rejection from the country of which they were part ukraine did not go the same way immediately, but along this path, rejecting, as it were, the communist past of their country, declaring it criminal under the veil, where communization took place de-russification. this is the new lenin freedom, the sower of the desert, although he himself was not a decembrist, by modern standards he could well be called an oppositionist emperor alexander the first and even blamed pushkin for flooding russia with outrageous poems, however. hardly in such wilds he those who today, if one may say so, are dismantling monuments to the poet, probably knowing only the well-established prefix great russian in the city of mukachevo, vandals painted the bust of the poet in yellow and blue in uzhgorod before demolition on a granite pedestal. suddenly, for some reason, the inscription joe

dassin appeared, but in chernihiv there are militants. now the defense of prim was the chilean consent of the local police, they dismantled the monument to pushkin, which stood in its place, for 121 years it was not touched even during the years of german occupation. kill the muscovite in yourself to fight all russian moskal, respectively, to fight it. it is necessary not only within themselves, but also in the public space everyone who wants to prove their patriotism. eh, his conscience, as a ukrainian, shows some kind of initiative to, well, either paint some shop in the colors of the ukrainian flag, or somehow desecrate a monument that reminds people of russia and a common history with russians, and so on. well, the state is also in this regard, especially the local authorities are trying, uh, to meet halfway and uh to direct this process, which notably, one of the leaders in the race for dismantling and renaming was transcarpathian uzhgorod. while

in such a large administrative center as lviv, it was proposed to rename about 30 russian streets in almost county-level chests, the authorities counted twice as many blacklisted names associated with the classics. there is no place left for world literature by the fat chekhov dostoevsky turgenev, as well as the scientists mendeleev tsiolkovsky lomonosov, and for me it has the first soviet cosmonaut yuri gagarin the symbolic meaning is quite serious, because it would seem to be some kind of innocent joke. this is what many called insanity, as they also considered russification to be insanity at the beginning , people shouted, rang all the bells, they say, guys, you are losing the russian-speaking part of the population, but whoever heard it, then they draw new names from today, and it’s not just about squares heroes of ukraine or the heavenly hundred, for example, in the city of vasilkov, kiev region , it was proposed to name the embankment in honor of the great friend of ukraine boris johnson, the prime minister of great britain, is ready

, as he said in april in kiev at a press conference following the results of negotiations with vladimir zelensky, to fight to the last ukrainian. whether the head of the british cabinet visited new vasyuki, that is, vasilkov tor, is silent, it is obvious that for ukrainian activists, geographical names have long ceased to be a reflection of past eras and the real cultural history of the country, you have become part of a large well-oiled system of political manipulations anna efimova valery savelyev anastasia popova typical, ukraine about the widespread practice of rejecting everything russian in ukraine, we will talk with our permanent expert historian alexander vasiliev. sasha good afternoon. hello sasha , after the start of a special military operation in ukraine, uh, such a huge wave swept. uh, from the nose of the russian monument. and yes, they sound all the time. eh, in the growing demands to abandon

everything russian, up to the language in everyday life, and moreover , it is argued that if it were not for a specially military operation, then in ukraine there would be no such phenomenon was it so any person who ah. well, he lived in ukraine and little may knows this problem. he knows perfectly well that this desire to get rid of everything russian, it was present in ukraine from the moment it did not even gain independence in the ninety-first year, but in fact much earlier, at least from the appearance of the ukrainian ssr and, in general, any forms of such ukrainian statehood even 100 years ago even then these trends. ah, they showed up. now the opposite is true for people who have been systematically doing this for many years are engaged in who have made a career in wrestling completely russian, and now they have, uh, on the contrary, a golden time, they use current events as an excuse

to finally solve the goals that they have openly declared, uh, all these years. but this is a very very important point, what kind of whole thing is this? what do they want to get rid of? what experience have you gained in this regard? well, here is an interesting story that in ukraine, as always, everything happened differently in different regions. here you can take such striking two examples, for example, lviv and odessa in this plan. yes, such certain cities are antagonists. e, well, for example, but in the same lvov instead of e figures. e soviet, er, period, so to speak, yes, and then they began to appear. and the same there bandery shukhevych, that is, ah, did not swear their own yes, not those names that have been in lviv for centuries. yes, these streets are built up with buildings of the 19th , somewhere even the 18th century, when we are the fifteenth and sixteenth. here. uh, well, that might be the most historic center. traditional toponymy was preserved there. and here is already slightly on the periphery. this it is already very clearly visible, and already at the same time in lvov

, already at the same time in lvov, precisely the abolition of russian culture began. yes, because we know change lermontov street on jahar street. dudaeva e. why is this so characteristic? because i don't think that the inhabitants of these old cozy lviv quarters had such a desire to live specifically on the street. uh, well, some kind of chechen militant, yes, well, hardly unrelated. this is not very euphonious for the ukrainian ear there. this name may sound. uh, and so on, but this was done. and, of course, no one thought. what was this street called 100 years ago, there or 200 years ago. yes, uh, that is, there was no harmonious urban environment in this regard. but no, there was a clear goal, and not only to remove the soviet one, but also the russian one. well, in odessa it can be compared, for example, instead of karl marx street, the name ekaterininsky was returned . that is, this is not even a renaming. but because we, for example, know that deribasovskaya street was also in the early years of soviet power, but the whole world famous derban. yes, it's been renamed too. the bolsheviks are there in the twentieth year, in my opinion, in fat.

well, after the war. eh, did the soviet government understand? what, well, that's the name of deribasov. yes, it's kind of organic for this place, and it's back. that is, this practice was already in soviet times. we know for sure in leningrad the same things, that is , the old names simply returned. that's exactly what happened in odessa in the nineties . yes, the same monument. uh, actually empress catherine yes, which now originates catherine street from this square, and in its place was they did not begin to break the soviet monument to the potemkinites, to break it with a crane, to dump it and shoot it down. no, they carefully dismantled it, moved it to the side of the odessa port checkpoint, yes, where, in fact, they were. the events associated with the armored waykin restored that monument and even directly took the figures from the museum and installed them on a pedestal, because part of the figure there, in addition to the central one, was preserved. that is, this is the difference in approaches, and it has always been there. but if we look at certain dynamics, we will see that this conditional let's call it the lvov approach. really nationalist. yes, he was

gaining momentum more and more. and now it has just reached its climax. he did not become anything fundamentally new. and what will the ukrainian authorities do when all the streets are renamed, monuments to bendera will be installed everywhere. and by the way, is it possible here, a total renaming throughout the country? we remember, yes, when it was really soviet time, it means that there were the same monuments, the same the streets are clearly these people are striving for exactly this. yes, so that there is a monument to bendery in every city there in austria. we have five, there and so on , they should definitely be in each. well , you can still name a few lanes, right? that is, they are clearly moving in that direction. yes, but they really don't have such a big pantheon. yes, they will eventually run out quickly. and now we are already seeing how new characters are being born, so to speak, uh, characters back in the time of yushchenko, already in odessa, again, they paved this road, then there was, uh, so, uh, a great friend ukraine lev kachinsky and in odessa the historical

polish street, yes, which reflects the original multinationality, and the city yes it. so, moreover, parts of this street were renamed in honor of the polish president. yes, it was the first all, senator street. uh, kane yes, of course, given that in the west, so to speak, this is the change of power, notorious. it happens all the time, then there will always be some new prime ministers, new presidents. they would be friends of ukraine that is, you can still rename the streets lanes, in their honor to erect monuments to them. that's it eat. i think that if this trend persists, at least for some territory, then that 's all we can talk about now. we say, even with a certain amount of irony, it is realized, and in fact it is, of course, well, quite tragic. but this only really seems absurd at first glance, and the probability is high. thank you very much for such a brilliant story. if i were asked to name three

figures typical of ukrainian politics, including historical characters, then almost without hesitation. i would say mazepa grushevsky and kravchuk mazepa began his career, at the court of the polish king jan casimir, after an affair with a strange wife, he had to flee to the hetman of the right-bank ukraine dorashenko, doroshenko, who swore allegiance to the turk, fought for power with the hetman of the left bank sammeovich and lost then mazepa went over to the side of samoilovich, who in this time was an ally of the muscovite kingdom and became the second person in the kazakh hierarchy after an unsuccessful campaign against the crimea on a denunciation, organized according to one of the versions with mazepa himself samoylovich was removed. his place was taken by mazepa and was unusually favored by peter the first, but nevertheless changed him and, having transferred to the service of the swedish king

charles 12, one of the historians can say that such transitions from one sesiron to another are normal practice in the 17th-18th centuries. , but in today's view, such an experience forms, to put it mildly, a contradictory image of mazepa grushevsky, like mazepa, who was included in the gallery of heroes of the struggle for independence, became the head of the first ukrainian state of the central rada in march 917. at first, the ukrainian people's republic was going to become an autonomy within russia, then it declared its independence in battles with the bolsheviks, the hetman of the skoropad white movement and the polish troops of the upr lasted until november 1920. grushevsky left ukraine for austria back in the nineteenth, and then for about 5 years he negotiated with the bolsheviks about returning to his homeland.

in 1924, grushevsky was allowed to return; he became a professor of history at kiev, the university of academicians of the all-ukrainian academy of sciences. it seems that difficult times of the revolution and the civil war of the 20th century, grushevsky knew how to negotiate and cooperate with various political forces. the same traits are easily captured, both in the political and personal biography of leonid kravchuk, which makes him a typical ukrainian politician about the controversial figure of the last head of the supreme soviet of the ukrainian ssr and the first president of ukraine, who recently passed away in the story of olga mokhova the first president of ukraine came businessmen and football functionaries, former acting politicians and other public, including all ukrainian ex-presidents with the exception of

viktor yanukovych, someone knew kravchuk for a very short time. some have been with him since the days of the ussr, however, about the soviet period of his career at parting. tried not to remember in the comments. after the funeral, it was noted that kravchuk's unique ability to find a common language with a variety of people and political forces, for which he earned the nickname the cunning leaf leonid kravchuk, he had such an art to communicate with everyone differently. if, for example, this concerned presidents, yes, then he was always friends, it did not matter. who before that he could oppose this presidential candidate, but as soon as the same kuchma became president, he immediately had him next to him leonid kravchuk was from the rivne region, which in the west of ukraine was the first of his fellow villagers who managed to enter kiev university. his party career began there, before the start of gorbachev's perestroika, he managed to go from the head of the local propaganda department to the second secretary

of the ukrainian central committee, he led the ideology in the communist party of ukraine ugu was famous for the fact that he could quote from memory damada, the number of quotes. lenin not mistaken. well, in time he dogged where it was blowing and instantly became a snap, however, from the ideal to communism in the open. he began to deny exactly before the collapse of the soviet union, when it was already a safe push. according to him , terrible facts and sports archives became, and the activities of the bolsheviks. however, he did not leave the party, he preferred to fight communism from within the system gradually, replacing communist rhetoric with nationalist rhetoric, when the last elections were held in the supreme soviet of the ukrainian ussr, it was precisely by agreement with the rukhites. they supported his candidacy in the election of the chairman of the supreme soviet of the ukrainian ussr, it was this step that became the springboard for his subsequent election of the president in the presidential elections on december 1, 1991.

they cast their votes for kravchuk. nineteen and a half million voters it was a record compared to the voting for subsequent ukrainian presidents on the same day at the referendum on the future of the ussr, 90% of the inhabitants of the ukrainian ssr voted for the independence of ukraine kravchuk used this fact as an argument for signing a week later on december 8, 1991, the belovezhskaya fact on the dissolution of the soviet union to the doctor, is one of the main destroyers of the soviet this union is quite obvious, but the fact is that if the ukrainian leadership had not behaved , then in a similar way, then yeltsin would not have had trump cards in the fight against gorbachev, too conduct in a similar way. this is the main thing that i have done in my life and said leonid kravchuk, meaning the dissolution. the ussr, but he hardly foresaw then, what fate was prepared for the most industrially developed soviet republic, which turned out to be from a strategic partnership with fraternal

russia, then the year became the hardest years in terms of decline, so to speak, the national economy, the fall of the economy, inflation jumped up to 10.000%. we lost, uh, as a result of such an absolutely chaotic policy. uh, well, almost, i guess. 45 percent in its industry, kravchuk's management was accompanied by a number of scandals in august of the ninety-third year, his decree appeared on the creation of the blanska joint-stock company on the basis of the black sea shipping company, a check carried out a year later showed that out of 228 ships, half were in the hands of foreigners, massive non-payment of wages and total debt of more than $300 million. even there was a consequence, but not brought to an end. because when you're close to the next president, yeah, that's all sorts of president for that closeness, and you fake it and certainly did not set off

the investigation. kravchuk, the president tried to attract national patriots mainly and western ukraine to key government positions by his mistake. he considered the appointment of leonid kuchma, the then successful director of yumash, head of the ukrainian one. the conflict with the government, as well as the parliamentary crisis and a powerful miners' strike led to early presidential elections in 1994, which kravchuk lost his defeat, he admitted, but relations with did not spoil the winners. he couldn't resist. why because it would be civil conflict and the second? i’m all resistance, on whom i could rely, who would support him with the name of kravchuk, to the word of an ardent fan , the football scam that thundered in the media in the ninety-fifth year was associated with settling a scandal with a bribe that the leaders of dynamo kiev handed over to the spanish referee for favorable for the ukrainian refereeing teams will soon be the main figures in the football case. leonid kravchuk grigory surkis and viktor medvedchuk gathered already in a political project, the

social democratic party of ukraine , united, by the way, at about the same time, kravchuk’s famous phrase appeared, only dead fools do not change their points of view in 2004 kravchuk calls himself a vip agitator for viktor yanukovych in 2006 who. the bloc is wrong, created in opposition to the political power of viktor yushchenko. and in 2010, it becomes the confidant of another contender. to the highest post of the state of yulia tymoshenko, even zelensky managed to attract kravchuk to important public activities, appointing him and for a short time the head of the ukrainian delegation at the minsk talks on the donbass. people connected like that. here, finally, the heavy scales come into play. and we saw literally another chattering there. yes, any attempt to get away from a specific implementation in an interview with our program in september 2020. leonid kravchuk said that it was quite possible to resolve the conflict in the format of the normandy four with the participation of the leaders of russia and germany, france and ukraine, they say, like in the ninety- first in belovezhskaya pushcha, when the heads of three

union republics made a decision, not being afraid of responsibility, kept silent about the truth that the first person they informed that the ussr as a geopolitical reality no longer exists was american president george w. bush. i think that we failed to sit down at the round table and agree on civilized not the principles of one country or russia or ukraine or say belarus about civilized european norms and principles of international law. this was the main mistake from which all subsequent did kravchuk then understand that it was from this point that catastrophic processes began for ukraine, which is so obvious today, the question is open, but as a result, mayma, as kravchuk himself liked to say, that we have what we have olga mokhova anastasia popova valeriy savelyev is typical, ukraine . kirill

vyshinsky was with you today. good luck to you. different eras the force wanted to deceive fate with you, you can’t deceive. wave only power one great country people. history of russia

for free

at the beginning information from the national center i will quote the kiev regime is preparing another

inhuman provocation in the city of shostka, sumy region, as the ministry of defense reported in the near future in shostka. the delivery of long -range missile systems is expected and the united states information was obtained as a result of the interceptor being negotiated. so ukrainian militants are planning to strike with these missiles on the border area with russia, and they are going to launch missiles from residential areas, counting on provoking the russian military to return fire, and then accuse of strikes on civilian objects and the death of civilians, according to the ministry of defense, they note that when carrying out provocations, kiev plans to use ukrainian and foreign journalists to prepare fake photos and videos, allegedly killing civilians in the city by russians. in addition, according to the ministry of defense, ukrainian militants continue to use hospitals and schools for military purposes. warehouses, ammunition weapons are equipped in educational institutions of odessa nikolaeva kramatorska slavyansk vla