ukraine from the hetman dogulyiter will premiere on friday at 23:50 on the russia channel the most anticipated tv series in russia it will be very soon, the most long-awaited premiere is only on the platform. i forgot

after it became known about the events that had taken place in petrograd about the seizure of power by the revolutionaries on february 27, 1717. on march 1, kolchak turned to the black sea fleet with a prize to continue fulfilling his duty to the sovereign emperor by birth, the order was from the day before the emperor's abdication from the order of admiral kolchak, the crew of the black sea fleet ordered the units of the black sea fleet entrusted to me to continue to fulfill their duty to the sovereign, the emperor and the homeland after the very renunciation. uh this man, before. how to recognize the provisional government information about the renunciation at first received radiograms russian woman chairman of the state duma from the box to this here, we believe and everything and rechecked this life sent a request to the headquarters of the supreme commander, it is

an indisputable fact that kolchak swore an oath to the composition of the black sea fleet of the oath to the provisional government, but the rationale for this act was quite in the spirit. uh the then uh, military goals of military sentiment. this is the need to end the war with germany, the victorious end of the war with germany why do you forget that when emperor nicholas ii abdicated, transferring power to his brother mikhail alexandrovich, he simultaneously appointed this provisional government by decree, and after mikhail alexandrovich's refusal from the throne to the founder of his assembly. this is a provisional government. it automatically remained in this way the only formal-legal way authorities. that is, this fact of a double renunciation of formally voluntary, he knocked the ground out of the feet of even sincere monarchists. played a role and that in his farewell order to the army. e,

the sovereign emperor directly called on the soldiers officers to obey the interim government for the sake of, e, the victorious end of the war after the announcement of political substitutions, and in russia many migrants rushed. here is a telegram dated march 10, 1917 from the foreign ministers of the provisional government. pavel milyukov to ambassadors envoys and consuls canceled all previous restrictions on the issuance of documents for return to russia to persons. whom entry into russia was banned for political reasons. and we opened the road to russia in the end. russia had to think for itself whom it would let in, many russian diplomats who understood. how harmful this influx of emigrants is, nevertheless, after the announcement of political revenge, they could not do anything, only america alone would immediately leave in

11 groups of more than 6,000 people all professional revolutionaries. lev trotsky , who was printed in new york in russian-language newspapers , will soon lead the new world, the petrograd soviet of workers 'and soldiers' deputies, and then the october revolution, his friend grigory chudnovsky will become commissar of the winter palace, carpenter semyon vaskov, chairman of the factory committee, the sestroretsk arms factory. from where, on the eve of the october revolution, 6,000 screws will disappear tailor moses volodarsky will be the main agitator of the petrograd bolsheviks veniamin sverdlov transferring money from new york to russia after the seizure of power will lead the russian red cross and will take care of the railways. american socialist party activist mikhail yanyshev will be appointed head of the moscow ref. tribunal american anarchist bill shatov in 1919

will become the commandant of petrograd, lawyer alexander krasnoshchekov. he will send to the far east to lead the bolshevik approach. typographic typesetter alexander minkin will head the union of printers and will also control the production of cash coopers. american mission interpreter red cross alexander gubern will become an intermediary between the american embassy and the bolsheviks, the american communist boris reinstein. he will head the propaganda bureau of the world revolution and, as an assistant to lenin, will sit in the kremlin. an interesting question is why wilson, being an ally of russia, nevertheless did not prevent the departure of a significant number of radicals, although the united states seems to have understood. that the returning radicals will not strengthen the positions of the provisional government in any way. and ulyanov lenin, the february coup found in zurich and sail

through intermediaries, he urgently began to prepare his transfer to russia. on april 9, the first batch of 32 russian emigrants, led by ulyanov lenin , left zurich. they moved into a sealed wagon, which was accompanied by two officers of the german gentan. captain fund, flange and lieutenant von buhring, who spoke fluent russian and soon a telegram was received in berlin. lenin's arrival in russia was a success. he works in accordance with our clans in the aftermath of a high-ranking german general erich ludendorff. he admitted that by sending lenin to russia, our government assumed a special responsibility. from a military point of view, this enterprise was justified. russia had to be thrown down immediately after lenin's arrival in russia, the army and the navy began to distribute leaflets with his april theses. they called for an

end to the war. which was certainly beneficial only to germany and not to russia. then in april , the first legal bolshevik organizations on all ships of the black sea fleet began to agitate our sailors for a transfer to another power. up to this point, the entrance was doing its own thing, all the more there was a threat of an attack by german lessers, so the fleet would have been busy. in the same april, in another defeatist article, lenin threw into the army the idea of ​​fraternization, fraternization, there is a way to peace. it is clear that this path begins to break the damned discipline of the prison barracks, the discipline of the dead obedience of soldiers to their officers and generals. long live bro

hears about how fraternization begins at the front. but this is not just some kind of truce concluded between the soldiers, because the germans, for their part, controlled these bros very well, and in this sense, the good-natured russian soldier, who believed that now he would face off with the germans, the war would end home. he was simply deceived. here , on the territory of a flat carriage, a rally was to take place, in which the delegation of petrograd, bolshevik agitators disguised as military uniforms took part. knowing this, if you all these kolchak arrived at this rally along with his flag officer from the minutes of the interrogation of admiral kolchak. i made a speech to the commanding officers, which outlined the collapse at the front. he said that the loss of the war would be the loss of everything connected with the name of the fatherland, that the cessation of the war on our part would lead to one of the two or to the

triumph of germany over russia, or if, nevertheless, the allies defeated the disgrace of russia in speeches , demands were repeatedly made to stop hostilities stop preparing for the bosphorus operation to stop obeying the officers of the black sea fleet and accusations were made personally against alexander vasilyevich kolchak, trying with all his might to maintain discipline in the black sea fleet. he is trying to maintain the combat effectiveness of the black sea whip, because these things are interconnected, when the command of the ships makes a decision that its commanders need to be removed from the ship, because he is too brave for kolchak - this, of course, is just a slap in the face and naturally. kolchak couldn't. take uh over yourself this is the leadership from the local council from the local army naval committees there. uh, he was brought up on the traditions of unity of command on the traditions of a clear, rigid military vertical of military subordination. from the protocol of the

question of admiral kolchak at the same time, i finally came to the conclusion that, given the situation that had arisen in the fleet , it was useless for me to remain its commander and asked the minister of marine and war of kerrin to remove me from command. kerrinsky asked to stay temporarily, pointing out that in the near future he will be on the black sea and hopes to settle the matter. in may 1917, the commander of the black sea fleet, alexander vasilyevich kolchak , had repeated meetings with the military and naval minister alexander kirinsky, who arrived in sevastopol, his conversations and conversations were diametrically opposed to questions of military discipline, the organization of military service and the management of the black sea fleet. from the protocol of the interrogation of admiral kolchak, after the departure of kirensky, nothing has

changed, and soon serious events began. i considered it the result of a provocative work similar to work in the baltic fleet. we must not forget that the first victims of february. it was precisely the naval officers, it was a wave of massacres of officers who swept in the main bases of the baltic fleet and, in fact, one of the most famous victims was the commander of the fleet, admiral adriano ivanovich not penin. from the protocol of the interrogation of admiral kolchak on june 5, from one of the battleships, at about 3 o’clock in the afternoon, a radio order was given, i don’t know whose and under whose signature, but the disarmament of the officers and searches in their apartments i cabins when it started several officers ended up protesting suicide. even when on the ust-kan and the bolsheviks the sailors make

a decision. it's about taking away weapons from officers, but that would seem to be all, the end in general, as far as possible to fight when an officer trusts me, even his personal weapons, nevertheless. he hopes that now this clouding will pass by the conversion of consciousness. in this building, the former building of the weather station, and now one of the departments of the sevastopol marine hospital lived in the commander of the black sea fleet, alexander kolchak , along this very ladder, admiral, kolchak went down to the pier. i got on the boat and left for george the victorious, which was stationed in the southern sponge. from the protocol of interrogating admiral kolchak on my ship, george the victorious, i myself gave the order not to resist and at the same time called the team of this

ship to her. i said disarmament requirements. i , as a senior officer of the fleet, consider it a personal insult and refuse to command the fleet, while i threw my saber into the sea. that evening the same day when the commander of the fleet kolchak threw his signature weapon overboard to his house. revolutionary sailors arrived with a demand to surrender command of the black sea fleet and give them all the secret documents that he has in his house. to which kolchak replied that i had already handed over the command of the fleet and no secret documents. in my house. no, it turns out these documents were needed in order to subsequently transfer the secret documents of the black sea year to the germans, he could, like some military figures join this process of democratization of the army, put on a red bow, speak at sailors' rallies, denounce the reaction, stigmatize

nicholas ii, and so on, but kolchak did not follow this path. he has not demonstrated a selfish private interest. he tried. it may even be an element of his career death to stop this process. from the interrogation protocol of admiral kolchak the next day in the morning i received the news that the american military mission of admiral glenn had arrived in sevastopol to study the setting of a mine affairs and anti-submarine warfare. on the black sea, america was interested in the fact that both during the first world war and after the february revolution , it was interested in russia continuing to participate in the world war, thereby complicating the position of germany, which came to her war. from the memoirs of the mission's interpreter, lieutenant dmitry fedotov we had finished our breakfast by the time the train dragged itself to the platform of the

sevastopol station, expecting to see the meeting of the delegation. i only noticed a group of three naval officers, a sailor and a worker clearly awaiting missions, the picture cleared up in the black sea fleet. the last citadel of a disciplined and orderly russian navy was captured by the bolsheviks. on june 7, a telegram arrived in sevastopol from petrograd. the provisional government orders admiral kolchak, who allowed an obvious rebellion , to immediately leave for petrograd for a personal report on this telegram. admiral kolchak was put in the position of a person under investigation. this is no longer an army and command. uh, in such an environment, kolchak considered for himself further simply senseless and a disgrace, he was in petrograd, where he made an extremely harsh report at a meeting of the provisional government. directly blame him for the collapse of military discipline. kolchak's speech

, the minister was listened to in deathly silence , a commission of the minister of justice, zarudny, was sent to sevastopol to investigate the mutiny in the black sea fleet, meanwhile, vice admiral kolchak met with the american admiral glenny kolchak in the winter palace, and was invited to take part in the dardanelles operation of the american navy later translator mission lieutenant. fedotov will write in his memoirs that the idea to invite kolchak belonged to him. america was an ally of russia in april of the seventeenth year and hatched plans for the then dardonel operation in preparation, which they intended very much to use kolchak and ooo on the one hand. he understood perfectly well that this was no longer russia, but on the other hand. he perfectly understands that the black sea fleet is in the state it was in in the spring of 1917 under the influence of revolutionary events, even more so. this landing operation did not

carry out a disastrous process for russia, only deepened on july 3 took place. the first armed action of radical forces under the slogan down with the war, in which those who arrived from abroad took part. the main object of the attack was the counterintelligence building on voskresensk embankment, where the documents on the transfer of money from abroad for the revolution back in the spring of the summer of 1717 were put at stake , generally speaking, all the victims and all the gains of russia did during world war i. it seemed. now it's all going to go to waste. in general, to national disgrace. russia has been on the move since february. admiral kolchak i am sure that, if desired, the government, taking a firmer course, could stop the development of bolshevism, but in petrograd there was a state of dual power to continue the

struggle against germany, i considered it possible and ending the war was completely unacceptable. it was impossible to convince him that the revolution is the result of objective, subjective prerequisites and etc. e that the tsarist regime was doomed, that the power of the soviets of workers' christian soldiers' deputies. this is the only democratic form of government that, in principle, perhaps he never believed in it. in the meantime, the commission for rudny returned to petrograd and confirmed the legitimacy of all steps, it was not by chance that even then in the right circles of russian society they began to outline kolchak as one of the candidates for the role of the future dictator. then this role went to kornilov, since kolchak was in july in the seventeenth year, kerrinsky was sent on a business trip to the united states from a decree of the interim government, the purpose of sending a naval mission is to transfer to the american fleet the experience of our

naval warfare, in particular mine warfare and the fight against submarines, according to the current situation , vice admiral kolchak can hardly be used in the near future in russia from the protocol of the interrogation of admiral kolchak, leaving russia, i was convinced that this was the only way i could serve russia, that i could not command the fleet, but if if i had received an order from the government, i would have fulfilled the composition of the naval mission, among the officers who went to kolchak there were those who later became his or his associates, like mikhail ivanovich smirnov and those who served under him , such as, for example, driver stepanovich makarov , son of admiral makarov. in addition to them, the mission included four more people, including lieutenant ivan vuich, who left memories of this trip, fearing german intelligence to the norwegian city of bergen. ani, including kolchak, got under

they had a two-week stopover from the uk on their way to the us, he spoke brilliant english, er, knew english perfectly . from the minutes of the interrogation of admiral kolchak here i saw only the leaders of the english fleet, and their attitude towards the russians. in england, it was rather positive. kolchak's fame was so great that during his stay in london, the british, indifferent to everything except themselves, greeted him on the street and during this e, a short period of stay in england, he was especially established in in general, the most respectful mutual respectful relations with the command of the british fleet, and the british fleet, as you know, that during the period of britain was still mistress maria this is the most powerful most exemplary flag in the world from the protocol of the question of admiral kolchak i left england with an

eye on the auxiliary cruiser grozny we arrived safely in halifax shortly after. i learned that i would abandon the plan for sending a fleet to the mediterranean . and in america, he was simply disappointed , the americans are waging war only for the sake of advertising, but american democracy turned out to be false to him deceitful in terms of the state system, therefore, i cannot have any enthusiasm that he had when he waged a war for russia, uh. from the record of the question of admiral kolchak in america , the attitude towards the russians in general was negative; i assumed to return to russia at that time. i had a conversation with wilson, who asked me about the situation in russia and was interested in my opinion about the cause of the defeat in the gulf of riga, which i could explain only by the morale of the team from the memoirs of a member of the naval mission, lieutenants

ivanovic during his stay in washington a lot of concern. our naval agent captain of the first rank showed us about us. nothing, according to the charter, we all the time received large daily allowances and could make savings. there are reports from the activities of this mission, of course, the documents show complete groundlessness. uh, some now biased and speculative statements about supposedly some kind of recruitment or even some kind of cooperation or even communication with american intelligence. kolchak hurried to return to his homeland on october 25, he and the members of the naval mission on the ship kariumuru set off from san francisco to vladivostok from a stopover in japan from the minutes of the interrogation of admiral kolchak upon arrival you akohama i was fully informed about events in russia for the first time news of peace with germany was a heavy blow for me. i saw that this was a blow to the independence of russia

, it was precisely this fact that at first the separator of negotiations with germany he prompted him, first of all, not to recognize. this is the bolshevik government, because it considered it a criminal capitulation , a betrayal in fact, crossing out all russia's military activities in world war i and, in fact, the stolen victory kolchak never returned to this house, but his family continued to live here and that's shortly after the october revolution in the house. we appeared revolutionary bolsheviks. they demanded some secret documents, hoping that admiral kolchak would return to pick up his family, but they did not find the documents and seized all kolchak's orders, with the exception of only one st. george cross , which he constantly wore on his uniform. about

this receipt, issued to kolchak's wife sofya fedorov during a search, confiscated stanislav 2 anna one vladimir two medals six what edge and what abyss has receded fortunately over the years, our country, we have an organization from guides who have the opportunity to go to regional governments, bypassing the leadership of the federation for someone who does not understand it looks somehow tempting unexpectedly nothing threatening. well, when it comes to such a country, how is russia here, how to be, this is where it leads leads exactly to what calls for life to the collapse of the country, turning it into oblomov but this is the

visible part of it, the invisible part of besogon tv tomorrow at 22:45 on the channel, russia an interesting place, when i tell them about what i feel, they listen but they don't hear. and that's bad. no one can rewrite our history. this is only one of the folders prepared by the soviet prosecution for the international military in nuremberg, but no one will close the border for us, always together, always in the net, people so strong. wow you froze not breaks watch the masterpieces of world documentary classic novelties. without

registration, i love you. the main person here is our son, you yourself are of great love. i am here to be where you are, as they are and will not be our destiny of fatal passion immediately

after the program. sevastopol since the time of catherine ii, the main naval base of the black sea fleet of russia in june 1917, 3 months after the february revolution, vice admiral alexander vasilyevich kolchak was forced to transfer his authority as commander and leave the city, as it turned out, forever. only later. he knows about the fate of his comrades-in-arms, who, after the october revolution, will be brutally killed during the st. bartholomew's night. so called in the language of the sailor freemen

officers were slaughtered only for two nights on february 22 and 23, 1918 . in sevastopol alone, according to various estimates, from 600 to 800 naval and army officers will be deprived of their lives and this will become the prologue of the red terror in sevastopol immediately after they came to power through an armed coup in october 1917, the bolsheviks, on behalf of russia, announced the end hostilities and an armistice from germany and literally a day later. they also announced by decree the creation of a provisional workers' and peasants'

government of the council of people's commissars, which will remain in effect until the convocation of a constituent assembly of elections that took place throughout the country and the testimony of an associate of admiral kolchak, captain, second rank ivan wich, upon arrival from america to japan, the admiral immediately went to tokyo to to our naval agent, rear admiral boris durov, and asked him to request instructions from petrograd. where did the new head of the marine of the general staff, yevgeny behrens, in cipher, did not advise the admiral to appear on russian territory. in the meantime, on december 15, 1917, the official envoy of aiser germany, count mirbach, entered petrograd as a winner and immediately went to the smolny klinina, according to the germans, he said that the upcoming constituent assembly would not accept our agreements with you on a peace treaty. in response, lenin assured the german

envoy that he did not need to worry about this, the whole country was waiting for the elections, the constituent assembly of their results. generally up to in the summer, local self-government elections were held and city dumas were elected, that is, the formation of local authorities took place and the face of this whole thing. there were to be elections to the constituent assembly. but when the constituent assembly finally meets, it will be dispersed the very next day by the bolsheviks, and the peaceful demonstration in support of it will be shot at the promise given by lenin to the counts. he mirbach will be executed in december 1917, a decree was issued by this people's commissars, who decided that there would be no differences between officers between honored people, the backbone of any army and between the mass of soldiers from the diary of the general nose of the british military attache in russia on december 19, the assembled officer of the petrograd guards regiment

announced that from now on they would receive a salary and rations of an ordinary soldier, almost all had military awards, and the eldest of them, a colonel with the order of st. george on his chest, with tears in his eyes , took out his saber, decorated with the st. george ribbon and cut off the shoulder straps from himself and from his comrades. and crying later they managed to get a job as porters at the nikolaevsky railway station, in order to save families from starvation, shoulder straps were eliminated, they were canceled were eliminated. all awards. all insignia was eliminated, circulation, heating. all officers lost their ranks and generals and officers of the russian army. after that, it can be said that the testimony of admiral kolchak's comrade-in-arms, captain, second rank ivanovich, finally collapsed. the admiral firmly decided to continue the war, believing that with the help of the british. he will succeed, he has received full support from

side of rear admiral durov and ambassador to japan krupensky. we were given additional daily allowances. for all the time of our wanderings, neither the admiral nor his officers received a single song from the british, and he decides not to return to russia after that. to continue participating in the war with germany, which he still considered an enemy of russia, and he submits a petition to the british government for employment through the british ambassador in japan . and without pronouncing for themselves any conditions in any capacity. he was ready to continue war with the germans there were specific documents in accordance with which the russian officer during the fighting had the right to go over to the side of the allies in the fight against a common enemy for russia and the allies, then there was a single marriage. in germany, everyone

knows the famous french squadron normandy was not there, who fought in a foreign country on a foreign front, but nevertheless these heroic pilots fought against a common enemy. and naturally. they fight against a common enemy. they fought and for their france kolchak's wife sofya fedorovna to participate in the war is my first and main desire. because i don't see. how can i serve my motherland apart from the fight against its main enemy. i ask you to convey my blessing to slavushka and tell him what i am doing. since the duty of the military in relation to the motherland orders me according to the concepts of military obligations and honor. as for why the british, uh, very simply, kolchak uh, wrote in one of his letters that he considers the british to be one or the power of that nation that will never

imprison the germans in this war, considering them irreconcilable enemies of germany kolchak and considered it possible to cooperate with them. in this capacity, hmm, meanwhile , on december 22, 1917 in brest, lithuanian, the chief commander of the german eastern front, prince leopold of bavaria, opened negotiations with the delegation and the bolsheviks on the terms of the future treaty due to the carrying of an officer of the german general staff to the foreign ministry on the preconditions for peace negotiations between germany and russia the matter is settled general to the people of the roads formulated the following principles for peace negotiations with bolshevik russia to germany lithuania courland, including riga and the islands recognition of the right of peoples to self-determination evacuation of russians from finland estonia livonia moldavia eastern galicia and armenia these conditions

were so monstrous in relation to russia that even many companions of lenin in february 1918 opposed the germans moved from pskov petrograd , moreover, the troops were numerous, but this caused a terrible panic. the bolsheviks for some time made an appeal to the socialist fatherland for the danger of the only time he uttered on fatherland. the socialist fatherland is in danger, you understand that the fatherland is also not typical for the bolsheviks, when you need it. oh, how immediately, they say to get by, you understand that you need to touch the living, the artificially heated panic with shouts to the germans at the gates allowed lenin to crush his opposition to accept the german conditions in bress-litovsk. we know on what terms in what ways and thanks? why lenin appeared in russia for money it is clear that in the game of the germans their support for lenin was a way to achieve their goals

they wanted to take their troops away from the eastern front, supporting lenin. they could achieve the withdrawal of their troops and transfer them in the spring of 1918 to the british front in france, but when in the spring of 1918 germany landed troops in finland and there was a real threat that the germans would seize the railway in murmansk petrograd and strategically important ports, then the british and french governments decided to intervene in the north of russia, holding fountains was to prevent the passage of a large supply of weapons, accumulated in military depots in russian ports in vladivostok in murmansk in arkhangelsk and allow the transition of these military stocks to the germans before the bolsheviks, given the dependence of the government. lenin at that time the actual germans. and the soviet textbooks that the intervention

was in order to stifle the soviet government, nothing like the troops were actually introduced . in real hostilities, there were only small terms such as a little battle clashes with the red army, there were local ones. only later after civil war many years later, soviet historians. it was then that they launched this version that the intervention had begun and that kolchak had absolutely nothing to do with these landings of the allied forces, that is, the british french japanese, of course, and long before that, the former commander of the black sea fleet alexander vasilyevich kolchak received appointments from the british allies of russia, but not to the fleet, which would be logical for a naval officer. she is a land-based mesopotamian front. this is the territory of modern the iraqi fleet, therefore, did not really exist in half. but there were russian military units that fought in the world war as part of the

pension corps against the turks, who, like kolchak himself, declared that they would continue the war, he sought to continue russia's military efforts so that our country would not be presented with a hard score for the fact that we have concluded a separate peace with germany, that is, kolchak accepts on himself the obligations that our country gave to the allies in the most difficult war, which about the accusations. uh, admiral kolchak that he was recruited by british intelligence, but firstly, such documents. no, i say this as a person. ah, worked many times. e in the archive of the foreign intelligence service, where the documents are concentrated second. and in what sense he had to enlist. here is admiral kolchak because the money was needed. we know his image - this is according to the principle, stop the thief. yes, a thief, shouting, hold the gate, because, but we know very well, and this has already been

published about those intelligence officers of the west who were surrounded. uh, the bolshevik leaders english intelligence officer george hill was lenin's official adviser on rail transport and trotsky's advisers on military intelligence and red aviation , military attaches. at the french mission in petrograd, captain jacques sadoul participated in the creation of the red army at the request. lenin propagated the ideas of bolshevism in europe lieutenant colonel raymond robins headed the mission of the american red cross in russia in december 1917. william thompson, wrote. we must support the power of the bolsheviks. as long as possible, and then the new revolutionary russia will turn to the united states looking ahead. it can be said that this is how it turned out also robins lobbied us president

wilson's greeting to the fourth congress of soviets this extraordinary congress opened already in moscow panic with the german offensive on petrograd gave lenin an excellent reason to move the capital to moscow on the night of march 10-11 under the protection of the latvian riflemen took place a secret operation to move the entire bolshevik elite, which was engaged in distribution of kremlin apartments, and not criticism of the press-lithuanian agreement. in one of the clauses of this agreement, such a demand was delayed in the baltic sea, in the parts of the black sea subject to russia, the removal of minefields should immediately begin. the very ones alexander vasilyevich kolchak worked on setting during the war and the peace treaty was essentially a capitulation of such a shame. uh, russia has not known since the time of the mongol-tatar yoke, when all the western territories of the country are there, including ukraine, belarus

baltic states poland beyond the caucasus crimea fell into the hands of the enemy. this is a tragic act of the bolsheviks, a consequence that we feel today, if i had a daring peace, most likely, there would be no nato in the baltic states now they often talk about the point on the date from which the civil war began, for many of this point there was dispersal and reading meeting, but for the majority of the officers for the majority, let's say the service class, some such, defining date was the conclusion of the brest peace, which many regarded as national humiliation and disgrace and so, starting from the moment of the brest-ledovsk peace treaty, to put it in diplomatic terms. russia has ceased to be an ally, since it has made peace with the enemy. to the grounds that the bolsheviks entered into separate negotiations with a nose, that they violated the agreement of september 5, 1914, which was

concluded by members of the entente of russia, great britain and france, that they would never enter into separate negotiations with the enemy and the publication by trotsky of secret treaties of march 15 may 16th years on the acquisition of prizes, let's say, as a result of the war, when russia was supposed to withdraw to the black sea straits with constantinople made public all this, they violated the second treaty and the entente should embody that successive legitimate russia, the russian government, which did not draw the treaty of brest, signed the treaty of brest, lenin signed the treaty of brest with a sarcom, but it was not kolchak signed one of the clauses of the brest-litovsk agreement contained a demand to immediately disband the russian army, which was voiced by the drug addict for foreign affairs, lev trotsky, with his phrase, no peace, no war, but we will disband the army

soon. he will be appointed people's commissar for military and naval affairs. what happened to the officers there were quite a lot of about 300,000 officers and, of course, these people found themselves in an extremely difficult situation, they lost their favorite business, to which they devoted their whole lives and, of course, this is officer material became fertile ground for the anti-bolshevik movement, destroying the old army of the bolsheviks. they began to create new ones on february 23, 1918 . lenin in smolny was visited by three us citizens albert williams, samuel gursky and arnold were not two of them in the past native of the russian empire with a proposal to lenin that he liked it very much the next day. truth has published this article. the department of formation and training under the all-russian board of organization

and management of the red army announces that they are allowed to form under one of the military parts of petrograd, the first revolutionary international detachment of the red army from foreigners, the spoken language is english , organized by a bureau for the records of foreigners of various nationalities. the soviet government and lenin and trotsky, as people's commissar for military affairs , addressed the representatives of military missions, e.g. allies in a fountain to the british, the french, to the americans, italians, and to some others. uh, what a request to help them form a new army, it is obvious that the fears of resuming the war against them turned trotsky at that moment in the direction of the entente, he told them, help me create an army. i can’t say

why i need it, but help me, he openly addressed this request to nations, countries, tanks of the military france in russia, general, or rather the chief of the general staff of france, generals forsun, on march 23, 19. 2017, trotsky gathered representatives of france usa great britain to italy, in order to ask for the organization of military assistance, everyone promised help in response to a telegram. i approve your reply to trotsky on the question of cooperation french officers in the reorganization of the russian army, that is, paris expresses its readiness to participate in the organization of the russian army so that it is able to continue the war against germany and against austria letters from the face of admiral kolchak to

general ann china april 23, 1918, you, as a military person, completely understand the absurdity of creating a socialist trotsky's army to fight the german troops, but nevertheless some allies were ready to support. this absurdity in the hope that something will come of it? what trotsky needed it, he needed the red army , which did not exist. he needed to reorganize the army so that it became the army of the revolution, which was not there at that time. if, in french, the americans, the british, the italians, in fact the countries of the entente, helped create such an army, then why not, but absurdity, oh, which wrote kolchak continued another idea to create a new army was submitted by the czechoslovak communists who worked for the bolsheviks in moscow consists of revolutionaries from democrats from

workers and peasants. it would be nice to attract him to make arcade the core of the new army, and chekhov’s military authority then stood very high, this corps was formed during the great war, it was formed from chekhovs and slovaks, both living in russia and subsequently the military. and he fought for the freedom of his countries of the czech republic of slovakia and then russian officers commanded them after the brest-litovsk peace, the czechoslovak corps remained the only one that retained discipline by armed force on the territory of russia, but it was already subordinate to the french high command, the high command said we are princes, but the discretion of the czechs themselves as the czech republic will decide it will be so, when they turned to the czechs themselves, the czech republic

answered negatively to lizalia. the allies have asked the revolutionary russian government to facilitate the departure of all czechoslovaks and are turning to the trotskys with this. what does trotsky answer? i forbid the departure of these czechoslovaks who are with me, because i would like to have the right to use them against the germans. after the separate withdrawal of russia from the war, the czechoslovak corps intended go to the western front to continue participating in the war on the side. entente they already had such an agreement on march 14-15 of the eighteenth year. all this time, many parts. and he recruited especially many former prisoners of war from germany and the avtovenga, especially manyats. and he had

the so-called international units , which were also quite decent combat capability. the revolutionary regiment international and communist battalions were composed, among other things, because of the english-speaking mercenaries, the parade was hosted by the people's commissar of the military, leon trotsky was still in his coat and hat. they subsequently got up the famous leather jackets and caps with a five-pointed star. all this was watched by lenin with his wife and sister, as well as graf von mihrah, who was already in the rank of official ambassador of kaiser germany in moscow, he needed only a cook in order to take chekhov what is called hard hands. and the reason did not force the czechs were provoked into waiting for their speech by the telegrams of the people's commissar for

naval affairs trotsky, who declared them traitors, ordered to destroy the corps and any resisting czech, to immediately arrest and shoot along the railroad strip, that is, from the side of the bolsheviks, the actual declaration of war against the czechoslovak followed , that is, what did the czech republic do they raised the glove that trotsky threw to them and after that the military conflict was inevitable to lenin's transformation of the world war into civil began to be rapidly implemented in a short time in large areas of the volga urals, siberia and the far east, weak, soviet power was overthrown by parts of the czechoslovak corps. whose echelons stretched along the trans-siberian railway? taking advantage of the situation, armed officer detachments were organized, which also overthrew soviet power in the territory controlled by the corps and already on june 4,

1918. the entente declared the czechoslovak corps part of its armed forces in russia what the ententes feared for that period was the restoration of the eastern front, but already under the german flag. that is. uh, soviet russia , together with germany, will fight against tank countries, and here a bet was made on the czechoslovak corps. what does france do all the polish czechoslovak movements suddenly receive not just political recognition, but political and military recognition and become new allies of france behind their backs in germany and in the same june, the soviet people's commissars for foreign affairs, chicherin write to the soviet plenipotentiary in england, litvinov. offering economic deals to germany we offer the same deals to the countries of consent, and to both. we

pointed out that inna benefits to give. maybe it ’s better for them to enter into deals with us, and not try to strangle us, but lenin’s bolsheviks why did they have a concept, they bit off germany, which agreed to pay territorial concessions, ukraine, after all. uh, how they gave away this land. let's say. they added february to novorossia as part of the negotiations on the brest peace, the eighteenth year, the germans demanded to join. this is all to their sphere of influence, they and mandalas, and then, when the ukrainian ussr was created, they did not return back, having paid off from germany, the bolsheviks. we decided to pay off there. but the german intelligence did not doze off, already on june 5 in berlin they began to urgently look for new financial levers of influence on the bolshevik government. german ministry of foreign affairs ministry of finance top secret until now managed to isolate the bolsheviks from the influence of the entente, however, every day brings surprises

count mir bak said that he would need 3 million marks a month to carry out his activities, our source, from which we have so far taken funds for the conquest of russia, the size has already been exhausted, the amount provided at our disposal should be at least 40 million marks. financial flows came in. it was through the world of bach that the mirba contacted his boss tulman. it was the minister of affairs of the country, tulman, who contacted the minister of finance and allocated money. the last large tranche, which the bolsheviks will allocate, will cost. it was june 11, 1918, 40 million marks. this is a huge amount, but count mirbach will not have time to receive them on july 6, he will be killed in his residence in money lane. in moscow, the new ambassador, karl helferich, will confirm the need to receive this amount, and he will also oversee additional financial agreements for the brest-litovsk peace

treaty, which the bolsheviks and the germans will sign in berlin on august 27, 1918 in absolute secrecy. they had to pay germany 5 am before the end the eighteenth year 245.5 tons of gold. what is 245.5 tons of gold, this gold tripled germany's foreign exchange reserves tripled germany could wage war, as she calculated without problems until 21 years old. from the protocol of the interrogation of admiral kolchak, sinverpullier received a telegram from london in which, in view of the change in the situation on the mesopotamian front, it was recommended that i return to the far east where i could be more useful. according to the desire of the prince kudashevo, i went to pekin to dashin. and this russian ambassador to china, prince kudashev, he just became the initiator of the return of kolchak and actually. here

on this so-called british service. kolchak ended without actually starting. it was in the interests of russian diplomatic and business circles to prevent the seizure of russian property of the strategically important chinese eastern railway by the bolsheviks, whose dependence on germany after the signing of the brest-litovsk treaty only intensified this, and england from the protocol of the survey of admiral kolchak kudashev familiarized me with the situation on far east said that i should take command of the military forces that are being formed in the right-of-way on the east china highway. he comes into contact with a croatian general, who then headed the board of the chinese eastern railway, around which the anti-bolshevik armed forces were then formed, but the first attempt - this turned out to be unsuccessful and, first of all , because of the intrigues of japan, they recognized, there only under

control and ataman semyonov and on this basis. kolchak had a number of conflicts with the chieftain semyonov. and in general, his mission. it ended there rather quickly; he left harbin, deciding to continue the fight against the bolsheviks in another region. from the protocol of the interrogation of admiral kolchak, my arbin impressions spoke of extreme licentiousness and deep moral decay among the officers and political figures of the far east, the facts indicated to me that the croat government was by no means the master in vladivostok, that indeed the allies were not the masters in the summer of 1918. to vladivostok occupied by advanced in parts of the czechoslovakian corps, significant forces of the bolsheviks moved along with international units consisting of former austro-german prisoners of war. czechoslovakia requested

military assistance from the ententes and their allies received a legitimate reason to bargain in themselves in the summer of 1918. the armed forces of the anta countries and their allies began to arrive in vladivostok. under the pretext of opposing the troops of germany and australia, the city was taken under international control, us president wilson declared. i hope to reach progress, acting in two ways, providing economic assistance to russia and assisting the czechoslovaks. but it was about the overthrow of the bolsheviks, as for the far east, it’s just that the americans landed there not in order to vice versa, that is, the american bankers, uh, the american armed formations that landed there became forbidden to fight the bolsheviks in the east. their landing was needed only to prevent the occupation of the region of japan, and that’s all, if the idea

of ​​​​the entente high command was recreated, a new the eastern anti-german anti-bishevid front triumphed in the summer of 1918 and then significant allied troops would have been thrown, then no doubt the bolsheviks would have been defeated, but the president and the leadership of the united states of america opposed this, they vetoed this, thus actually keeping the bolsheviks from collapse, helped them like this from the protocol of the interrogation of admiral kolchak, thinking over my situation, i came to the conclusion that with the intervention of the allies, the essence of which was not clear to me to do anything i didn’t succeed in the east, i decided to get to the south of russia by that time the

civil war was already raging in russia on a full scale, but in the east of russia these governments, the coached siberian government and others, were formed there, which then in september of the seventeenth year united the government of the so -called omsk directory, which claimed all-russian power, but in kolchak this government did not recognize, like most of the russian military. even before the arrival of kolchak, omsk became the military representatives of the countries of russia's allies in the first world war began to stay the capital of all democratic non-bolshevik forces even before the first who was our distinguished guest in omsk, is that sir? charles or here is the english envoy who arrived in our city on september 29, 1918, then on october 3 , 1918, the french mission arrives and at the station it is not yet met by the directory, but by the body that was even before it

administered siberia. this is the siberian provisional government. no, that is, we see that foreigners began to arrive long before his arrival along the road to omsk, the capital. not just then the siberian government, so with the capital, the so-called directories for which the epidemic claimed, than the fight you have on the russian scale, kolchak simply rushes with a request to head the war ministry from the protocol of the survey of admiral kolchak in omsk by the same time boldyrev was already appointed supreme commander-in-chief of the army directory. he told me that i was needed here and asked me to stay in omsk admiral kolchak accepted an invitation to serve as minister of the navy in this new anti-balshevist government. and having familiarized himself with the situation on the spot, he very quickly realized that the

directory. this new government is leading the country in the wrong direction. in the composition of the directory , representatives of the sir party also played an increasingly important role, which the russian officers not unreasonably accused of the collapse of the collapse of the decomposition of the russian army in the seventeenth year. due to an analytical note by the head of the counterintelligence headquarters of the amur the military district of lieutenant colonel alekseev was included in the directory, and in ksentiev, zinzins and arguns, that is, prominent members of the sir party in this way. here, all leadership in domestic and foreign policy belonged. sam, over time , it was discovered that the slogan put forward by many state-minded people refers to the complete and untenability and unviability of the socialist-revolutionary program by this time, and the need to concentrate all power in such a difficult time in the hands of one person. many officers. eh, understood that in such conditions it is necessary to create a dictatorship. why did

they think so? because it was the practice of that time dictatorship. so you need to make a coup by a coup then there were dozens, big small people were used to this, well, the bolsheviks carried out coups. once, on one fine night, a group of omsk officers arrested several people from the government. it was certainly an illegal action, and therefore kolchak was absolutely right when she placed herself as the supreme ruler. he ordered an inquiry into these events, although humanly these officers. it was even possible to understand well and the kolchaks themselves to understand them. the fact is that omsk was the capital of the siberian cossack army, which differed from other cossack troops in that its second name is the tsar's service radio. it originated here. the monarchical organization death for the motherland, which was headed by the hero of the first world war, the orderly vyacheslav ivanovich volkov.

this underground organization led to a coup, in fact bringing alexander to power vasilyevich thickness. well, the members of the directory are arrested members of the sirs' party. they weren't a thug . not that they were shot even put in jail. they were kept under house arrest for several days, then they were put on a belt under armed guard and taken out of russia, having provided sums of money on the road from the interrogation report of admiral kolchak on the second day after the coup, i was reported from a number of telegrams from different parts of siberia from the front. these telegrams gave me confidence that everything was done, according to the desires army, but against the wishes of the czechoslovak corps. whose leadership ideologically and militarily supported the overthrown directory it is interesting that some of its members still retained their posts. the remaining council of ministers decided that it was

necessary to establish the post of supreme ruler kolchak, who was a member of the government to the military place, was asked to leave the premises, because his candidacy would be discussed. including a candidate for this particular position, the commanders-in-chief of the troops of the directory general boldyrev, manager of the railway. croat general and minister of war and navy vice admiral kolchak, as a result, by secret ballot, the council of ministers chose kolchak from the decree of the council of ministers of the provisional all-russian government of november 18 , 1918, in view of the plight of the state and the need to concentrate all power in one hands, the council of ministers decided to transfer time for the implementation of the supreme state power to admiral alexander vasilyevich kolchak. giving him the title of supreme ruler. british historian fleming records the fact that 4 days

before the coup on november 14, a decision was made at a meeting of the british government to recognize the directory as the all-russian government and the coup was a complete surprise for them from a secret telegram, chargé d'affaires in london konstantin nabokov dated november 25, 1918 of the year. on the day i received the first news of the coup in omsk, i had a conversation with the british foreign minister, balfour, who told me it was difficult for us to recognize the russian government, if there will be such frequent and abrupt changes in it. soviet historiography has traditionally asserted that supposedly kolchak was already there and was not heading to omsk initially with the intention of carrying out a coup, and it was all on the instructions of the british and with their active support that the admiral allegedly arrived in omsk from vladivostok along with the head of the british military mission, general

nos . and this lie even got into the big soviet encyclopedia, although, in fact, knox remained in vladivostok, major general alfred knox, too, the british military in russia during the first world war since 1918, the head of the british mission in the far east, letters from vice admiral kolchak to the general. n. china april 23, 1918 by supporting the existing government. the allies give russia at the disposal of germany, moreover , they create a situation in which all the best parts of the population will welcome germany as a savior from the plague, the representatives of the allies, called socialism. generally understood that bolshevikism. if it is not stopped in time. then he will be a threat, not only to

russia. well, the bolsheviks themselves clearly spoke about this to the whole world, the world revolution, the civil war became the national tragedy of our country and, of course, the bolsheviks, who conducted rabid propaganda in 1917, promising that if they came to authorities. tomorrow there will be peace in the country. they deceived our people according to lenin , the bolsheviks. they would not have kept the power if the red latvian arrows had not served it faithfully. that's neck was thrown to where the earth began to burn under the feet of one of them, waldemar azizen, nicknamed the red beast. in august 1918, in izhevsk and then votkinsk, there was a major uprising of workers, that is, those very people on whose behalf the bolsheviks ruled russia. they created the izhevsk people's army, then the votkinsk people's army. it was to suppress the uprising of izhevsk and votkinsk residents

that the international division of the red commander of the latvian was thrown. waldemar azina 60% of this division were austrians, hungarians, germans, chinese of the czech republic croatians. on november 7, 1918, a decisive battle took place, which would later form the basis of the famous episode from the film chapaev where, in absolutely fantastic form, with cigars in their teeth, they went on a psychic attack, supposedly the white guards. in fact , just the izhevsk workers went on such an attack, but only they went without shots, because they simply ran out of cartridges in previous battles. on november 7, 1918, a telegram was addressed to lenin, the valiant troops of the second army send warm congratulations on the great holiday and bring, the city of izhevsk that same evening from the leader of the

world proletariat came the answer. congratulations on the anniversary of the revolution long live the socialist red army lenin subsequently 15,000 izhevsk and watkins will leave their homes and join the russian army of kolchak from the message of patriarch tikhon to the council of people's commissars on the first anniversary of the revolution seizing power and calling on the people to trust you. what promises would you give him and how did you fulfill these promises you divided the whole people into hostile camps and plunged them into unprecedented cruelty fratricide. yes. we are living through a terrible time of your rule and for a long time it will not be erased from the soul of narodnaya, darkening the image of god in it and imprinting the image of the beast in it, very often they say

that his holiness patriarch tikhon refused the blessing of the white movement and therefore the white movement was doomed to defeat. in fact, another fact is well known, namely, the blessing of kolchak by his holiness patriarch tikhon on a miniature photocopy of the icon of st. nicholas the military or st. nicholas the wounded st. nicholas gate of the moscow kremlin this is a copy the icon over the gate, which was damaged during the shelling of the kremlin by the bolsheviks, but the admiral did not receive it immediately, but a few months later, since the country was divided by the front line. here it was realized that the temporary siberian administration, headed by archbishop sylvester, was a very important event in the city and even for the whole of white russia, was the adoption of the church oath by admiral kolchak, but with the participation of archbishop sylvester from the oath of admiral kolchak, promising i swear before

almighty god by his holy gospel and life-giving cross to be faithful and invariably devoted to the russian state, as to his fatherland, promising i swear to exercise the supreme power i received from the council of ministers , constituent assembly after the end of the civil war. that is, the end of the war was in the first place, and only then it was necessary to elect a new representative national, as it was called under kolchak, e meetings that would establish the form of government of russia and adopt the basic laws of the russian state, there were more reasons

to feel like the heir to traditional russian power than lenin, who initially considered russia exclusively as such a furnace for the world revolution such words , as the motherland or patriotism were considered bourgeois concepts, and the bolsheviks considered the territory of russia only as a testing ground a launching pad for the world revolution. even at the very beginning of the first world war, lenin in his manifesto formulated the task of turning the modern imperialist war into a civil one. the only correct proletarian slogan, while the european nations already in november of the eighteenth year put an end to the war. we are in combat. continued for a few more years and that's it. this ended in a terrible impoverishment of the people with numerous human victims. in november 1918, in the french town of kaiser germany, an armistice was concluded.

with the entente countries and hostilities were over. marshal of france forsh accepted the actual surrender of germany, and in russia, which brought the largest number of victims on the altar of this victory, the civil war, was only being sorted out. on november 13, 1918, all the provisions of the brest-litovsk treaty were canceled by a decree in the central executive committee, including additional agreements, according to which the bolsheviks were to transfer 245.5 tons of gold to germany, in fact they managed to send ninety-three and a half tons in september 1918, then prepared another echelon but a revolution in germany the victory of the entente. in general, this gold was left in russia, but they sent 93.5 tons of gold to berlin. in addition to ninety-three and a half tons of gold, territorial gifts were also lost to russia. lenin, on december 18, 1917, in response to

an appeal from representatives of the self-proclaimed bolshevik republic of finland, the government hastened to recognize its independence. kolchak is the same as a national leader and a national thinking person. thinking about the future, that is, what independent finland if this poses a threat to petrograd and the existence of the baltic fleet, in the creation of which kolchak, e, invested a lot of his efforts from lenin's speech at the first all-russian congress of the navy on november 22, 1917 . we are told that russia will break up into separate republics, but we have nothing to fear from this. no matter how many independent republics there are. we will not be afraid of this. for us , it is important, not where the state border passes. to keep the union among the working people of all nations to fight the bourgeoisie of any nations one of the first decrees of the bolsheviks was the

decree on the right of the nation to self-determination. the so -called clear that it was they who, for the purposes of their world revolution, put forward, up to secession , what was later included in the constitution of the ussr, that our president putin himself is recognized as a time bomb , which was originally planted under the state, which only worked now 170 years later and despite the abolition of the brest-lithuanian treaty, the baltic regions did not returned to russia and received state independence by lenin's decrees. estonia december 7 to latvia or december 22, 1918. contrary to numerous assertions, it comes from soviet propaganda, allegedly white, personal kolchak were puppets of world imperialism. they almost sold out russia, which means that the bolsheviks are trying to transfer their sins onto their opponents. uh, because in reality the main

battle motto in general, the battle cry of the white army was the motto for a united united russia and in this sense kolchak pursued an absolutely uncompromising line. from the telegram of admiral kolchak to paris to the russian diplomat sergei sazonov, the formation of self-determined republics in the form of finland estonia latvia lithuania poland ukraine puts russia in the position of muscovy after the stolbovsky treatise , the renunciation of sovereign rights in territories adjacent to the exits to the baltic black and mediterranean sea and the pacific ocean. it would mean the historical death of the russian people and its savagery in the depths of the plains of european russia and siberia , the recognition by the powers of consent, each self-determining republic gives reason to think that the division of russia is part of the political program of the powers. consent weakening russia which is beneficial. if we

talk about what kind of kolchak saw the future of russia , then here, uh, first of all, you need to talk. the unity of the state and any division of the country into the outlying baltic states of finland, of course, was decisively unacceptable for kolchak, each of the regions with its own face with its own character with its own speech had the right to preserve its individuality, but one great indivisible russia should have remained so.

summer will be interesting, i agree. you ask, red

roses on the windshield of my fiancé victor's car, my ex-husband's breathtaking paint. it was not in the summer will not be boring. serials documentaries cartoons

light up new stars. let's keep the intrigue. and here's what's next. well, all together a new season.

tv channel my planet presents balaklava - a district of sevastopol which is called the crimean san tropez. now i'm on the waterfront on the zukin and i want to say that this promenade is unfairly deprived of wide international fame. for me, it is in no way inferior to the french crozet. girl

for a walk hello, what kind of walks do you have ? here is my boat. how cute and cozy. yes? come on don't be afraid. we leave the balaklava bay and head

for the open sea, the views are awesome only and have time to look in front of the balaklava, the city of chimbalai. fortress means city health balaclava balaclava. will i succeed from the station along the

embankment i gradually approved to the market squares of old vyborg and here you can already see the remains of the former fortifications. he look what a beauty is worth. in the 15-16 centuries, the swedes fortified the city and. they surrounded it with stone fortifications. from them , a few towers of the town hall have survived to this day, and this round one of its locals is very funny. they call it fat katerina . there are very tasty the atmosphere is authentic, and the tower is named tolstoy that's why the walls look what impressive this is not the limit, they are found in places and 3.5 m wide. excuse me, but you're from the restaurant.

yes, how much is honestly there, how much you ate, but today i ate 400 rubles. well, what are you? i don't know. yes. i took the norwegian soup. we call it in vyborg it is on cream with salmon. well, ice cream and coffee are not cheap, but given the fact that various festivities and knightly -style performances periodically take place here, the price will not seem overpriced. after all , the main thing is the feeling. i ran in the tower sixteenth century. in general, there are a lot of cafes and restaurants in vyborg, as well as tourists themselves. and not only our compatriots, because the border is within easy reach, therefore, guests from neighboring finland are very fond of coming to vyborg for the weekend from local treats, which are definitely worth a try . fortress street. it is

the most touristy in vyborg, a kind of local arbat, which means it is most suitable for buying souvenirs. this after all, it is also essentially a souvenir. despite the fact that we are only one and a half thousand kilometers from moscow, this is one of the most inaccessible and wild places in our country per square kilometer. there is 1 elk here. and you can not see a person even for three days, which is understandable without a chance? there is almost no abundance of small rivers and roads here, and it’s not always easy to call these bizarre creations of human hands the language of roads. in general, i will go on foot to catch up. we are on the way pechora

this river has a difficult fate harsh northern climate without people off-roads few who dared to sit in these places of their own free will, say people who live on the pechora because of a special breed, strong in spirit and body with an independent and unsociable character, they, like monks, seek solitude away from civilization. why did they choose these remote places. far from everything that represents the good of the modern world, what keeps them in this almost uninhabited region, what hides from the world? big water? pechora hello, my name is victor well, here she is and pechora well, yes, congratulations on your arrival. thank you, such boats are unusual. it's the first time i see these. yes, these are pechora boats so specially made. there is one master here who is

the only one in the world who makes these boats. it means that these boats are famous for the fact that they have a raised bow and stern, they pass through any rifts. there is only one place in europe where the forest can be seen as it would be if man did not exist on the planet at all, and this place is where viktor has been living and working in the reserve for 23 years. the first thing he taught me was to drink water straight from rivers. 60 minutes germany was a large economy, which sponsored more tells in germany how to live and in general, how to act? tell me when ukrainians and poles were

poles brothers. now they have come to blur the line of invasion more on the territory of ukraine, they want to break all ties between europe and russia. the emirates of turkey and even african economies want to cooperate with us. they are from the western world, we are open to taking into account the interests and values ​​of our partners. watch our special editions events in ukraine in the world in real time 60 minutes. do not miss tomorrow at 11:30 17:30 on the russia channel used to watch videos install, open, watch russian channels and all movie series and cartoons and documentaries . for free without registration, we watch in the

application or on the website the tv channel my planet presents this iconic building of the era of ivan the terrible still defines moscow, this is perhaps the most recognizable russian temple and, probably, the very image that for foreigners in many ways personifies russia in order to preserve the sacred building in a single copy, tsar ivan the terrible ordered the sons to be blinded. such is the legend supposedly the autocrat showed special attention. to

the construction of the cathedral and personally observed it. with this tower on the kremlin wall, he called the craftsmen to him and asked if they could build another such building. undoubtedly, the craftsmen answered the royal questions that they could build such a temple, and then ivan the terrible ordered them to be molded. really good. it is known that in the sixteenth in the seventeenth century, outstanding architects were worth their weight in gold in russia. you and i know very well that italian masters were invited to build the kremlin. historians suggest that the legend of the blinding of the architects dates back to the sixteenth century. the overseas guests of medieval europe brought the story of the blinding of masters to russian soil was not uncommon, however, foreigners can be understood by an unusual

structure, it is difficult to speak in ordinary words. this legend occurs just in the notes of tanamberg and alearius. but, nevertheless, they write about one thing foreign master who erected the cathedral of the intercession. at the same time, we are fine. it is known that the builders of the intercession cathedral are russian masters of the late and barna and their names have become known. only at the end of the nineteenth century , however, precisely because of the descriptions of foreigners who visited moscow many centuries ago. today we know what it was and how it looked originally. intercession cathedral, and this is very important because of their own written sources. preserved very little very large role in the history of the temple,

because it stands in the village when they came here to me and told about it and drew it. thanks to all, we all tell them today that it has sources, that is, about the temple. the cathedral was built for 6 years in 1505 to 1561. later, its appearance was changed due to extensions, but the original idea looks original even in modern times. since nine completely independent buildings, each with with their entrance and with their initiation, but they all stand on the same foundation, how spectacular. this could be seen in the drawing of the german scientist

adam aliarius, who came to moscow in 1630. the image of the cathedral of the intercession in the engraving by adam aliarius looks lightweight and airy; it seems to rise up. this is because there are still no attached porches that appeared only in 1670, as well as a canopy over the outer bypass gallery. it was really a flight of fancy, including in details it seems that the masters used almost all the decorations known at that time, kokoshniks, arrows, beads, crosses, snakes, but they made such a noise so skillfully to fit them into the overall composition that they look absolutely harmonious , none of the heads under the caviar repeats the other,

they are all different. although at first glance it seems similar in this one of the features of the fence, there are a lot of complex details made of baked clay, which, in principle, are usually made of stone. here. they are made of clay, these giant shaped rosette bricks. i would say that for russia everything is unique, in general, in the cathedral of the intercession on the moat there are a lot of unique constitutional elements that are not found anywhere else. the idea of ​​particular differences, with a general similarity, dominates both in architecture and in the interiors of the cathedral, it is not difficult to trace it in the design of portals and in murals. if you look even at the flowers on the vine, which are killed by the walls, they are all different and this is no coincidence and the artists who did it . they

really wanted to think heaven, uh, stronger and the temple is to us, in fact is an attempt at this and i can say something not quite an attempt. but in reality, there, really, according to the idea , the cathedral was supposed to symbolize with itself the paradise of the heavenly city of jerusalem promised in the scripture. it is believed that this idea belonged to the metropolitan, the dunk and the masters, how they could try to bring it to life from here such splendor and abundance in the decor changed epochs, the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bwhat paradise should look like and, in connection with this, the cathedral, was transformed, but the main idea, remained unchanged the map of time the cathedral looked in his own way, he repeated the main idea, as if earlier of a

heavenly flourishing garden, which, like grape leaves, flowers, were some plants unheard of on earth in cold moscow in the 17th century. suddenly, people came here and saw these flowers that do not exist on earth

. in ukraine, they are afraid of leaking secrets, what instructors can tell, being captured by the emergency situation in the crimea and behind the downpour of simferopol in the water in alushta, seven descended into the territory of the sanatorium mourning bullfight in colombia, several people were killed in the collapse of the stands, one and a half hundred were injured human.