very much like donald trump, he says what he thinks the liberal society is be den park a junior is fear because the spirit of the,

the the, as cities grow and land is developed, a problem is presented how do we protect our nature and the unique animals that live here? this is the caucuses nature reserve, where they are cultivating an innovative program to re release the leopards into

the wild function, thomas vision and visions. and today we're on the mountains across are probably on the caucus is nature reserve. it is one of the kind with it's a huge territory in diverse and wildlife synagogue. sugarloaf is the director here . he has been his lights in the force of the reserves. it's his likes work and he's with us today to show us what it's all about there. yes. thank you for meeting out here. it's going to be interesting to learn what to do. so 1st, let's start off. tell me, you've been doing this job for a long time as a park ranger. tell me how you got into this job and what exactly do you do? the boys in this result for 40 years and i've been in the mountains since i 1016. i pointing towards them taking torres through the nature reserve, specialized the mountain tourism. yeah, i climbed onto algebra city is i'm all about the mountains. it's my words as far as

range of them for years and i studied while i became a forest engineer. so i been through a one level, it's up to the director for so which is what's interesting is that i'm the 21st direct 9 to 9 years. and i've been in this position for 20 years with my previous as to what 15 years. so the, every student to be on the 19th direct is the full that was 2 or 3 years of a bunch of work here is very difficult because the territory, everybody's really big. they thought about it right now. we're number one in the country in terms of visitors, but we don't that tories go deep into sign. the result was what we did is create recreational facilities around the perimeter. there's by 6100000 people visited the natures of last year, around 1000 spend time near the result. just so practically, no damage was done. so now you tell me a little bit about the dangers of your job. and if you have any source to share, no in 2017, we mounted 100 years of the nature reserve system. then there's 100 years since the system was created. 103 major reserves have been created more than 57 people have

died according to the cost as nature as the number of these people were killed by poachers or drowned string crossings. i'll go to contentedly, full, went on duty, but 16 people that some load up so i can send a white dangerous spell if every month after the, when i became direct to it, there was a lot of poaching, mostly outside the nature reserve limits. so that was actually sees very few guns in the reserves because mainly working around the perimeter that you have. how can i move people down to engage an antique page and campaigns i tiptoed decided to tell you there's no poaching in the nature as a down by mike. now the only page is a taurus to catch a snake by micro baker red list. plants catch a caterpillar for some wag tail, but can you have that little side poaching? what's pretty easy if you take a news away from the forest on the west coast damaged with working just on that. now, this place is really big. about 280000 hector's. how do you protect such a bass area from people and from whom are you protecting the area?

i've seen what the perimeter of the nature reserve. i be the whole lives that will be around 3 to 4 families at one location across the best buy a home in the mountains. the natures that i misplaced into ranges with what we have 48 ranges is supervised by 48 range general. each of them responsible for one area and you feel more so in general, to think about control and protection. you have good communications here, but there are no roads in the nature reserve of them. you can't get in here by congress. bo county high court take a whole small side. well, no, it's not easy to say. i understand that there's a place a little bit higher that you want to take this is. so let's go to the outline meadows. now the now we know don't far from us right now, there is a beer, as you pointed out. what other kind of interesting animals are here in the reserve . those that make of the doors from there is huge animal diversity here. the european bison dead to sham law,

jackal basket. nice folks wild boar. and so i wonder when we go to shakespeare, we monkey the 100 kind of history of the coke says, nature as i can assist you with, was created specifically to preserve the population of the european vice. and they also have the 1st one was course in the courses in $1856.00, that's the thing handled, wasn't known facts. and so they took it to the st. petersburg academy of sciences. the way it was done don't by this word means why some in translation, but a book needs, kick up the law spice and respond to it. in the coaxes in 1927 was lights in 1976. the fuel blended european bison nick named comcast was found in germany. i'm returned to rush up. i pulled it up, but they wouldn't know female animals be sugar. so 9 female bison were taken from a nature reserve in ukraine to create to population on here. what could it be? should what's good? especially as today, we have 1200 european bystanders. so we managed to present this species. eco tourism is becoming more and more popular here,

with crowds of tourists heading into the reserves with the start of the season. but how do you make sure everyone's safe? how do you keep people from encroaching into the territories that are supposed to be home to some of the worlds of career suspicions? olga picked up a visit to the deputy director of the congress's nature reserve. she's with us today to provide some perspective. olga hello. hello. thank you for meeting me out here to help us understand this beautiful place. can animals and humans actually a co exist or will humans always be a threat? is there a way to strike a balance? i know it's important to remember. oh, that's a very complicated question because animals are always put under stress and the presence of humans. but i mean, troy, we seem to nature reserve that people don't know how to interact with wild animals . people are either very afraid of them or become aggressive, or we see in local settlements that people pay little attention to their garbage, attracting wild animals,

even though the bar this changes the animal's behavior and they become more aggressive. the thing they don't behave like they would in the wild to come someone because the 1st question tourist ask when they come to the nature reserve is if we have bears. here i was and we say yes, we do better than they ask. and what should we do because we want to hike along this route and you have bears all around that. and we keep explaining to people that wild animals are normal and healthy. and if their habitats and behavior are not influenced by humans, i turn they will never attack a torres, a person who is just walking by the door. the scariest animals in the mountains are probably human, some selves, because they don't know how to behave properly. we're only starting to develop eco tourism, helping people learn more about nature and how to preserve it. even now nature reserves like this needs space and it seems to me that there's always going to be people building and infringing on that space. for example, hotels interest areas,

is that a problem and how do you combat that? that this trust company, it has become a problem because hotels and resorts have advanced practically up to the reserves boundaries. and i know the biggest issue is that we don't have the opportunity to educate torres is to make sure that they know there's a nature reserve nearby that they should and play loud music or leave garbage and tell them to only walk along the trails in certain areas, we simply can't manage it. there's a lot of people and the resorts don't adequately inform their guess about their surroundings to prevent, of course. so this m types on the animals causing them to move deeper into the nature reserve. if i, if this continues to nature reserve will wind up being like an island dress and then the chance of preserving wild life here for another 100 or 200 years will be diminished by so. but also now our director and colleagues are saying that it's important to create green core doors between nature reserves to leave space that's not occupied by people, roads, or resorts. so that animals can move freely and these different species cross paths

that's going to in the very end, you know, kind of an extreme answer. is it possible just to lock the area off and keep people out completely. uh, we're in the fifties and sixties and even when nature reserves were just being set up at the beginning of the previous century, this is there was the idea of turning them into things. prevent people from coming in to go stick to science and preserve the animal's thoughts enough, but it didn't stand up to criticism because when people don't know what's happening on a certain territory and they become hostile towards it. and so that hinders preserving everything 5, we've opened to less than 3 percent of our territory to visitors. that's almost 400 kilometers of trails. the opportunity to see all the climatic zones. look at the mountains forest, the highest points and glaciers can when people see the alpine meadows and bloom because the color is changing every 2 weeks. they are inspired by this. they begin to love this and become our assistance in preserving nature. but if we lock up,

if we're going to lose these people, we're, so here finding this balance is very important for you mentioned that there are different routes that tourists can take, but tourist and people in general can let's say be a little bit stupid. sometimes they try and go around in the past and find their own ways. um, are you finding yourself in the position to have to go and rescue these tours sometime today and then grab we're good. yeah, sometimes we save these torres because most of the tragic or dramatic situations and the nature reserve occur on people leave. the trails don't follow the rules, i'd say, well, we shouldn't have a 3rd. but thankfully, in the last few years, there have been few extreme situations and we generally manage to find people and have a talk with them for the i believe people aren't stupid or intend to violate the rules for the main reason. this usually happens is because they don't know why they can't do certain things so that they would when you explain it, they are motivated not to do this anymore. so that's what's the price. you

mentioned that people don't have the proper or not. they don't always have the proper information. i've heard you wants to talk about the story of the bear coming into a tent because the bear one of the chocolate bar and the people didn't know to keep their food separate. you have any other stories like that die of it the we had the story repeat 2 years ago last year. and there are several places in the nature reserve that are very popular with torres and start reading. and these are also places where bears traditionally live and very young bears that aren't as smart as the older ones. and they don't know, it's not a good idea to approach people and like teenagers, they're curious and is not. these bears come to tours camping spots and naturally are attracted to the smell of food. we inform torres that they need to store food away from where they sleep and we're paying them on a tree or put them in stuff side if there is one step. but incidents still happened . one happened 2 years ago when a girl had 2 chocolate bars in her backpack and

a young bear came and of course, she only took the backpack she carried it off. we found it not far from the camp site, so that these things happen, but it's not the very small know a persian leverage of once a room does this area until the humans came saved from the brink of extinction. the persian leopard is now slowly but steadily returning to the place. it is a rightful home. so there are only about a 1000 persian leopards left in the wells. how many of them are here in this reserve? when was the last time a pleasure? the left side was spotted here in the wild was in 1984. and then after that they disappeared with a busy i screwed up up into the house and i did. liquid reintroduction program was launched in with be sure today we have only 3 left, but it's in the nature reserve for but what the main problem we have visit the elaborate steps stay here with the lead the reserves boundaries issue at the is a lot of snow had the lipids and not back go to a hunting big prey on my side. they moved to places inhabited by records. i saw

jackals badges and small rodents. i know, and that's what they monitor them using won't lice camera traverse. they will probably know way a shuttle to release the female liquid into the wall, and i'm going to say we decided to put her outside the rest of the 3 males and i played so ready live. it seems to me, it's all about the balance. and what i mean is there was a time when the leopards were not in this region and re introducing them to the region is also kind of changing the way the nature works. is this an intrusion into nature? as well, or are you worried about that type of intrusion issue at this point and i don't think it's an intrusion to below wind up was there is a very high density of animal populations here. so 30 and we have 1800 depth of 2000 says i'm 1300 sure. well, a number of places of shows and where we wouldn't disrupt the animal planet. separate. but what's the size of the rapids now live outside the nature is that it is, as i said, mainly feeding on small rodents. so how does the process work when you reintroduce

a leopard or any animal back into the wild? how do you know where to let them go? how do you know if they're ready to be released? that's interesting to me. no one else go, comes little fish as we have a scientific division at the nature reserve team including 7, ph. d. 's and 2 professors and when we have a breeding station located in the saw the national box before the animals that kept getting close at all possible and then lives there for 2 years. while we train them for the wild as if it were up to 2 years they released into the night to reside. we chose the best suited places, pronounced. it, of course, is a good areas with little snow and high animal density. is that by the last time we released the left, it's right in the sense of the nature is of the other way. so you have, we've changed our plan, the following recommendations from us science division. so we, we keep monitoring the price. i sold it around and it's a spattering monitoring missions every moment. there isn't camera traps to small places with more animals live with. so this yet we're going to release the lipids outside. there is

one of the most impressive programs here in the nature reserve, the introduction of the person leopard. and hopefully we'll get to meet some of your residents nickel. i'm ronan is the head of the center as he will show us around. nikolai, thanks for giving us the opportunity to come here to your office and experience this leopard firsthand. um, everyone in the entire world is looking at this a specific reserve and what you're doing here. what makes your program so unique when you've got a nice price? cuz it protects a photo store, what makes all products you unique is that no one else has been able to make as much progress in ring for inducing logic privatized into their natural habitat. so what's the new, what they're actually able to have been some attempts tories told the population of lines and africa. but the problem was that those lines, once they were reintroduced into the wild wood, usually died with kaiser. what's next? i probably won't bring it back. we, on the other hand, have been able to breed new,

let pause from adult wild animals and all center will change. but then we're raised them in a way to make them prepare to some volume out in the wild on their own. and just just and they said that we released almost as duration of that pause in 2016 and they have been able to survive on the round of us things and it was bears one kid shipment is that they avoid meeting people down there. and despite the fact that in which and seem all that pause, do not come to households to prey on domesticated animals and anybody who might have condemned, instead full, they hunt into the wild video. and because of that, even though gets really hot in winter when snow can be up to one me to think. and instead of being on the less the still capable of adapting. and that's a very important component of the survival in the wild sherry. where do i have to order me? it seems to me that it takes a lot of area to be able to do what you do. can you give me an idea of the, the size of this place to scope at the found like level of a process? that's actually the most important question. as our boss here is to say the most

important thing, you know, walk is infrastructure and what it without it, we won't be able to prepare the animals effectively for survival in the wild here. and those are in our territory is currently being 12 heck to us. and we have a number of sectors dedicated to different functions such as we have headquarters and the way we can control all the processes remotely and that from, from those. as you can see, all animals sectors are equipped with the video cameras and we can remotely do things like open the gauge for the pause to go through, paid them, and also remotely, with accumulated enough experience to be able to control them hunting lodge hoof dynamos remotely. above the corner of the desk and have hunting sectors of this and much more mature me the webs of everything by surveillance cameras if legit and make adjustments whenever necessary in the training program for each individual. that part. if i may ask, where do your leopards come from at the border? fortunately, this is another very important issue is coach. it's actually one of the key things

because you know, the to phone when you a population in the wild. hopefully we need to release specimens. i'm with different genetic background since that's your 2nd as and so one important thing we do mothers. what is news? but on, despite the fact that some of the parent and the most all from sous the baby lab thoughts of holiness, re instincts for survival in the wild book. and our job here is to help them develop those instincts that is close to the nice thing. well, that's the main job here at this center. we still artificially stimulate natural instincts. fairly well not inventing anything new. here we simply create conditions, pump these private as to be able to follow the instincts and succeed just can i sort of nice to know the animals that come from the zoo parks. this is themselves. they can't be released into the wild. can they? because they're already spoiled for that kind of life. philip, i've had enough. yeah. you're absolutely wrong. i had a case one of the pug disallowing problems donated as a young lip on 2 years old. and they said that it had been kept separately and had

no contact with people whatsoever, and ran a series of tests here to see how it would behave as well. but for you, and we found out that the animal wasn't able to hunt, wasn't afraid of people including interact with all the lat, pole, and such as best was spent a year training hammons for that one. up soon as you finally started hunting and realize he's a lad, no, the human, then you'll be able just started mocking territory scratching, rubbing urinating, but we seem to have trouble getting him to employed. people consistently point out strongly up every now and then he would start showing interest in humans trying to approach as much it before it leaves the animals into the wild. we're run a series of very demanding tests and when we tested him for human interaction, that's when we act as a group of taurus approaching the lab pod area. but that subject lab pod got excited and it came out to interact and she was like, oh finally news. there are some fun people in bright clothes and all those mean people in cream uniform. so he failed the task because in any my like this in the wild can only trade when the conflict and we decided to keep him for breeding or

found human might come here. but it's, and we're expecting the capital to have new cups very soon in the processes that are taking place at our facility from the moment the comfortable until they are released. how do i include and training procedures, stimulation of the social activities, etc. data all happens on the video camera surveillance. we see that behavioral corrections are required at a certain stage as to when we see that. and then i'm always afraid of humans. what we, what the if it's shy of physically weak label, just slowing percent is to wait till an animal from another little hands down it. yeah. does that scratch when we give an animal special hunting training sessions, training a little hung down the kinds of pray that are easy to track down it and get close to that? which is that hard to wrestle down? he's got a for example, that won't boys of powerful that pneumonia as low as long with short legs and a short neck, well wrestling down indeed, for example, it takes a laugh pon about 2 minutes long getting down and bowl can take up to 30 or 40

minutes 20 feet and it's the kind of thing is the tons, 2 year old tubs, into rio beasts, vehicle ready to take home any mountain in the call cases. so nichol, i, we know that the leopards are safe here in this environment, but, but does this kind of give them a safe sense of security because when they're released into the wild, will they be safe out there? this environment pretty much though. it's important to realize that the main danger to that pause into was, comes from us, human just in any event, it's effect that is not related to natural processes, both fucked up, for example, in the wild. and it's perfectly normal that it printed till 10 died in another lounge while i mean even in it's out the looking for something to novel ons goes down. the animal don't always look like it's normal and it can happen to any being with it. let me know if i get but human related factors. however, people are regulated and our job here is based on efforts and developing the reflex we x of avoiding humans. nicolai's been incredibly fascinating in to learn what you

do, but also to watch what these leopards do. thank you very much. 6th period. the julia, thank you for bringing me here to the control center where you can really see all of the leopards out in the reserve. as i've heard these leopards take exams. so what kind of exams did they take? how can a leopard take a test? all the animals set from wild release are supposed to pass at has that allows us to be sure that the animal can list the attitude towards humans and to any lives logs that can be. second test is funds can grow. we set up several funds and see how the lepers attached or pray god, a 100 down. so whether they are capable of hunting a while, that all get there and how feasible it is for them in the wild. so what happens if leopard fails and exam has ever been the case where you haven't been able to send

them out? of course we will not release an animal that can survive in a while. such animals say, you know, we're center forever and are used for reading in most cases. for example, i've got here failed her test like because she was too curious for humans. what was so she stays here with us and one on this on the or if i may ask, sitting here and looking at the different leopards, it seems to me that you'll develop a relationship with them. so what are your emotions when you see them sent into the wildest? are you sad? are you happy? is it a mix of both? i used to have to can. yes. and then of course you yes, you know like family to us. we know them. oh, we know they peculiarities like for example, in the fish and hate certain food. so we give him only done the food they like we do, we vaccinate them. room them little kids to us going. they are released in the wild . it's always an intense moment with loss of emotions. the key 1st leave, there's

a joy for having a cheap the results. there is a major program that greatly benefits the future of our country's environment. the besides that we become so attached to the animals that it's sad to realize that we won't be seeing them again soon, but least ever has quarterly. they're worse than anything you go to the julia, thank you very much for taking the time to show us. this is kind of cool that we get to hang out with leopards here in this environment. so i appreciate that. but the, you can argue preserving the bio diversity of our plan that should be among our top priorities globally. and it is reassuring to know that set against this stunning scenery are beautiful people doing this important work. it is a difficult task, but a rewarding one. all leading up to priceless and emotional moments like this one is returning to its proper home to the congress as mountains

the the watching is why is that why in this control if i give but plenty of those for this, this is chad and i showed on dinner, but i'm not going to stay alive. so can i scan when i get in touch at your desktop session? that's just showing me your just is when you bought it. when you said, oh no, it's not the the, the,

the 1898 of the united states won the war again, spain and gain control of the philippines. the people of the philippines held that the americans would help over throw spanish rule and the grand independence to the country. but the united states was by no means willing to give freedom to the philippines and side as just another colony. 1999. the filipinos began armed resistance to the new occupier. american troops were barely able to occupy the territory of the philippine republic for that patriot started a desperate berella war. washington was forced, as in new reinforcements and triple the number of its troops on the islands. the u

. s. army suffered heavy losses. the americans took 8 out of the population, general jacob smith, in revenge for the gorilla attack on the garrison in the city of bile on ega. porter to kill everyone over 10 years old. the monstrous gulf of terror, according to the most conservative estimates lead to the death of about 200000, say, let the notes the americans manage to suppress the gorilla as only 14 years after the beginning of the war. but the united states was not able to stop the national liberation struggle of the filipino peoples in 1946. after the decades of the dramatic ordeal, the philippines was finally able to achieve independence. the main thing is the russian african are united by and in the desire to defend genuine

sovereignty, the right to their own original classic development in political, economic, social, cultural, impel, other speakers. the addresses around the table session during the 2nd day of the russian advocate submits in st. petersburg, emphasizing the content and growing role in the world as well as.