that we go to the nearest the, what the body that we go to, the nearest dump sides on when we go into these are, you know, what we do is that we then dispose of these items in those areas. and we assume that they would not have an impact in the things that we do. we assume that these things will simply locked away. what we do not know is the, the major implications in elliptical areas of our lives. and if africa, for example, say that is going to ensure that the quality of our people's lives is something that is critical to them. we must create the linkage between the waste and the quality of people's lives through the extent that their lives. would it be undermined by the ways that finds itself into our daily lives? when we say that the for the chain is important, and we are saying that we are moving away from seeds,

which in williams puck negatively on the continent of africa. and we have given prior to a place to a granted food, i really mind doing or solve the thing that will come out of the ways that we are allowing to get into our system and get into our site is on get into the most. yeah, i'll be worried about that. that's how i busted the, the full on the mind because we have the ways that these rump, and these are the issue, the policy met cause enough become us. now grapple with these are the issues that must also be, you know, a thoughts when we talk about the negative impact of the waste in the continent of africa. and this must be emphasized again on the game to the extent that we in another you know, well we are talking about climate change. the linkage may not have been established, but i have no doubt in my mind that the waste has on impact on climate,

on the dot is going to affect us in one way or the other. and we have a duty to ensure that our participation in the struggle for creating the wired for granting off the car is not on the mind. we who are not consumers of what is done in the continental vasa, we can do it. we must do it through policy, through legislation on through enforcement, on the time is now on collaborate with the countries which ensure that whatever is brought into the continent of africa does not affect away environment affect us by extension. we are discussing weight issues and when the weight becomes too heavy, we need to break that say, you know, show to us after the break, the

in the late 18 ninety's french soldiers led by general to boot. i arrived in asia with the goal of expanding french control in west africa to the territory of more than shot, no one or 3 to come on sunday. i mean, he's stuck up some new shows. all the cars do. and dick's shown the list to the content of who they on least one of the most horrific campaigns of a trustees to have ever taken place in the history of the continent or somebody. i know the question, richard dental, hey, i'm philosophy followed there to do some professional multiple villages with

devastated a numerous members of resistance groups with the headed olympic apartment for us to get the movie glancing. i'm going to be a young investigator in search of his own identity and box on a journey to africa. beach races general with ice, blood drenched roots in an effort to establish how your legacy still echoes throughout the confidence. so my name is sandy, and i come from england and i've come ready to find out more about the position of willie and the history in the region. the trade has been described as the mazda as milk of human relations.

but does it always bring joy? the hey has been described as crushes when one is down, but one must not remain on crutches through us. when we talk about the continent of africa and there was the question, is, it does a trade to it does a destroy. many people commented about trade and aid in africa and the question remains relevant. what does offer 3 then? azalia, this taught in sensory africa was trading with different parts of the was traded in agriculture, commodities, traded in monroe's. tre that denied very so trade has been with us. but when we talk about trade in contemporary terms,

we are asking us solve the question where the trade is contributing to the growth of the continent of africa. and uh, 54 south brand countries. we ask this question, because when one looks at the list of the list developed countries, african countries, it dominates not least, african countries continued to labor and international trade laws that are not created in africa. we remember got, and we know the w to yours are. they made in africa are they made for the benefit of africa. offers on trade is a, the by lot to really defined all multilaterally defined, but for who is benefit. the question is, what then must we do in order to ensure that trade helps rather than kills as it is

now offered, can countries us from loads through the tray built on the rob, i live a yes. we want that. it is firestone on mr. lin, on the ones who i in the business of wasting all drove it, looked like call call from tell go, do i? but are you close to gun who met? the chuck plate is the swedes and the belgians who do not even have a single bush of cockle. and this would look at our coffee who benefit from it. it is a nestle on diamonds. we'll look at our tea who met that it is the british shore. enjoy the cup of tea while we have consumed the drugs. it is true that the trade kills cities of both which speaks to a tide. june jones, both the bod, somebody's done. there is no shortage of bod. somebody tons in the international trade every now and the victims are african countries. if you will go into the

funeral. no. got to go the goal or does that is a mind and gone to the goal is that he has a mind in south africa. the goal or that is mine. the in the democratic republic of congo is trade that in this stuff, exchanges in europe under america, not enough because no got calls done that is used in every cell phone in the world. no single african country mix of cell phones beyond assembling them. and yet, paul tongue is an important ingredient in battery goods, and yet we call this trade. it cannot be the kind or trade that is contemplated for the sake of you core lising, the continent on met in africa, great. the gate, you know, when one talks about trade on when one talk about their views of afraid on when one looks of africa, africa still finds us off in the state where she produces primary goods with

no do what this, in the role from the tech into a different box of the was on been off for thought imparts them in the find. look, if an eye on african countries operate using on the young or lines operate using on the if it totally up to you now ends up producing while is then i jetty ended up producing live. but when you look at delete a part of it the and off because you see no african country involved in it is a, the ex automobile or movies or to tal energies or out of africa is in a situation where our resources on not to use for her benefit, well, the thing quote, trade in africa is affiliated aid, alphabetize being related rather than being traded with on. if we run away for a moment from the trade, which is just drawing west africa,

is being strong or life, the pipeline is from those on slide those on, on zillow. then we go into the army and none of aid. and we, i saw a saw is why it is that students african countries that he gained independence. we continue to receive a if we are not receiving aid from the international monday through fund, off from the was bank or from the european union unlikely event from this chinese. we us crouching and we are told that a is the magic bullet that will save the continental foss with the onset to that question. is no. somebody as a dumb be somewhere else as written, a book, which must be commended to all dead 8. i'm dumb boost that tells us that not a single chemistry is gone and butter eyes on the basis of being a to the some lawyer tells us not in so many was but to the effect that if monica

continues to receive aid, then she would remain a slave, and then did when one compare the fate of locked in america in the days that she was receiving aid. those days when countries such as i just do not schuler believe beyond brazil, re depended on the i am asked on the was bank. they could not bro, africa must learn from that, because a only disabled us or a only allows us to be in to be dependent aide only kills us. because instinct to produce a only mix africa weak aid. only mx was of the car, dependent on institutions, which ones do you have a did you only succeed in controlling you politics and you affairs. and if there was any doubt in 1900 on date is the international monday through fund on the award

bound, giantly known as the bretton woods institution, came up with this structural adjustment system. or this not to not just been program through the program. all african countries was supp zip. deb, really, they think prescription swell one size fits all cell, all your public concepts, talk your population, ensure that your population is debilitated. so africa and country is went on us, pretty of deposition african countries when thrown us pretty all of selling the public concepts on this story is now known. african countries never blew out of this factor. that adjustment, they have full aid to as us on when grads meals the out for i have the book why off? because for one of the reasons why, of the case for is because africa is engaged in trades that kills alphabetize.

then k, then aid that this rise on the time is now for africa. she engages the was to ask, cost, solve the question, how are we going to trade with the rest of the was i'll, we're going to trade with the rest of the while, the in a part of citrix that we have some, oh, we are going to trade with the rest of the world in a symbiotic which totally beneficial out of you know, that is why the time is now to revisit the rules of engagement on the w t. o. that is why the time is now for us to strengthen africa and institutions such as the off with the development bound and office on m as in bunk to ensure that going forward . we are not dependent on institutions, was i gender, is to ensure that the content in does not grow the time is now they are full to we know a selves from 8 the time is now for us to agree with them based on more to that

they age only kills if it is aid that is not designed to liberate the time is now for us to realize that trade must not kill. and aid must not cripple. africa can do these by being strong. today, our conversation has been around trade and a. we of cause to realize that trade kind of kills and a kind of debilitate, that conversation remains alive. and we will continue that conversation on the other conversation. for the moment that i say good advise only to meet that gain to continue the conversation, the one era is coming to an end. and another one is coming into being as the west and that the global institutions declined. bricks is position to fill the void. the west is forever in search of enemies. well, briggs promotes trade and development, essentially

a win win. and so from the state is precisely in the civilizational diversity, a unique combination of national traditions that lies the strength and enormous potential for cooperation. the rec summit and cars on has come to a triumphant close providing attendees with a detailed roadmap for development. i post the west cautiously. i is the blocks plans to shake off the dollars chain also ahead. the southern people are killed by an idea of strike on a residential building and they route as 3 reporters lose their lives. in the south of 11 on the stands, the tides are shifting in the red sea. as a ron announces its 1st ever joint naples rel.