to the the is it possible to get lost in time? well, come to come check and see for yourself. here several unique ethnic groups are remaining in their own bubble of sorts. surrounded by these beautiful landscapes. we come to see how the natives of rushes, far, far east lives and preserve the ancient traditions and culture. and if we've come this far, we know that it's going to be worth the journey here

here, here. and you're. so one thing that i've come to learn here in contract to is it really is a true melting pot, many different cultures coming together, but the edelman were believe to be the 1st people to come to contract that you yourself, are you? tillman. and where do you come from? usually it's not good up the street. we don't know from where the it to him and came to come shatka. there are several theories, but none have been proven. one hypothesis says that it's woman sales here from hawaii. another claims we tracked from one goal. yeah. some say we originate age in

america. however, the tillman called themselves the people living here long. that's what it tillman literally means. a local field archeologist proved that the it's women have been living here for over 8000 years. they were here before the corey x, the chief chief, the events and the alley. to do this, before ancestors had spread across these parts before their arrival, they worked for the land, they fish ton to the sea, mammals gather, did woodwork and grass for etc, and we, their descendants continue those traditions. so the german scientist george stellar, he was also a traveller. he has a theory that and you've already touched on this a little bit that the edelman and the north american natives are the same. people you've been to canada, you've been to north america in the states. what's your thoughts? what's in tough. we're often told that we look like the play and get the turkey,

etc. look you, nobody at the but i see differences and they see them to our language is, are different. and so our, our cultures, dance for example, our traditional activities are not the same either. sure. there's a similarity when you visit one of their villages. you look like you could easily blend in, but the clothes are different, traditions and culture what the time. so i think we're different from them in that we're indigenous to come chattanooga, they have their own tribes and as soon as the cities with their own rich cultures and traditions. you mentioned earlier that you don't mind or believe to come here to kentucky 8000 years ago in that 8000 years. are there still traditions from them that you still have in your daily life, in your daily routine? the yes we do have these traditions. we still celebrate the implemented ritual festival of our light. like our ancestors we chase evil spirits away. all our women

get together make awful faces and scream their heads off until evil spirits the car to leave our homes and our families. we still dance till we draw because we still love to have fun. same deal us and dance like our ancestors did. boredom was a major's and for them having fun, enjoying life, feeling happy is one of the most important pursuits for the it's woman to leave you a great to me and you and we still respect this tradition of ours. you to look for those we so we've grasp baskets using c, we'd towards the end of august, we go to the pacific shore to gather see we will use it to cover our typical it's omen dwellings, pitt houses and buy la guns with them while ago and then there's fish, of course, worth of a fish is our livelihood. when we stow fish dry fish ro we'd dry, you cooler, a fish meat that comes from salt guys, simon, chum,

salmon and co host salmon. we make a lot of preserves for ourselves and for our dogs, we pick berries for us. if you don't go foraging then it's like you haven't lived that year. as soon as berries come out, you feel this urge within you. you want to go and pick them, and i'm not talking about picking raspberries and strawberries in the garden. i'm talking about cranberries blue, honeysuckle, and crowd berries. in a sense we modern it's women still follow the traditional life style of our forefathers. we talk to the earth spirits negotiate with them, and think them during specific parts of the year. exactly when our ancestors did the same. one of the traditions that you have in the abilities that you have, i would say, is being able to cook using wooden pots without an open fire. for me, that distrust seems impossible. how do you do that? there's our ancestors didn't use iron. this is a steel knife,

but in the past tools would be made of obsidian or stone. these days we cooked like everyone else and it's the women who do it. in the ancient times, however, men were in charge of the cooking. they would heat stones in a fire and put them inside wooden pots, with water and pieces of fish, by replacing cold stones with hot ones from the fire. they would simmer the fish to it's really delicious. our traditional, ancient way of cooking is much better and preserving all the whole some properties of fish. it was totally but of what they didn't use salt, i'd suggest you give it a try. it's a physically challenging process. so how to solve it to them. you get hot standing next to a fire, they would stripped to the waist and sometimes even remove their pens is but suddenly cooking would be done inside a pit house. they had special wooden tools to help them pull stones from the fire,

dropped them inside the pots, and put them back. i want to ask about the raven. i know that it's very important to be, eat them and culture. but it's also important in ireland, the irish and goddess of war. what it on it is also surrounded by raven, she appears as a raven, the scandinavian god. odin also is surrounded by ravens. why do you think that this icon of the raven is so important to the people in and across many different indigenous cultures on us, a good at the corey x and the 2. but you also believe that could kenya, quote, the raven created come childcare and gave birth to the corey act. and the 22 people in the tillman believe that the quick, the raven, together with his wife eat home, created the land of come chattanooga from humans. we see this differently from the cory x and the choke. she for whom this land was a rock lifted from the depths of the ocean. for us, this land as a living thing was once upon a time, the codes and

a home that were flying over the sparts and all they could see was an expanse of water. they landed, and the raven was able to stand. but his wife sang to her chest and there she gave birth to their son seems come in, which means are then looking for n quotes, the raven made him become land, which means we walk upon the land of quotes and the homes. first sun seems coming. when we call to the spirit of the earth, it seems good and we talk to what we say seems good in. thank you. please help us. later they had more children end at some point, the tillman came into existence. is it a co incidence such many consider the raven to be there for father, a wise bird, or some kind of an important character in our story? i don't know. what i know is that the raven holds a lot of symbolism for russians as well. it's symbolizes wisdom, a sort of intellectual force that sees every thing. it's a hard question to answer,

but i like the fact that we share some characters, be that metaphorical representations are actual spirits. we believe in the unify us . it means humanity used to be one. it just means tribes split apart at some point and went their separate ways. the raven, however, remains sadly and which still binds us together. this a news, i'm sure that at some level our cultures have something in common in your push, the way we see ourselves and perceive our connection to nature road. it's my understanding and we've talked about this a little bit already in this conversation. the dance is very important to the gentleman culture, but in the past dance was a asking for a good hunt or may be asking for good health. does dance today have the same type of meaning for you or is it more just a tradition?

yep. no, our dances are also rituals. you enter a sort of trends during the it's a min festival of how i like we hold the russian traditional dance championship for the indigenous people of come shatka, where we dance for 17 hours, non stop there, we share energy communicate with our tribes, the irs and the spirit, the, the, the, it's an unforgettable experience. each indigenous dance is a story, a way to get in touch with higher powers and the energy that surrounds us. air,

water, earth fire, and the spirits of animals which we sometimes also invoke in our dense, many years ago the, it's women used to dance, so they literally dropped from exhaustion over generations and generations of different ethnic groups within kentucky has mixed. is it safe to say that the cultures and traditions of the different groups have mixed to become a unique come track, a culture can years. but the use of certainly traditions and cultures are mixed. and traditionally gloria command and women never dense close to each other. they dance their separate dances each and their own bible. the it's, all men are very different. the always i see a man, you should care the issue because she's a woman means. and we go the

the, the story to the doctor, this dance practice now the to condense together and have fun. there's a cross pollination of cultures. on the one hand, it's beautiful on the other. it's becoming more difficult to make distinction and figure out what austin took it to him and culture is a and there are no more peer at. tillman, tillman. families are all mixed with other ethnic groups. the

1st of all, i want to thank you for bringing us in here to have this look into your life, into your culture. it's fascinating. thank you. i guess i want to ask 1st uh, what does it mean to be caught out? where do the credit people come from and what does it mean to you? not to do that, there's a distinction to go. there are coastal codecs in one and 200 corrects the just to them who heard reindeer in the say that they're known as rich folks because they have huge herds and reindeer are highly prized by c. our grandmothers who raised and taught us in the village would always say that the correct main treasure were a large family. a really large one under heard of deer skiff. that's why people took good care of their families and know reindeer reindeer,

maybe even took priority. as they were essential to life by side all our clothes, everything we have everything our ancestors had. it all revolved around reindeer. when they made clothes or a reindeer meat, they used to say that the animals lived on with them. we where it's skin life goes on. you can see that we're surrounded by randy or heights. and i can see that they're working specifically on making these beautiful clothes that you're known for. and it seems to me that it would be incredibly difficult to make all of these clothes and by hand. do you have specific tools that you use to is to make your clothes that folds into? yes, we do. uh well for the, for civilization came to us, so to speak. there were these old tools are, these are the tips for the connection. yeah. they were created naturally. i go up

there, very old. that's a kind of, you know, we did this rock is used to carry leather. what at the sound with this is the best traditional tool to thought a good phone is that an individual can score. so here's a more modern version from the time when we began using iron throughout the course google on boston, which is sharper than stone. was that when my grandma had me tana hyde was this iron tool and she didn't gives me a high quality piece because she knew i would rip it from you. so she gave me anything that wasn't valuable. so renewals can result in show that we just do what we use to use this board for tanning. we place it like this style and put the deer skin on top of it, of the image. and i am not going to press hard now because this piece has already been attend school.

otherwise i would be going like this. i thought to put your arms get really tired of these, but that's how you build muscles and become very strong healey, sec, the salon. so we remove the top layer, we grease the hide with deer mux several times 3 or 4. so it becomes soft when it's soft like this, we can further process it using our hands. okay. how much time does it take for you to make a specific piece of clothing? let's say a coffee uncle for a for code, for example. regarding how long it takes and it isn't much depends on what the craft artist plan is, how detailed and beautiful she wants this piece of clothing to be. there is also burial clothing to it is our custom to have that ready when people are still alive . today it would be very unusual, but our people have this tradition and then you know, we made our own burial clothes. it would take 3 or 4 similar pieces to make

a complete set for women, my size touch and feel how soft it is is very cool. now i understand that you decorate so beautifully your closing with bands and symbols. uh, are they just decorative or do they have meaning? it's just it just said i'm giving you a room for casual. i'll show you a piece so you can compare. these ornaments are called sun. today we call them gel google and cut ax meaning moons. you correct? still use the lunar calendar for seasons based on the lunar faces. the correct people know how to get their bearings using the moon and stars will not our ancestors were really good at finding their way like this for so i kind of back a visa or nimble up with, you know, beads were brought here and exchange for local products we didn't have beats before that, and local craft women took a liking to them once new because they added beauty to the traditional needlework

patterns and brought out there also intensity. we knew i'm talking about the traditional moves. our ancestors used to embroider on their quotes without beads. they made beads of their own from natural materials, like fish bones, shells into your hair. just one book here, i'll show you. it did. of course. this is an authentic codec son pattern, or a movie. as we call it, so can you tell me a little bit more about what the symbols and bends me and specifically i am in the cracks, display their lifestyle in these decorations. does anyone know some of the most important thing for them was the dear fish as the water line, and so most often to dear antlers or mountains, volcanoes or tree branches for the coastal corrects. also called lawns lived along the coast. so they had these wave patterns as for the colors they used,

there weren't as many color options as today. they mostly used red, black and white. they're ornaments, seal, it says it was the lowest, comes that my grandma used to say, when we decorated my for jacket on the ymca know that you need to take inspiration from the ground. black or brown represents earth. yeah, green is for grass. we didn't have green or light blue, for example. the choice of colors was limited to the basic on black, red and white. white is the color of sanctity purity. red is the color of defense that gives you protection. that's it. a. back in those days are crossed, swimming also made carpet switch, told their family stories, see if there was no writing system. so ornaments told stories you could tell from those pictures the families occupational to even tragic incidents were depicted whole from when someone died or was killed away from home. family history was

passed down in order to minimize the there's a legend about a new man who room does the earth with his reindeer. when the animal google's and weary, it turned to his master and said, kill me, drink my blood, and we will become one. my soul will come back to earth and giving birth to a new race of reindeer people. we are now headed across the tundra of contract to meet the descendants of those very people, deep evans, the so you're out here with no signs in the middle of nowhere, no communication. how do you know where to go this month? we have a special route so we can't go beyond certain limits because that's outside, i'll post you. so we pay for the right to keep our animals in certain areas and for hunting land, the climate fact is to. it's very hard to dig. if there's a lot of snow on the data account get to the most so we need to move to another place with less no, up to 50 centimeters. and how many ranger do you have in your heard here?

and so, is it difficult to control them with this 2000, including the cough so that the number of fluctuates as some do you have become sick or full pray to other animals, including 2 legged ones, most people are predators to fully explore some of the it's not easy to control the rain data. it depends on the past, you'll end up. if you stay in the same place all the time, you will destroy all the mos. it takes up to $25.00 units for new most to grow. you need at least 15 years for some of to appear. so we can't stay in the same spot. we need to keep the rain the a moving. i'll be looking for areas where there isn't a lot of snow or ice when you're out here in the nature, when you're with the ranger, what do you feel? what is in it for you to? so for both the, during the messiah, i feel free out here at the north, folded by. was there anything else that civilization doesn't get in the way? because it's a new radio, though, it's only comp listen to the news that goes. so find things out later,

but just to just go to the task for anything else page, i'm sorry about the dog footing as a very special place in the life of the indigenous people in come chunk of what seems like entertainment for some was once a crucial method of survival in extreme weather. this american family is now reviving these ancient traditions the of the. now that is impressive. i'm sorry. all right, so let's get right to and i've heard the rumors that your children before, they can't even walk are already in a sled. what is flooding to with these dogs?

is it a sport? is it a way of life? is it an ancient tradition? talk to me about that. no go through what they say that most. my wife participates in dunc side races, even when she's pregnant, supposed to be in by police. just like let's go with our kids are in the said with her. who did so i still do, i'm sending for us is on live life in the forest with dogs close to nature. because even just through the time we pass culture tradition and emotions down to our children. that very perceptive we will cuz they grow up surrounded by this strong healthy and learning from us, speeding up. and we think that they do dug, setting on their own by and i can tell your whole family is involved. so what exactly is a musher? and what you have to have in your skill set to become one that you're the marshall call you is dedicated to his dogs and he lives with them is a little the mush that drives the dog said team, pull it up. i would call in the boss deleda to everything depends on the motion the

entire life of his team. okay. instead now, do you become a marcia? people usually start with one dog and then the team starts growing with a 2nd with a message. now you do anything special to train your dogs to run or is this just in their genes? yes, the women prepping for a race. it's like any athletes. we dropped a plan and tried to stick to it. but i believe these particular dogs have it in the blog, so we don't need to make extra assets to brent. but don't just letting you just put it into the harness. you'll get up to this lead an office goes. i noticed an interesting phenomenon when they were getting ready to be hooked up the entire group of them all started housing at once. what does this mean? is this a signal? is this a rally private? they're getting ready to go running or they, it's a very interesting question issue and you know, i don't remember anyone giving you a comprehensive answer to it. no. i think by housing, they express the unit. see an eking this to run?

is a line. yeah. do you think will show example once it will start housing, the whole pan copies install it down and see like the same is happening here with the dogs in place. the manifestation of team square is how this might seem like the most basic of questions, but how many dogs are there to a slab? is there a limit, or is there a set number that have to be there minus but we use between 6 and 16 dogs for one said depending on what's required from a good take him to run. well, if it's a long distance, it's in 1500 to 2000 in columbus is. yes, we would use as many dogs as we can up to 16 bucks. i give it to show it to run out 68 or 10 dogs of plenty. hm. now you know that different dogs have different roles on the sled, which implies the fact that they might have different psychological traits as well . how do you choose which specific dogs go where on a slide too much, that's what we see right from the start. and when the dogs are still puppies right

here that camped in the kennel, and as they grow older, we start walking them. going. we take the mother on the lease and go to the forest for a walk using it, and then we can wash the pumps and see that kind of i just right away. i need some opposite rank to have a not afraid to run ahead. we. we mark them as potentially dogs who will stay of the team. yeah, that's what i mean. other bob so less active and only stay behind the brain of a one. see. so they will go in the middle of the dog team on a campus there. and some always think, kindest, you know, going round your legs, but they will run away, but you have to, they are afraid to follow the rest of the team. the best source of this, these dogs will be harnessed in the rear of the team, directly in front of the sledge, the wheel dogs existing. that's how they'll grow. so determined like an initial stage where they show when you still in training, the dogs of the abilities will manifest themselves best. uh, is there ever a case where there's a dog that just isn't suited for running and what happens to that dog that happens

was sometimes a dog is afraid to run in the home. this with the team. it starts to slow down. we're going to even lie down. you can't use dogs like this. again, they're usually very good companion, so walks in the forest because they never run away. we have many such dogs here, but they remain part of the family and stay here with the rest of the team. the or we've traveled the breadth of the contract to peninsula taking in its mesmerizing landscapes and people the they live in some of the harshest conditions and on demand for wind and snow, the even making their homes and it's to fire breathing volcanoes.

and here, there is total harmony between nature and people preserving the unique culture and identity the the scenes, the beginning of its history. the united states of america has officially declared this driving for freedom and people's rights to happiness. however, in reality, having won independence, american colon is tested for the total extermination of the indigenous population of the continent. american indians were deprived of their land. local residents

were driven into reservation, given the worst agricultural territories, while the best land was appropriated by white colonizers, the strongest blow to american indian tribes was the extermination of vice of native americans lived by hunting these wild animals. colonists slaughtered the bison, and in fact, made them nearly extinct. every buffalo dead is in india and gone, said colonel richard, a veteran of the bloody and vicious indian wars cynically. the indigenous population was simply exterminated us army general phillips sheridan express the evidence of this policy in the infamous words. the only good india is a dead indian, the genocide of native americans of north america lead to a demographic catastrophe. the exact number of deaths is still unknown, but the number of victims is in millions. having been a majority on the continent before the indigenous people make up less than 3

percent of the us population today. the, the 30 palestinians, relieved from is really jails arrive in their homeland. we hear from the mother of one of the freed prisoners. we've got a, the, today's happened is this waits, but it saddens me that the prison has remained, instead of promising meals the victim, besides these insults and beverly b as to watch them. it's something beyond the normal 6 hostages fried by her mos return to israel, as mediators press for another 2 day extension of the gaza agreements. you need medical supplies, you need them to buy all takes you a through the most basic uh tools which now have been coming in to some extent, but wait from.