as a rule, the composition of the soviets gets twice as much for us, for example, a turkish citizen from a juner mongrel was employed at once in several supervisory councils of ukrainian state-owned companies for many foreign managers, independent at the expense of ukrainian taxpayers became both a feeder and a kind of honorary pension. this is the story with biden's son, and that's it. rest. this is just a fragment. just a vivid fragment, the political struggle endured. here is this uh fragment, just on the surface everyone saw it, that is, from one side. they say the country was robbed from the other sides. they prepared it for war after the coup d'etat, the mandatory introduction of supervisory boards at state-owned enterprises was largely pushed through by the european bank for reconstruction and development of ukraine regularly receives loans from it in an amount no less than from the imf, among the bank's clients, not only ukrainian railways. well, ukrpota harmang naftogaz, ilyichevsk port of ukrenergo. moreover, all these loans are supported by very specific obligations, for example, they interfere with the authorities in corporate governance. state-owned enterprises will attempt to revise

relations with corporate governance and nafta gaza advice to us, we can respond, not in the most pleasant way, the threat from the european bank for reconstruction and development caused a palace coup in the leadership of the largest ukrainian monopoly in april 2021 in place of andriy kobolev, who headed ukraine's naftogaz after maidan 2014 acting minister of energy yuriy vetrenko came, but the united states did not directly insist on returning to kobolev , but during a visit to kiev, the secretary of state anthony blenkin made it clear that this is a bad signal and potential harm to the international image of ukraine autograph, generally traditionally called uh, well, the presidential business in ukraine. for oil and gas at his post. the head

of naftagaz began to change the composition of the company's council and to monopolize the market. in particular, one of the tasks was control over the daughter of the naftagaz companies, ukranaut igor kolomoisky, however, this is unlikely you can catch kolomoisky by surprise with something like this, he encountered even after the euro maidan on the late march night of 2015, near the office of ukrnafta, at that time the governor of the dnepropetrovsk region , kolomoisky, had already exchanged courtesies with a people's deputy from the faction of the petro poroshenko bloc, the well-known fighter against corruption mustafa on m. , by the way, will subsequently warm up at the council of ukrainian. defense. roma explain what's going on here going on. you see the training of traders. and who wants to come and leshchenko jereme. why why an oligarch with diversified assets, including media resources, y kolomoisky knew how to be on you with almost any government and, as if nothing had happened, discuss

current affairs even in the midst of the euromaidan i greet you hello how are you still there? we have this here . well, we'll survive. i think that her successful election campaign of vladimir zelensky was associated with the name of igor kolomoisky, it is enough to say that she intends to run for president on new year's eve, zelensky said it was on the air of kolomoisky's 1 + 1 tv channel and for this appeal. even they moved the broadcast of the congratulations of the current head of state, petro poroshenko, with whom kolomoisky was at odds with other ukrainians. i kill you bits for the presidency of ukraine but coming to power. zelensky began to defend the political field, for example, a law on oligarchs was adopted in the president's office, they explained that it should be the first step towards eliminating the oligarchs. the systems in ukraine, that is, the most on which in recent years the economic sovereignty of the kolomoisky country has still been afloat , the player is independent, and the americans

independent players don’t like it, hence the conflict arose between the americans and between kolomoisky and zelensky was involved in this conflict and he had to choose and he chose the americans akhmetov the introduction of additional rent for the supply of iron rubble raw materials and an increase in railway tariffs have directly affected the businesses of the richest oligarch in the country recently akhmetov's relationship with the ukrainian authorities. in any case, the media looked very strained, there were even rumors about the preparation of a coup d'état. this he already took information specifically in order to draw akhmetov’s war into the information war, but against, well, it’s my business what they took into the soviet inheritance, they tried to use it partially used, well, in order to work, let’s say, akhmetov needs to be akhmetov for production of chemical products - this is a different

gas, cheap russian gas. the fact itself is necessary in russia to get cheap gas. this is to bind ukraine to russia, therefore, vakhmetov, in any case, was printed to the founder of the famous rothschild dynasty attribute the phrase. let me manage the country's money. and i don't care who makes laws there. this is in general consonant with the current situation in ukraine in many ways, reminiscent of the history of colonial india in its time. the british enslaved her not with guns, but by entering the country through a post-yin company. it looks like the situation in ukraine is repeating itself. in any case, for effective corporate governance, the list of key state-owned companies, where the creation of supervisory boards is supposed to be created, is only expanding. i would have thought that the phrase all power by the council in the 21st century could acquire such an unexpected capitalist sound in ukraine anna efimov valery savelyev anastasia popova typical ukraine about how the oligarchic economy of

ukraine can change, we will talk with our permanent expert alexander vasiliev. hello sasha. according to forbes, over the past 8 years, the incomes of ukrainian oligarchs, those who own the economy, have seriously fallen, some have more, some have less, but it’s definitely in the red, almost everyone, well, the only exception, perhaps, is probably pyotr alekseevich poroshenko, who entered power as a millionaire, and left it as a billionaire. and yet . it's a drop in income. are these, uh, the results of the global crisis, or is it still an internal ukrainian story, well, starting with poroshenko, when not all ukrainian oligarchs manage to be in the presidential chair, and therefore it is difficult to support their economic potential, so to speak, in any other way, but by yes, except for the political one, and they are perfectly understand, therefore, this is a struggle, if not itself cross it for control over it she game. of course, these people play a very important role. uh, at one time they

got such a kind of cream, and also the soviet economy of the economy of the ussr well, everyone knows these main industries are metallurgical and, uh, chemical in the first place. and if we are talking specifically about the metallurgist, then, of course, the loss of the donbass for ukraine yes, it was very, very serious, and the factor is to replenish the assets that the ukrainian oligarchs left there. uh, it turned out, well, it's almost impossible for the state nevertheless, there was some certain control over the economy, despite the settled oligarchy. first of all, these are such large infrastructure industries, and there the railway and the gas transportation system are on the energy sector. how have they managed these industries lately? yes, i said that those people whom we now call oligarchs. they collected such peculiar cream. and, that is, those industries where relatively. it was just possible to e arrange to sell products abroad, refer. simple and technological processes and this

allowed these people to get rich quite quickly, but there was a second factor. yes, that is, all the simplest and most profitable turned out to be privatized, and the state was left with infrastructural things that are really difficult and manageable, ah, that are difficult to maintain in proper condition and modernize. here is an example of the ukrainian railway . here is her evolution over the past. there are even more than 10 years. and she. well, this is a very revealing story, the railway was the main taxpayer. yes, they were very big. plans for this, uh, and then yes, there was one revolution, another and the people who came to replace. but this, and so to speak, the former state manager. these were people of a completely different kind, firstly, these are the same oligarchs. they fought very hard for, uh, control over these infrastructural things. well, here's a simple, again, the same railway. you understand that if you have a has control over e, there is relatively speaking. the way the wagons are formed there, right? where

where are they? where are they not? yes, then, accordingly, you it’s just that you come to one plant, but you don’t come to the second, and and if you have both metallurgical plants, with approximately similar ones, a chains, yes, this was well understood in the west , including, yes, which, so to speak, e external management , an external control loop was created in ukraine and, uh, they came up with some kind of such a replacement. but these are constantly saying so to the warriors of the oligarchs. yes. uh, so these companies began to introduce. uh, so some kind of supervisory boards, which seem to be from independent people. here, uh, how control was exercised by the last such, uh, bastion in this regard, they are just an energy atom. yes, because, well, nuclear energy in general in ukraine is still, so to speak, the fear of chernobyl, but everyone understands that this is such an area where it works better, no matter how you go there, but there is a directive from the imf, which is clearly related to lending , yes? what needs to be

turned into a joint-stock company, so to speak, and build a supervisory board, and now the zelensky administration with the leadership of energy atom introduced this to say, well, fight and war here to the last literally there almost a until the beginning of february. e of this year is precisely in order to impose this, but a new management model. yes, they will go into details there, how they changed the legislation there for this case, but after 8 years of war and the political crisis in ukraine, they taught something. uh, these uh people who control the ukrainian economy, the oligarchs. well, yes, as i said, uh that, of course, the oligarchs could draw some conclusions because of what happened in the fourteenth year, when many of these people lost assets. if you said that ukraine has lost territories, yes, then these people have lost, and i will repeat some important part of their business. this could be a certain lesson, on the other hand, this, uh, the model of governance imposed by the west, when, in so to speak, the oligarchs really wiped off the

dash from some levers and people took their place. well, uh, which are just several orders of magnitude cheaper, they cost this external administration. yes, that is, if necessary before negotiate with the oligarch, who tossed millions and billions. eh, now you can just take some journalist who is even there, i don’t know, for 10,000 dollars of salary he will be happy. yes, and the effect of controllability will only be higher. again, an example about rinat akhmetov, what did he do? yes, he tried to make mariupol such a new center in his metallurgical empire, so to speak, and invested in the same regiment. azov, yes, that is, directly, therefore, the tragedy of my group, which we watched these months, so to speak. it is directly related to this. why does a person think that he is such a rich and powerful and the original decides everything, yes, that he only agrees with external authorities that he is capable, huh? well, to avert or change some global

processes in which, so to speak, were involved, and ukraine and russia are but a reality. e, unfortunately, it turns out to be different. and unfortunately, for ordinary people who become, uh, victims, so to speak, of this one. well, to put it mildly self-confidence and the inadequacy of ukrainian rivers. sasha thank you very much for an interesting story. in the 19th century, ukrainian was spoken by the inhabitants of two empires at once, russian and austro-hungarian, by the middle of the century , when the struggle for independence and national uprisings began to undermine both powers, the language began to be used as a political tool. 160 years ago, the government of the russian empire was quite loyal to the ukrainian language. the manifesto on the abolition of serfdom was translated into muva. two languages, elementary schools were opened in ukrainian and the abc of taras shevchenko was released, but after

the polish unrest of 1863, the policy changes because of the fear that ukrainians will rebel after the poles in the sphere of functioning of the language , two documents were seriously reduced, the valuev circular and the ensky decree. for the printing of religious and educational literature. in ukrainian, fiction was printed without restrictions, according to the second, without special permission, it was forbidden to import books to the empire. on the move , teaching on it in elementary school was canceled translations and theatrical productions were limited. thus, the russian empire tried to bring down the wave of revolutionary sentiments of the then little russia in 1905, with the tsar's manifesto, all restrictions were lifted. in austria-hungary, the system worked to support the ukrainian, or rather

the rusyn, as the ukrainian-speaking subjects of the empire called themselves, the power of the foundations of heaven expected that the rusyns would become a serious counterweight to the anti-astrian-minded pole , the calculation was justified in 1848, when the polish uprisings began in the empire, the rusyns found themselves on side of power. about how in austria-hungary they formed a language policy towards ukrainians in the plot of olga mokhova at the end of the 18th century, as a result of the division of the commonwealth, the patchwork empire, the habsburgs, where which only peoples lived, a new province was annexed. it received the name of the kingdom of golitsy or dameria and consisted of polish and russian lands, the historical region of lesser poland with the main city. in krakow, it belonged to the western territory and to the eastern lviv and the possessions that were once part of the galicia-volyn principality, the interests of such an area, the history of which is completely

unique and fundamentally different from the history of all the regans of ukraine, let me remind you that the golic from the city of galich is the capital of that same galician principality. who, by the way, was once called chervonnaya rus the inhabitants of this region called themselves rusyns with this term here since the 10th century to refer to the eastern orthodox slavs it was they who, by the time galicia joined austria -hungary, accounted for almost 80% of the population of this province in the multinational empire, the rusyns say how in their native language and in the language environment. of course they know, mostly they know the language of the metropolis, if we are talking about austria, the hungarians. this is german. naturally, they know the polish language, because as part of the former part of the former commonwealth a with polish as the main language, of course. it was a sign of any educated person to know the polish language to the languages ​​of the ethnic outskirts. austria-hungary was quite liberal in the courts, for example, the defendants could represent their

interests in their native dialect. in general, joining the galician lands. habsburg, held here a number of reforms abolished serfdom limited the arbitrariness of the landlords, their devotion to the empire of the grateful rusyns proved more than once during the polish uprisings. but this was not rewarded by the politics of dividing. rule the austrians perfected the power - it was the monks who supported the stompol landlords, because they were the ruling economically powerful and most cultural element in the country, but they did not at all want a strong one. poland, at that time, friction was rendered by such minor concessions to the usins, torn off by for several centuries from the rest of russia , the galicians, however, considered themselves part of it. they used the so-called language, which was based on church slavonic samples of foreign colloquial speech. let it be saturated not only with germanisms and polonisms, but also with words, you will leave in eastern galicia. the first half of the 19th century was marked by a cultural revival. rusin just then. muscovite sentiments have intensified here.

for them, their neighbor from the east is, uh, a representative of the same faith who has preserved the old script, having preserved the old language, how much did they understand it, eh? therefore, of course, representatives of austria-hungary wanted to imitate the growth of russian self-consciousness of their subjects , at first they began to call rusyns ruthenians from the latinized name of russia, then in all ruthenian schools. they are trying to introduce the latin alphabet, the polish alphabet, named after the first letters. abc abc one resistance rusyns was unanimous cyrillic defended even unian priests. then in schools they began to introduce the alphabet of the little russian writer, linguist pante lemon kulsha, who believed that russian letters do not convey the melodiousness of the little russian language in the russian empire, gromat, as lesh had banned, but it was it that became the basis of modern ukrainian spelling at the end of the 890s, they began to translate, that means, er, that’s

all, literature into this root for phonetic spelling. let me remind you of phonetics - this means, as i hear, so i write hmm in such a way that this language begins to move away even more at 19. in the tenth year on the eve of the population census, the austro-hungarian authorities indicate the languages ​​​​that maybe there was no russian among them in the questionnaires, but even despite this, the transition to a new spelling does not occur quickly in the eastern golitsy at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. for every 1,500 inhabitants, there is one primary school, more than half of all rusyns are not literate, and only a tenth of them live in cities, centers of culture and education in the villages. it is very interesting here that sometimes a unique form of the language has been preserved, when it seems that you hear, here, it seems that they speak ukrainian, you don’t understand anything. this is when he entered the village, like they say i was well, it’s clear that this is where such a verb comes from in no european language, but the form of

construction of the sentence suggests that this is latinism in any case, what is germanism - this is the influence when from polish oppression and poverty in austria in the hungarian empire, the inhabitants of galicia reached out to the north american continent, they took the language with them, and already in modern ukraine it returned as a role model, they say. so the ancestors said, the place where the old galician words lived became, first of all, the mass media information - this is a photograph of this word, it is not missing in the ukrainian language. it was marked. rather, as a regional word they used to say so, yes, in the west, but a photograph is, well, a photograph, it is almost like in russian it is clear that the word itself is not a russian greek word at all. but it doesn't matter. it sounds similar to the russian language, so it's probably better to choose the option that doesn't sound like no pona. into russian, so yes, let's use the word svetlyna, however, even with such a language politics and powerful ideological support of the

modern ukrainian language is more like the language of soviet ukraine than the one that was spoken in historical galicia olga mokhova anastasia popova valeriy savelyev is typical, ukraine that's all we wanted to tell. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. good luck to you. vtb team we have put together a set of special offers to support and develop your business depositing cash for just one ruble a current account and a business card attractive deposit rates and other business offers dot vtb.ru vtb help business discounts are different and this week a cool 30% haier refrigerator with a full laptop function at a discount of 15,000 rubles. sounds profitable m.video when they started to bomb

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hi i'm already in crimea, the weather is wonderful 30 degrees in the most interesting place, when i tell them about what i feel, they listen, but they don't hear. and that's bad. no one can rewrite our history. this is just one of the folders prepared by the soviet accusations for the international military tribunal in nuremberg, no one will close the borders for us, always together. always online people are so strong. wow , it won't break in the cold, we are watching the masterpieces of world documentary cinema. i rediscovered myself gagarin he is a hero, a true hero. we miss it so much right now. classics novelties exclusives 10-15 m free of charge without registration.

problems with the supply of food, who is to blame and what to do vladimir putin explained to the custodian of germany and the president of france if anything, russia can feed?