in the history of our country, the anomalous heat for moscow and the moscow region continues in the coming days, according to weather forecasts, more than 30 ° is expected, on monday the temperature. can reach last year's record when recorded 33.6°. most of all to survive the heat for hotel residents more than 150 so-called room coolness with drinking water and air conditioning utilities . these days, roads are being watered more often and aeration is carried out due to the heat, a yellow danger level has been declared in st. petersburg, doctors are asking to be less in the sun to drink more water by 7 hats and light clothing. and if you feel worse, immediately seek medical help. more further science program, is there enough own seeds in russia? will the traditional borscht set go up in price and how are things going with the agrarians in their own production, my colleague natalya popova will talk about the problems

of the country's food security. russian scientists have deciphered the genome of a virus that can save esr crops from bacterial burns. they are able to reduce the yield by almost half, but as the experiment showed, the detected bacteriophage a virus that infects and destroys bacterial cells is able to resist a dangerous disease; for this, before planting, it is necessary to treat the seeds with a preparation containing this bacteriophage, which will also help ensure food security. countries. see in the program the science of this white-headed, not terrible disease, how russian scientists managed to bring out the most pathogen-resistant variety, the only one in the world. hypotheses of the assumption that for this you need to cross cabbage with horseradish and then it will be bad

cabbage at this stage. we found a way out and transferred this gene-resistance from re. to neutralize , you need to study a pathogenic fungus dangerous for flax. now, as an open book investigated at the level of dna, we assume that it is, a pathogenic chromosome, that is. it contains genes that are responsible for the pathogenicity of this fungus in relation to it, and infected seeds become a barrier. this is specially equipped equipment with e-e direct legionary magnification with specially selected modes for shooting semyon what russian is not likes sauerkraut cabbage soup cabbage is included in the basic vegetable basket and ranks first in terms of planting area harvesting harvesting for winter storage. why cabbage is the most expensive product of the borscht set, it turns out, the

thing is that it is one of the most expensive crops to grow. not only that, it is simply adored by all kinds of pests and pathogenic fungi. so also the seed material. until recently, it was purchased mainly in the eu countries. this is the golden fund of russian seeds. there is no such cabbage, no more who blooms in this greenhouse, the only cabbage in the world with genetic resistance to the three most dangerous diseases, a hybrid was bred by scientists from the timiryazev academy. timiryazevka the leader in the selection of cabbage crops to develop new varieties , scientists use the entire arsenal of methods from classical breeding to innovative biotechnologies, in principle, it looks like an ordinary cabbage. this is what its peculiarity is, the peculiarity is that it contains specific genes that we have transferred from turnips, which are not visible externally until plasmodiaphora will attack. this is the causative agent that causes the keel. well, that is, it is some kind of dangerous

disease, from which the crop dies. this is a soil pathogen that is stored for 15 years and waits for cabbage to grow on this soil and begin to infect the root system. to protect the cabbage, scientists transferred to it the resistance genes of fodder turnips, and then, using dna analysis, they determined the presence of the desired gene in the nuclei of plant cells of interspecific hybrids. after that, to speed up the movement of geda from a new type of plant in another, invitro cell cultures were used, where the plants that we produce in test tubes require a breeder about 10-12 years to get a similar one, and it is here that biotechnology helps to shorten 10-12 years of the life of the breeder's work, making it cheaper and faster. this is very much further than all the material produced in the laboratory, without fail, hybridization, which we saw in the greenhouse , and further field tests without fail.

socrates the monk continues the work of his father and uncle, who manages the breeding station today, one of the main tasks of the scientist is to develop new competitive varieties of vegetable crops. and now the final result that you got, you need to somehow further modify the selection. it is unstoppable and now we are improving resistant genotypes, giving another resistance to furious wilt to vascular bacteriosis to two other e no less harmful diseases. and the most grown vegetable in russia became one of the first candidates for import substitution therefore, such attention is paid to the development of a new direction in the selection of this crop and the creation of a competitive hybrid. it looks

like a pathogenic gryfusarium grown in a petri dish, it really is not dangerous, but as soon as it enters the natural environment, it will be quite difficult for people to predict its actions, and it is completely fatal for plants. and now flax has become endangered despite the fact that it is used not only in the textile industry, and it makes composite materials for the automotive industry. thermal insulation and even used in the production of medicines, the cream penetrates into the plant, begins to multiply, clogs the vessels, and food and soil protrude into the plants through these vessels. and also from the leaves. these are the results of photosynthesis of products, and therefore the plants begin to wither and it turns brown and dies. in order to

prevent infection, it is necessary to study the enemy thoroughly, a st. petersburg scientist, the first in the world to completely decipher the fusarium genome and found out that it contains 14 thousand genes, it was possible to assemble it by chromosome. this is important for pathogen evolution studies. indicated in blue are the conserved portion of the genome. well, that is, those chromosomes that belong to the conservative part, but red is shown in the real part. this twelfth chromosome on it contains the genes responsible for pathogenicity. well, how did we manage to establish anton logachev mycologist the science of fungi , a graduate of the biological faculty of st. mushrooms for scientists dark forest. it's enough actually, a little-studied thing. hmm. we see that fragments of the genome can be transferred from strains, but the process itself. e, in principle, it has been studied rather

poorly, so we will also receive special transformed strains of our fungus, which will, but are able to express. uh, green fluorescent protein. and it will be like a marker. thus, we will understand how horizontal transfer occurs. if you can find out which part of the fungus genome causes flax to die, it can be changed in the future, and the only effective way is to breed resistant varieties to act with chemicals on an infected plant. it is useless, because the flu lives both inside it and in the soil, and its spores can retain their pathogenic properties for up to 50 years. at most, iosifovich, right now , all industries, of course, are focused on import substitution. as i understand it, the agro-industrial complex industry is not bypassed either. what are the points of greatest application of efforts here? not so long ago it was about the launch of the fnp program. here is such a program on the most important strategic

key for us, and crops, e, seeds and genetics, the analysis showed that the order of crops. we are fine. i will give an example for wheat. yes, we provide more than 90% of our seeds with our seeds, 96% even with our domestic seeds, but for a number of crops there is. uh, we have an addiction, well, they will give an example of the same potatoes, even sugar beets. and here we have developed under the program we are already seeing the first results. we are within the framework of the implementation of this scientific program. uh, putting business together like industrial partner science and two ministries . here, uh, work. here is the ministry of education and science and the ministry of agriculture. well, plus our agricultural university has joined forces, when business is not only setting goals, but also participating in the implementation of this program. so it’s clear that they are aiming for a more correct

point result, which they will then use in their work, the program we have orders up to 30 years. that is, in principle, we can say that food security in in the long term, it will be, well, several years, it will be fully provided and protected from imports. yes, we absolutely have no doubts about this, uh, we have, and the same fertilizers have the potential both from the point of view of both science and the earth. here we have doubts. no, russia is self-sufficient in this regard and we can definitely provide it. well, i know that the ministry really pays a lot of attention to genetics and selection, and it is possible to saturate these sub-sectors with the right specialists. we have four. universities that created more consortiums. as a result, about 13 security universities participated there and entered the priority program 20-30. just this program, which is aimed specifically at genetics and population, and there was a serious competition so that a large

number of participants would pass our leading universities with their own developments with specific proposals. that is, we will create not just some kind of product that, well, science has worked out and put on the shelf, but this product, which will continue to be used in real sector. how to understand in a few minutes which seeds are suitable for sowing and which are not st. petersburg scientists have developed an x-ray express test? moreover, this technology is non-destructive control. that is why it became the basis for the new national standard already approved by the guest. valid from january 22 until the moment you press the button on the x-ray machine until the picture appears on the monitor screen - these are seconds. and this, in turn, allows you to establish clear coordination links between the preliminary image of the x-ray seed and the results of germination, because they looked at the meaning of what the picture looked like, how the image looks and make a forecast that in this

batch of seeds there is such and such a number of good ones. here's what the mobile unit looks like. it consists of an x-ray protective camera of the radiation source, a digital image receiver, a positioning device for the object of study, as well as original software that automatically detects and classifies seed defects. these are three varieties of cucumber. here you can see that the top row is of sufficient quality, uniform. light colored projection. here you can see. e on the bottom row, that a separate seven is a defect. here the elements are not implemented in the system and division of the sensitive germ. this is a bad graduate citizens in the university and graduate school. fly scientists solve problems related to methods of testing and analyzing seeds, believing that this is one of the most promising areas at the moment, especially when it comes to

import substitution. i know that we have a huge problem there, namely import dependence seed base. that's how much this method will allow. uh, well, firstly, probably, at the initial stage, to buy better products, and then maybe come to your yes seed base of better quality, of course, as we say, that this word is a dargin barrier for low- quality seeds, uh, that are busy e in russia well, and for domestic producers. this, of course, is also an additional incentive to actually make their products better at the moment, the national standard for x-ray analysis of seeds is valid until 500 plant species. and this base will expand. looks like it's time to say goodbye to old fashioned ways. remember, gardeners' favorite way to check seed quality is to throw seeds into salt water and those that have sunk are suitable for planting, but this is not accurate, thanks to new technologies, breeding has become faster and more accurate and all

seeds will sprout. it was a science program. i'm natalia popova see you. i invite you to our next issue of the author's program isagon tv which will be called the bloody liberty of europe i think you will understand. why is it so called looking forward to our meeting. in the kharkiv region in raisins after the liberation from the national battalions and everything is getting better peaceful life alyona berezovskaya went to the liberated city and saw. how is recovery going on about it right now. flying shells broken windows more and more destruction we

are returning to the city of izyum, kharkov region. there was no downfall of the city. i notice it in some buildings. today we have plans, of course , in the first place. uh, we were invited by the metropolitan elisha is the metropolitan of izyum so that we can show the life and parties of the parishioners. secondly, we plan to communicate with the mayor of the city during this visit. i hope we can do it now, an hour before our arrival, there was another one, as the fighter told the people's militia, lpr, arrival at the city market, fortunately for people, there was no rocket, it didn’t explode here in the army to live with the cooper already brought, or what? well, i didn’t figure it out, i ’ll close, joy, the shower monastery of the pesnic

icon of the mother of god, this miraculous image itself, which orthodox christians revere along with the icons of vladimirskaya kazanskaya is located in the izyum cathedral of the ascension of the lord here. now i'm in a raisin. uh, in the monastery we have planned an interview with the metropolitan, elisha of izyum, we want to talk with him about the situation with the church environment. and in general about how the izyum diocese lives. it was at this difficult time that the church in honor of the pesnic icon of the mother of god was consecrated in october 2014 by a representative of the ukrainian orthodox church of the moscow patriarchate and metropolitan onufry, then the donbass was already in full swing and the headquarters of the so- called ato was located in the raisins.