tv [untitled] May 4, 2022 11:30pm-12:01am MSK
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he told me that this camp consisted of blocks. the first block, this is the second block of milestone officers, the third worker for servants, the fourth latvians, estonians and dances, the fifth crimean tatars and the police, the sixth block of death, the seventh ukrainians and the eighth block, russians, our entire stage of one and a half thousand people. as wild saigas were driven into the cage of the first block, no one paid attention to us, as if we really were not people, wild animals. we huddled in heaps settled on the bare earth who could do what they could the only thing they could not the nazis took away the sun and air from us, they took everything else. with age, changes in vision can
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. former prisoner of the camp semyon zaitsev as can be seen from this scheme, the camp is just a rectangular area where there were no devices, there were not just separate city wires, corrals between the fences were also under the old guard. this was done so that the prisoners of war communicated with each other as little as possible, were in the rain in the open air, completely lowered by the wind. in each cage there were seven to eight thousand people, there were a total of 670,000 sleeping in the open air and in rain and mud, many more than they would have to dig holes, pits for themselves, and they slept there until the morning in the
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morning, the guards checked whether they were alive or not, in october frosts began to freeze to the ground at night, and then they began to build barracks in every cell, but they were not enough. at the beginning of the military campaign against the ussr , there was no question of building stationary camps for prisoners of war in germany; the nazis were counting on an early victory. at first, they also did n’t plan to exploit the work of the red army, but the department of the watch decided its flag in its own way, 52 began to benefit the third reich, in fact. camp command affairs could trade them for a modest fee to provide prisoners of war. here to work in farms, well rich landowners. in addition, here a large station the prisoners of war were used precisely for unloading wagons loading wagons.
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there is a peat bog nearby. the southern part of the district was used for peat extraction - this is a forest, so logging under protection was taken out in batches. people brought to physical exhaustion by hunger and overwork were also subjected to bullying by the guards. for fun and amusement, sometimes the germans brought a few loaves of bread and threw them, a volleyball game started right into the crowd, hundreds of people rushed for this loaf, crushed each other, otherwise a german would take a cigarette and put it on the ground and explain that it would be received by the one who crawled on all fours 50 meters and would there were very few such hunters of the scum of mankind barking like a dog, but to the great regret they were and we were very ashamed of them, while the germans were laughing
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in all their throats, pleased with their invention. and many did not have such normal clothes, the same there were no overcoats, so many people immediately suffered from diseases and every morning they collected the dead, loaded them onto a cart and took them out. e from this camp. it was forbidden. uh, these corpses to transport. e on highways so that no one sees them, so that they do not embarrass. here is the feeling of the local population, bypassing the camp, they were transported by hand, and there the prisoners of war harnessed themselves to these carts, dug ditches and now you laid them in long stacks of dead prisoners of war. today from the big camp where thousands died only one fragment of prisoners of war remained.
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massive massive structures made of boards are very thickly uh barbed wire so that no one could lean out through this window to make an escape . the window really got into the museum literally by a miracle, when in the early seventies they began to wear barracks minrody. and where else did they stand, and here was this window. knocked out of that opening in the bars, to which she was alone, and the largest in east prussia in 1941. there were already crayfish, where you can somehow survive the cold and showers and stationary kitchens. truth. now there is no trace left of these buildings. the first prisoners of the camp were captured soldiers of the polish army, who built it in 1939. after the invasion of the wehrmacht in the spring of 1940, belgian french and dutch prisoners of war arrived here forty-fourth italians. it was a
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permanent stationary camp, in which people were periodically sorted out according to work teams. someone was chosen, someone asked for it himself. well, uh, paradoxical for prisoners. it was better than being kept in a big camp, because if they were in a large camp for the administration of the burden, and there was also famine. there, uh, there was a high mortality rate, then in the work teams they were required to have a corpse, respectively, the authorities were not interested in exterminating them, uh, exterminating them in the work teams. in this forest, not far from the village of strelni in the bagrationovsky district, then it was called a navigator, rented prisoners of war from the working teams of the stalag one camp lived , and many people remember working at the nearest railway station, as well as in the production of bricks. the remains of uh wooden parts of these, so to speak. well, barracks or warehouses, what is here. it was residential, that production, we now can’t really say for this, we need documentation, which we still have on
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hand no in the late seventies in the early eighties. we had a summer cottage here . there are riflemen literally across the road and we went here for mushrooms. i remember as a child that there was still something wooden here. the camp itself was located in the east prussian village and headquarters lacquer. now this is the vicinity of the village of nagornoe during the years of the war, about 160,000 people passed through the camp in the bagrationovsky district; upon arrival, all prisoners of war were quarantined. it was necessary to weed out the sick, primarily those with tuberculosis, in the camp. they even had their own x-ray room, and those who underwent a medical examination were distributed to work in branches. the so -called work teams throughout eastern russia, the sick wounded remained in the camp here, brought the sick to hospitals with unhealed wounds, outbreaks of infectious diseases. primarily infectious chips resulted in mortality for burial of the dead in the camp was allocated. here is this
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site and next to the former village of klyandeks , the place where we are - this is only a camp cemetery. the camp itself was 5 km away. uh, a trap from this place. the burial of soviet and foreign prisoners of war took place in different ways, the belgians, french, italians, who died in the camp of the poles, were buried in separate graves of citizens of the ussr in large fraternal ones, but after the horrors of other camps, the conditions, stalag-1a turned out to be a gift of fate for the soviet soldier, from here there was even a chance to escape and get to his ivan podvarkov, enrolled in the working team of the navigator, he took advantage of this chance here, fell into the hands of the newspapers, he was able to read and learn about stalingrad in german. in general, as i later recalled a lot of this, we inspired them to escape, because they
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received some information. uh, from the will that the country is fighting, that everything is not hopeless, that they created some kind of welded food into some kind of small supply, and he and two comrades fled from here, they got 50 days to e in belarus on foot at night from the first days of slavery at tatyana kaloshina, driven to königsberg from kryukovo, the same decision was ripe to leave, leave , run away. yes, the risk of a huge mistake can cost a life, but this slave existence is also not a life. having received the moment, she made up her mind. mom ran twice, she wanted to run away, but they were caught. execution was supposed to be executed for the escape, but tatyana was lucky, a young emaciated girl, they regretted that she got a good policeman, a pole or a czech. well, he's somehow there for her. well
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, he helped in general, so that it would not be distributed, many prisoners who were forced to work in german factories did not leave the thought of how here in the enemy’s lair, by virtue of their ability to help the motherland in the production of military equipment, ammunition, they tried to spoil the part, at least sometimes make a marriage. sabotage sabotage was a real threat to the work of german enterprises. in almost all the shops where workers from the eastern territories worked, our prisoners stood here like this , golden, a special person was sitting here. observed periodically went out controlled was armed with a machine gun. well, here is such a heavy armored door that it is impossible not to shoot through anything there, but i also mean small arms. here he was constantly here during the period of work, for example, they went a little to the side , moved away, crowded him, of course, i had to get out of here,
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go there and see what they say, what they do there. you need to understand what sabotage is. uh, the punishment was severe. well , for example, yes, when, for example, something disappears, that is, they are suspected of stealing 20 e women offenders. yes, that's accordingly, uh, all 20 can be subjected to flogging and, for example, indicative of one of them, uh, it depended on the local administration could be executed. the hope that our people would certainly come and free them, it was possible for them to live, to survive, made them wake up every morning to endure humiliation, for the sake of a future free life, letters were found. ah, the girls of the starbeiter, lydia damyu, who received these letters from other starbeiters and the girl who wrote to her was not forbidden by correspondence. where are you from apparently from the eastern regions of the province?
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where the soviet troops were already approaching, apparently, they heard the cannonade, somewhere, so to speak, nearby. i said that there is a big wedding in the neighboring village. ah, the drum is beating loudly. coming soon. soon such a fedorov will come to fedor, the girl meant a russian soldier. the letter about the starbeiters was looked through and so that the text of the letter did not confuse the censors. she thus encoded the main idea of the message. liberation will come soon, when soviet troops entered the territory of eastern in prussia, the nazis began to spread rumors among the local population, and the incredible cruelty of the red army men was frightened by bullying, pogroms , executions in the twentieth of january, forty-fifth, hundreds of thousands of inhabitants of koenigsberg, and the regions began to leave their homes in a panic and move back, their starbeiters, who belonged to them,
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were ordered to follow him and have a dog or let's say after a schoolboy from a local school. they were all collected in special large columns on foot. everyone must have been strongly on site. it's not 10-20 km, and this is hundreds of kilometers, and it’s snowing and in the rain and without food for hours, only there is water, so a lot of people can be seen in such situations, the germans until the last try to evacuate all the camps and eastern workers of prisoners of war, they walked along the front road along with the column refugees. oh, by the way, they could already grab some food, because the guards, in fact, could no longer control, say, a large crowd at one fine moment in one german town. uh, it turned out that the guard ended up with hit by local police on one side of the street, prisoners of war on the other, they stood wary of each other, the guards were already aiming rifles at the military, but decided not to get involved, just
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walked away. occupying the villages and cities of east prussia, soviet soldiers often found bitter messages from their compatriots about their unfree life on the walls of houses under bridges. hello dear brothers. how are you doing in your country? one russian girl lived here and worked as a slave for two years in germany, it is very bad for us here, but from here there is no way to escape, whoever remains here is shot by dear brothers, release us faster to freedom, whoever reads this will send to my relatives that i am still alive lukyanchenkova alexandra matveevna smolensk region, baturinsky district, staroselsky village council. the nazis understood that before
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the capture of koenigsberg there were only a few weeks left . how to deal with thousands of eastern workers will take prisoners, who will most likely turn out to be the actions of the red army and complicate the defense of the city , and then another inhumane act was taken decision. that in february 1945 the political department of the administration of east prussia issued a secret order? shoot everyone. a special firing squad was created for the military prisoners in the city of königsberg, which included convinced nazis and within a month all the prisoners, including women and children, were practically destroyed, although only prisoners of war of the arrested members of the nazi party are treated, paul neta.
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this is where they shot. uh, concentration camp prisoners from february to april 1945. one of teams of workers of the camp stolak-1a was located right at the station and its prisoners were engaged in loading and unloading operations. before the red army moved to koenigsberg, there were no moshons and they tried to pass you off as local residents, one got a job as a tailor, the other turned out to be a decorator in the theater . in total, more than 1,700 people were killed. after the war, the path to the homeland of displaced
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persons, as the former hostarbeiters and prisoners of war were called, was not easy for weeks in deployed in german camps for repatriates, they had to wait for their echelon or ship, tens of thousands of people even reached the soviet border on foot. upon arrival at their homeland, the repatriates were filtered by the nkvd bodies and they identified traitors of collaborators and active accomplices of nazism, for example, surrender without sufficient grounds. what is a sufficient reason? how to define them? basically, of course , consider the actual behavior of a person in captivity, well, the former was asked how much it it was probably checked by undercover developments. there were also many reagents, identifiers that were supposed to identify active accomplices. uh, the german authorities, those who were suspected of this were left further until the
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explanation. well, if he, let's say, worked in some kind of camp administration, somehow helped the owners in the oppression of other workers, let's say he was a witness about this, others knew this too . well, for the most part, as you know. for some reason, these people were successfully filtered and were returning home. this invisible seal of a man who worked for the enemy accompanied the former nazi prisoners for a long time. many of them were forced to work outside their specialty and were forced to look for work. they simply did not take, because there is a count. yes, he was a prisoner of war in germany, respectively. this is, uh, a black blot on the personality. it was an ideological setting. did these people really have the right to vote or were they not interested? tatyana kalushina can be said to be lucky. unlike
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hundreds of thousands stolen in germany. she managed to survive largely thanks to the support of her friend, vari, for all 3 years. far from home, they didn’t stick together and tried to help each other in their native kryukovo , they also returned together to build a new life, but the health of one and the other was undermined by the hair, that it was you who was young in her youth again, when the russians were liberated hair experiences from yourself. i believe that we owe a lot to those people who survived this, and even more so to those who did not survive the scale tragedy, they do not correspond to the level of research on this topic and its existence in the public space, the preservation of historical memory. i
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think that's uh important here. here is the joint work of local historians, er, and including search engines, who need them to localize the places of mass death of the civilian population and what concerns the kaliningrad region. we are still at the beginning of the journey in terms of collecting documents. after the fall of the third reich, find out the criminals zealously serving the führ to collect evidence of their deeds in east prussia it was not easy for many to stand trial in 1947. there is already an investigation in relation to one of the co-owners in soviet kaliningrad. uh, law-building factory. e, max heumann, and there is the testimony of wolf , who worked here as a calculator one room, where there was an active member of the nsdp by name, but also schultz and here in this room on the orders of heumann. foreign russian jewish workers were brought in, and
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others who were tortured by shults and khoims. once i went to the workshops, that is i was handing out pay slips and saw how, with a dick, max was beating a jew with a whip in the factory yard, i don’t know the last name. after the war, max homan stayed in kaliningrad and worked as an orderly at the city's central hospital. in 1947, colleagues in criminal cases of the kaliningrad regional court sentenced him to 8 years in labor camps from the wives of some policeman, she , she and ivan were interrogated when they began to hold her husband accountable for being completely on the eastern front. she said you know he he you very much at the front, that is, he returned from russia like a beast. that is, she just saw the wife, but what happens to the aggressor. that is why it is so easy for people to start killing other people, people, many
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doctors, psychiatrists, lawyers and historians are specially involved in this, still cannot explain what happens to a person in a war. name, finally, the figure in germany of people and purchased territories. the main ideologist of the slave labor system fritz zalkiel, in every possible way denied his guilt at the nuremberg trials, he called himself a simple a working man, an idealist and a patriot who faithfully fulfilled his home. the propaganda machines created by the nazis effectively and ruthlessly reworked minds and souls. it would seem that quite decent and educated people and those who launched this death machine of those who became its obedient cogs of the idea of a super nation and supermen so, inspiring the subjects of the third reich, instead of the promised domination and
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the humanitarian corridor for the evacuation of civilians in the territory of azov will be opened on may 5-6 and 7 from 8:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m. this is a statement from the ministry of defense at this time, the russian military military of the dpr will unilaterally stop any military operations of the unit, take it to a safe distance, let me remind you, the kiev authorities regularly state that there are working personnel in the underground facilities of the plants, and also women and children of the russian military will ensure the withdrawal of civilians.
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