since 2005, lukoil has already started rebranding. gas stations there will have new types of fuel, as well as their own loyalty program under the brand tee boyle will be transferred to more than 400 gas stations. this was the news of the economy in a nutshell.

it is quite obvious that either nuclear energy should grow and no less than two times. but what about nuclear waste gives the opportunity to completely new way to ensure the use of this is not waste. it's not trash. this is an element of further work. quite a demanded volume of this storage is enough

russian nuclear energy. 2040 here is the demand for the uranium regenerator here is the demand for plutonium. but all together this creates the target image that we are going for nuclear energy, if we achieve this, the fuel base is increasing towards nuclear energy, there are no competitors. it's time to make a breakthrough the investigative committee of russia charged the colonel of the all-union su, the ukrainian military, according to the investigation, repeatedly gave orders to shoot at residential areas, ill-treatment of by the civilian population and the use of methods prohibited by means of armed conflict, the

charges included episodes of his criminal activities in the period from february 25 to march 10 of this year. plotnikov repeatedly gave orders to shell residential buildings and socially significant civilian infrastructure facilities. plotnikov fully admitted his guilt and also repented of his deed. within a few years, russian oil and gas condensate, producing enterprises will switch to completely domestic equipment for hydraulic fracturing formation, a prototype of the hydraulic fracturing fleet has already been created and is now being tested. what function does the mobile complex perform and why it is impossible to do without it did dmitry horn find out? so the guy is a minute ready to check the connection, the

blender is ready. we give pressure to the pumps alexander line is ready. the success of the entire enterprise at a depth of several thousand meters underground depends on the almost jewelry accuracy of the work of large heavy machines on the surface. it is not an easy task to ensure the interaction of one and a half dozen pieces of equipment. all these barrels are trucks, containers are composite parts of the same complex. hydraulic fracturing fleet hydraulic fracturing. so it is called by experts for what similarities. this story is absolutely necessary, because what deposits are relatively arbitrary, let's call e traditional reservoirs. this is a collector with an extremely low provinciality. that is, it is a very dense collector. roughly, it can be compared simply with a stone, in other words, drilling without hydraulic fracturing. and what is located at a depth of more than three and a half km is unprofitable for hydrocarbons, if they come out, then only from the deposits adjacent to wellbore and downhole. and this low volume and

pressure will have to drill a lot of wells nearby in order to increase the performance and this is very expensive. but, if a lot of cracks are created around one solid trunk, extending from it for a couple of hundred meters in different directions. this number of inflows will increase many times, increasing the productivity of the well. after such stimulation, the well works for a long time steadily and for a long time, that is, we increase the uniformity of the development of deposits, the uniformity of the extraction of the reserve, so execute a task for the control service. we need geological and technical information on the well, hydraulic fracturing design, and only after that it is possible to prepare the well for hydraulic fracturing, everything takes up to 3 days. but first , all this heavy oversized equipment must be mobilized here in the spring; this is not easy to do. spring in the north is the time of white nights, just now it has been established. polar day. this is the level of illumination around the clock, but in addition, it is still the time of active snow melting, positive temperatures have been established , and the upper layer is melting forever

permafrost, because of this, this one will unravel on the roads , so tens of kilometers to the bush have to be overcome almost bogged down on the bumper itself. but it’s impossible to stop the process and work , therefore, it’s impossible to get stuck, but they go here, they move around, mainly on domestic vehicles, but even highly passable cars are not always able to overcome mud barriers alone caterpillar tractor, so we will definitely get out and drive. there is not much. here is our bush where it will happen, cunningly breaking the tail, on this bush 2 achimov. the site has already completed one well. they drilled and carried out hydraulic fracturing. now it has a fountain fixture installed on it. this is actually a valve that can be opened to supply hydrocarbons to the field. in total, there will be four of them, just now

hydraulic fracturing is being prepared for the second well. and here's how it looks on each well provided for hydraulic fracturing, 300 tons of propane injection. this is what sand looks like. certain factions that do not give further the collector will collapse the crack that we make in the process of conducting. actually stone, it replaces, er, those voids that have formed. yes absolutely right, so 300 of these bags are 300 of these bags. uh, how deep you need to immerse all this specifically for this well. we are now planning to make a coat of arms at a depth of 3,470 m. however, propane cannot be pumped into such a dry and crumbly depth. yes, and the process would not be called hydra fracturing, without conditionally speaking liquids for the delivery of proppants, serious preparations are being organized. first in miniature field laboratories. here, all components undergo quality assessment to meet the necessary requirements developed for each specific well and

the conditions, first of all, we add a temperature stabilizer. then the demolgator and stabilizer clay the next breaker is also a destructor and last of all a sewer, many of these components are used, for example, in the food industry and agriculture, medicine in everyday life, they are needed so that the mixture reaches the goal and does not collapse ahead of time due to high pressure temperature, the required viscosity and sand-carrying capacity, laboratory tests showed that the fracturing fluid meets all requirements visually, it looks like a child's toy. the slime is gel-like with grains inside in this form it will be fed into the well. from the left side. we have the mix on the right side of the stapler. there is also a breaker, also there is a second one, we start the pumps, open the taps. all components are fed into the mixing plant here, water from these

fifty-cube tanks, a total of 800 tons of water and 300 tons of proppant. now everything needs to be mixed. this is done by the operator of the blender mixing plant , he monitors the proportions. and then i pump everything with pumps under incredible pressure, this is a well. this pump has a power of 2.250 horsepower. e, allows you to create a pressure of 1,000 atmospheres and pump up to e, 8,000 liters. in a minute of 8 m³, there are five such pumps in the hydraulic fracturing process at the facility, and all of them pump at the same time so that the process is continuous. how many of its processes the process itself lasts a couple hours? and preparation about preparation 3 days we open a well. so everyone, let's start pumping the backfill with these five high-

pressure pumps, a special solution for hydraulic fracturing. through this complex pipeline system, it is directed directly to the well and to the depth of the antivan deposits, several thousand meters underground. it is interesting that the very moment of hydraulic fracturing occurs in the first minutes of injection of this solution there, when the well pressure rises to 600 atmospheres. if you look at the graph, the moment of hydraulic fracturing is visible on the curve, at the beginning, the indicators grow along with the well pressure, then a sharp decline at this moment and formation of fractures in the reservoir occurs. after the pressure is gradually reduced until the mixture reaches the lowest point and fills all the voids another feature. after everything is rammed , the breaker reaction begins. the destructor works only when everything is needed. according to the design project, or propane osta co breaks down into components in a crack, the rest comes to the surface and is mined. here we see the final geometry of the fracture, which, in

principle, has already occurred here. 300 tons of proppant were pumped and the average fixed length there, and the fracture was 116 m. states of america where this technology is used in the extraction of the so -called shale gas, the problem of using this type of equipment. uh, let's say, the united states associated with the fact that other harmful concomitant substances get into, uh, into we don’t have such problems with water, because ours, let’s say, lie much deeper than the reservoir, given that the technology of hydraulic fracturing allows you to breathe new strength into mature places. with a developed infrastructure and to contribute to more efficient development of fields with difficult geology, the need for hydraulic fracturing equipment will grow. work is underway.

and on import substitution, it is in the part of the hydraulic fracturing fleet in the next 2023, already at the wells. about gazprom doby urengoy will carry out pilot tests of the domestic fleet, the republic of belarus is now a prototype of the first domestic hydraulic fracturing complex is undergoing factory tests in volgograd, it was created in the shortest possible time on the basis of the federal research and production center. titanium barricade, the designers of the defense industry enterprise developed and brought the project to life from metal to software in 8 months. our task was to produce a domestic hydraulic fracturing fleet to replace foreign -made hydraulic fracturing fleets. moreover, this task is complicated so that the fleet provides deep, penetrating multi-stage gr. with this and we are correcting, at present the fleet has been manufactured and is undergoing factory tests, as experts say, the complex turned out to be superior to foreign

analogues. we have full automation of the entire hydraulic fracturing process, that is, not remote control, but automatic process control through the use of architectural solutions for the control system and e, the use of domestic software, including our own development, is ahead of schedule. that is, we sought to create a fleet ahead of the technical characteristics that currently exist , manufacturers strive to make equipment as convenient and easy to use as possible, which will undoubtedly affect the efficiency of its use now with one button, roughly speaking, as we usually do it. in our main projects, so to speak, we actually do them. here we are doing this is the most complicated operation while in full citizenship. the project used the rich experience of the company with water in the domestic fleet. hydraulic fracturing

too. unique usually these are two different pieces of equipment, a separate car with a separate container of water, which is then lowered by a crane first from the platform to the ground, then set to a vertical position. the next stage of the test bench is specially developed for this, by connecting to it they will completely repeat the conditions of hydraulic fracturing, you can simulate emergency situations, change reservoir pressure and much more, in order to teach electronics to think and solve problems, a control system in which two-channel ethernet e-e one of the few who have used this system here also we have power isolation. here, full logging automation of the hydraulic fracturing process of all parameters. we can then display any, that is, archiving of all, uh, processes. e-e and hydraulic fracturing parameters after field testing. the well is already scheduled for