don't know, don't know, let me 3, you're interrupting me now. what do you mean now you interrupt? no b. so let me finish. oh, you something else i find the i fi jaime offensive. as someone who has many, many dozens of members were killed in the genocide of a holocaust as people and they are many in quarter who suffered 1500000 people killed by the ottomans during the genocide for you to call. when it's 2200000 people in gaza and only yes, only 12000 were killed in oh we're with come us. you called at the gym. so i think i need to buy you a dictionary. so you can look up the district definition of genocide that is not genocide visual about trying to purposely kill innocent people. p a israel trying to kill him off the hiding in a residential area. it's a war and we're sucks and innocent. people get killed in war and if you think that's a genocide, read a few more books, watch a few more movies about the genocide and the jewish genocide of a hook up. and then we'll see what's going on. it is not a genocide. there was a couple of other things you said that i disagreed with,

but i don't remember them because it was still far back. chatham inside the, as i said, this is a news program. and on a full show program we have savvy one. i've out of time, but i thank you both, daddy, we can pick this up again another time. thanks again for your time. thank you. thank you. uh, i heated debates in the that was a lot of fun, but the stay tuned will the back of the top of the out with more international updates. we'll see you then the the many places in the world where you can meet fairs, wales, forth as a seal, as and so many other wild see these all against the backdrop of

a fire breathing volcanoes. i'm john thomas. this is your, my vision, and welcome to the mattress. it is the, the they're not that many places in the world where you need fairs. wells, horses, see lions, and so many other wild spaces, all against the backdrop of fire breathing volcanoes. thomas, this is in my visions and welcome to the magic. it is from shop to the

truck up both the highest recorded density of brown hair is on the very end of the current, not skiing nature. reserve is where we can get close to them in their natural habitat. alexi must look, has been watching and studying wild life here at the reserve for years. the thanks for taking the time to bring us out here so close to the bears. they say that come chuck goes home to about 5 percent of the bear population of why construct the why here? why is it so good? and so how many are here? this reserves coming from truck is a lot of salt. come chap, cover the time to about 24226000 best. would you move? the battery is a symbol of come check like volcanoes with another important symbol, but i'm not sure how to rank them. there is some, and i've given this through, it's the only place on us where all 6 pieces of pacific simon have this point in

ground. so it's the main source of nutrition for this because because the main goal in life is defined enough food to eat for the winter, or if it's a matter of survival, come childcare is very sparsely populated. most of its wild to add to that the abundance of fish and you have perfect conditions for a high concentration of bands. at least that's what i think. how many bears are specifically here on the reserved? you know, it's hard to say how many there are and there was a right now that migrating this with the tier one, i'll get a coast to about 15 to 20 best. i've been observing them on a regular basis. these are just the ones that are phishing along the coast and in the river mouth. so it's all up to estimate how many a higher up the river. we believe there are about 2000. as in the reserves that migrates, are we the so these figures fluctuate and that the concentration remains quite high . voltage us right now, we can see 2 beds here to the more over there and still more

a coming through we. we know that they come here to feed, they're getting ready for the winter, and so they're feeding on the fish. we know that come shatka is the only place left where all 6 pacific species of salmon come to home to spawn. what is that all about? and how important is that to, for the bears, the, i've been observing fish for more than 4 decades. and this is still something mystical to me. it all begins in late may when you for your score, the one of a sudden you have a great schools of fish coming so fast, you know, some and then so, okay most and then think some of the most widespread spacing. so units and millions of fish and just appear out of nowhere were coming here all the time for a month. now you high tide, all low tide, but most likely it's pink salmon at the moment, but soon it'll be trim seminar and co seminars. and then it's a mystery to me because my friends used to say it, all gods will perfect. so very suitable. but whether this cycle makes salmon special on the growing mature in the ocean before coming back to school on and died

after they die, their bodies break down into a number of biogenic components. but the way you do things provide feeds of primary food chains. fighter blinking and soup clinton, which in turn saves fluid for others. so the parents desk gives life to their off spring. that's it in a nutshell. now i've heard that all life, not just the bears, but all life in come check a revolves around fish. why is that the official, the foundation of life here? what's your mainly it's food, you know, there's really a lot of is, as i said, like being around fish all my life. it's mind boggling is the latest data for this . he shows that about 400000 tons of in court so far. it's huge for her and you see there is no piling or something like, but it's nature which forms the backbone of the real economy and sustains the animals and people who live here. it couldn't be any other way back to the bears. how much fish can i bare actually eat during this time period when they're getting

ready for winter? there were several studies by us and the canadian scholars to show an adult day i can eat up to 30 or 45th, about 60 kilograms of day. instead of going to someone run begins with them. if they're hungry, they eat the fish whole buick. later when the batteries are full and we'll get picky and sometimes just eat the best. that's a good towards the end of that just filling up what space they have left. so they switched them pine cousins, mushrooms rather than berries, and selling it with a good face has the staple. now, we've been told all our lives to stay away from bears, and we've got one coming up close to us right now. are we faced by god? yes, we all sofa got used. he's the that was very interesting. okay. so a bear, it's quiet. it can run incredibly fast. it is strong. it can crush

a car like engine can. um so what do we do? like if a bear comes to us like how do we not provoke a bear? oh i'm sure, yeah, there are certain rules. that's the minimum safe distance. when he approached us, that was almost too close of the americans have strict standards than we do with them. they believe the minimum safe distance is 80 yards. just now we are much closer than 80 yards. each of these animals live in a place where encounters with humans are extremely rare instances. but i think that instinctively, they feel that humans a higher beings. and i don't know if they realize that i have a gun, but their main job right now is just to eat and gain body fat as lounge animal solution. another concern they have is to expend as little energy as possible. what's the model that they need to acquire the food in the most energy efficient way? so when most of priority for them right now is moving, they have their own business to take care of. is what needs to happen for

a bear to attract human. but i think it's almost always the human soul, so that when you break a rule, intrude into the mass space. and then i work with the most dangerous situation is an encounter with a female. they haven't come because she instinctively protects children. you don't want to be anywhere near the cubs whole between them and the mother that would be very dangerous. so you'll keep your eyes open and to be aware of it, but also don't humanize stomach step very dangerous, wild animals that can be unpredictable because it would take them seconds to cover the $20.00 to $30.00, meet the distance. and now in case i wouldn't even have time to raise my gun about then each animal is different. i've been watching this group for over a month. now. we've got to move them a little over the group and they will have different patterns of behavior. i know which ones to keep away from somebody as are easily scared. other sounds that can

be quite a branch where you need to analyze every situation separately. it is said that um the bears, their own behavior has been changed by humans. uh, what does that mean? like the bass must have no contact with human smells or human food. so they've got some good the idea that it can be easier to obtain the file and that's a rule number one, and it's a must corporate as soon as a bad taste, something that's easy to get some. and so it comes begging for more than one, the understanding of approval is beds like old, other animals need to eat all the time. so they always choose the easiest and most convenient way to get nutrition for that huge mass of meat and muscle with acumen garbage is of cost is very convenient for that purpose. with him, with a view that you've been at us for a while, your experience has there ever been a time where you've come face to face one on one was a bare and you were scared in that situation. how did you handle it? tell me about it. let me know if you know my time of living and places like this

one, i've had thousands upon thousands of there in kansas is that there have been situations where i probably made mistakes and i found myself literally face to face with a bath. but um, link, since theres 2 but you know, one of those cases the best though did best to go away. i've never had to use a gun. no screening device. well here for sure. i think i've been careful enough. but such a count as are unavoidable when you are living in the wild, especially on pause, and in places with shrubs or tool draws. it's a fact of life. so, but then again there are certain rules. you should make a lot of noise when you're walking. although then there's a chance you may not hear a better pricing profile. so in count as a highly likely with you should try to avoid them. some people including some of my colleagues, say beds and there was a stain dressing color. i think they are very dangerous, that treacherous, unpredictable and dangerous animals, but i've been lucky sofa as well. thank you very much for taking the time to speak

to us out here. it's been fascinating conversation and i just want to say stay safe with you. thank you. the majestic brandwell is one of the oldest mammals on our planet. one saved from the brink of extinction. scientists are trying to learn more about the 3 wheels roaming some chunk of shores. dr. alexander board is a marine biologist working as a criminal nature reserve. first of all, thank you for coming out and bring us to this beautiful location. so we can learn about wells. and i'm gonna ask about all the bank. it's set to be the most important part of the nature reserve. why is it so important to the

reserve and what role do wells play in that echo system? even though where to go? basically, if it's because gray whales come to olga by, they migrate from the waters of mexico along the pacific coast of north america. all the way up to own goodbye was called for a few days. here. they go to another feeding ground near sort of in, in period 2. and they both olga bay and pill tune by our central feeding grounds for gray wales. because that's where mother's nursing that cars come your way need to be feeding all the time. you sees here, unlike the waters of mexico and along the pacific seaboard, basically a wireless cafeteria where they spend most of that time around 7 to 8 months skilfully for migrating back south to makes can legos, where they made and give us a detailed message. you mentioned this idea of a solo or, or cafeteria. uh, that's very interesting to me. so like what brings them specifically here and to

this day, like what do they feed on and how many of them are actually here? looks fairly hit. if the gray, why always the only bends of age among why or supply you the only space is what feeds on been so. so organisms that live on hold onto the surface of the sea floor, nothing good. that's why. oh good by. is it perfect? feeding ground for them. well, well, spend quite a lot of time easing invertebrates as well. ok. so i think it's interesting that's very wells are coastal creatures. they prefer shallow waters. why is that? the average feeding depth of gray whales is about 5 to 10 meters? sometimes even the breaking waves on the service or in the battery, seeing however they go to depths of 70 or 80 meters because the organisms they would choose to eat dwelling coastal areas. now very well is also considered this area, i guess rest area maybe before they go on their big,

long journey of about 20000 kilometers. how can they take on such a big swim and how long does it take them to make that journey? well, the 1st step we, some of the track south takes about 8 to 10 weeks pulling in your ride. it's about 10000 kilometers. one way, this is gray whales travel this distance pretty quickly. you know, it takes some 10 days to reach. so i lean from olga bay, which is about 1000 kilometers. what about your job? i know that you cheerfully study which wells are which should tell them apart, identify them. uh, how do you do that? and why is it so important? we run a photographic identification program and maintain the catalog of the gray. well, so adding photos of new ones every year when we encounter them. most people we've been able to identify as many as 340 gray whales here and his family. and so far, we know what each of them looks like. we give them names, but we keep monitoring those who show up here on the stage. you know, for example,

any pregnant females or like chasing females, who do cool malnourished wells that need multi food thing. and use radio tags or any other mechanisms to keep track of them living with we've been using satellite tagging to track them. tanks are applied elsewhere, not here. i regret to say that our program has benefitted through collecting all sorts of data about the gray whales migrating from mexico to cycling to olga by you know, blood videos quickly believe we have some what about the relationship of the grey wells themselves with each other? do they travel in groups? how do they take care of their little ones? what's that like? a tier 3 wells, travel alone as a rule and generally so we often observe them in groups of 2 or 3. a naturally, females travel with the comes females teach the young whales to find the feeding grounds. and they remember them as long as they live, which explains why wales keep returning to the same place. the whole lifelong game

was such as north and south in an olga bay city. and now it's my understanding that very wells were once known as the devil fish, because they put up a fight against the people who are trying to harpoon them. now, the pacific ocean is coming to get us, but now they actually have changed their behavior a little bit. they're more friendly, they're known to interact with people. what can we say that this change of behavior is attributed to the main reason this, the green whales are no longer hunted in such large quantities as before. their country limits established and updated by the international waning commission in the i w c. so because they go to the i w c that keeps monitoring the population of wells and make sure annual cash limits. we can't do any home to it. who or what would you say is the biggest threat to re wells and their last impact lation?

well, the major threat comes anyway from humans, as i already mentioned, gray whales migrate over here for the sake of the feeding ground. so what's the, when, if humans interfere in any way, we can invite on the feeding routine and that can be harmful for the animals. video watch is also highly of actively developed oil fields. so human activity is quite intense. then there was size, make exploration works on the way the ships and helicopters in the area, lifeline construction activities, and so on as the new site homeless showing it disturbs the life of the wireless that they haven't been any tragic incident so far. the blue gray wells are and some of the oldest animals on the planet. they've been around for about 30000000 years, how they've been able to stay here for so long and how they change. if they've changed, i doubt they've changed much individual. the gray whales with is the species that

has no competition in the animal kingdom. steve lucian, boss of gray, wales means they can find food anyway and shall know coastal walters that have signed on much people in this. yeah, they have no competing spaces on this. explains how they stayed around for so long that both a video, the we are on our way to cape zillow, need not only to take of this breathtaking scenery, but to speak with tatiana hugo, which was part of the far east rush out oregon project news . tatiana, thanks for bringing us up here so we can see where you work. it's

a fascinating place. i want to get right down to it. the social structures of workers is kind of unique kind of strange. my understanding is that they always stay with their mother as a family throughout their entire life. is this normal? yes, it is. it's normal for fish eating or coasts, both male and female to spend their entire life with their mother. more than that, any or goods born by younger females also spend their entire life following their grandmother. grandmothers are the founders of a klein, if you like, and the org is have a very well developed social networks. other types of orchids have a social structure that's a bit different, isn't always the mother or a female, at least that is in charge of the pon. floors must cuz it's very hard to say what kind of relationship they have between them. but it appears it is indeed a female orca, who is the founder of her family and leader of the group. as a matriarch, a mother and a grandmother,

it is the oldest female specialist. i'm kinda what are the relationships like within the group itself? so i understand that the children help the elderly, they take turns and caring for each other, sometimes even they share their food. talk to me a little bit about that. mm hm. cassette org is do share their food. so the adult females share food with their children, even when they are full grown adults. female or cars are known to share food with their adults mailed defendants for more often, though, food sharing occurs for the benefit of younger cubs. the truth is there's still not much we know about the relationship between or cause and how they take care of each other. i was the one thing we know is that the survival rate for male and female or cuz if the mother orca dies is different when a female orca dies for male descendants start dying to day as well. her female descendants carry on seemingly unaffected this like we know this as a fact for it, but we still don't know the reason behind it. it's just an easier for me. now, you've been watching carefully over the wheels locally here and i know they're not

wells, but uh, i, as you know the families and you can tell them apart individually. how is that possible? talk to me like how you can do that because look us up. it's possible to identify individual or caused by the shape of the sparks on their back and scratches on their skin, the shape of fins and scars, i can identify about a 100 or codes. i know they're individual numbers. we give them all numbers and names. uh, yeah, i've been monitoring what happens to them since 2002. mm hm. what about the language? i understand that different groups of or cuz have their own dialects. i guess when the org families that use similar dialects for communication are related, there are also families with the different dialogues. and that means they are not related to the same. we consider them belonging to different plans. it's a meeting most often occurs between orcus from different clans. it's possible that their dialects help them choose preferable meeting partners. mm hm. do you have the

ability to decipher their language? can we understand them? the truth is we can't we, we can't understand them and it's very challenging research and technical terms. and you know, the, i mean, it's very hard to report underwater. the sounds produced by individual or cuz the hydrophone, we use records all the sounds and the ocean around it. and i think we're still waiting for a breakthrough in technologies that would enable us to record the sounds made by or cause more efficiently. so can i get out because dialects are part of their culture, they're passed down from generation to generation. and that's not something they're born with that it has to be learnt. and it's the focus of present day research. but we don't know what the individual sounds they may need. that's hard to know for the rest of them. you know, as far as i know, workers are predators and they do things as a group. they hunt as a group. in fact, they even have the ability to coordinate complex movements,

which is chilling in some cases. talk to me about that and like how they're able to organize it's kind of similar process. so good question. when you, i'd like to know the answer to it to is in line, i'm not sure how they do it. i guess they communicate, acoustically. maybe they use other methods besides sounds pretty much. sometimes we see different groups in the water keeping their distance and staying silent. suddenly they all turn simultaneously and begin moving in a different direction. so they communicate, but we don't know how. it is amazing how coordinated their actions can be at times when or cause hunt a well or fish together. so it is very impressive. i the me now i know that they have this massive dorsal fin. it can go up to 2 meters. i also know that in captivity it can bend over. why do they need this fan and why does this particular body parts so important? um, it's the cost of only male or cars have this long fend,

that can be up to $180.00 or $200.00 centimeters. females have shorter since it probably has to do with sexual de marxism. when males and females look different, this means there is competition, sexual selection on the males compete with each other for a female, right? and that's why males are generally bigger with larger pictorial fins. 40 i guess the bigger male, when's the female during meeting? but this aspect hasn't really been researched and yes, they've bent their friends and captivity because they can't move fast. the time you go to workers are really fast, definitely, and their blood circulation. props up defense. here we have an orca called willy. and his friend is also bent. that's how torres to boat captains recognize him is i guess he got sick at some point and now he can't swim as fast. that's why his friend is bent upon me. interesting. now i know that um they show signs of intellect, but can we save it or does have an intellect?

are they truly intelligent creatures? do they have emotions? do they think uh, talk to me. what are your thoughts on that? yeah, i don't doubt the fact that they have an intellect and experience emotions like many other animal. well, it is a difficult aspect to study because they don't have typical physical expressions. when we look at monkeys or dogs, we can see some external attributes that show emotions, regression, joy, etc. it is much harder with or cuz we like we know about golf instead, when they flap their tails, this signals irritation, aggression. so this is something that we will have to research, but they definitely experience emotions. when i phone orchestra for a drone, i see how they hug tap on each other's bodies with their friends. there is affections the little um, something that i have to ask about considering it's gotten the world's attention around spain and portugal or cars are going and playing maybe,

but i was thinking boats are taking off the rudder. but also scientists have noticed that this behavior starting to spread around the world, is it possible that the workers in spain are telling their friends, hey, you have to try this? this is fun document. what do you think about this phenomenon called a substance or cause are very social breaking ships is like a cultural tradition for them. now maybe a couple of org cuz tried it 1st. they liked it and spread the work, talk off with them. there might have been some exchange between groups. we'll see. but they're so called the cultural traditions can be spread from one oregon to another from perfect for thoughts can. thank you very much. spend an incredibly interesting conversation and i look forward to seeing them out here. that's good luck to you and to us all. thank you. the

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the russian states never is as tight as i'm one of the most sense community best. most all sun set up the same assistance must be the one else calls question about this, even though we will then in the european union, the kremlin machine, the state on the russians cruising and split the ortiz full neck, even our video agency, roughly all the band on youtube, the fitness center. for what question did you say a request? a

phase of this the yes, again 57 be will i report to be killed during this with the asked like in rough off in the south all over the balloon is fill every inch of space in hospital southern to cope with the scale of the crisis in the north of the old place, letting children casualties of the complex day of them is during whose on my legs they are sit stopped, but i am alone. my family doesn't know what happened to me. i can't stand up. i want to go home more than anything.