confrontation between russia and europe in the game of survival , according to biden, there should be only one collapse of hopes in the fifth republic, france is changing against the backdrop of ukraine, the plot from the scene green agenda no, they have not heard europe rejects the atom and returns to coal materials of our program. this week the focus of the european union is its leaders at the meeting. brussels officially awarded ukraine moldova the status of candidates for eu membership, the speed of decision-making is incredible. 4 months ago no one could imagine could do nothing of the sort, the most acute regional crisis became the catalyst. previously, it would have meant exactly the opposite guarantee that the involved countries had nothing to hope for at all, but not now the head of the

european council, charles michel, said this. the geopolitical choice of the european union is a milestone the european union has always shied away from the concept of geopolitics as hell of incense, still the legacy of the nightmarish european past is the cure for which integration became, the damned geopolitics was replaced by a set of norms and rules, and instead of geographical maps undertook to draw graphs of welfare growth, but here you go. a geopolitical choice, moreover, poor georgia was not honored with a candidacy, saying that the geopolitical position is not so urgent , the status of a candidate in itself means little. in any case, the european leaders claim that ukraine and moldova will not have any green corridor, everything will

follow the general rules. the application for entry was considered by all eu members and decided to start negotiations, that is, the state was put on the waiting list. this is just the beginning of a long journey with an unknown outcome. first of all, there are many intermediate stages to go through, for example, negotiations on all 33 chapters of the accession treaties with the condition of unanimous approval of all 27 eu countries candidates must meet the so-called max rome criteria respect the principles of democracy and human rights have stable state institutions to guarantee the rule of law candidate status does not give the state a guarantee of entry. and negotiations can take many years today in the lists of official candidates for the eu means five states albania north macedonia

serbia montenegro the latter has been trying to get into the eu for more than 20 years the status of an eu candidate she received back in the ninety-ninth year, negotiations began in 2005 and are still ongoing there are many unresolved issues between ankara and brussels, including the status of cyprus the northern part of which the turkish army controls in the mid-seventies north macedonia applied for eu membership in 2004, but greece prevented it, then bulgaria, which does not recognize the macedonians as a separate ethnic group, in 2005 albania tried to get membership in the candidates, but it only succeeded in 2014 , while the eu accession negotiations with northern macedonia albania were launched only 2 years ago, montenegro became an eu candidate in 2010 serbia in 2012 since then, countries have been leading their

legal the government, in accordance with the requirements of the european union, are now the favorites that are potentially ready to join the eu in 2025. another european plot partially embargoed loads to kaliningrad introduced by lithuania, as they say, vilnius in pursuance of the eu sanctions. although the european commission somehow thinks of a conflict, not a new transportation from the main territory of russia to the kaliningrad region is purely internal transportation, but it is carried out through lithuania , the eu state how to be exactly 20 years ago, the settlement was already being dealt with in another political atmosphere. the rules for cargo turnover between kaliningrad and the rest of russia are determined by bilateral agreements with lithuania ; they were signed back in the nineties, but

due to the fact that vilnius joined the eu, it arose. the so-called kaliningrad problem itself the western part of russia was separated from the rest of the territory by strange european union cargo transportation. then few people cared much faster was the question. do you have a passport for a trip, in fact from russia to russia and european visas that would have to be obtained, if you are traveling by train or by car earlier , an internal passport and the ussr or russia with a special insert were enough for this. he confirmed citizenship and registration in the region, when a joint statement was signed at the 2002 eu summit, the document was drafted in such a way that the transportation of people and goods is treated mainly as a matter of third-party russian-lithuanian relations, but all parties, including the eu, understand the uniqueness of the provisions and are ready to take all efforts to remove

the concerns of the parties in the matter of cargo transit people have simplified travel and transit documents. these issues were settled by a special bilateral agreement with lithuania, but the problem, in fact, did not go anywhere for a trip to kaliningrad by train or cars. passports are still needed, and when goods are traded within russia, kaliningradsky is the only one that undergoes customs processing. you are the border crossing procedure itself, both for people and cargo. all this time it has been a source of criticism. and the times are not so old, but very distant, let's talk with our kind, comrade dmitry polyansky, first deputy permanent representative of russia to the un now, and in the zero years, an active participant in negotiations with the european union, involved in the then extensive agenda of bilateral relations, dima began the

2000s now, like a mirage, strategic partnership with the eu then looked. well, not just possible, but hardly inevitable. do you remember how the solver from the kaliningrad problem had an understanding that this big expansion was coming. it ended up being in 2004. uh, there were active negotiations. e s according to e russian concerns. in particular, in the context of the entry of the baltic states. and all this was considered in the context, just these developments, that is, everyone understood that this needed to be resolved, including the lithuanians who wanted to close this issue were very positively disposed. before joining, the atmosphere was therefore generally quite positive and the only thing that was out of line. this is what the european union needed to please, so to speak, russia's interests to make changes to its regulations have never happened before. and it was such a moment for them is very psychologically difficult, but they did it. they adopted two regulations on

simplified travel documents, transit documents. and they touched on the railroad. they are primarily what we needed to solve. this is a question. uh, the movement of people, uh, we didn’t want to create a situation where our citizens would travel from one territory of the country to another part of it on a visa, so we created a regime that still works, as i understand it, and uh, in general something, no one complains about him technically points of view. it seems to me that everything was done very well and a large group of people worked on it, and dmitry olegovich rogozin was with us. sergey sergeevich azov was also involved. many departments were passionate about this work. everything was done with high quality, but naturally, things have changed a lot since then , of course, this is the spirit, so to speak, this is ambition. e interaction between russia and the eu. it's just in front of your eyes. uh, a completely different situation has happened since i started dealing with the european union. it was still ninety-nine. uh, and now uh, then

mm everything, it was seen quite differently, there were very optimistic expectations from the fact that russia and the eu are strategic partners, that we are, so to speak, on the same continent. we must help each other to unite the potentials, economic, and possibly political joint plans were built by napoleonic a. you were sincerely expecting then. well you i mean both sides. yeah , i think it was sincere, and uh. i remember very well how we discussed some future configuration of relations between russia and the eu and we were moving, one might say, by leaps and bounds agreements. only we saw it as an agreement between two equal entities, uh in europe yes equal strategic partnership the european union repeated uh strategic equal partnership they said. they may be tongue twisters or they didn’t speak at all, that is, in their understanding, after all, this eurocentric model was, e, defining, but that’s all. this was left

for the future, because they told us now the european union would expand. uh, there will be new members and the situation will change, we were told that for the better side. naturally, from the point of view of the eu, we were told that now you are bullying like that, there polyakov and the balts say that they are russophobic, but you are doing this in vain, because they are so small you are big. they are afraid of you. as soon as they, then join us to our big family, all their phobias will immediately die off and your relationship. uh, they will be on a different level, uh, and it seems to me that those who told us about this, but western european countries. they really believed in it, in the end it turned out somehow on its own, you probably know, it’s better than me in a completely different way and it turned out that this russophobia and all these parochialism that they brought to the european union became different for the entire european union, including because, uh, the decision-making process in the european union itself, because there was a need for different countries

to promote issues that are important to them. since for this dozen the issues of relations with russia were important, they exchanged them for some other important issues for the enemies, there the french agricultural policy, there italy migration and so on, and it turned out that they were made available to them all the time. as a result, the european union found himself in the situation in which he found himself now, when anti-russian rhetoric, so to speak, flourishes and dominates, uh said, if there is such a moment, here, if you remember about expansion. you're probably fine too. do you remember that it didn’t go as originally planned, because at first the so -called principle of the regatta was defined, when the one who swam first was accepted and there six countries were singled out. uh, from the balts there was only estonia from the eastern europeans. there, in my opinion, poland was no more, but there was the czech republic hungary and this political possession began. well, how is it? here we are the balts, all together there

fought with the soviet union, and they take only estonia unfairly, the germans took over poland and it turned out that politics went ahead of the economy. in my opinion. this is the first time it has been so obviously done. and this was a strategic mistake of the eu. well, it 's the big countries that decide anyway, not the newcomers, the european union has become much more fragile and much more complex. uh, it has become a more complex design, uh, in identifying common interests with russia, if we suppose we could in 2003 to take let's say rather expensive. so for the four common spaces, then after that, of course, we did n’t even dream of such a consensus on relations with russia until, again, somewhere in 2004, the fifth year, if my memory serves me right, we had russia’s eu summits every six months, in- first, and secondly, at almost every one of these summits we managed to adopt joint statements

on political issues. i can't even imagine it now. yes, we were somewhere a little bargaining, uh, both those and others wording, but still 90% of us had some kind of common common vision, but there was some kind of turning point in replacing the european, neighborhood policy with the eastern partnership. this was also, of course, a milestone moment, and we spoke frankly. i remember very well the conversations with my german colleagues and actually in this conversation. and we, the russian side, outlined everything that could happen in ukraine , what is happening now. well, not by the way, not specifically a military operation. and i mean everything problems of separation from russia, so to speak, from the russian space russophobia. uh, nationalism and the main consequences for relations between russia and russia, the west as a whole, then, in principle, no one believed us, they said that we were scaring, there and so on, but everything turned out exactly as we predicted. and it was a big mistake when the european union

put forward this concept of the eastern partnership, where there were no equal models at all, where there could only be a subordinate model built here as a priority of the european union or with eu and then you obediently do what the eu wants, or if you are independent, like russia it means you have some kind of threat, then you need to be treated differently and use completely different mechanisms. this, in my opinion, was also a turning point, negative in relations between russia and the eu, my biggest regret, to be honest, i spoke about this more than once. this is what has not been implemented. here is this arrangement with the ampoule, er, the third of this space. external security, where the essence of which was to the fact that neither russia nor the european union should put our common neighbors in a position of choice between russia and the eu. this was absolutely the most important understanding. hmm, which would have saved us from many problems, as soon as the eu began to pull ukraine to itself and not only ukraine, the eastern partnership itself. in my opinion, violated

this principle. that's when we really started having problems, because naturally. they went to those who crossed the red line of our interests. naturally. they began to move these countries towards an uncomfortable choice for them. uh, which is the elite of these countries. uh, couldn't afford it without repercussions. well, they will object to this that it is russia that has changed, because the eastern partnership was the answer to the russian-georgian confrontation of the eighth year, this is exactly how they conceived it long before the russian georgian conflict. it wasn't done. uh, in one second, here is the russian. the georgian conflict is also not in an empty place, what is called was born and also the european union played an important role in this. uh, therefore all this is already, what is called brewing is the consequences of the expansion. these are the consequences of this expansion subsequently introduced by the countries of eastern europe, primarily in this case by poland, which immediately positioned itself as a large country, well, large in terms of

population. naturally, they immediately began to help uh pay a lot of money. and they felt. it's like rummaging, what is called they decided to promote their agenda. ah, haggling. uh, with eurorands in some other areas. and we succeeded in it. you see, at least a distant prospect, that relations can again change for the better. awareness of the importance of russia for europe, first of all as such and in general awareness of europe as an independent player, but when it left, because europe now plays an absolutely prestigious role to uh to nato to the united states. actually. europe itself wants that europe was interested in the middle east crises that provoked, the united states well, she received a huge number of migrants, and what was europe's interest here there was europe's interest in afghanistan at other points. and even if you don't take russia, that is, before the europeans mature,

they need to realize what they are like. and what they want, in fact, not only with russia, with china is the same. and where is where, so to speak, the interests of europe in the policy of the united states to contain china, for example, i do n’t see them at all, but nevertheless, they lag behind, so to speak, that’s american foreign policy. and what the usa wants i can perfectly imagine what they are doing, so what lies at the heart of their action. i also represent everyone very well. well, what is the basis of the actions of the eu for me remains a big mystery? thank you a look at the kaliningrad problem from germany, the author is true, apparently of greek origin kostes georgas coffee grain is written on the ears of wheat from ukraine and the barrier, he says, you should be ashamed of the blockade of kaliningrad this is a chinese view of the situation. lithuania and the gentleman represents it, she managed to quarrel with china

because of taiwan and unleash a trade war, the chinese newspaper global times offers its own version of events. the work of robert i real appeared back in 2014, but the image is in high demand now. the drawing often appears on the internet . and on the one that nato has protected more attention, a caricature from the cambrian style is still about boris johnson's very first trip to ukraine, people back. they shout, boris boris and the adviser says to the prime minister sir - this is russians in the middle east look at what is

happening in a completely different way than in europe. , a metamorphosis, a really interesting european integration that began in the middle of the last century was probably one of the most successful political projects in the history of the old world at the same time and a guarantee of peace between sworn adversaries and a guarantee of economic prosperity for all involved, but the composition of the participants was otherwise homogeneous in cultural historical terms. and there was also a common and indisputable external threat. soviet communism greatly stimulated unity. and in the old days, we will talk with the welcome guest mikhail lipkin, director of the institute of world history, a wonderful specialist in europe of the last century. hello mikhailovich. so, when the sixtieth anniversary of european integration was celebrated a couple of years ago, one of the leaders of the european said that one of the fathers of the project should

be considered stalin so scared that he directly rallied. that's for a long time. you agree that this is the soviet threat. well, plus enough compactness of the association in those days were important factors and success. e, definitely agree. although, as it were , integration woo father and don't care. after the e- shock of the 2006 crisis, when you don't remember, they can go out at night to solve major problems. and this was also, of course, an incentive for canintegration, but, of course, yes, the factor of the communist threat, and the fact that the americans were leading up to this all the time and this european integration actually began with those associated with the marshall plan. why were they actually not allowed to participate, although we participated in the negotiations in the forty-seventh year, but it was initially clear that all this was connected, in- the first with, uh, the revival of germany yes, with the fact that the emphasis is on the revival of economic power. well, not only economic,

as we understand it, but west germany, but for the soviet union it was a red rag. well , firstly, as if the most affected country. here. secondly, how in a country that continued to count on receiving reparations to restore its economy and much more? so i was afraid, of course, of german revanchism, there were also socialists in european countries who were very much afraid of their neighbors. this is also not happy. yes, yes, that’s why there were a lot of plans there in general, there was such a compote, there was an ideological one or socialists with the estimated states of europe as a third force were right there, i don’t know, there was a league of economic cooperation, which was purely for economic things. and at the level of all expert communities and other things tried to prepare public opinion in this regard. well, they were natural. the terrorists of which there were a lot of duplicate organizations, which, in the forty- eighth year, finally got together and at the beginning they began to form the council of europe and thought that through this, for the first time, it’s like, yes, i ’m delegating national parliaments, as if my representatives there . there will be such political

integration and nothing happened, and already in such a semi-absolutely closed manner at the level of secret negotiations. that's just the first time between france and west germany, the british were practically unaware, this case is being prepared. here, uh, it is an agreement, yes, the european unification has a so -called plan. ah, in fact, the lightning plan, because the semolina was preparing, yes, but since the minister of turnover schuman is french, he said that he always goes everywhere with us, like a schumann plan. this is how he really came to be. uh, in fact, the parliament was faced with the fact of signing the treaty. here they joined him. naturally. and here are other key small countries. there the country was accused. they ended up like this. the first european community, the main principle of which was that there for the first time a supreme national body arose. here they jumped. it can be said that it was successful until there was a degulia, because he probably would not have allowed this. well, that's right, that's why then there arose strong, as if friction, and that is,

what is the essence of this body eight representatives who were appointed, as it were, by government officials. e six of the first countries, they swore allegiance and swore that national interests would be lower than 1 nationality. that is, they directly swore an oath to us, it was prescribed. yes , imagine everything, really. yes, yes it comes. gol, but i also think that in general the key moment for western european integration at that time was the elysian treaty of january 1963 , where the historical reconciliation of germany and france takes place, which during the first world war before , there, yes, 1971, that is fought among themselves. they were just there for a century, and here it goes, and they do not slander to consult about syoma fifth there about foreign policy and so on. so i think that the next stage of our elysee treaty was the moscow treaty with the frg of the seventy- first year, and then the european detente, and then the attempts went just like that. here is a conversation about recognition, yes, and the establishment of some kind of relationship through the cmea with e. here, with the economic integration of the

western european, as it were, normal began to be built for fishing, that is, here are the first decades of the existence of the european community there after the fifty-seventh year. the soviet union did not react very strongly to it, very harshly against it, it was perceived absolutely. as an attempt means to integrate western germany into nato structures and as an economic appendage of nato, there were grounds for this, you know, here are the first attempts to live. uh, even after the fifty- first year, there were attempts to create integration around the military-industrial complex associations of western countries, there were various other attempts there around medicine, that is, in general, there was a whole set of ideas. what communities do, but approached. as a result, here's to this, and from the point of view. mida was the most terrible in the eurotom, they were afraid that in this way a nervous weapon would give the frg access, but from the point of view. this is where the discussions begin. all in the seventh year. so it starts a little bit, like , now, if before that everything was propaganda and they were waiting for everything to collapse and in 504 they were able to fill up, and the european defensive community,

thanks to its very influence, thanks to, as it were, the really notorious european army, which, yes, they are still talking through the still very strong french communists, that is, france, as one of the main countries, failed to ratify this agreement and that’s it. after that, this idea fell apart and they thought that, well, here's a possible countermeasure. it can be really effective, how to restrain these attempts to integrate in western europe, which everything was considered to be absolutely directed against the soviet union, so absolutely anti-communist has rhetoric and then, when we leave. that's just in time already after the yes of the moscow treaty, the decision, in fact , is not final, but still, yes, the rapprochement with bon and the solution of this most severe confrontation with the frg, that is, is coming to naught. this is the expectation of a third world war in uh, the attack of the german army is actually yes , the borders of the foreign union are more or less fixed on eastern europe and foreign countries, in general

, brezhnev and his entourage arrive in some such euphoria. a proposal and an invitation to a dialogue between the structures of the council for economic assistance and actually structures in brussels and begins difficult later, towards the very end. the dialogue began, no, the dialogue began, just in the year 775 these things begin. and it happened. that is, how would the signing of something happen, in general, the price of the soviet union went up, only it was a very complicated process, and there were such stop-gos, as it were, but here are things, that is, it really seemed to be moving, and they approached something, then suddenly stopped and slowed down. here, uh, well, in the middle series, i just showed it all. that is i think that is 79 years. they were very close to a compromise actually. and this is a huge head start for badalov in the development of the seva, because he would really be recognized. well, maybe not in the way that they wanted as an absolutely equal partner, but, nevertheless, this would give him enormous authority, because alone in each country

it was difficult to achieve maximum benefits for yourself. but still, when you have a large structure. which represents you collectively, that really kept the eastern europeans interested. and so, in fact, my authority from the soviet union would have grown a lot then, but afghanistan turned out to be colder. yes, different policy of washington, different people, different ideas. and so, as it were, this is a question that interests me very much, e during the years of the cold war, it was clear blocs and discipline. european countries quite voluntarily explored the fairway, but at the same time we know a lot of examples when they defended their own interests, proving to washington that this is what they need, including in relation to the soviet union, energy and etc. now there is no such impression. although, like, as it were the cold war. until recently , there wasn’t, but the degree of subordination of european interests to washington’s opinion seems to be higher, why then they succeeded, but now they don’t.

quite effectively in the sixties on the one hand, yes, after all, nato put pressure on the frg in the sixty-second year, what happened in the seventy-first year did not happen, then a deal was actually prepared. it was an economic breakthrough and the embargo was very much remembered then, this is then western and german. here, as if colleagues. yes, they remembered that that's when they caved in. and then the soviet union went to cooperate with japan in some way, something else began to do, but really. this partially held back development. here, but on the other hand, with people, then , nevertheless, it returned to normal, and in the seventy-first year, in six months, they agreed on the most complex package of documents, a colossal deal. everything was done. that's fine, the same englishmen who most of all portrayed themselves there, yes, that's how toothy they are, but in long-term credit plan first. they provided in the seventies. uh, here we have these things and like this, that is, the soviet union at the bilateral level

acted very actively, but unfortunately, i would say that at the level of multilateral diplomacy, of course, stubbornly ignoring official recognition of these communities and some official contacts. except here are the attempts to conclude through the cmea, which stretched out for two decades, that is, only in the eighty-ninth year. they came to this and this it was already an absolutely worthless agreement; in fact, they pulled all the countries of eastern europe into direct bilateral agreements, where the most essential things for them were spelled out. that is, with the ef it came out very essentially. well, it seems to me that learning the lessons of the cold war. it's extremely relevant right now. you see, you have to repeat something. thank you so much. thank you. mikhail lipkin was with you. in france, the flagship of europe , since the launch of integration, the commotion over the results of the parliamentary elections, the movement of the president of acron together has lost absolutely the majority of the national assembly, the united left and the extreme right, have achieved success and will remove it now we have to negotiate here is the sadness from the scene

, correspondent of the all-russian state television and radio broadcasting company anastasia popova the loss of the majority for him is a complete failure. as a result, instead of a controlled lower house. he received a powerful opposition capable of not only blocking any of his bill. well, nightmare. here is the distrust of the government, the second day of the macron. i thought i met with the leaders of the factions and decided to make an appeal to the nation. i cannot ignore the deep divisions and divisions that exist in our country today, which have affected the results of the elections to the national assembly in the interests of our entire nation. we must learn to manage and deal with creative law in a different way collectively. we'll have to make compromises, but do it in total transparency.

openly through dialogue and respect, the answer came immediately after. the opposition believes that macron's prime minister does not reflect the maker of the majority. in french, and, therefore, a separate vote must be held on her candidacy. such is today the parliament is in a stronger position than the president from now on nothing must pass us by the prime minister must appear before the national assembly to present a program of action and gain the confidence of the parliament. if she doesn't, she must the role of the main oppositionist will leave, so far, that the seventy-year-old jean-luc melenchon has taken upon himself , becoming third in the presidential election with more than twenty percent of the vote. he was able to accomplish the impossible in the next two months, united the entire left flank in a new political association of new-ps entered from socialists, communists, green environmentalists, and unconquered france together. they

occupy 131 seats the second force after the macron movement, but it is unlikely to remain as such. everyone wants for himself. she is silke, yes, our agreement provided for the creation of groups for all political movements. i am a socialist of course i will join the group of socialists from a political point of view. in this association there is little sense in the formation of a single group. reduce the representativeness of the coalition. in such a case, the main opposition forces. can become a national association. marine le pen which parliamentary elections. led to historic success. a tenfold increase in seats to 89 access to a budget of more than 10 million euros per year the ability to really influence the work of the assembly by obtaining the post of chairman of the commission on finance, that is, control over the economy and budget of the country. on it tilt by a minority president we will protect the country from one party rule. we will become the embodiment of a tough

, responsible opposition that does not allow connivance and, at the same time, treats civil institutions with respect. whoever from the opposition takes this post, it is obvious that large sums to support ukraine and send it there, weapons will be allocated with great creaking, and the right and left flanks are surprisingly united in the fact that the conflict provoked and feeds nato that france does not need to interfere in it, breaking historical ties with russia and from the joint command of the north atlantic alliance it would be nice to have macron already, on the contrary, he built both of his election programs on what needs to be supported, kiev and tightening their belts, now purchases cost more, if before i spent an average of 55 euros on food, now more than 80 our purchasing power has decreased terribly. now i have to buy all products, including baby food. stock the rise in prices for everything that began after covid is not going to stop, although measures to contain the cost of gas, light and fuel will cost the state billions of euros of

inflation this year record-breaking for france and its peak has not yet been passed, addressing the nation, the macron said that parliament will have to adopt an urgent and an important decision to ease the financial time and the return of the french to their former purchasing power. what will be extremely difficult to do, he gave the opposition 48 hours for you to decide what place she is ready to take in the new configurations of the lower house, constructive or destructive, to which she replied that now he would have to play by their rules, and not vice versa anastasia popova la bernadine especially for international review. in all this history , one funny thing is how european politicians have been spoiled with a multi-party system to rule, they have forgotten how to control completely. come on. well, by the way, not alone after advertising, another burning european topic is energy. if you want to find a new apartment, look for it

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this whole discovery. and his on be happy, we also do not fully understand this mechanism. first month for just a ruble until the end of the year my name is alexis i was born in colombia my call sign is spartak

i am from the uk for most of my service. i was in the marine corps of ukraine, i chose to surrender. benjarovic, i am from the republic of serbia, our children fought and defeated nazism had to do it again. fascism nazism must exist nowhere in the world, an international energy agency has warned russia could soon completely cut off europe's gas supply to urgently fill and store. and then in the winter putin will put on his knees. supply through the main pipelines. indeed, they fell, as the russian country assures, for technical reasons, but you yourself understand that in

an economic war, no one believes in technology. and the burning ones will talk with mary belova as director of research for pasture consulting. masha, hi. here is the minister of economics of germany, mr. hubback. uh, the other day said that the supply cuts. e on nord stream one gas supply - this is an attack on germany, that is, already in such formulations, does this mean that we have finally arrived, who is the most gas war that they said? well, if you listen to european politicians, we have been in this gas war for 20 years, yes, uh, and now this is a constant, that the attack is already a new level. well attack. yes, probably there were no such wordings, but i wonder why he didn’t use the same words in early may, when ukraine announced that it was stopping taking russian gas through part

of the gas transportation system through the security guard. that is, it was also a drop in supplies to europe, it is clear that in germany - this practically did not affect, but the situation is in some sense similar in this matter. we do understand. yes, it's not russia that cuts gas supplies. this is a lack of technical capabilities, since some of the units is under repair in canada and canada faithfully follows all the uh, the sanctions trend, the letter of the laws, and so on and so forth, so the equipment cannot be returned. well, that is, here is the scheme that is being built in europe and, let's say, the international energy agency is talking about it. uh, that russia is coolly screwing on the extremes so that by winter there is little gas in europe, and they are malleable. this has nothing to do with reality. well, here, depending on which side of the trench to look at the situation, since we are attacks and stuff, and they think that we

fasten. it seems to me that there is a completely normal evidence base here. i say on the side of gazprom that it acts in full compliance, again with the letter of the law with conditions. well, he cannot increase the overhaul period of operation of the turbine. well, it can’t, because then the purpose of the license will be revoked, and so on, problems will arise, maybe the insurance will end. that is, it will also entail a number of consequences. well, well, er independence of motivation, is it really the situation with gas storage facilities? so bad that they they react so violently that nothing will really happen by winter, in fact, if you look at the trend of filling gas storage, well, by the middle of summer. eh, historically. right now in europe - this is 55%, this is, in principle, above the average level, but we just need to understand that in normal economic business conditions, and everyone

understood that 55. and the usual deliveries in winter and autumn they will continue as usual there at the highs. now there is an understanding that the risks that the situation will be even worse. than now. they quite high, so there is discomfort, and winter will really come and, uh, seasonal gas consumption, and it will grow, as a measure, one of the measures is now everyone has begun to return to coal reserves again. uh, these are emergency emergency responses or recent plans to completely withdraw coal. they will now be pushed back and somewhere in the indefinitely far future. this is an ambiguous answer, because on the one hand yes, the last couple of weeks, it sounds like everything is coal coal. hey, let's start stoking coal. how to be, but really

in fact, everything happened a little earlier, and in april in the month of march, europe presented a plan to reduce dependence on russian energy carriers even before the fifth and sixth sanctions packages there. where did the coal or oil products go? so there, uh, it's kind of spelled out as a continuation of the dicorbanization policy, there, 2 years ago, the eu adopted plans to reduce emissions. e co2 by 55% by the thirtieth year. here they are, so to speak, suggesting, so to speak, to intensify, deepen and expand, increase the share of the species to 35% of the thirtieth year. and it resumes. yes, and it seems like it's all being presented under the flag of greenery, let's decarbonize. at the same time , such a line, er, fit very elegantly into this program, how can we reduce our dependence on russian gas by 40 billion cubic meters if we extend the life of the

coal-fired power plants of nuclear power plants, and also load them to the maximum? that is, what is a reversal here we play. we don't play here. here is the policy of double standards of water actions depending on russia . well, if e goes further, since now, in general, it looks like it will go in a couple of years. russia and the energy european union will disperse what this will mean from the point of view of the energy map of the world, first of all, we are primarily interested in. she will wear something, lord. you can't throw it over oil like that. well, a couple of years. uh, i probably still wouldn’t bet on a couple of years, because even the plan has already been mentioned, uh, it suggests a gas divorce with russia by the twenty- sixth and twenty-seventh year. that is, after all, some element of common sense, but again they achieve this divorce due to the fact that they are four times accelerating the historical pace, and

increasing energy efficiency. in four all previous years it was, as it were, an average of 0.7. now it should become there almost 3% energy efficiency. well, for me, it’s not a very achievable story, plus, uh, build up at a gigantic pace. uh, the construction of an alternative generation, uh, renewable renewable generation, and due to this, a divorce, perhaps in the twenty-sixth year. so. let's think, well let them start building the sun wind, but beyond the brackets always remains that to produce renewable energy. you have to spend non- renewable resources. this is copper nickel male, rarely earth. now, if there is the same demand for them, it will, if they build it, then prices will fly into space, again, the same china is actively implementing its program vii in a more balanced

way, true, but rare earth competition will also arise quite actively. there, over eight percent, china will want to, china will share gas with europe in the way that it does not want to share gas with it now, while our companies are doing quite well manages, uh, to attach. uh, volumes unclaimed by europe, and we see how the demand for our oil is growing. e in china in india well, that is, it turns out such an interesting division of the world, in fact. uh, power source divergence, east-west again. well, there is such a thing. yes, because well, in general, let's be frank, in my opinion, the story of globalization. she's dead now. hmm. well, maybe during covid, so frankly, so now, yes, there will be a hard regenization. moreover, according to the principle of your own alien, that is, that's how it is with us there is the concept of friendly non-friendly countries. well, yes, we sell to our own about strangers, we don’t give the last. then maybe a question. uh, biden travels to the middle

east, uh, there, there are many different topics, but everyone is talking about saudi arabia's oil attitude is now disgusting, but it seems like there are prospects. and what do you think, will the americans be able to shake custody plus? i think not e first, because the relationship is not very, but even politics, leaving out the brackets, a has two very important elements. the first is the twentieth year, when happened pandemic demand for oil, just collapsed at the moment in the month of april. and when all the producers got together, there was opek plus, first of all. they also called to their boat about other manufacturers. america, yes, yes, we will join, we will support, well, they didn’t join, they didn’t help, so to speak, to remove the excess volume from the world. this is the first moment of the second moment. uh, decarbonization policy again. uh, the united states

has also joined this initiative, so to speak, greening up as other countries can, so that's why now. uh, saudi arabia to other members guardianship plus make additional investments, and the ones you will pay back will take 10-15 years, if you see the risk that in 5 years they will tell you, thank you, no need, we are green. no economic sense thank you very much maria belova was with us let's return, finally, to kaliningrad, whose connection with the mainland turned out to be limited by the decision of vilnius, relations between russia and lithuania are worse than ever, the most disturbing commentators. they even remembered the most famous cases of the blockade of the territory, the berlin blockade of west berlin one of the first aggravations of the cold war from june 24 , forty-eighth to may 11, forty-ninth, the

soviet union blocked all land routes of the allies to west berlin, the capital of germany, like the whole country. after the defeat, it was divided into an occupation zone, which was controlled by the winners, part of berlin was under soviet control , but there were three more, where the usa and great britain ordered the last fourth was given to france the west proclaimed a plan for economic assistance to europe or the marshal plan was going to to apply on the territory of occupied germany, the soviet union opposed and to show their disagreement stopped any ground communication with west berlin, the americans hesitated between decisiveness and the roman aggravation of the conflict, as a result, it was decided to supply the city by air. the operation was called the berlin airlift. for almost a year, great britain and the united states supplied 2.5 million people with aircraft and the ussr did not

try to shoot them down or interfere with navigation. the western press tried to present the situation in such a way in such a way that the soviet side doomed the city of many millions to starvation. however, this is not the case, the movement of civilians between the western and eastern sectors was limited only for 5 days, then the population could buy and receive everything necessary in the eastern sector according to established norms using western cards. by the way, they were higher than western ones. in addition, every resident of berlin could register with the soviet card bureaus, and most of the shops were deployed on the border with the western sector of the west. powers. forbidden citizens of west berlin to get food in the eastern sector, the media claimed that everything was necessary. forced through the air, the so-called raisin bombardment became a highlight, the pilots dropped sweets to berlin children on

small home-made parachutes. basically. it was candy and chewing gum. however, of all the delivered goods for food. only 20% of the result of the berlin crisis was a sharp deterioration in public opinion in western countries about the ussr, as well as the division of germany into the frg and the gdr well, let's not escalate the blockade of kaliningrad not yet. and god forbid it won't. it seems that everyone is a little confused by the effect and would like to get away a little, but the conflict itself is a vivid example of how the same phenomenon personifies two opposite phenomena, the russian ex-clave within the eu can be the subject of an ideal partnership in the interests of both parties or a reason for a fierce geopolitical clash on the verge of an incident billy how to approach the choice there is always

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