in the democratic republic of congo, underlined, and in order to understand and appreciate that conflict, we must always go back to history. we must always remind ourselves that these conflicts that we encounter into the continent of africa as a result of the petition of the continental. when a julia is come, brag in your area was a lie. and he was asked at one time about the problem in the congo at that time. it was known as a he reminded these audience is that these board does that. we inherited part of the problem. it is important to note that the in did in 1963 when most countries that regained independence do are those during the add this up of a meeting,

one to the board has to be re negotiate. diploma said no, not so said no, no to say no on a 2nd to me thing was actually held in the kylie 1964 at which, or it was resolved that the colonial boundaries should be retained, it is call or the doctrine of the inner viability of colonial boundaries. it is in that context that we must see the conflict in congo because when the belgians to what is the now the democratic republic of congo, there was a time when rolanda on the balloon, the well actually controlled by the germans. and it was then, or there was then known as the one though, and then they became cross territories of the belgians. and that is what most people know, but not the time the boundary as well. such a niche. is that

a large segment of the one these? why in the are see the thoughts the kingdom was awfully in the d. r. c on some of them was to be found in what is present day one the on the present day wounded. so when the 1st the program started in one day, when the more not cause removed in 1959, when there was a muscle on the top see why this bus, the different parts of africa, particularly in uganda. some found themselves in tons and the, and of cause some remained in east on google. that in my view was the genesis of the programs that we see today. and it is also around resources. it must not just be seen as an estimate conflict. as somebody said, come go, i think i think it is much in meredith in his book, the fortunes of africa. he said that the congo is saw in the house with the

minerals some of the least conservatively estimates that there's that default 13400000 was of minerals in the democratic republic of congo. so because of the history of global started with the conflict, number one with the elimination of the moon, but number 2, with the 5, the attempted succession of got down the on of costs. the conflicts have generated on environment where there is a conflict on it came to a head when demo, but the jim was collapsing when demo, but the resume was collapsing on the hall. this should have been a was then beginning to mount is fight against the with the resume. it is instructive that the administration's own fault, the government at that time, and you ready for a good that was 70 in uganda. why in the forefront of supporting the could be left

was and then did when the bill of forces found themselves moving to the assessor. they were led to by that one day. as far as i know, a friend of mine who has been the general and is now in the military or intelligence advising in, in, in lawanda. so the problem i applied a different part of the time and the company is the government, the company's administration. during the cabella one, that is a be the hall when he was assessing, acted on the son to called joseph gabriella. the programs one, not that many, but in 1909 to 6. something happened in phone book which led to what is sometimes referred to as the african while the war doing so many countries involved in that war. in 1996, there was i've been fight and it is estimated the nearly 1000000, depending on who you are talking to. 1000000 dead on millions of costs displays

on this in itself. did create a problem where the company's administration one now beginning to say that the one d is in congo, must go back to the one on the play in the home. they are calling bid, wendy's was saying, we are not one of these. we have all these we were born here and it is the boundaries that separated us from off keeps on can, in what is present day one. so as a result of that, they have been many attempts at peace. we know that the united nations has the funding for us that these present in global, even as we speak. so there has been on attempt at the mediation by the u. n. it is important to note that the democratic republic of congo is a member of 3 regional organizations, this styles off, within the region. it is a member. it is also a member of this central africa nation and has been admitted into the east african

community. that is why all these attempts at mediation i've always been taking place, but somehow this has not worked as well. and we now have a fuss, which is the m $23.00. and they have been a 2 vision. so which have been documented even by the united nation, that the m 23 get some logistical support from blonde. but the one day is government has always been p a that these individuals are fighting for the 33. they may share something with us in terms of ethnic origin, but the companies they may call themselves buying them land get, but the companies and i think the thought is not to be disputed. and the question then is how to use all of this. and those things have happened in the recent past, the suffolk and community, including countryside, just can you and uganda to the forced us to the democratic republic of congo,

particularly in the eastern, but to preserve peace. but the companies was very unhappy because there was what then was called the night robi initiative, which did not go very fast. they then went back to the side deck on the side of the supply, the forces during the administration of robot god being with godaddy. and even now, during the administration of the prison moving on, god bless. and that too, has not done much in terms of resolving this, but the place the question then has been, if it is true that the one that is involved, if it is true, that uganda is involved. if it is true that the democratic republic of congo is unhappy with these, particularly with the one, what then must be done on the ongoing basis. and it goes to asian has come from

a very unusual course. child is on guard and many uh, the meetings that i've been held in going on in the month of november of 2020 full, getting the head of state summit in russia in 1000. yeah. it was a not to the is as the president of global she did not attend, because she did not want to meet for them to come down. and of course, the forgotten me, it was all ready to meet. they thought it would be negotiated, but cindy office as well at present. and one of the things that was raised during that meeting is that there is a need to support the ongoing initiative. so you sort of p a now that a number of things i've been accepted, that there is a conflict which is of a diverse stating kind and that there is need to ensure that that conflict is brought to an end on the will reply. among other things that the forces that are

being supported by the one that as it is now documented by the u. n. and the forces that seem to be the cussing instability and that's part of the area ought to be brought to the negotiation table. but it is also important to note that even as we talk about the m 23, which is one of the better organized, there is a documentation of this to show that they are nearly 120. the groups in is done phone white loan box even more, and this must be understood in the context of external hunch, external himes to mean individuals and private companies which are involved in mining in the democratic republic of phone, with, based on the side of it. and they have these, i'm the groups, we provide them with the security. so that's even a view of focusing on the $23.00. the question is, what are you going to do with these groups which uh, not under any formal command,

but which posed a threat to the democratic republic of congo. i know that the meeting over child and so which brought together the presence just your kid and then click on me. i've now agreed that there is a need for us ceasefire on one hopes that in the not too distant future. the competence of the front is in dispute would be brought together and one of the things that for the child are and so as i said, which i think is critical, is that for the purposes of negotiation, we ought not to apportion blame that for the purposes of ensuring that the see is fire or is it is important that the font is come to the table with a clean hot. and they have been remind the times without number that in did in the context of is tough because even in the context of side,

it is important that they all agreed to us is fire. and when they have a stable ceasefire, that is when you can now begin to negotiate us to the offshore residence of the people who are called in to dispute. and who are the sorts of this problem. but what is, yeah, and what is historically documented is that this conflict is a conflict. we charge the troops because of the colonial boundaries on this colonial boundaries divided peoples in a mind. uh that was that one's a bit trivial and painful and that it is now in comment upon the administration, both in the democratic republic of bumble and in the republic of lunda to ensure that they allow the young bullet process to be successful. because it has the mud as the most acceptable, the more stable and the one that is pointing, the fact is in the right direction. and the mode is also right. the mode is right

that the companies, but additions on the called the one these but additions appear to be comfortable with prison child or and so on. perhaps the fact that these 5 move down day non goal is very useful. and in this regard, i look forward to the day when the d. s. a and one to will sit at the table of negotiation and they will come out and peace will break out and they will collaborate as brothers and sisters in the stuff done. community side doc, and of course the continental bostic. thank you very much. we'll continue with our conversations on the continent of africa, but let us take a break. we'll come back to continue with the conversation the, the trumping ministration, just quickly realized endings. the ukraine complex is going to be difficult and

time consuming. also, there is a growing understanding that the end of fighting does not necessarily mean creating the conditions of the release of the russian states. never as one of the most sense community best, not getting hold of all sense and the same assistance must be the one else holes. question about this, even though we will ben in the european union the kremlin mission, the state on rochester. d. s r t. suppose next, even our video agency, roughly all the band on youtube, the question did you see a request, which is the

i am theater to moon, but here in the center of night road, this city in the republic of kenya. and as we continue to focus on the continent of africa, today, we focus on the critical question of the industrialized vision of the mazda continent. it is always important that the we realize that the mazda continent is divided into a 50 full or countries courtesy of the colonizer, as with the diabolical conference in violin,

in 18841880 5. when the struggle for independence started in on is the need as of the day was quite clear that if i was to realize potential, she had during dunst good eyes on, we see these attempts of industrialized vision, azalia, the 1900 on fifty's. when gum, i'm good enough, said who was saying, all of egypt nationalize this, this was no, it is all about the attempt of industrialization. when his thoughts, they are swan hi done on the river nod. it is about industrialization. when he establishes the hell one iron nuns still subsidy, it is all about industrialized fish and the spirit of.