and into the continent of africa as a result of the petition of the continental when julius comrades in your area was alive. and he was asked at one time about the problem in the congo at that time. it was known as a, she reminded these audience is that this board does that. we inherited part of the problem. it is important to note that the in did in 1963. when most countries that regained independence do are those during the add this up? i'm missing one to the board has to be for you negotiate, you put them. i said no not. so i said no. yeah. to say no on a 2nd meeting was actually held in the kylie in 1964 at which

it was resolved that the colonial boundaries should be any day. and it is call, or the doctrine of the in availability of colonial boundaries. it is in that context that we must see the conflict in congo because when the belgians to what is the now the democratic republic of congo, there was a time when rolanda on the balloon, the actually controlled by the germans. and it was then, or there was then known as the one though, and then they became cross territories of the belgians. and that is what most people know, but not the time the boundary as well. such a niche. is that a large segment of the one these? why in the are see the thoughts the kingdom was awfully in the d r. c. on some of them. what to be found in what is present day one the on the present day wounded. so when the 1st,

the program started in one day when the more not cause it removed in 1959, when there was a must occur on the top see why i despise the different parts of africa, particularly in uganda. some found themselves in tongues and the, and of cause some remained in east on google. that in my view was the genesis of the programs that we see today. and it is also around resources. it must not just be seen as an estimate conflict. as somebody a said coma, i think, i think it is much in meredith in his book, the fortunes of africa. he said that the congo is saw in the house with minerals, some of the least conservatively estimate that there is that 4.3.4 trillion was of minerals in the democratic republic of congo. so because of the history of chrome was started with the conflict number one with the immunization of

blue moon, but number 2, with the 5, the attempted succession of got down the on of costs. the conflicts have generated on the environment where there is a conflict on it came to a head when demo, but the gym was collapsing when demo, but the resume was collapsing on the hall. this should have been a was then beginning to mount is fight against the move with the resume. it is instructive that the administration's own fault, the government at that time, and you ready for a good that was 70 in uganda. why in the forefront of supporting the could be left was and then did when the bill of forces found themselves moving to the assessor. they were led by that one day. as far as i know, a friend of mine who has been the general and is now the military or intelligence adviser in uh, in, in, in lawanda. so the problem i applied

a different part of the time, and the company is the government, the company's administration, during the cabella one, that is the be the hall when he was a subsidy and acted on his son to call by joseph gabriella. the program is one, not that many, but in 1909 to 6, something happened in phone book, which led to what is sometimes referred to as the african was. well, there are so many countries involved in that war. in 1996, there was the i've been fight and it is estimated the nearly 1000000 depending on who you are talking to. $1000000.00 dead and millions of cost displace on this in itself. be to create a problem where the company's administration one now beginning to say that that one d is in the congo must go back to the one on the play in the home. they are calling

big one days was saying we another one. these we are going to these, we were born here, and it is the boundaries that separated us from off keeps on can, in what is present day one. so as a result of that, they have been many attempts at peace. we know that the united nations, as the funding for us, that these present in global, even as we speak. so there has been an attempt at the mediation by the you, and it is important to note that the democratic republic of congo is a member of 3 regional organizations. this styles off, within the region. it is a member, it is also a member of the central effort technician, and has been admitted into the east african community. that is why all these attempts at the mediation, i've always been taking place, but somehow this has not worked as well. and we now have a foss, which is the m $23.00, and they have been a transition,

so which have been documented even by the united nation, that the m $23.00 get some logistical support from the land. but the one day is government has always been p a that these individuals are fighting for the 33. they may share something with us in terms of ethnic origin, but they are companies they may call themselves by normal and get but the companies and i think the thought is not to be disputed. and the question then is how do you solve this? and those things have happened in there isn't past this article community, including countryside desk and yeah, and uganda to the forced us to the democratic republic of congo, particularly in the eastern, but to preserve peace. but the companies was very unhappy because there was what then was called the night road, the initiative, which did not go very fast. they then went back the side deck on the side of the

deed supply, the forces during the administration of robot god being with god be and even now during the administration of the prison, well known god bless. and that too, has not done much in terms of resolving this particular issue. the question then has been, if it is true that the one that is involved, if it is true, that uganda is involved. if it is true that the democratic republic of congo is unhappy with these, particularly with the one, what then must be done on the ongoing basis. and it goes to asian has come from a very unusual course. child is on goal and many uh the meetings that i've been held in on going on in the month of november of 2020 full getting the head of state summit in alicia in 1000. yeah. it was and not to the is of

the president of global ship and they did not attend because he did not want to meet for them to come down. and of course, then forgotten me. it was all ready to meet. they thought it would be negotiated, but cindy office as well at present. and one of the things that was raised during that meeting is that there is need to support the ongoing initiative. so he throwed up p a. now that a number of things, i've been accepted, that there is a conflict which is of a diverse stating kind and that there is need to ensure that that conflict is brought to an end and that, that will require, among other things, that the forces that are being supported by the one that as it is now documented by the u. n. and the forces that seem to be the cussing in instability and that's part of the area ought to be brought to the negotiation table. but it is also important to note that even as we talk about the m 23,

which is one of the better organized, there is documentation of this to show that there are nearly 120 the groups in it's on the phone while on boston even more, and this must be understood in the context of x panel hands external himes to mean individuals and private companies which i involved in mining in the democratic republic of global, based on federal risk. and they have these, i'm the groups, we provide them with security, so that even as you are focusing on the $23.00, the question is, what are you going to do with these groups which uh, not under any formal command, but which posed a threat to the democratic republic of congo, i know that the meeting over child and so we've brought together presents just your kid and for them to guide me. i've now agreed that there is

a need for ceasefire on one. hopes that in the not too distant future, the competence of the font is in dispute would be brought together. and one of the things that for the child are and so as i said, which i think is critical, is that for the purposes of negotiation, we ought not to apportion blame that for the purposes of ensuring that the c is via ours. it is important that the font is come to the table with a clean hot, and they have been reminded times without number the in did in the context of each task. because even in the context, those sides of it is important that they all agreed to us is fire. and when they have but staples sees fire. that is, when you can now begin to negotiate us to the offshore residence of the people who are called in to dispute and who are the source of this program. but what is

clear on what is historically documented is that this conflict is a conflict which i did troops because of the colonial boundaries. and this colonial boundaries divided peoples in a mind. uh that was that one's a bit tricky and painful and that it is now in comment upon the administration both in the democratic republic of bumble and in $35.00 because wonder to ensure that the allow the young girl a process to be successful because it has the mug as the most acceptable, the most stable and the one that is pointing, the fact is in the right direction. and the mood is also right. the mood is right that the companies, but additions on the code, the one these but additions appear to be comfortable with prison child or, and so on. perhaps the fact that these fighting move down the non goal is very useful. and in this regard, i look forward to the day when the d. s. a and one to win,

sit at the table of negotiation and they will come out and this will break out and they will collaborate as brothers and sisters. and based off of the community side doc, and of course, the continental profit. thank you very much. we'll continue with our conversations on the continent of africa, but let us take a break. we'll come back to continue with the conversation the same wrong. just don't we have to shape out the application and engagement equals the trail. when so many find themselves will support. we choose to look for common ground,

the the the

i am theater one, but here in the center of night road, this city in the republic of kenya. and as we continue to focus on the continent of africa, today, we focus on the political question of the industrialized vision of the mazda continent. it is always important that then we realize that the mazda continent is divided into a 50 full or countries courtesy of the colonizer, as with the diabolical conference in violin, in 18841880 5. when described before, independence started in on is the need as of the day, was quite clear that if i was to realize potential, she had 3 and done secured eyes on we see these are tense of industrialized vision, azalia, the 1900 on fifty's. when gum, i'm good enough,

start who's saying all of you. nice. generalize this? this was a con. no. it is all about the attempt of industrialization. when his thoughts, they are swan hi done on the river, not it is about industrialization. when he establishes the headed, one iron on still subsidy, it is all about industrialization. and the spirit of industrialized vision is made alive even by either lead as gun requirement room after the gun already gains independence. the 1900 on 57. begin is the conversation around industrialization. it is on that basis. that is thoughts that.