around is a conflict between the democratic republic of congo and rolanda. and in order to understand and appreciate that conflict, we must always go back to history. we must always remind ourselves that these conflicts that we encounter into the continent of africa as a result of the petition of the continent. when a julia is come, brag in your area was alive. and he was asked at one time about the problem in the congo at that time. it was known as a he reminded his audience is that this board does that. we inherited part of the problem. it is important to note that the in did in 1963 when most countries that regained independence

do are those during the add this up of a meeting one to and the board has to be re negotiate. diploma said no, not so said no, no to say no on a 2nd meeting was actually held in kylie in 1964 at which as it was resolved that the colonial boundaries should be retained. it is call, or the doctrine of the in availability of colonial boundaries. it is in that context that we must see the conflict in congo. because when the belgians to what is the now the democratic republic of congo, there was a time when rolanda on the balloon, the actually controlled by the germans. and it was then, or there was then known as the one the and then they became trust. territories of the belgians, and that is what most people know,

but not the time the boundary as well. such a niche. is that a large segment of the one these why in the are see the thoughts the kingdom was awfully in the d r. c. on some of them what to be found in what is present day one the on the present day wounded. so when the 1st the program started in one day, when the more not cause it removed in 1959, when there was a must occur on the top. see why this bus, the different parts of africa, particularly in uganda. some found themselves in tons and the, and of course some remained in east on google. that in my view was the genesis of the programs that we see today. and it is also around resources. it must not just be seen as an estimate conflict. as somebody said, come go,

i think i think it is much in meredith in his book, the fortunes of africa. he said that the congo is saw in the house with minerals, some of the least conservatively estimate that there is that 4.3.4 trillion was of minerals in the democratic republic of congo. so because of the history of global started with the conflict, number one with the immunization of blue moon, but number 2, with the 5, the attempted secession of stuff down the on of costs. the conflicts have generated on environment where there is a conflict on it came to a head when demo, but the jim was collapsing when demo, but the resume was collapsing on the hall. this should have been a, was been beginning to mount, is fight against the with the resume. it is instructive that the administration of for the government at that time and you ready for

a good that was 70 in uganda. why in the forefront of supporting the could be left was this and then did when the bill of forces found themselves moving to the assessor, they were led to by that one d. as far as i know, a friend of mine who has been the general and is now the really 3 or the intelligence adviser in uh, in, in, in one. so the problem i applied a different part of the time and the company is the government. the company's administration, during the cabella one, that is the be the hall when he was assassinated on the son to call by joseph gabriella. the problem is one, not that many, but in 1909 to 6, something happened in fungal, which led to what is sometimes referred to as the african. why the well, they want to so many countries involved in that war. in 1996,

there was the being fight under it is estimated the nearly 1000000 the depending on who you are talking to 1000000 dead and the millions of costs displays on this in itself did create a problem where the company's administration, one now beginning to say that the one d is in the congo must go back to one. and the people in the won't deal according bit. wendy's was saying, we another one. these we have all these we were born here. and it is the boundary, is the separated us from off coupon can, in what is present day one. so as a result of that, they have been many attempts at peace. we know that the united nations, as the standing foss, that these present in congo even as we speak. so there has been an attempt at the mediation by the u. n. it is important to note that the democratic republic of congo is a member of 3 regional organizations, the style soft within the region. it is a member, it is also

a member of the central office, a nation, and has been admitted into the east african community. that is why all these attempts at the mediation, i've always been taking place, but somehow this has not worked as well. and we now have a foss, which is the m 23, and they have been a transition, so which has been documented given by the united nation, that the m 23 get some logistical support from lawanda. but the one day is government has always been p as that these individuals are fighting for the 33. they may share something with us in terms of ethnic origin, but they are communities they may call themselves by normal and get but the activities. and i think the thought is not to be disputed. and the question then is how to use all of this. and those things have happened in there isn't past this

article community and through the countryside to scan your on uganda, to the forces to the democratic republic of congo, particularly in the eastern, but to preserve peace. but the companies was very unhappy because there was what then was called the night road, the initiative, which did not go very fast. they then went back the side deck on the side that the deed supply the forces during the administration of robot god being will god be. and even now during the administration of the prison, well known god bless. and that too, has not done much in terms of resolving this, but the place the question then has been, if it is true that the one that is involved, if it is true, that uganda is involved. if it is true that the democratic republic of congo is unhappy with these, particularly with the one, what then must be done on the ongoing basis. and it goes to asian as come from

a very unusual court. the child is on guard and many uh the meetings that i've been held, you know, going on in the month of november of 2020 full getting the head of state summit in alicia in townsend. yeah, it was and not to the is of the president of phone go. she shifted the did not attend because she did not want to meet for them to come down. and of course the gum, it was all ready to meet. they thought it would be negotiated, but cindy office as well at present. and one of the things that was raised during that meeting is that there is need to support the ongoing initiative. sorry to interrupt p a. now that a number of things have been accepted, that there is a conflict which is of a diverse stating kind and that there is need to ensure that that conflict is

brought to an end and that, that will require, among other things, that the forces that are being supported by the one that as it is now documented by the u. n. and the forces that seem to be the cussing instability and that's part of the area ought to be brought to the negotiation table. but it is also important to note that even as we talk about the m 23, which is one of the better organized there is documentation of this to show that they are nearly 120 the groups in it's on the phone while on process even more, and this must be understood in the context of x panel, hundreds, external himes to mean individuals and private companies which i involved in mining in the democratic republic of coal with based on federal risk. and they have these, i'm the groups, we provide them with security. so that even as you are focusing on the $23.00,

the question is, what are you going to do with these groups which uh, not under any formal command, but which pose a threat to the democratic republic of congo. i know that the meeting over child and so we've brought together presents just your kid in prison cuz i'm a, i've now agreed that there is a need for us ceasefire on one hopes that in the not too distant future, the competence of the font is in dispute would be brought together on one of the things that present jones or ends. so as i said, which i think is critical is that for the purposes of negotiation, we ought not to apportion blame that for the purposes of ensuring that the see is fire or is it is important that the font is come to the table with a clean hot and they have been reminded times without number the in did in the

context of each task because even in the context of side of it is important that they all agreed to us is fire. and when they have but staples is fire. that is, when you can now begin to negotiate us to the offshore as it ends of the people who are called in to dispute and who are the source of this problem. but what is clear and what is historically documented is that this conflict is a conflict which are the troops because of the colonial boundaries. and this colonial boundaries divided peoples in a mind that the was that once a bit tricky and painful and that it is now in comment upon the administration, both in the democratic republic of bumble and in the republic of rhonda to ensure that they allow the young girl, a process to be successful because it has the mug as the most acceptable,

the more stable and the one that is pointing, the fact is in the right direction. and the mode is also right. the mode is right that the company is, but additions on the code, the one these but additions appear to be comfortable with prison child or and so on . perhaps the fact that these 5, the move down day non goal is very useful. and in this regard, i look forward to the day when the d. s. a and one to win, sit at the table of negotiation and they will come out on peace with the breakout and they will collaborate as brothers and sisters in the stuff done. community sides out, and of course, the continental, thank you very much. we have continue with our conversations on the continent of africa, but let us take a break. we'll come back to continue with the conversation. the

reason i stumble, present last, let me understand. um you put in your sneak the because the bill of those but so they'll go with them right now if i have something available at the finance underscore casual studio mostly from you know, from jennifer marshall bible for most of the season. if i need to move nice, see from us. see if i'm busy in the processing. yeah, the whole thing in the video talk a bit if you go ski that was nigel, it's a good question chef of it for you. my shift that cool stuff. some of that you'll have to issue and associates who is it really is. so this human specimen and this provides stuff in facing the pool, right?

it's a sunlight of cool. that suffices. i have a in the dress, it was so the show and it's just the she will based color nimble in the suddenly issue. the same brought just on the safe house to come to the after care and engagement. you close the trail when so many find themselves will support, we choose to look for common ground, the the

piano to move, but here in the center of 9 robust city in the republic of kenya. and as we continue to focus on the continent of africa, today, we focus on the critical question of the industrialization of the mazda continents . it is always important that then we realize that the mazda continent is divided into a 50 full or countries to see of the colonizer, as with the diabolical conference in violin, in 1880 full on 1885. when the struggle for independence started in on is the need as of the day, was quite clear that if off with uh, was to realize potential, she had 2 industrial dies on. we see these are tense of industrialized vision as ali.