you, which he says, takes orders from washington. and of course, the western hedge amount to run world kindly on its way out. we spoke with an assistant professor at the job, a had a little natural university in new delhi, on the sidelines. and according to him, briggs plays an important role in the region security and the economic develop. and i think this is a good thing, ideally helpful for development of it. you know, the structures are providing that institution for security for the going on. the block mandate is very much involved in and bix seal as the have already like aussie onset and a jump and you'd open union certainly jump in. so why not global assault and disunity, and community getting them together on modest is to not only solving that that is not secure detect, but also dealing with the non traditional to go do effects of the problem to which is that it's best to create any savings so that's nice to developing, such kind of a started and i'm sure to fix that for a bit. you started this dog with this. you also, and it's yours talking with the some of the negation. so that's nice that we are

seeing the different effects of the development off of like, connecting more with the different countries, different or teams that will be nice to come on the table and talk about this, this entity is like the i've seen that it's empowered for the emerging india is emerging in a larger scale and j not be at also saying that it's like emerging in a, in a lot lot disk. and so of course, this entity is going to be i as you and sent it in there. and do this out is going to play a prominent role as we have seen in the g 20. also building that in the dark. save that, we know the support the optic on union membership in the group. so the yeah, i'm showed that and you'll that's how it is going to be a problem. a put them in enrolling into the politics. we know a rush, it will be chairing breaks next. year and when one considers western jewel political shenanigans and sanctions against the developing world, as certainly seems clearer and clearer each and every day. for the bricks,

members in global south, and now the recognized adults in the world. this is the hello i'm manila chan you are tuned into modus operandi. the so called us pivot to the pacific is under way, but at terms actually kind of deceiving. while being general public attention is placed on taiwan. there are quiet or more subtle moves being made in asia to counter china. today, we'll take a look at mongolia, landlocked between 2 superpowers. china and russia. for the u. s. has labeled enemies when mongolia falls to western pressure. we'll discuss it. all right, let's get into the m o. the thousands of years ago,

mongolia was the eastern military power dominating across the region. riding on horseback toward modern day, your journey gets con, lead his so called hoard to congress, thousands and thousands of miles of territory forever entering his name and a world history. the mongol empire was once the largest contiguous land empire ever but fast forward some millennial later after a stint in the soviet union and then it's a bench will collapse. in the early 19 ninety's, mongolia has largely remained out of international news. until now, a country of only some 4000000 people, most of whom live in abject poverty, the prime minister. oh, you are dean loops and almost right. made a trip to washington dc to meet with vice president campbell harris. secretary of state anthony linkedin and other bite and admin officials,

president biden did not meet with them, uncle and pm, but that didn't change the reason for the trip. the mongolian liter signed this country up to be a member of the multi lateral open skies treaty that would make for mutual cooperation of air space and commercial flights. so this all in hopes that the deal would help boost the country's economic position. but as the saying goes, the devil is in the details. joining us to talk about this and the new attention towards greater asia will bring in a friend of the show. our share comment off. he is a political analyst and consultant based in curtis dawn. he's got experience working with the u. n and the world back. so our share, recently over the summer, the prime minister of mongolia made a trip to washington dc where he's signed onto the us multi lateral open skies

treaty, which the us already has with a $130.00 other countries. the treaty on its face purports to be about opening the sky to commercial and cargo flights between countries, which obviously would help increase trade. so while much of that is true, is it also true that open skies treaties to come with permission for the us to use mongolia skies for reconnaissance flights and vice versa? menu a, this is the case actually open skies the trees though is tricky. and so there is a high possibility that to some countries as how those treat is to use open space for various purposes, including reconnaissance missions. and that's precisely the reason why my role is neighbors such as china and russia are concerned, they're deeply concerned. so china has been voicing so that if concerns that the us

is conducting a reconnaissance missions for 4 or 4 years and so of, and russia, you know, as you, as you know, now it's in the state of war. so russel also made its concerns clear. so, and there's no way mongolia can assure that openness guys treaty will not be used by the us to conduct a record of suspicion. so it's very hard to establish that to look at this point. we can say that the open sky streets, they're just open and so of, and those concerns about china and russia should be taken seriously actually to. so skeptics to this new collaboration, which the american vice president described as just strengthening ties. the skeptics say this relationship is more about what the us wants from mongolia, and that would be one to drive a wedge between mongolia and its neighbors, to the north, russia, and neighbors, to the south, china, and then to,

to have access to, to procure or extract some of the vast mineral wealth in mongolia such as gold, copper, and other rare, or minerals, which are estimated to be valued at roughly 3 trillion us dollars. and we should note that your own country, curtis don, has similar mineral wealth or the skeptics, right? so about mongolia look, skeptics are right, in this case, the thing is the united states, it makes no secret that it wants mongolia to be on the side of the western world in this 2 political rivalry. the thing is over the past several digits, starting from the 1990 spells 1991 goal. yeah, it was able to shed a chuckle from the soviet union. the united states has invested billions of dollars a lot of efforts to make mobile a model democracy. so that other neighbors,

including countries in the central asian region, take example from one goal. so the us has a vested interest. there were a number of events in goal that, that to we can democracy in the eyes of the us officials. so, but now sticks are too high, and so the united states wants to cheap mongolia as a country. it wants to keep its resources away from russia and china and be useful mongolia prosperity. and it was to remain a democracy. and a d on the side of a democratic world. and of course my goal is in a very difficult situation, just like the central asian regions. it has deep ties with china, 90 percent of its expos go to china. 90 percent of the mobile is hydro power resource oil gas come from russia. so one goal is vary depending on those 2 powerful neighbors. but it also wants to preserve really good relations with the

united states. mongolia wants to keep that image as a, as a shining democracy on a hill, a very bad, also, tara neighborhood. and there are a lot of my goal is to go up with this belief that they are different, that they are a nation that has the lower, has passed, it has had an issue of congress. and now all these people, especially younger generation, you want to be a, uh, strong democracy and it wants to be like a, like a connected to the west of the world. but it's at the same time there, cognizant that without russia and china is a country memorial. lots of lots. so it's a conundrum. when you let me go in officials in order to see this, they are finding themselves between a rock and a hard place. on the one hand, they want to use their resources to kind of, to explore that to the west, to the east. so they want to preserve good relations with both of the worlds, but it's hard to sit on the 2 chairs and hang up in these hard times,

a testing my goal is patients. meanwhile, mongolia a green several years ago to the c, m r a. c. the china, mongolia, russia, economic court or what's done prairie road. now for china, this falls under their b. r i, the belt in rhode initiative, or what some might say the new silk road that rail starts in china is 10. gin goes through central mongolia and then north into rushes, siberia and quarter. so this one vastly improved mongolia has import export capabilities, given that, you know, as a landlocked country. what is the attitude about initiatives such as this across that region? well, the general attitude of the people in the region, including the mobile and essentially asian countries, is highly positive. any arrangement in with china and russia involved? it's a good news from one goal that people and the central asian populations. so there's lovins, you $1001.00 goal is already part of numerous organizations involving china and

russia. sean, hard for you to cooperation. i see on the score of others, world trade organization, someone who is the low, those international inter public organizations. and they also want to, they want their goods to be explored all over the world. but there's also some skepticism . my goal is the country of less than 4000000 people. and there's a certain number of organizations where you can be effectively a member, you know, of these organizations, the carol of obligations. and they did tax resources as well as the ownership of the government, which is already strained by so many commitments as so many projects internally and externally. so the question on the minds of skeptics is this, can we pull this new initiative off? do we have the resources we have the stamina to carry through. so and my goal is to realize that they are overstretched. so,

but nobody can't stand the d sending issue where china is, is one of the parties. so i think that there's positive editors enthusiasm, but there's also concerns. there's quite concerned yes, sanctions and the like. now we've seen the us do this already all around the world . all right, coming up next one goal, we're is stuck between a rock and a hard place. i'm referring to the ceo and nato. we'll discuss it when we return with alice are coming up so tight. the ammo will be right back. the the

take a fresh look around, there's a life kaleidoscopic, isn't just a shifted reality distortion by power to division with no real live indians. fixtures designed to simplify all confused who really would say better wills, and is it just as a chosen few. fractured images presented as 1st? can you see through their illusion going underground can the, [000:00:00;00]

the is already those lines as can be started by line piece can be started by a true importance of we can never be of a station. so that transparency is an extraordinary drawn. mystic trees then just succeeded in finding the documents that existed in making them available to the world public. i mean, what could be more holding back by publishing information and sharing information with the public. he was exercising the rights for

a speech he did so in the public interest wants to so long realize tend smith and golf and, and honestly, to relate to seriously, i know why advice may attempt to know who is the guy that illegal anymore wisely bought the adjustments for to be on box weighing a 175 used to go through a distance. it's all we going to lift that, stay the welcome back to the m. o i manila chad. we are back with alice. your comment off. he is a geo political analyst based and curtis sound. thank you for staying with us, alistair. so let's talk more specifically about mongolia as domestic circumstances, according to transparency dot org on the countries corruption perception index.

mongolia is right among some of the most corrupt countries in the world. there are only 64 other countries in the world with worse scores. what's driving that perception and what would help improve it's ranking in the world. when you uh, i'm encouraged on it, but encourage done, we closely observe we what, what happens in the goal it because what happens there will have strong repercussions for us and we are developing along similar lines. so we, we both were pursuit of coming to stage. we. ready both of these countries we suffer from fluid or corrupt bureaucracies, as well as a decrepit crumbling infrastructure and just like mongolia. curtis don also has problems with these. a powerful business leads could have told ties to really establishment. so, but one thing above one goal is that it's a small country and you would think that in the small country we're population is

less than 3 and a half 1000000. that would be stronger oversight, overcome a bureaucracy and institutions. but the reality is quite complex. so we know that the local officials, they fight with corruption, they have all these initiatives. but at the same time, there are strong suspicions among people that will, there's a lot of corruption. the thing is media, the magnolia. it claims that it's open and all that, but a lot of jews, they use self censorship because they're afraid of these business. the leads to control the goal and so they use self censorship. so without strong media, without strong watch dogs, it's very hard to fight corruption. most importantly, one village you order for you has a place rule, vast country. so you go to alone bought the capital, it's just flourishing. it's just a lot of money in that city, but outside loan butter in the regions, you know, those rural areas,

the development, the one bothering sea salt, trickling down. and the reason is that traveling from bloomberg because of those distant ridges is quite problematic. the roads network, our networks are developing, but is there still so many kind of a there's, there's need for, there's room for improvement. so when you have a vast country it's, it's hard to travel to this, the region. so it's hard for officials in low motor to cheap oversight over those drill grass in the region. so there's this geography. so, and then there's this a role of history as a communist country, formerly communist country. google inherited a lot of corrupt institutions, as well as the government officials watch doing board for good or officials. they steal cherry strong ones, although some young democrats and reformers have come to power. so there is this a struggle for control over the country between young reformers and the old soviet

era. nomic le tour. uh like a buick. buick drop or so in some it's a complex country. and so ordinary people just like in the central asian region have lost hope. there had been a number of uprising, so revolutions. all of them were rooted in a high corruption in government. so business interests that have ties to china. they also play a big role. and we know that the china is not known for democratic control over or scanned them. and so my goal is actually is andres lisa from china, and they're all the business interests going back and forth. so the, some people, some skeptic believe the ties with a bone democracies explains it wise instruction, but such concerns, of course, they might be overstated. generally, i think that there's just popular content or how they're going. but as long as we mentioned before, mongolia is landlocked between 2 superpowers, russia and china. they're members of the seo,

the shanghai cooperation organization. but they're also what's called a needle partner, where they're not signatories or full members. rather, they've signed a memorandum of cooperation with the block, or the one goal is hedging their bets here in terms of security, do you foresee a time in future that they might have to choose sides one walk over the other? one thing is that, well, that has been under this pressure for centuries, manila is a country, it has been on the influence of so many large power. so since the time of getting you called in, and so even today we see the strong rivalry and the main goals. they've proved great diplomats and skilful negotiators for now they managed to keep this geopolitical rivalry in control and they've played the cards well. but

things are getting harder and harder, and the officials them acknowledge that how was this west and the sanctions against russia. things are becoming very difficult. so what we should keep in mind that the main goal is not going to enjoy new to any time soon. and this part of the partnership for peace or for some of the programs, but the web goal is part of needle. they don't include membership, they're not even close to them. so they provide me with a chance to train their soldiers along with some new troops. but nothing more, nothing less than that. and so my goal is aware of that, and it's actually a showcasing partnership with, with nato. there's just a symbolic, a practical solution which is not intended to weaken mobile this, ty securitized with russia or china, china and russia come 1st when it comes to security. uh, for one goal. yeah. and there's no way of moving goal yet to choose other regions

or countries or russia to try and they will pay a big price. so in some one goal is again a play the delicate game and balancing game. and this is similar to what we in the centralized origin was back as phone calls like stone and target started doing. so we're closely watching mongolia home on goal is pretty russia house reading china in the us. so what you learn a lot from mumbles to pasadena, to have good relations with all these large and small countries. according to a 2020 report by the world bank, my goal is poverty rate remain stubbornly high. 28.4 percent of the country is considered impoverished. that's surviving on just under $2.00 per day. the next 15 percent of my goal is population is just barely above that poverty line, which means they can easily slip into the former group. so together that is some of 43.4 percent a mongolia has 3 and a half 1000000 nationals,

almost half the population who subsists on about $5.00 per day or less given that countries and natural resources. i think this is a stark contrast. how can a government improve the living standards for its people? the 1st step is actually to clean the government to clean their act. so the officials which are now strongly tied to all these informal business, the lead. so they need to cut those tories. there's a conflict of interest going on, and so much of the development goes to a lot of butter as, as i said. and while other regions they are receiving short attention is sufficient attention from the central government to the and other important step is to look at china. so china is larger this powerhouse. in fact, much of the developing, the goal that has seen over the past several days is, is thanks to china. china's investments in mobile label, migration of

a mobiles interviews, parts of china. and so without china as a can only help, i think more rolly and so will not achieve strong level of developing. so, and number 3 is that without russia lawyers, they won't make much progress, especially the region. so my goal at which border russia, so the investment from russia in terms of oil and gas, uh, they are cheese one goal and economy. so um, but we should also keep in mind that the geography is a major hindrance to develop. and so much of the bladder specialist and so, and of course there are a lot of resources, but extracting those resources requires high tech equipment. you know, there's train to specialists, a really dedicated people who can work in harsh environments. you know, my goal is, suffers from this condition called jude. it's like this key,

really bad weather that affects new role in winter. billions of livestock dies because severe climate condition, so it is a huge impact on, on the economy. so, how can you were standing? alexa, the such harsh climate, the condition. so there are a lot of, uh, difficulties for mobile government and so mangle government has been trying to meet those challenges by relying on, you know, how from china as well as from russian. so it's not, it's a complex a question of home move or to move forward. but there's a already a team of a buick, right of official training in the west. we're educated in china. i think that they know they, they have the best best answers to the questions and come on developing. and so they are now struggling for influence. and i think that with this official, so i think my goal is in good hands. so it sounds like there needs to be more focus on infrastructure in that country. now. last hour. sure. as, as a cultural note, can you tell us

a little bit about what type of structure that you're sitting in and what are you wearing? manila, i'm actually now on the shores of lake is cool of 800 years ago, a more gig han and his horde of the conquerors. they marched all the way from the source of cool, courteous task, monitor, tory on which to you are on the congress. so i'm sitting in a traditional role gear encourage time, we call it as you're aware, a deal actually it's a, it's a, it's a, it's a wonderful traditional man's clothing. as you can see, it's really a fix. it keeps new, was really cold now and it's a glare. so i guess they are amazing structures. they are like a round shape to a weak ram type tens. and so they keep people warm because they are surrounded by the felt the made of wood, the harley lowball,

that's what boys and conquerors soldiers broke with them along the way. they would stay in new jersey. and so it's really spacious, as well as in house or more than 20 people. so it's, it's, we are encouraged stone. we are proud of our wonderful cars. the thing is, i cherry me on the block as well. my, my interest is the old windows and i'm so proud to be connected to my goal is for blood, as well as through culture, alice or comment off political analyst and consultant based and curtis down his background experience working with via un and world bank. thank you so much for your time and coming to us from the coolest structure that we have ever seen on the show so far. thank you. all right, that's going to do it for this episode of modus operandi. the show that digs deep in the foreign policy and current affairs. i'm your host male, a chance. thank you for tuning in. we'll see you again next time to figure out the m. o.

the on the tape. uh, but with get ready to go was like short term but i was calling to check to see what clean 606. 0 see on the move to see cheap. let me see uh, washing hold. the me, in the most of the you have to put uh, some product in is i'm dudley and institution developed dependent on many countries . they have 1300000000 roman catholics around the world. and as they say in america, follow the money that it can guess most of its money from pro western countries. a lot of the nato countries, spain, italy, england, germany,

as well as mexico and the united states. so it is dependent on you think that people sort of come on, we'll stick with grants and you've got to have to deal with rich new. i mean the look forward to talking to you all that technology should work for people. a robot must obey the orders given by human beings accept. we're such orders at conflict with the 1st law show alignment of the patient. we should be very careful about our personal intelligence at the point, obviously is to make a trust rather than to the various job with artificial intelligence. we have somebody in the team and the most protect this phone existence was on

the, the, the deadlines on off the international as time fixed on the last day of the israel . how must these via calls from around the world, demands an extension to the troops to destruction throughout the guys that leaves at valley recognizable as the rest of its very harsh they storms my house, threatened to arrest my family. and my nephew's children, i suffered a lot to the story of how this thing and prisoner who was released from his ready custody in the prison, a swap among 117 college thing, and women and children set free. so a 9 year old girl who's dad on his riley and what the media said she was killed by her boss while she's turned off alive and well, and it's all about with the family. and if he does,