of the japanese bikes that caused the fatalities in the vicinity of a hospital. another one struck on area close to bare rude airport. the only international airport still subbing 11 on and which has become a vital hop for you. many terry and a what you can get for the details of all the stories will fall like an archie to come see you again on top of the awful more updates the i think it's an investment in you, right? knowing is on and rolling. well, i mean, there is no, nobody wants to be left behind a we have some of the most successful multinational companies i knew in what the same company is. i'm not seeing this kind of money in china. and i think as a woman, i always felt i was a bit of a full, efficient and boy that there was people out, they would just reach in for me to feed me to, you know, i mean, i mentioned the fact. i mean,

most of my career i've spent positioning in deal because i worked with foreign bags and a lot of my work was trying to brings capital into the hello. hello and welcome. my name is arnold from kids. come to my show in this dublin and uncertain world of today the focus now more than ever is on india bought a guess today is the form of the country head of i just be seeing the next president of the foundation of indian chambers of commerce and industry may not allow kid why isn't indian banker chartered accountants and business executives. she was not only the 1st indian woman to get an m b, a from harvard business, but also the 1st woman to lead a foreign bank in india. and she has served on various boards and has been involved in the numerous rules as an advisor for the indian government, including the prime ministers, trade and industry council,

and 2013. she was awarded the pod, measuring one of india's highest civilian honors for her contributions to trade and industry. nina is a strong advocate for ginger diversity in the workplace and is deeply involved in philanthropic activities, particularly in the fields of health care and sanitation coming in a lot of good. thank you and such an honor to be here with you today. no, i'm so happy. i'm so happy that you have come. you come from a legacy family. what was it like growing up? well, i would love to say that i was fortunate to have of a progressive parents of father and mother who delighted in the achievement of mine . and my sister who went on tools to become india is needing golfer and his students one of into is needing a coaches in gauze and that are janelle body. and in my case, my sort of trajectory much more into the finance of my father was the you of an

insurance company. so she took the golfing gmc, was an absolute because fanatic. and i took his financial jeans. oh, and i think the listen for a lot of us is how important father is in the she think of as good as, as we grew up itself and just missed mothers. it's left to why the families because the funds are busy of their working. but i put together a book, i know, but go to the women and paul. ok. their voice has their stories and almost with one voice. every one of these women itchy, was the biggest influence in their life, was their father's. and what was the strict in his teachings annoyingly to you, or was he affectionate to loving? how is it a man of great integrity, very busy, affectionate, but not physically, demonstrably solved, boy who is there for me. and though i've had a lot of influences though, that were very, not continued in nature. so,

so at every stage of my career, particularly i wanted to go off to do an m b a at the harvard business school of uncle wiggle detractors and sort of tried to influence my mother into, you know, she's just 22 years old and i'm going to send her off to the us, you know, she's never come back, go. she get married to a foreigner, know, and it has all of this nonsense. and i, luckily, luckily i had a father who understood my aspirations for myself and the mother who didn't let any of this get in the week. and the good part of it is because i had all these needs here. that's how it was going to be a waste of money and time that i was out to prove them wrong to do it. or also it helps sometimes to have those negative influence or yeah, because they can become big positives and like, and you're the 1st one to go to harvard business school. how is it being in woman in less than 1982. huh. well, you know, i didn't go there knowing i was the 1st step one month into the school having started i was someone to the office and i thought, oh my god,

those men exactly. okay. i don't know what have i done and they was, they gave me a little check and they said you were the 1st indian woman and you know, the business school is amazing. so, so that's how i lot about it. when i was there in the eighty's. so this was 198 to, to a to, to it was very little news in india and for the email there was no television in those days. you relied on newspapers. the only reporting on india was about fathers and floods and poverty. and we've seen as a nation of sneak, thomas and alex on not for what we are doing today. so a lot of energy and time on my part, you mentioned to educating my classmates is to what we are about. and the 2 visas that they used to be taught at the harvard business school and the 2 and a half cases that they had at the time. where is this, how hopeless jumped out the window and i'd be, haven't had to leave and deal in the days when we have what vehicle is with the cetera directions to fire change regulation act with indian companies. right.

foreign companies were not allowed to hold more than 40 percent, so it was a very negative treatment and understanding of india even at the business school today. that same business school has a research center in, in do and what's new cases. and some of the important clauses happens on indian cases. i mean, most of my career i've spent positioning in deal because i worked with foreign banks and a lot of the workforce trying to bring capital into india. and it used to be in a post story trying to sell the india story, you know, 2515 years ago. what do you think the perception changed? because if you can get to new york, they're becoming more educated about to deal with both. but most certainly the latter to the left to, to and read to became a lot of clicked on friend the 200 and capital here in the the, the big change in 1992. when in the opened up yes. and with that opening came up

a marketing of india abroad, the desire to bring capitalist into india, both in terms of what we call for an institutional investors into our capital markets. but also the foreign direct investment companies being actually invited to come in. and with that change, i think we've been able to ensure that those that have come has made good money, have stayed hill. we have some of the most successful merchant actually companies. i knew it was the same companies. i'm not me, this kind of money in china. we look at the success stories and some things like geneva or in india, in the san deavers and the scale of the engine operation, which is, you know, using the a quarter of what need to globally, or even bags. like i worked with a, with india. i was amongst the top 5 even when i will see you of the bank, the top 5 and the hsbc system in terms of profit and performance. i'm equally to do, you know, maybe rising to be amongst the top treat. so the subsidies that are in deal in

successful m. n c's, a very important subsidiaries of the multinational companies and the success stories as which by that. so see what it is they can do it. so can we, right? and so we can get more and more the excitement to come in and invest in our story. and right now in gears on a role, i mean there is no, nobody wants to be left behind. and that will be a really beautiful point in all history, which the muskrat with both hands. i totally agree with you. what you went into banking house, chauvinistic, was the enlightenment when you started? well, you know, i, i have to see that i've gone feeling that i was discriminated. ok in any way. i think the business school degree helped me because it was sort of a top of great ability. of course, i was also fortunate to be working in investment banking, me where you kind of sink or swim based on the data to do. it's very obvious which

will succeed what he told me. so it was hard for bosses to dispute what you had done because it was your dean and nobody else could you nearly came credit for it. so i think for these factors helped me, if at all there was sort of strain which was much more of an india in the corporate world, it was a hierarchy to me and that tends to go more to age. so if you'd be young, was creating more of a challenge and trying to move it into which was a better dr. see to get rewarded for which one did not for the age, that just means him, the company was probably more of a challenge than now. the gender thing, so what was your driving force? what was it that does make you go for it? i just felt every time i met other people and who was successful in good i did with many listen seem to know me. and i would often think when, if he or she would do it in prison more he's and she's been why not i,

what does it take me to be there? the big driving force, of course, often was denise is the people who would say, oh, i mean, you know, she's human. so she's a lightweight or the own codes and had said in the past that education is ways to energy and time. she was to get them married, so it's the nice heroes at every stage that i guess have in order to be competitive, i paid a lot of sports out of the out there to get those. your favorite is good, but i, i paid basketball for the school for the state. i played badminton for the school in state. uh so yeah. so primarily those 2 games, but then monday i gave them up soon after college. oh, but the competitiveness of knowing what it seems like doing the news stayed with me and i think that drove it to that. it was always a little bit of i can get the if i want to, if i were cod and there was always encouragement at the home front to help me drive my says into directions that i felt really important for me all to do dealing

with the failures in early stages of your life. very bad, very bad thing because you feel as juvenile and you're ready and secure and unsure of your sense. as a young person, you may not show it, but you just start. and a video feels like this has to collapse. this is doing, steve. and i think as a woman's, i always felt i was a bit of a vision. and boy, they were people are, they were just waiting for me to feed maybe towards, you know, i mean, the mention the bank. so you felt that you sort of let down all of them and kind of not just yourself. and that put a hell of a lot of stream on one. so i see if i hadn't had that i might have had more fun than i had the pleasure to see use in the process. but uh, i think at the end of the day of loans, uh at uh, again, my father was a big thoughts with an influence to really help me understand that celia was always

elicit going forward of it. it was only a feeling if i didn't know and what the lesson was. and some of the most interesting turning points in like 3 of a points with which looked like feel like when i looked back actually shaped, which was a very important mix. still vickers for myself. how is the banking and carpet in the scene and get changed over the past few decades? so how i go about, i mean, when i entered the industry, we made of fortunes on federal guidelines, which was companies that i knew they share as in india and going out today. it's absolutely the way we one companies to come into india when i started my career. we did not have 2 stock exchanges. the bomb based off the exchange was refusing to change with the times to improve us had issues the ideal of setting up a new stock exchange. and hence you for the in this seat. yes. come up because we

just could not get the order to change. so the initially came in and so we took them on based off the exchange, and that for the moment still could change to change. we had stocks, shares, certificates, which will buy it up invoice, you put in, move for myers because of the people that to which has been the whole stock exchange corporation of india. maybe had every certificate had to actually move into just digital mode. and we had a lot of scans as a result and yeah, absolutely. could certificates floating around with it was so much that was different. but we were able to bring a lot of change of views with difficulty that we've been doing 400 cores and to the, you know, the 1000 towards us from an l. i see it show that market has already observed. so the key of what we are able to absorb to be an adult with

a name deal because people like you and me of putting on money into the stock market and putting it into mutual funds. and these funds now buying these shares, right? which otherwise, we used to wait for the foreign capital to buy. i remember when we were looking to do a 100 deal bund, 4 lines in the seas when i was at morgan sandy and no other firm had done this in india. and we struggled to make sure that it could get off the ground and when the reliance could really do it, and it did, but from day to maybe up to date in terms of the debt insurance that's happening in the markets. so it's not just in a quick story for us, we need to do more. but the success of our capital markets, the scales on banks and i, c, i, c, h, e, a, c, v is banks today and did not exist as banks, right? when i started my career, i see i see i was a project finance institution. immediately put the money in which bank due to in

terms of equity. yeah. you know, because i work for a bank, we didn't invest in stock. so my principal of this was no conflict, so i only have invested in mutual funds. i didn't cheat on this stuff. markets and what do you think are the advantages of india as an insect that today? the advantages, i think the biggest advantage is derives from the high savings rates and the country. but also from the fact that we now have, what can i launch bags. and this is particularly true of the private sector banks, the strength of the i, c. c, as each day of c's actually is particularly hundreds. these banks coming to the system. also the scale of a state bank that we can do at the public sector backs. uh, if at all i have some of his vision and seeing that it is absolutely the idea of banking system. it is that we have students, 3 4th as of a banking system is with public sector banks. and i would certainly like to see

some of that shareholders do that sort of dilute down either from what was being promised as some privatization or to the group of the private sector doesn't have to meet some shrinkage on one side. can be 2 growth and the other so that we get a little more balance into the system. but so this, this principle of bags today, the no not performing assets or in fairly good shape. so next question is very important for me personally. what should indians invest in today to be digital model? yeah, i think it mentioned the rest of the new uh, goes is not about investing abroad. and these fortunately, limited money, budgeted school abroad. i think for each of us, it is uh uh, at one level, of course, if i can move you from financial markets, it's education, it's cultural art. it's everything that is the south side of india, which actually is football foot in a global context. i mean, it is not for bollywood. and before we even known for anything we were doing the

financial mulkins quite honestly. yeah. i mean even in china and russia, you name these countries in india was known for the films it was making. oh for odd for that it was not becoming a soft file, means we were known that oh yeah, for them i liked the snake. john was a 1000000 and they thought that they didn't send it might only about dancing that on the freezer. things like that. yeah, it is. and before the good excited them about in the i was it's poverty and send them. oh yeah, it's uh, you know, it's the exact word and it says something like the use of to do 3 isn't. yeah. yeah, and they would classically, what amazing but yeah i, i feel that the send them off and they present it outside should be send them up in the afternoon. yeah. and i'll prove that some of that is coming to it. is it? does it seem yes, a lot more thoughtful and it's so important because it is a fortune of what india is today. yeah. and i think if we can continue to invest in our for the divorce general is what you would find the invest into

w h to model. so i think we have the state. ok, so even though it was the land in short supply and just the shield special population. but we have to have, i think about in sports. and so the idea would be, you know, maybe a toad in your industry to put in debt in simmons. i put in the equity and a little bit and maybe the commodity markets like for that. so just so you end up with this balance board for you. and i would say it's best to do it from mutual funds and that's what's really happening. people are investing to fix and that boy, no money is helping in do because even when do with capital went out. this is the 1st time in history that when blue this capital markets reacted with money leaving in deal, we did not see our stuff. markets did because we had enough of domestic savings coming through these slips and the buying that is happening into our mutual funds.

so our mutual funds through the gap before it and as an opportunity to buy a share price as fit. and this is what we call in the mature market. it's domestic saving, domestic money, which is there has been profile pockets. we have not over dependence on foreign capital. it the more how much is the role of the government and doing that, i would like to say it's really, there's a lot of companies that companies have to do with a system of markets to grow up and government can shout from the rooftops. but in my company's going to where it's no markets won't go up, but the government creates an ecosystem for the companies to do it. right. the government has to create an ego system where it's regulations don't keep jumping and changing, which makes it hard for them. the one and the corporate sector to me, but also for investors to have to understand the tax and the payments. and we did a lot of shopping and changing which put all foreign capital because they just put an understand tax the on the point. and there was too much litigation, their own tax, which means

a lot of foreign capital unhappy. and we do have some dependency on private equity, which is money that comes in in large chunks into our companies, and been going to need for an institutional investors investing here. and we have to say good bye to the james. like for the phone at the kind of tax mess we got us headed into with retrospective taxation and the hardware reputation recreated for us is with the fact that we could come in with rich retrospective tax. so visa, hard lessons and lessons been known to by us and which i'm sure we've been non compete as in do some government sort it has to be about fan is a just is a quick resolution of problems lending a hill to things that are not so happening, being able to solve for that uh, making sure that they play a very fast system that we don't create an on even playing fields full in favor of

some use of the others as though they knew that corporate just do what they do best, which is the run they companies, they make sure that they create with the make sure that they're good community spirited corporate. and if they don't do it right here, one of them, oh, you make sure that they get find them. he gets to, to add that david and the justice system has to payable. so what government invests and not institutions, which would be the strength of it and get tomorrow one. so how important is the corporate is social responsibility initiative? the csr. so it's very important. i think when csr 1st came in that to be taught who, how did it come in? just as human as legislation of having said that, there was a vic tradition among indian companies in giving yes, like does realize that they have for very long, even without regulation, you know, being give us into society. what did change was when became a regular nation,

that those that weren't in there had to know thoughts with 2 percent of their profits into areas that were important in terms of community and community development. i think it gave a whole new focus to the weak companies for themselves. and many companies initially just throw checks to in june, then they began to feel to be shipped to more. so the engagement of companies in actually monitoring and looking down at the grass roots began to change. and in fact, one of the areas i'm working in now, which is inside edition with the ministry of drinking water and sanitation so that you can just send additional coordination, which is an engine which i started. and what we're doing did is with the corporate sector of going in and adopting models, images down at the grassroots where the government has said, we don't need your money. if the corporate, we don't need to money,

we have enough money sitting in the system to help these villages become model villages. the ones you're in the corporate sector to adult. these villages to make sure that we can take all of the boxes of what goes into a model village, and then you can just make sure the execution happens. we've had the 1st 10 culprits come forward in this program. they've adopted these villages to make sure that they become one of the villages and the next phase of the program. we have another 54 parents coming in saying, hey, we like the success of what we seen. this is a top public private partnership. we would love to play a role to hasn't come and spend some money in segmentation in water, in the villages, it'd be bulkhead or the village is the sound of factories or the villages that are open to us. and so it's a national program, and i think this is what we want, that every citizen enrico put takes the responsibility to make sure that money that needs to be spent in particular ways and then money that's sitting there and

getting spend, get spent. so tell us about the invest in addition coalition and the impact it has had. so my work is really sanitation for to it impacts women in a very big way. as you can imagine, want to is such an important subject for women. but the area we work, it is really more to do with the bringing what was initially this, what kind of missions program. and i started and decided it is going to some just 6 months before the prime minister announced the switch. why that mission? so just to look at, be moved from behavior change and toilet building inventory. let's make sure people use them. you get them to make the toilets. but now it's a lot about treatment that what goes into the, to and it needs to be treated otherwise goes right back into the feed, a ride back into our water bodies right back into our rivers untreated. and it's the same mess. mice will let people mess it up in the 1st place. yes. for the treatment side of it is very important in the government as

a huge program on that too. and the mommy's on the along the gun. geez. but also at each village level how, how the seat, the risk comes from the door and how do we recover water and how, which is called the resource recovery program at no cost increase management. i mean the last to, every way, it's also just thoughts. it's something that if we can, donal, it can be viewed, it can be used for fewer, it can be used for recycling. it can be used in methods which we have get to discover. but what do we do? we shifted every way, rather than collected in a way that they can be used. so this journey for, and it's going to be a very important one on how the cover as reciting, waste everything, whether it's sewage, whether it's water, whether it's plastic, so that we can really have a clean, hygienic, in deal. one way beyond fully sick all the time. we have women benefit in

particular because it via the caregivers, the other ones left to stay at home, low cost and sick children. the other ones have to fetch water for miles. and at the end of the day, just of the proud of the nation, we have because it would be a keen and dream in deal. so apart from your father, who has been your own mortgage on mentors. if i may ask you what so many so many because to life one doesn't just learn from one person. yes. if every person one comes in contact with, i mean i learned from my executive assistant who at the height of the rides and bomb b, and b will only being advised not to come to office and i was in the senior road. i don't have to walk off the we go to office to find that my executive assistant today and should come from bend of so you know, november all the way down to the 4 to ill and leaving a tier to a child with a neighbor. and i was like, what on earth think you're doing help?

but do you need the chief search was he i put you would be here and you would need me. i mean, i was like this. she had every excuse not to come, which is here. and people like her, it's an individual who brings it all to that. like d. o the no, i think people just bear with me a little. i'm sure. i'm sure that, but i don't think it's when we chatted. but she had the hardwood boss who would have not done that. i would like to hear the heart of emotion. we have color to fill that side but but so what insurance? and then i was like, what might think twice about what am i trying to do coming to office? i mean i came in track bad. i came with my think good. so if i have to run back home, i'm going to get back up and wondering why i'm doing this. and i mean, look at the lesson. she said, so i think we did lessons every day from so lots of the p d would save all i know your goal is, you know, and you see and you come back with the such enforcement of thoughts of what you

want to me. so yeah, i think mentors at many made having to do the thinking that a lot of good right. thank you so much and thank you for watching. and joining me next week for another 15 conversation, and let's talk about it almost the or the, the see the sofa,

the somebody how can it be that um the ship to the middle east from a country whose top officials constantly complain about shortages of munitions and military equipments this through a little bit of boston, low cream and maybe a little in your system and below came along the nominal facility or some of those other slash we, i'm about to the easiest way to not let you know. so what are the easiest number mobile bubble showed? well, nice to show kind of the piece that have gone on. now, why are weapons from ukraine spreading over the world to, to this country and to a major arms hub, will continue to bolster ukraine's and forces by rushing them occasionally use that they need to defend their country. the everyone knows very well that we don't sell but known as pineapples or any kind of children's toys. we sell weapons. yes, we're also known in the world as items dealers that we must not be ashamed of that

the allies on the russian city of cosign, nasa welcomes, will lead us in representatives from around the globe for the brick summit to a common despite cons. sorted attempt, by the way, to leave russia isolated the international arena, we have a special coverage from the father of cause that the apartments used as the following positions in the band. i'm your nation. that's what you create in 4th is left behind. as this lee in the face of russian advances are to you report exclusively from the bottom front. this is where the machine has the machine done all the share for.