the the, [000:00:00;00] the,

[000:00:00;00] the, [000:00:00;00]

the, the the sometimes nature throws us for a loop. this place for example, beyond the natural beauty of the baltic region. this place is it unesco world heritage site. we had crony in 5th national park and today we're going to find out what makes this place so unique. moving sims, dancing trees, birds projects, the creation of the baltic seas, winds and waves the flakes seemingly out of a fairy tale and white sleet. the mescal world heritage site, but global warming may change it beyond recognition. geologist and geographer eating it is the right person to talk to about the caribbean, spit national park. thank you for taking the time to bring us out here. i have to say that is going to be a hard time convincing my mom and family that i actually work for living with

a setting like this. so here on the crony and spit, we have arid dried deserts, we have sand dunes, we have rich forests, and we have the beach. what do we owe this great diversity to load use? it's our new system. as i say, most many specialist schools, the crony and spit coastal plane, however, is characterized by unique landscapes phone, by sea and wind, the landscape of the colonial spit. and the smaller scale climate events that occur here weren't being counted anywhere else. so as a result, you can see open white sand dunes, green forest, birch tree, cesspits, and even field of logins, you will only see it here. milk. i decided we were working on often things it comes from particles of sun rubbing against each other and you can make it happen with your feet. this is very fun. well rounded, silica send, when it's passed, close up against each other. you open here, russell. a screech or i'm going to squeal. if you don't,

so on this end of the corona and spits, you'll be on st. you're going to see. now, i know that the wind is always blowing and the sand is very fine. so sand dunes don't stay in one place. how fast do they move and how do they change through time? and look back to the previous him. there was no forest on the spit. there was send, stretched across the whole area. today we can see the loan great to enrich, which is composed of the same fine see send one to send me is that speed exceeding 7 meters per 2nd to the cent pasco, jump at the end, fly around above the tunes in a constant stream. when the windows down, the sun posts cool, settle or roll off the steep slope of the tunes into the bay. but that's still kind of what sends what you see. here's the fall watching the protective beach to enrich the scene, which was billed by humans in the 19th century. over the course of several decades . the cool it protected saplings planted on the pop plane from flying send the forest kept growing. and today this do you which provides protection against line

send and see waves. what we see is a stable ridge, about 8 to 15 meters high. is covered by that station, which means there is no sand transfer to send is held together by the roots. were there all the spots which we have to protect? now, i know that the colonial lagoon is nearby. if the wind is always blowing the sand towards the lagoon, does that mean someday that lagoon will dry up and just be filled with fence? then you have lived in you a long uh, it's a uh, glove quote. the lagoon has a vast area. the several does not to choose greater than the area of remaining. white sands of the sides may be transferred to an end up in the lagoon, but they're still confined to the set. so just a few meters. this then can only raise the laguna flow by a few meters. so one thing that i've noticed while we're out here is that there, all these signs don't walk off the path, stay on the pathway. why is that what it is? yeah, because the covariance but is almost entirely covered by sun rather than will switch

taishan here is very fragile way to get off the go and it will cause the eco trail and just focus on the pos a couple of times, 7 back. it may be enough to ruin it if the rest of it then wind will set to was blowing the send away and creating a large passage. so i understand that is to protect erosion. what else are you doing to protect this part from erosion? and generally, the yellow book us, okay, let me show you one more cell versus pneumonia. now the believe the slope here is uh, just one of the techniques we used to step along as an and consent. when son comes in from the c wise and begins to move, it gets cooled by the sent to twine branches. this helps make sure that the full gene is chloe. a man is covered by vegetation. vegetation fails to grow on the slows in one season with long. so cold beach cross, the main species being beach p collette seats right here, unplug them on the slope to keep it covered,

but fonts. very cool. thank you for taking the time to show us this and for preserving this for future generations. the twin groves are also known for holding together sandy soil, and one of them has become especially popular on the crony and spit the great, thank you for bringing us out here. this is truly a pleasure. we're in the so called dancing forest. what makes these trees dance? pretty tina you 4 months is developed to the reason for the distortion of the trunks is still unknown. we're trying to research this phenomenon. the best version biologist have come up with has to do with a parasite. the pine shoot mazda the winter, and caterpillar of the month, 8050 buds, this damaging growth which custer terminals but is destroyed and side shoots begin to develop, which results in an end usual twists of the tree. so how long has this forest been

dancing and been twisting like this, and do new trees when they come up to they start to deform as well? now the money into it, the more the associated, the said, well, the, for, is the 62 years old. at the moment, it was punched in 1961, she said, even in the winter and caterpillar of the pine, should mazda prefers young trees age between 10 and 20 years. this forest has been the phone for over 30 years. we, the national park have done our in for the 3 experiments, where we plan to the young trees from our own nursery here and observe their growth . the trees, however, would get weak, dry out and die within 4 or 5 years. the cost, again, a known, we don't know why. so i know that here at the dancing force, there are a lot of legends people come up with their own crazy ideas as to why these trees dance. what's your favorite smile to be mind again, the my favorite legend is about cauldron of young, which is they are said to have frozen in the middle of it does turn it into these

twisted pines. thank you very much. the news of birds flying over the crony and spits in the following spring. it's sort of a bird bridge used for feeding and sleeping as a migrate. so that's why the world's 1st corner. so logical station was established here almost a century ago to study for migration the under the thank you very much for meeting us out here to nice. how did you hear? um, so this is a unique place. it's very interesting to me, tell me what this is and what are you do here. um that's all a field side where we started building migration and the main method to study abroad migration key analysis that that's a binding. so if we're to ring it on those lag and then let them go on. but before put in any device tracking july's reading or satellite drones, we discussed, we need to drive belts so that he,

you might see all which we use the treadmills on those. usually the small bus run those when i was specialization in general is a small bus. rainbows. they do not fly too high. usually they fly just above the top of the trees, an hour trip. let them, let us drug those using a police device to drive belts and then we're doing that. so what kind of birds do you find here? are there any species that are unique to this area of most of the bullets then not unique, but there was a spacious. that's a single, that's a huge area. go with the white tail. it's um, red book, a spacious in the our region. the regional colonial speed, the single one builds here, but of course we don't trap that, that too big on the fly, too high or low. and that's now we know that you track that migration patterns. what about global warming? how does that affect the birds and their migration patterns? of course, is it has an effective,

has an impact on the both migration and just the, the simple example that's a story with the early arrivals of the great kids. that's a small bus run boat, and we realize not only our station that's an old for the year old people are uh, realize this both started arriving early in order. but did, doesn't mean that deville could see the temperature in the region in our region, be in some way in spain, for example, no, of course not. is just the natural selection of rate is they feed the nice things with small could be less. and that's a very nutritional food and early arrivals they have in the preferences because that she speaker for the kept up it was uh, was shifted towards the early um dates because of global warming and flowering appear in on the lease on the trees shifted the peak earlier,

so those of the dates who arrived earlier, they have a preference of those will arrive later they of course they do not have the reference to so they feed later arrivals. they feed the nice things with less nutritional food we beatles and survival rates of and then that links on there. and that's of course lower and it means that natural selection likes to watch all those will arrive to that something you can actually measure. now you mentioned banding, right? yeah. so the birds that you capture here, they get these aluminum rings. yep. uh, can you show me? sure. the, so that's a boot. mm hm. these uh rings. is it going to ring wheels here?

so i take it right now, does that, why or it has a gap here. mm hm. so we just put the reading on the select libraries and as lately presses, so it's a new manual itself to material read it has to, it has to move. mm hm. so not to just show birds, it has a unique number to let us and 5 digits. mm hm. and just one of the, as an address, it's the most cool. mm hm. so anyway, anybody are in europe will a trip this mode with a reading. he or she will read most cool, written in legend, and of course it will recognize that the belt was ringed in russia. mm hm. and then they have to send the request to russian reading center, our colleagues from reading center, uh by the number they uh, they find that the belt was ring tier and they will send us a request to give them all the data. um we records here. now, so i might release it. yeah,

please. hello. if you ones you may have released me. yeah. okay. but oh just uh you can just like these uh what about like these? uh huh. uh not keep your fingers slightly not squeezed, but like, uh like, yeah. okay. and then let them go, okay, like this. yeah. and you said that there is a way to tell whether it's ready to go. it's just really, it's going to be on any. maybe you will hear the things from the bath. okay, here we go. if you're lucky, all right, here we go. for the right now, we're going on the scientific expedition to study maritime heritage. ecology of the region in the health assignment changes affecting the baltic seats.

the stretch of thanks for taking us out here so that we can have the opportunity to see you work and how you work. so today is not a good example, but the baltic is known for it's for osha's storms. with climate change, my guess is these extreme events are gonna start happening more and more. are you seeing this in your research? yeah, actually the storm activity is becoming more severe nowadays. actually the last 1020 years it's became a more aggressive and severe a. so we're actually now losing our coast for the storm. it's give it to you. so yeah, unfortunately it is. that's my next question about losing the coast clements. i'll just say that within the next 60 years or so, we're going to see the see rise, at least by meter. does that mean these white beaches that we're used to seeing on

the crony and spit in in the baltic sea region are going to be lost, but not specifically for the due to this reason, because i can refer as volt. 60 is divided from the rest of the world ocean via the dentistry. they are shallow, so we're sort of in the, our own april system. but yes, our coast is going down due to the geological reasons, because the entire coast of fall on germany and russia and this part of the baltic sea experience are strong. this aggression processors, scandinavia, on the contrary, rise to the skies. fishermen refer to this as a lake instead of a c. uh, 1st of all, why is that? and, but we do know that the salinity of the region is dropping. and why is this and what effect will that have on the climate?

i will not say there's something into it use like drop in or go in down really rapid. so it's a slow process. most 60 has to airs. oper, right? just run an deep one more sleep. so the deep one still is more sleet and bots are pro air is going less breakers and more fresh water over the years. but it's a really slow process. some of that's why fish around time to coal, both 60 uh a week. and then as a reason to ease the fact that our fish spaces are sort of more common to fish spacers that are from lakes across it, some brackish environments. so it's have low whereby a diversity. mm hm. so i guess in our industry we say we buried the lead here. i should ask you, 1st and foremost we're on a scientific expedition. what are we doing in this scientific expansion, particularly aware of that in the greenhouse gases in water, and there are solvable in water,

so it's carbon dioxide and c h 4. so with the main uh, greenhouse gas, guess is that where trying to locate in water. so it's our stopped for priority nowadays. you mentioned greenhouse gas is when i think of greenhouse gases, i think of the atmosphere and the air that we breathe. i don't think of underwater greenhouse gas as what are they, how are they different and how do you actually track them extra? it's the same thing. how is guess is from in up this year and in the ocean bought, they can go from here to the ocean and from the oceans to the 1st year. so it's on land and cycle in between the hydro seer i to spear and actually disappear. so yeah, all these guesses can be gaps through the feeder plan, credenza will plants and go interested in the bottom settlements. and so in total interest year. so there are the same as each for carbon dioxide. so it's no

difference about our world ocean and sees the they are actually nowadays saving us to the take and accessories, carbon dioxide from the us this year, into the water and then into bottom settlements. i guess my devil's advocate. the question is, how do you come that greenhouse gases in the ocean, and is there an actual need to do so? so there are 2 types of gas, there's in the ocean. the 1st one is that in cases that came from the address here . and that's why we don't buy them in the ocean. actually, it's bad to, to fight them from the very start from the very beginning, from the, our plans, from our cars, from humanity itself. and the 2nd part, it's those gases like c h 4 which came from organic reach, bottom settlements. and they are going into the watch or from boss from settlements . and in this point, they're also sort of unbearable in this situation because it's a natural cost. it's not human impact,

right. so it's hard to mitigate. it's all connected, isn't it? yeah, i don't wanna keep you from your work any longer, so we'll let you get back to it. but thank you very much for taking the time talk to us. thank you very much, the so low. thank you for taking the time to meet us out here or take us out here really. um, i know that you are at the time intelligence yourself, but you have interesting experience with maritime cultural heritage. so the baltic is known as the sea of sunken ships. why so many shipwrecks out here and how is it going this reputation? and we'll just go more than just looking. i'm waiting for a couple of them from the baltic. sea is relatively small and it's also a semi in close see, which means that suffers from a great deal of human activity in tennessee traffic and session offshore oil and

gas production, the construction of canals, etc. so of course, all the objects we find under waters at the bottom of the sea, our results of human activity, both now and in the past i checked on my 1st, i should also mention that the baltic sea is cold, with significant fresh water in flow. this creates a perfect environment for the preservation of these underwater wrecks sides, allowing them to last for a very long time. besides the naval ship were i'm known as to redone, nevada is isn't truly found in the baltic sea. it's an organism that destroys, wouldn't ship. and that's why we have so many well preserved shipwrecks. finally, another big factor is the legacy of world war 2. after the war, some of the ships loaded with chemical weapons were intentionally sunk here in the baltic sea. my understanding is that a shipwreck that it has even been down there, maybe a 100 years has an effect on the culture of the baltic system. is this true and uh, what can we do about it? um, especially on facts with,

i'm considered homeless. so this is not entirely true because what in ships don't typically harm the environment? yes. but the vessels that were scott of caring, chemical weapons, or ships loaded with fuel, could certainly have an impact on the eco system. these are older ships and the chemicals leaking into the environment could cause a rep, purple damage. if we're talking about fuel, then it's absolutely a threat. but in case of mustard gas, which is denser than water, it will mostly drift along the sea, but gradually diffusing. but nevertheless, it could also do a reversible harm to the ecology or you deal with the recipient of it. let's assume you mean yes and you prefer you model assistance. so it seems to me there's also a paradox. if it's too dangerous and too expensive to go down and actually clean up a shipwreck and this shipwreck will be poisoning the baltic. what can we do about

it and what type of solutions are there and so forth. so the problem with recovering something shipped isn't even the cost of foxes, but rather the matter of safety, like i said, the ships are quite old and the munition shows they carry are corroding and getting center. it is much safer to leave them as is because the mustard gas, which is obviously very dangerous, is also a very dense guys. some sit will do less damage for lease gradually into the environment. lifting the wreckage up and disturbing the metal would do more harm. therefore, the best option is probably not to disturb the wreckage and leave it be the same as for wooden ships, there is a different sort of challenge there. they are incredibly hard to preserve once on land exposed to the atmosphere. when the environment changes, they immediately start breaking down. the ships remain preserved and cold and moderately sold to water for a long time. keeping a wooden ship recovered from the bottom of the sea is

a massive challenge. so it's always a hard question whether the ship is really worth recovering. now. um, what i think of shipwrecks, i think of a lot of things pirates, i think of scuba diving, but uh for me, i'm interested in what's been the most exciting discovery for you uh, recently um, with mazda of, i'm not sure if you 2 years ago, an expedition of ours found a ship about 50 meters long and 7 meters wide. we found it at a depth of about 26 meters. there was a science and education expedition, and in fact, it was a female student from one of our local universities who found the ship while on watch. the russell itself had not been previously identified. later upon investigation, it turned out to be a french fishing boat song by a soviet pilot. he was never awarded to ship as a trophy. however, this is probably a bit of a surprise for many people,

but not for us who study to see and deal with marine time heritage. it really is a misconception that the seat is now small. that every nook and cranny has been explored. it's actually far from that. we continue to find pieces of the past on the c bed. very cool. now if you don't mind me asking um, not just ship racks but cost. so from my clientele, just the perspective to bring your joy to know that god you're making a difference and trying to save the world. really donald, just of course you're sure. yeah. so there's this feeling that climates ologist paleo claim intelligence experts and climate modeling nothing to do with fashion. i'm talking about people who design predictive models of climate change. there's a feeling that we can actually have an impact on our future on the future of our children. i know it might sound a bit dramatic, but it feels like we're saving the planet that we're part of this collective efforts that we can influence and change the world around us. at least when it

comes to the ocean and the sea. thank you for taking the time to talk to me. i'll let you get back to work. thank you. the a, a,

[000:00:00;00] the in 1943 at the height of world war 2, bengal was hit by famine. a year before jeff and his troops drove the rate is out of neighboring vermont and came close to the indian possessions of the british empire. london's response to the threat was completely inadequate. the british actively used the scorched earth policy. while retreating, they turned everything around them into an uncouth deserts, having no mercy on other people's territory. food in large amounts was exported to great britain from the starving provinces. boats used for fishing and transporting food along the river system more confiscated from the local population. the barbaric actions of the colonial administration led to a month various consequences can

a year up to $3800000.00 people die from starvation and disease caused by mail nutrition. though great britain itself had enough resources to overcome that disaster. at the same time, 170000 tons of australian wheat made its way fast starving in the debris. it is aisles. i hate indians. they are a beasley people with a beastly religion. the famine was their own fault for breeding like rabbits, british prime minister, winston churchill commented on the reports of the tragedy. the famine of 1943 became the climax in the british policy of genocide against the indian population. according to historians, from 12 to 29000000 people overall died from starvation alone during the reign of the british in india. yeah, the israel says it's war a missed the destruction to come off. is that the been realistically possible?

just destroying come us entail the destruction of the palestinian people in gaza. then there's the question of who will roll gaza and after the war, so many questions without answers. in the midst of the shower and the bone, the soldier monument was erected in 1947 in the estonian capital by the soviets. authorities, originally, bells above a burial site of troops remains its memorials of the soldiers who gave their lives in world war 2. and we'll say that's good, but i need to go to the department in the morning and for the for really transition in 2007, the stony and government decided to relocate the monument from the city center for the year on the printer by me to

a to really the frustrated to move divided the population. estonia is large of russian speaking community strongly opposed. it's an intense rising growth, college and talent visa has since become known as the bronze night drive across which is the default site as well found. i'll shape a hospital in garza city. striking comm, elizabeth tends to evacuate. wounded egypt. eye witnesses believe casualties. i mean the 100 also at the front of the, from the public opinion desk sold tops 9000 guys and just struggling to find their relatives among the survivors. we had the story of display civilians taking care of a we did go to spend so,