russia and become internal to the alliance, by definition, it cannot, no matter how politicians dream about it. the announcement of the persona nongrade of the employee of the russian embassy in podgorica is another episode unleashed with the west by a hybrid company against russia moscow reserves the right to retaliate , this is stated in the comments of the official representative of the russian ministry of foreign affairs on the website of the department , according to zakharova, such a decision is not a desire and not an ability authorities. montenegro to move away from the common destructive line to the detriment of the international security cooperation and the actual national interest. leningrad did not meet a single train, since this was the first train from the mainland after the blockade was broken. for the survivors, it was a

real miracle after 17 months of a blockade nightmare , life returned to the city, the long-awaited composition was also met by one of the creators of this miracle. here he salutes on the podium. this is ivan georgievich zubkov, head of the military restoration work of the leningrad front. these shots were the first and last in his life.

in the summer of 1944, leningrad newspapers published tragic news on june 28, on the approach to the field near leningrad, the plane crashed, in which the hero of socialist labor ivan georgievich zubkov was flying. he was supposed to inspect the destroyed bridge on the river. according to the recollections of relatives on the eve of the tragedy, zubkov was not going to fly anywhere, the destroyed bridge was to be examined by his employees. but at night , the people's commissar of ways of communication kaganovich called ivan georgievich and categorically demanded that zubkov flew himself on the morning of june 28, ivan georgievich

flew out of leningrad on a plane sent by the commander of the karelian front. meretskov , when only a few hundred meters remained to the airfield, the plane suddenly lost control and crashed into the ground along with the zubkov, his deutant and the entire crew died. thousands of leningraders came to say goodbye to ivan georgievich, the coffin was mounted on a carriage and brought along the blocked nevsky prospekt to alexander nevsky lavra for the blockade zubkov was a real legend then the boys were still letting me in and stopped your pass. i say, i'm georgy zubkov. i came to the

funeral. ivan georgievich i was saluted right away and then i really realized who he was. in the winter of 1943, under the leadership of zubkov, in just 17 days, a railway was built that connected leningrad with the mainland. thanks to this, the city was able to wrest from the grip of hunger. in the spring of the same year, the food rations of leningraders were finally raised to the all-union level. 10 tens of thousands came out to see him off, but all three were clogged nevsky prospekt 200 vinks, if ahead

and not everyone on the street the general director of the path and construction, but everyone understood that the actions of his teams, each major action, it increased. the norm of bread, and then i suddenly heard such words in the crowd, our savior would be. ivan georgievich zubkov was buried on the territory of the alexander nevsky lavra for everyone who loves and knows the history of our country. this place is special, since the 18th century such prominent people of russia as lomonosov karamzin glinka tchaikovsky mussorgsky suvorov dostoevsky and many others. in 1724,

peter i brought here the relics of one of the most revered saints of the russian orthodox church, the legendary prince alexander nevsky, today they are in the trinity cathedral. interestingly, in soviet times, in one of the microfields, the laurels were buried and the famous soviet artist nikolai cherkasov, who created the textbook image of alexandra nevsky in the brilliant film sergei eisenstein in the summer of 1944, found near the trinity cathedral the last rest and ivan georgievich zubkov he did not live to see his 40th birthday. just a month before the war, by education, a railroad engineer, zubkov built the moscow and leningrad metros. at the age of 37, he

was already appointed head of the military reconstruction work of the entire leningrad front. at the age of 39, ivan georgievich became one of the first whom stalin awarded during the war the title of hero of socialist labor, he was awarded the title of general director of track and construction, second rank, which corresponded to a military rank lieutenant general. after that, many have already predicted for him the post of all-union people's commissar of railways. but an unexpected plane crash ended his life. at the very takeoff. his whole being made him give himself to what he was doing, i can say that he was a very cheerful person, and at the same time i

can say that he was a tough person even towards me. in 1941, leningrad was the second largest city in the soviet union. at that time , about 3.5 million people lived in it. hitler planned to capture the northern capital of russia in for six maximum 8 weeks. turkish citizens making any claims against the soviet union was at the same time. attacking our country

in many places on our borders on september 4, 1941 , the germans fired on the city for the first time from long-range artillery. two days later, nazi aircraft made the first massive raid on leningrad, dropping more than 6.5 thousand.

on september 8, 1941, the germans reached the source of the neva at lake ladoga and, having captured the selburg, completely blocked leningrad by land, so the most terrible in the history of the blockade of a multi-million city, which lasted 872 days in mid- september advanced units. the wehrmacht were already only 16 km from palace square and the winter palace on 29 september. they received an order to begin the systematic destruction of leningrad with the help of aviation and artillery.

the fate prepared for leningrad by adolf hitler was monstrous complete destruction of the city along with all its inhabitants no other options were provided. from the directive of the headquarters of the german naval forces on the destruction leningrad berlin on september 29, 1941, the future of the city of st. petersburg, the fuhrer decided to erase the city of st. petersburg from the face of the earth. after the defeat of soviet

russia, the continued existence of this largest settlement is of no interest. finland similarly declared its disinterest in the existence of this city directly at its new borders. it is supposed to surround the city with a tight ring and, by shelling from artillery of all calibers and continuous bombing from the air, raze it to the ground. 5 months before during the war, ivan zubkov was appointed head of the construction of the leningrad metro, everyone who managed to work with him spoke of him as an engineer from god. ivan zubkov was born in the city of essentuki on july 26

, 1904; father's footsteps. in 1930 he graduated from kharkov polytechnic institute, and in 1933 came to moscow to take part in the construction of the metropolitan metro. here, for the first time, his outstanding organizational skills and

creative approach to any business were manifested. in just a year, the 29-year-old zubkov went from shift supervisor to head of shakhta in 1940, and he was also awarded the first medal for labor prowess. in leningrad, under his leadership, just a few months before the war , 15 mines were laid on the site of future stations and almost 700 meters long were laid. the higher authorities greatly appreciated the talented engineer and had to reckon with his extremely independent cossack disposition. he treated everyone equally with some element of service. you know, to crap someone, he

didn’t even mention it at all, among other things, he got a difficult time, because there were all sorts of party cadast processes in particular and his wife was arrested by the cadast. the father immediately took the girl. nadia to our apartment is not in the same house. and when they came to him with a demand. will the girl he told them no. i did not give this girl away, whatever you did. you see, not everyone can be chekists at all and speak as party leaders. how did you do it often?

on the sixth day of the war on june 27, 1941, the military council of the northwestern front decided to stop the construction of the leningrad metro, and flood all the mines. after that, zubkov asked the command to send him to the front at the same time. he offered the country's leadership to keep the most valuable cadres of mechanical engineers who worked with him. and prokhodchikov the question arose: when the war began, such a team could no longer be assembled and the father wrote to stalin with a request not to draft these people into the army, but the entire team. it is natural to make wars obligatory, but to give him the order of the bengal front. and grada everyone says it. listen, this is your paper. only for cream will come.

although they will immediately shoot when a prostitute. you understand what you are asking for. do not draft in the army, but my father says what to do, but i can’t do without them , oddly enough, it will seem, but stalin wrote a letter to his father agrees by special order. metro builders were mobilized for the construction of defensive structures around leningrad in just a day. zubkov formed 10 construction battalions, which began to build dugouts for pillboxes and anti-tank ditches under the moon at the pulkovo heights and on the karelian isthmus later under the leadership. zubkov, access and slipways will be built in the area of ​​​​lake ladoga. to ensure the leningrad front, everyone needs it.

having failed to take leningrad immediately, the germans went over to his planned destruction. on november 13, 1941, the city began to distribute bread according to the new norms of 300 g for a worker and 150 g for dependent children. due to the lack of flour in the loaf, 25% cellulose was added. on november 17 and 18, heating electricity was cut off in the houses, hot water was gone, the sewage system stopped working. the

only chance to save the city from complete extinction was the speedy breakthrough of the blockade. in the autumn of 1941, soviet troops tried several times to break through the blockade ring in the neva dubrovka area in september after fierce fighting on the left bank we managed to capture a small foothold on the neva river , a little over 2 km wide and 500-600 m deep. it will go down in history under the name of nevsky piglet. three shock

communist regiments reinforced with tanks. but then a question arose. how to transport several dozen multi-ton vehicles through it, which the germans shot through from all sides, the command decided to entrust this super difficult task to ivan zubkov and in november he was appointed head of the tank crossing. german the generals tried at all costs to liquidate our foothold on the eastern bank of the neva according to historians, the nazis daily brought down up to 50,000 shells, mines and air bonds on a small strip of land.

reinforcements could be transferred to piglet only at night. choosing a place for a tank crossing, zubkov came under fire and was wounded in the leg, refusing to be hospitalized. he continued to work, leaning on a stick. he spent the first day, in one of the pits, the explosion of a bomb, in order to to determine how shelling is being carried out, was wounded, was shell-shocked, but did not leave and only reported. you can one glass one glass of tea meant one tank every night zubkov reported to the leadership of the city's defense, and seven eight broken glasses of tea. this

meant that seven or eight tanks had already been transferred to nevsky piglet on november 30, 1941 . the last tank was successfully transported through it . ivan georgievich was awarded for this operation. martial order of red signs and every soul of a bird i don't know. will come for you.

lord, the family and the blood-maker with us the reason is stronger, hold.

according to various sources , from 5 to 85 thousand of our soldiers from all over the soviet union died during the battles on the nevsky piglet. the blockade of leningrad was broken only at the beginning of 1943. moscow is saying the last hour the other day our troops

located south of lake ladoga went on the offensive against the nazi troops blockading the city of leningrad for a long time fortified along the enemy’s nose up to 14 km deep and crossing the newar river, the troops of the volkov and leningrad fronts of january 18 connected and thus, they broke through the blockade of leningrad ; the width of the corridor pierced by our troops along the

southern shore of lake ladoga was from 8 to 11 km; had no analogues in world history in the front line under shelling and bombing, in severe frosts it was necessary to build 30 km of railway track and three bridges and this had to be done in just 20 days. how to build a railway bridge in the same time? it was not at all clear through it, but our

brilliant engineers, led by zubkov, found a non-standard solution to build one high-water bridge in accordance with all the rules of engineering art, and next to quickly build another low-water bridge, which was supposed to be laid directly on the ice. it was decided to build a low-water bridge here. at the source of the neva opposite the fortress is a nutlet. in this regard, ivan zubkov, his subordinates had to solve many complex technical problems, width. not you are in the shlisselburg area more than 1 km, and the depth reaches 6 1/2 m, huge masses of water flowing from lake ladoga. it moves here at a speed of 2 m/s. in addition, there was a large difference in height between the right and left banks, despite

this, the low-water bridge was built in just 12 days and already on february 2, 1943. the first train with building materials passed along it. under military standards, it was supposed to drive 20 piles per shift; here they drove 885 piles per day. 5 thousand people worked day and night to speed up help leningrad. due to the lack of men, many types of hard work were performed by women and teenagers.

several thousand leningraders took part in logging on our road. mostly they were teenagers. and basically, for some reason, girls with heavy rations, they worked 16-17 sometimes hours a day. they themselves, uh, skidding hook - this is a log. well, not only cut it down, but with a hook saw, uh, deliver it to the car. they loaded it themselves. here they themselves did all the logging work through these holes of peter fortress in the museum. today you can see the remains of its low-water bridge, which were raised from the bottom after the war were different. and what would be central, in order to increase the stability of the entire structure against strong currents, the bridge was built in the form of an arc. this is good, it can be seen in the picture taken from a german reconnaissance aircraft. the wehrmacht command ordered to

destroy our strategic crossing at all costs during construction, shelling went on every day and not even once every day 10 dead 13 15 wounded, dead 12 wounded, they shot very quickly, because they knew this area very well, being up to a year and a half on the other side of the niva . wagons were hundreds of tons of butter. railway, shlisselburg glades 33 km long were built in just 17 days. on february 7 at 10:09 a.m., the long-awaited train arrived

at the finland station. in the russian for the first time, we managed to find the full version of the filming made on this historic day in the state archive of film and photo documents. it was then that ivan zubkov for the first and last time in his life got into the lens of a movie camera. spinning the heroic city of lenin from the railwaymen of volkhov, 2 and the workers of the city of volkhov, larina friendly greetings comrade leningrad, the heroic red army broke through the lawyers of leningrad, builders,

the liberated land was laid a railway track. and volkovsky railroad got you today is the first big earth on the same day, leningraders sent a composition of construction castings to the mainland. the inhabitants of the city will call the new path the road of victory for them, it will become a real salvation from the moment this road appears, the blockade bread norms will be significantly increased, and on february 22, 1943, the striker of leningraders will finally be leveled with moscow. by the summer of forty-three years, many residents of besieged

leningrad recalled that even such cards appeared, which were amazing, for example, cards for meat cards for fish for some canned food. that is, what is in the city. well, it wasn’t or you could get it only by selling something from your personal property there. eh, or through some kind of connection, let's say. after the war, the first train that came from leningrad to the mainland will be installed at the station of peter-fortress of the oktyabrskaya railway for drivers and crews working on the pobeda road, each flight could be the last due to continuous enemy shelling and bombing , the movement of trains was carried out only at night . the roads of the glade shlisselburg passed only

a few kilometers from the front line in some areas, the german positions were only 4-6 km from the railway track. the nazi team seemed to be trying at all costs to stop the movement of trains along the pobeda road; the germans daily fired at it from guns, often bombed it from the air, causing a total of about 1200 various damages. soon they had to build a second branch, which was located a little further. here are the front lines, but before that, in march 1943, there were two terrible tragedies due to a hit german shells, two of our echelons with ammunition were completely destroyed. of the 600 railway workers of a special 48 locomotive column

driving trains along the victory road, was every third person killed or wounded? therefore, the machinists called the new path the corridor of death. german bombs and shells almost every day put out of action part of the railway track, and each time the repair crews restored it literally in a matter of hours. often at the cost of one's own life despite heavy shelling thanks to courage and the self-sacrifice of the employees of the oktyabrskaya railway managed to pass 25 trains in one direction in a day. the central museum of railway transport of russia owns one of the most valuable collections of rolling stock in europe. you can see it

at lebyazhye station, 70 km from st. petersburg. 67 samples of railway equipment from different countries, from the russian empire and the soviet union to the united states of america and western europe, are exhibited here at the museum’s fund site, including several steam locomotives who worked on the fronts of the great patriotic war, including the legendary steam locomotives of the series, e, which delivered goods to leningrad along the victory road. during the war, most of the cargo was transferred to the steam locomotives of syria e. released for the first time in 1912, this steam locomotive worked flawlessly on our railways for more than half a century. a feature of this steam locomotive was the fact that it

was unpretentious in fuel; it was possible to heat it with literally all fuel oil, firewood, coal, peat at the beginning of the war the coal basin fell into the hands of the enemy, and , accordingly, the quality of coal fell sharply and the entrance in the first place was peat and firewood. something that was in abundance within leningrad of the leningrad region. one locomotive brigade of the 48th special locomotive column consisted of 13 people, the steering of the semaphores was carried out by girls with lanterns at night. they stood along the track and showed the drivers. can the squad move on? the main danger for the trains was milked by open areas of the terrain, which the germans fired on, especially intensively, in order to to deceive the enemy, the railroad workers came up with

a skillful trick. what it consisted of from the polyana station to 30 km from it, the road passed through a dense forest during this period, the drivers accelerated their trains at high speed, leaving the five floor 30 km, and the drivers closed the gearbox and walked for several minutes already by inertia, the risk was colossal because. overheated, the boiler could explode at any moment, but there was no other way out for the machinists. they again picked up the speed of their trains and thus moved away from enemy. to make it difficult for the germans to fire on our trains, a bypass was built near the main road, which was further from the front line, on march 19, 1943, and the

high-water bridge finally started working. but the military immediately feared that the nearby low-water crossing would be demolished due to the spring ice drift and damage the pillars of the main bridge. the high-water bridge was located just downstream of the neva, only half a kilometer from the low-water one, when in march forty- third they went over it. the first military trains council of the leningrad front, demanded that the old crossing be immediately dismantled, but zubkov categorically refused to carry out this order. he offered to keep the first bridge as a reserve and announced that he was taking full responsibility on march 25, 1943, it became clear to everyone that zubkov was real. seer. on this day, as a result of massive german shelling, one of the main pillars of

the high-water bridge and two twenty-three-liter farms were completely destroyed. the bridge was restored only after 2 weeks, but thanks to zubkov, the movement of trains across the neva did not stop for a single day. so hundreds of thousands of leningraders who survived the first blockade winter were saved from the horrors of the new year. the piskarevsky memorial cemetery is probably one of the most visible and terrible symbols of the leningrad

tragedy. here, in huge mass graves, hundreds of thousands of besieged martyrs and tens of thousands of soldiers of the leningrad front are buried. there are about half a million people in total. the first blockade winter became a real hell for the city since mid-february in 1942, from 5 to 10,000 corpses were brought here to the piskarevsky cemetery daily, according to the recollections of eyewitnesses, the funeral team did not have time to dig trenches. frozen bodies often had to be stacked in piles from 2 m in height to 200 m in length. the dispute over how many human lives the blockade claimed in total continues to this day. during the nuremberg tribunal for nazi war criminals, the soviet side stated that the nazi blockade claimed the lives of 632,000

leningraders who died of starvation. but since at that time, the concept of genocide by starvation did not yet exist in international law; foreign judges did not recognize the blockade of leningrad as a war crime of the wehrmacht. figure will be recognized only during restructuring. for many years, employees of the oktyabrskaya railway have been

holding a historical the reconstruction dedicated to the arrival of the first train after breaking the blockade of leningrad, the driver vadim leonidovich gukov studied with those who drove the trains along the victory road. this iron cone and a sledgehammer plugged it up with a few blows and the leak was eliminated. well, in order to get in there, it was necessary, and to throw raw, coal, a large firebox of your own and assistant driver, put on a hat with earflaps , triple mittens, boots, they say, when he got out he had to cut it, because the skin was already removed from the nails, at a risk, of course, for

life, but colleagues could always pull you out of the pile, because that a rope was tied to the train. so that you can be pulled out in case you lose consciousness there. over the course of a little over a year , thousands of trains passed along the victory road, delivering more than 4 million tons of cargo to leningrad. on november 5, 1943, the brilliant russian engineer ivan georgievich zubkov was awarded the title of hero of socialist labor for outstanding achievements in providing transportation for the front and the national economy. the world that we were going to build could not be built without korchagin's folder, that period could not be won, it was impossible to stand without people like father. even this

generation. that's exactly what it is for me. now, if those were real romantics, then these defenders.

dear friends, dear viewers of the russia 24 channel, i am pleased to invite you to repeat our author's tv program. i hope you will

happy to meet again. we asked the military to leave our tanks to remove the impression that we fought i don’t know with whom from the hospital. that's for sure. this is a murdered child of the dead through the stomach, ukrainian equipment, really stands among residential buildings. the men came out and asked to leave here so that they would not fire, they said, we are waiting for the order of the authorities. somehow squeeze out.

the main thing is that the children are alive. i want the silence that we have lived. i do not wish anyone on the planet to ever know and experience this. this side of him. max came here first. it is his was the element. he was asam in it. maxim was a real warrior, a professional ready to sacrifice himself for his comrade. handing the maroon beret of the wife of the hero of the russian federation to lieutenant koltsov it cannot be said that

he died in vain, he died defending our comrades life and death for the happiness of the motherland.

and the village of sands, where one of the most powerful fortified areas of the armed forces of ukraine was located and from where ukrainian militants constantly shelled donetsk, was completely liberated that this pension point was taken under the control of the allied forces, the ministry of defense reported and also told how the offensive is progressing in the area of ​​solidar and artyomovsk, new data.