the, the um, piano, the moon, but he, uh, queue bend t from in campbell county in the republic of kansas. as we continue our conversations about the continent of africa with today, focus on a subject that is very painful to wrap our minds around the conflict between the democratic republic of congo and rolanda. and in order to understand and appreciate that conflict,

we must always go back to history. we must always remind ourselves that these conflicts that we encounter into the continent of africa as a result of the petition of the continent. when julia is come, brag in your area was alive, and he was asked at one time about the problem in the congo. at that time. it was known as a he reminded his audience is that this board does that. we inherited part of the problem. it is important to note that the in did in 1963 when most countries that regained independence do are those during the i'm just up of a meeting one to and the board has to be re negotiate. the coma said no or not. so said no, no, to say no on

a 2nd meeting was actually held in kylie in 1964 at which it was resolved that the colonial boundaries should be any day. and it is call, or the doctrine of the inner viability of colonial boundaries. it is in that context that we must see the conflict in congo because when the belgians to what is the now the democratic republic of congo, there was a time when rolanda on the board on the well actually controlled by the germans. and it was been, or there was then known as the one the and then they became trust. territories of the belgians i'm. that is what most people know, but not the time the boundary as well. such a niche. is that a large segment of the one these? why in the i've seen the thoughts the kingdom was awfully in the d. r. c. on some

of them. what to be found in what is present day one the on present day wounded. so when the 1st the program started in one day, when the more not cause removed in 1959, when there was a muscle on the top see why this bus, the different parts of africa, particularly in uganda. some found themselves in tons and the, and of cause some remained in east on google. that in my view was the genesis of the programs that we see today. and it is also around resources. it must not just be seen as an estimate conflict. as somebody said, come go, i think i think it is much in meredith in his book, the fortunes of africa. he said that the congo is saw in the house with the minerals some of the least conservatively estimate that there's that

4.3.4000000 west of minerals in the democratic republic of congo. so because of the history of chromebook started with the conflict number one with the immunization of blue moon, but number 2, with the 5, the attempted suspicion of got down the on of costs. the conflicts have generated on the environment where there is a conflict on it came to a head when demo, but to raise shame was collapsing when demo, but the resume was collapsing on the hall. the city of bella was then beginning to mount is fight, abuse the with the resume. it is instructive that the administration's own fault, the government at that time, and you ready for a good that was 70 in uganda. why in the forefront of supporting the couple of us and then did when the bill of forces found themselves moving to the assessor, they were led to by that one day. as far as i know,

a friend of mine who has been the general and is now the military or intelligence adviser in, in, in, in honda. so the problem we applied a different card at the time and the company is the government, the company's administration. during the cabella, one, that is a be the hall when he was assessing they did on the sun 2 called joseph gabriella. the programs one, not that many, but in 1996, something happened in fungal, which led to what is sometimes referred to as the african. why the well, there are so many countries involved in that war. in 1996, there was i've been fight and it is estimated the nearly 1000000, depending on who you are talking to. 1000000 dead on millions of costs displays on this in itself. did create

a problem where the company's administration one now beginning to say that the one d is in the congo, must go back to the one on the play in the won't deal according bit one, diesel us. and we another one. these, we have all these we were born here and it is the boundaries the separated us from off keeps on can, in what is present day one. so as a result of that, they have been many attempts at these. we know that the united nations has the funding, fos, that these present in the congo even as we speak. so there has been on attempt at the mediation by the un. it is important to note that the democratic republic of congo is a member of 3 regional organizations. the sol solved within the region. it is a member. it is also a member of the central african nation and has been admitted into the east african community. that is why all these are attempts at mediation,

i've always been taking place, but somehow this has not worked as well. and we now have a fuss, which is the m $23.00. and they have been a 2 vision. so which have been documented given by the united nation, that the m 23 get some logistical support from the land. but the one day is government has always been clear that these individuals are fighting for the 33. they may share something with us in terms of ethnic origin, but the companies they may call themselves buying them land get, but the companies and i think the boss is not to be disputed. and the question then is how to use all of this. and those things have happened in there isn't 1st, this article community and through the countryside just can you and uganda to the of forces to the democratic republic of congo, particularly in the eastern, but to preserve peace. but the companies was very unhappy because there was what

then was called the night road, the initiative, which did not go very fast. they then went back to the side deck on the side of the data supply. the forces during the administration of robot god being will god be and even now during the administration of for the moon, god bless. and that too, has not done much in terms of resolving this, but the place the question then has been, if it is true that the one that is involved, if it is true, that uganda is involved. if it is true that the democratic republic of congo is unhappy with these, particularly with the one, what then must be done on the ongoing basis. and it goes to the asian has come from a very unusual course, valdez of uncle and many uh, the meetings that i've been held young or in the month of november of 2020 full

getting the head of states summit in russia in 1000. yeah. it was a not to the is as the president of global she shifted the did not attend because she did not want to meet for them to come down. and of course, the forgotten me, it was all ready to meet. they thought it would be negotiated, but cindy office as well at present. and one of the things that was raised during that meeting is that there is need to support the ongoing initiative. so you sort of p a now that a number of things have been accepted. there is a conflict which is of a diverse stating kind and that there is need to ensure that that conflict is brought to an end and the will reply. among other things that the forces that are being supported by the one that as it is now documented by the u. n. and the forces that seem to be the cussing instability and that's part of the area

ought to be brought to the negotiation table. but it is also important to note that even as we talk about the m 23, which is one of the better organized, varies documentation. this to show that they are nearly 120. the groups in is done phone while alone passes even more. and this must be understood in the context of expand or hundreds external himes to mean individuals and private companies which i involved in mining in the democratic republic of phone. but based on the side of it, and they have these, i'm the groups, we provide them with the security. so that's even a view of focusing on the $23.00. the question is, what are you going to do with these groups which uh, not under any formal command, but which follows a threat to the democratic republic of congo. i know that the meeting over child

and so which brought together the presence just your kid and then coming up now agreed that varies need for us. ceasefire on one hopes that in the not too distant future, the competence of the parties in dispute would be brought together. and one of the things that prison down there. and so, as i said, which i think is critical is that for the purposes of negotiation, we ought not to apportion blame that for the purposes of ensuring that the see is fire or is it is important that the font is come to the table with a clean hot, and they have been remind the times without number the in did in the context of is tough because even in the context of side, it is important that they all agreed to us is fire. and when they have a stable seas fire,

that is when you can now begin to negotiate us to the offshore residence of the people who are called in to dispute. and who are the source of this problem. but what is clear and what is historically documented is that this conflict is a conflict. we charge the troops because of the colonial boundaries on this colonial boundaries divided peoples in a mind. uh that the was that once a bit trivial and painful and that it is now in comment upon the administration, both in the democratic republic of bumble and in the republic of lunda to ensure that the allow the young girl a process to be successful. because it has the mud as the most acceptable, the more stable and the one that is pointing, the fact is in the right direction. and the mode is also right. the mode is right that the companies, but additions on the called the one these but additions appear to be comfortable

with prison child or and so on. perhaps the fact that these 5 move down day non goal is very useful. and in this regard, i look forward to the day when the d. s. a and one that will sit at the table of negotiation and they will come out and they will break out and they will collaborate as brothers and sisters. and based off the community side doc, and of course, the continental bostic. thank you very much. we have continue with our conversations on the continent of africa, but let us take a break. we'll come back to continue with the conversation, the,

the insulating people who are disgusted with what's going on with that, sending huge amounts of money to the lensky in terms of weapons to kill russians when actually we're taking money away from people that have been one of the big things in the tell you that i know about domestically is that the cover labor government have taken one and a half 1000000000 pounds away from the the i am theater to moon, but here in the center of night road, this city in the republic of kenya, and as we continue to focus on the continent of africa, today,

we focus on the critical question of the industrialization of the mazda continents . it is always important that the we realize that the mazda continent is divided into a 50 full or countries courtesy of the colonizer, as with the diabolical conference in violin, in 18841880 5. when the struggle for independence started in on is the need as of the day, was quite clear that if i recall was to realize potential, she had to induct screwed eyes on we see these attempts of industrialization, azalia, the 1900 on fifty's. when gum, i'm good enough said who was saying all of egypt.