because we are one people, despite the fact that we represent different nationalities, different religions. right here in the square. people of different ages, but we are one people, because we have a heroic past a great heroic past. uh, common real and every citizen of the russian federation is sure that a great future awaits us. let me remind you that for the first time russia day was celebrated on a large scale in the country on june 12, 1995, then state awards were presented in the kremlin. and it has already become a tradition. well, june 12, 2003 is the day of russia the first time it was celebrated on red square and since then it has been celebrated here after a festive concert already in the evening at 22:00. this celebration will end with fireworks. they say that it will be visible from a variety of points, it is not necessary to watch it on red square, according to

tradition, these are observation and sparrow hills and bridges of the moscow river this year russia day came on a day off on sunday. perhaps this fact also adds such a little bit. weekend mood and festive mood on the faces of people maria gladkiy sergey velichko andrey shner, russia 24 in moscow on novy arbat, an exhibition opened today great philosophers of russia in front of the library of the history of russian philosophy of culture losevo house presented portraits of biographies, as well as excerpts from works, 32 russian writers and philosophers among the names of nikolai berdyaev sergey bulgakov vladimir vernadsky alexander zinoviev alexey losev and other exhibitions are held as part of the homecoming project with the support of the presidential fund for cultural initiatives. orthodox today celebrate the day of the holy trinity, one of the main church holidays, the patriarch held a divine service

in the trinity-sergius lavra, and after that he blessed the beginning of the procession with a particle of the relics of st. sergius of radonezh through the dioceses of the russian orthodox church it is because of this place where we are standing. the commandment was given. to overcome the hateful strife of this world with love, and that means to endure a life of well-being in a world of peace in love and happiness, and may st. sergius help us with his words and by his service aimed at the salvation of our fatherland, may each of us help each of us follow his great commandment on our life path to overcome the hated strife of this world with love. amen happy holidays.

hello, i'm sergey stankevich, we continue to look through our calendar of big events, which tells how we moved from the ussr to the new russia at the end of the last century, today, i propose to remember how the communist party lost its monopoly on power in the ussr and how multi-proteism returned to us . her majesty history time from time allows itself irony it so happened in february-march 1990, ironically, the situation of the february revolution of 1917 was repeated, let me remind you that in 1917 emperor nicholas ii renounced the autocratic power in russia, which opened the way

for the bolshevik revolutionaries to soon come to power in february march 1990 years, the heirs of the bolsheviks lenintsev, who headed the cpsu, had already renounced the monopoly on power in the ussr; this opened the way for the coming to power of the liberal opposition led by boris yeltsin the notorious sixth article of the soviet constitution proclaimed the guiding and guiding force of soviet society, the core of its political system of state and public organizations is the communist party of the soviet union, think about it in soviet society , a leader was imposed indefinitely, who did not change the principle in any elections, one country, one ideology , one leading party with one all-powerful

general secretary allowed to keep under total administrative and political control all 15 heterogeneous national republics and many national autonomies. the materials of party congresses and plenums were studied by everyone without fail , a strange pseudo-religious slogan. the glory of the cpsu intrusively decorated the streets of cities and villages the cpsu did not allow any ideological, much less political alternative. she did not allow even doubts in her dogmas and guiding principles and hard coral apostates. by the beginning of 1990, the cpsu entered a state of internal split, and perestroika, which had been going on for the fifth year, aggravated economic difficulties exacerbated interethnic problems in free elections, open political debate once the gilders of the company in the media the emergence of

parliamentary opposition. all this aggravated the vacillation and splits within the party, a significant part of the communists. moved to the democrats during 1989, one after another collapsed communist regimes of the six socialist countries of europe disappeared. european socialist camp. these events, especially the dramatic fall of the berlin wall and the execution of the romanian dictator cusevscu made an oppressive impression on the communist nomenclature, and mass democratic rallies in moscow and leningrad, in the center of which was the demand for the abolition of the sixth article of the constitution, convinced the gorbachev team that it was better to hurry up and play ahead of the curve in february 1990, the plenum of the central committee of the cpsu considered the fate of the sixth article active supporters of the reforms alexander yakovlev vadim medvedev eduard shevardnadze proposed to cancel the article of contention and

switch to cabartism, calling on the communists, while this is not to be afraid of open competition, yakovlev convinced those of the same type that the soviet government approached, perhaps, the most serious crisis in all 72 years of its existence. and that the task of the party now is not to cling to its former exclusivity, but simply to survive in a radically changed world , otherwise the growing wave of revolutionary impatience will overthrow and sweep away. conservatives yegor legachev viktor nikonov vladimir shcherbitsky demanded to stand to the last and not yield anything, perhaps the decisive argument in making decisions at the plenum was the 200,000th antipathy rally, noisy next to the kremlin on manezhnaya square. mikhail gorbachev convinced the top of the communist party to agree to renounce the

ideological and political monopoly. had to fight for seats in the soviets on a par with other parties, which immediately began to multiply and multiply the authorities needed new tools. on march 14, 1990, a law was adopted establishing the post of president of the ussr, and with the broadest powers. this position. naturally, it was intended for mikhail gorbachev when he became president. union, he could already depend much less on the communist party and on its future, already dubious electoral fate, according to the updated

constitution, the president of the ussr was to be elected by popular vote, but the first election of the president could, as an exception, be carried out by the congress of people's deputies. ussr gorbachev, perhaps then it was necessary to take a risk and go to direct popular elections. with all the discontent already accumulated by the soviet people, the leader of the perpetrators still had a good chance of collecting a majority of votes in total for all the republics, but he chose not to risk being elected at the congress. and thus weakened their positions for the future gorbachev's assistants held consultations with the opposition interregional deputy group, it was important for them that the opposition agreed with the election of the president at the congress would not call for this rallies and strikes, and moreover, would have voted for mikhail sergeevich as a counter

step from the kremlin, in addition to the abolition of the sixth article , joint work was proposed on a program for a phased transition to a market economy. an informal agreement was then reached by the majority of opposition deputies in march 1990 voted for president mikhail gorbachev in the writings of historians and political scientists for many years there have been discussions about what role the abolition of the sixth article of the soviet constitution played in the future the ussr, many argue that it was a fatal step that made the collapse. union is almost inevitable in part. it is true that the communist party was the supporting frame of the ussr, and its ideology was an indispensable glue that held the soviet structure together into a holistic and

centralized state. the removal of the frame and the removal of the glue led to the collapse of the state building. gorbachev was right in making the transition to a multi-party system and a presidential system. truth. find yourself in a new situation and really take advantage of the huge presidential powers. he didn't make it. but now, look how bizarre history is exactly 10 years later. march 2000 is already in a completely different state in the russian federation. the russian united social democratic party was created, its leadership included many prominent figures from the times remaining in the past perestroika. mikhail gorbachev was elected chairman of the new left party, and its appearance was welcomed by the entire european social democracy, but time was, alas, irrevocably lost the mood of the people, as well as their attitude to the only president of the ussr

changed radically. the transition of the soviet union in 1990 to a multi-party system and to a presidential form of government was an important step, opening up opportunities for political modernization, which could in turn accelerate critical changes in the economy, but the ussr was already beginning to burst at the seams . task - was the search for a new saving version of the union statehood. even if the damaged liver worries better take care of it in time , two active components could help relieve inflammation and

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