some political hustlers created security risks and promoted bilingualism, it 's time to reconsider this failed and dangerous policy. in the netherlands, farmers fired hay at police as demonstrators expressed their dissatisfaction with the tightening of environmental regulations that make their work unprofitable new laws. in particular, it is prescribed to drastically reduce emissions. oxides, nitrogen. simply put, to reduce the use of efficient fertilizers , the situation is exacerbated by abnormal drought and the energy crisis, the demonstrators say that will not pay out of their own pocket for the short-sighted actions of the authorities. in uzbekistan, within the framework of the international army games, russian cynologists completed preparations for the competition a true friend, our fighters held the final training. the tournament itself. opens on august 16, the team will reach the first stage in a day. after that, over the past week, the military worked out the overcoming of the obstacle course along with dogs and other elements. future assignments of sports exercises have improved endurance. this is especially important given the heat

competition. we've already gone through obedience training. ah, the obstacle course, it is also right there, as well as, uh, the dock, the biathlon track was studied, we shot with rifles in hope. uh, only the best result for success. i hope the fight will be fair uh win the strongest. now a short advertisement after watching the documentary film ivan zubkov, the savior of leningrad, about an engineer who, in 17 days, was able to build a railway track that saved the besieged city, do not switch. installment 24 months halva, still weighs nothing to you. everything is also zero there is no interest on delay and maintenance fees either, halva weightless installment is a significant advantage. so that the taste of our steaks is, thus

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leningrad did not meet a single train, since this was the first train from the mainland after the blockade was broken. for the survivors, it was a real miracle after 17 months of a blockade nightmare, life returned to the city, the long-awaited staff met and one of the creators of this miracle saluted on the podium. this is ivan georgievich zubkov, the head management of the military restoration work of the leningrad front. these shots were the first and

last in his life. in the summer of 1944, the leningrad newspapers published the tragic news on june 28, on the approach to the field near leningrad, the plane crashed, in which the hero of socialist labor ivan

georgievich flew. , zubkov was not going to fly anywhere, the destroyed bridge should were inspected by his staff. but at night, ivan georgievich was called by the commissar of ways of communication kaganovich and in a categorical form demanded that zubkov fly himself on the morning of june 28, ivan georgievich flew out of leningrad on a plane sent by the commander of the karelian front. meretskov , when only a few hundred meters were left to the airfield, the plane suddenly lost control and crashed into the ground. together with zubkov, his adjutant died, and

thousands of leningraders came to say goodbye to ivan georgievich. coffin mounted on a carriage brought along the blocked nevsky prospekt to the alexander nevsky lavra for the blockade zubkov was a real legend stopped your pass. i say, i'm georgy zubkov. i came to my father's funeral. ivan georgievich saluted me, and then you really didn’t get the realization of who he was. in the winter of 1943, under the leadership of zubkov, in just 17 days, a railway was built that connected leningrad with

the mainland. thanks to this, the city was able to wrest from the grip of hunger. in the spring of that year the food rations of leningraders were finally raised to the all-union level of 109,000, but all the sidewalks were clogged with 200 wines on nevsky prospekt, if in front and not everyone knew the face of the general director of the path and construction, but everyone understood that the actions of his teams, each major action, it increased . the norm of bread, and then i suddenly heard such words in the crowd,

our savior would be. ivan georgievich zubkov was buried on the territory of the alexander nevsky lavra for everyone who loves and knows the history of our country. this place special, since the 18th century , such prominent people of russia as lomonosov karamzin glinka tchaikovsky mussorgsky suvorov dostoevsky and many others were buried in the necropolises and tombs of the lavra. in 1724, peter i brought here the relics of one of the most revered saints of the russian orthodox church, the legendary prince alexander nevsky, today they are in the trinity cathedral. interestingly, in soviet times, in one of the microfields, the laurels, the famous soviet artist nikolai cherkasov, who created the

textbook image of alexandra nevsky , was also buried genius film by sergeisenstein. in the summer of 1944 , next to the trinity cathedral, he found his last rest and ivan georgievich zubkov did not live to see his 40th birthday. just a month before the war, by education, a railroad engineer, zubkov built the moscow and leningrad metros. 37 years old, he had already been appointed head of the military reconstruction work of the entire leningrad front. at the age of 39, ivan georgievich became one of the first whom stalin awarded during the war the title of hero of socialist labor, was awarded the title of general director of the path and construction, second rank, which

corresponded to the military rank of lieutenant general. after that, many have already predicted for him the post of all-union people's commissar of railways. but an unexpected plane crash ended his life. at the very takeoff. his whole being made him give himself to what he was doing, i can say that he was a very cheerful person, but at the same time i can say that he was a tough person even towards me in 1941 leningrad was the second largest city in the soviet union on that moment about three and a half million people lived in it. hitler planned to capture the northern

capital of russia within six, maximum 8 weeks. citizens of the soviet union making any claims against the soviet union was simultaneously on our country, our borders in many places september 4 , 1941, the germans first shelled the city from long-range artillery. two days later,

nazi aviation made the first massive raid on leningrad, dropping more than 6.5 thousand. on september 8, 1941, the germans reached the source of the neva at lake ladoga and the captured selburg completely blocked leningrad by land, so the most terrible blockade in the history of the multi-million city began, which lasted 872 days by mid- september advanced units. the wehrmacht were already only 16 km from palace square and the winter palace on 29

september. they received an order to begin the systematic destruction of leningrad with the help of aviation and artillery. prepared by leningrad, adolf hitler was monstrous complete destruction of the city, along with all its inhabitants. no other options was not provided. from the directive of the headquarters

of the german naval forces on the destruction of leningrad berlin september 29, 1941 the future of the city of st. petersburg after the defeat of soviet russia , the continued existence of this largest settlement is of no interest. finland similarly declared its disinterest in the existence of this city directly at its new borders. it is supposed to surround the city with a tight ring and by shelling from

artillery of all calibers and continuous bombing from air to level it with the ground. 5 months before the war, ivan zubkov was appointed head of the construction of the leningrad metro, everyone who managed to work with him spoke of him as an engineer from god. ivan zubkov was born in the city of essentuki on july 26

, 1904; father's footsteps. in 1930 he graduated from the kharkov polytechnic institute, and in 1933 he came to moscow to take part in the construction of the metropolitan metro. here, for the first time, his outstanding organizational skills and creative approach to anyone were manifested. in just a year, the 29-year-old zubkov went from shift supervisor to head of shakhta in 1940, and he was also awarded the first award with a medal for a labor house. in leningrad, under his leadership, just a few months before the war, on the site of future stations were

15 mines were laid and almost 700 m tons were laid. the higher authorities greatly appreciated the talented engineer and had to reckon with his extremely independent cossack disposition. he treated everyone equally with some element of service. you know, to crap someone of this, in general, there was not even a trace of it, among other things, he got a difficult time, because there were all sorts of party cadast processes, in particular, and his wife was arrested by the cadast. the father immediately took the girl. nadia to our apartment not in one home. and when they came to him with a demand. would be

a girl to them he said no. i didn’t give this girl away, so that you don’t understand, it’s not everyone who can be chekists at all and speak as a party leader. on the sixth day of the war, june 27 , 1941, the military council of the northwestern front decided to stop the construction of the leningrad metro, and flood all the mines. after that, zubkov asked the command to send him to the front at the same time. he suggested that the country's leadership retain the most valuable personnel who worked with

him mechanical engineers. and prokhodchikov the question arose: when the war began, such a team could no longer be assembled and the father wrote to stalin with a request not to draft these people into the army, but the entire team. naturally, he made double duty, but to provide it at the disposal of the leningrad front. and grada everyone says it. listen, this is your paper. will reach although they will immediately shoot you when you understand what you are asking for. do not draft in the army, but my father says what to do, but i can’t do without them , oddly enough, it will seem, but stalin wrote a letter to his father agrees by special order. metro builders were mobilized for the construction of

defensive structures around leningrad in just a day, zubkov formed 10 construction battalions, which began to build dugouts for pillboxes and anti-tank ditches in the pulkovo heights and on the karelian isthmus later under the leadership. zubkov, access and slipways will be built in the area of ​​​​lake ladoga. to ensure the leningrad front, everyone needs it. having failed to take leningrad immediately, the germans went over to his planned destruction. on november 13, 1941, the city began to give out bread

according to the new norms of 300 g for a worker and 150 g for dependent children, due to a lack of flour in bukhanka, 25 percent was added. on november 17 and 18, the electricity was cut off in the houses; the heating was gone; the hot water was gone; the sewage system stopped working. the only chance to save the city from complete extinction was to break through the blockade as soon as possible. in the autumn of 1941, soviet troops tried several times to break through

the blockade ring in the nevsky dubrovka area in september after fierce fighting on the left bank we managed to capture a small foothold on the neva river , a little over 2 km wide and 500-600 m deep. it will go down in history under the name of nevsky piglet. three shock communist regiments reinforced with tanks. but then a question arose. how to transport several dozen multi-ton vehicles through it, which the germans shot through from all sides, the command decided to entrust this super-difficult task ivan zubkov, and in november he was appointed head of the tank crossing. german the generals

tried at any cost to liquidate our foothold on the east bank of the neva. according to historians, the nazis daily rained down up to 50,000 shells, mines and air bonds on a small strip of land. reinforcements could be transferred to piglet only at night. choosing a place for a tank crossing, zubkov came under fire and was wounded in the leg, refusing to be hospitalized. he continued to work, leaning on a stick. he sat out the first a day in one of the pits from a bomb explosion and in order to

determine how the shelling was being carried out, he was wounded, he was shell-shocked, but did not leave and only reported. you can one glass one glass of tea meant one tank every night zubkov reported to the leadership of the defense of the cities broken glasses of tea. this meant that seven or eight tanks had already been transferred to nevsky piglet on november 30, 1941. the last tank was successfully transported through it. ivan georgievich was awarded for this operation. and in them the order of the red banner

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according to various sources , from 5 to 85 thousand of our soldiers from all over the soviet union died during the battles on the nevsky piglet. the blockade of leningrad was broken only at the beginning of 1943.

the last hour the other day our troops located in the south of lake ladoga went on the offensive against the nazi troops blockading the city of leningrad for a long time fortified along the bow the enemy to a depth of 14 km and crossing the newar river, the troops of the volkovsky and leningrad fronts united on january 18 and

thereby broke through the blockade of leningrad. start the construction of the railway in order to finally rid leningrad of the siege of torment, the task assigned to zubkov and his team had no analogues in the world history of the front line under shelling and bombing, in severe frosts. it was necessary to build 30 km of railway track and three bridges

and it had to be done in just 20 days. how to build a railway bridge in the same time? it was generally incomprehensible across the neva, but our brilliant engineers, led by zubkov, found a non-standard solution to build one high-water bridge in accordance with all the rules of engineering art, and next to it quickly build another low-water bridge, which was supposed to be laid directly on the ice. it was decided to build a low-water bridge here. at the source of the neva opposite the fortress oreshek. in this regard, ivan zubkov, his subordinates had to solve many complex technical problems, width. you are not in the area of ​​shlisselburg more than 1 km, and the depth

reaches 6 1/2 m, huge masses of water flowing from lake ladoga. it moves here at a speed of 2 m/s. in addition, there was a large difference in height between the right and left banks, despite this, the low-water bridge was built in just 12 days and already on february 2, 1943. the first train with building materials passed along it. under military standards, it was supposed to drive 20 piles per shift; 5,000

people hammered 885 piles per day. we worked day and night to help leningrad more quickly. due to the lack of men, many types of hard work were performed by women and teenagers. several thousand leningraders took part in logging on our road. mostly they were teenagers. and basically, for some reason, girls with heavy rations, they worked 16-18 sometimes hours a day. they themselves, uh, skidding hook - this is a log. well, not only to cut down, but with a saw hook e to deliver it to the car. they loaded it themselves. here they themselves did all the logging work through these holes at the petra fortress station in the museum. today you can see the remains of its low-water bridge, which were raised from the bottom after the war, were different

and in order to increase the stability of the entire structure against strong currents, the bridge was built in the form of an arc. this is good, it can be seen in the picture taken from a german reconnaissance aircraft. command of the wehrmacht ordered by all means began to destroy our strategic crossing during construction, shelling went on every day and not even once every day 10 dead 13 wounded 15 dead in 12 wounded they shot very quickly, because they knew this area very well, being up to a year and a half on the other side neva on february 6, 1943, zubkov reported to the people's commissar of communications that the first train with food for leningrad left the volkhov system, hundreds of tons

of butter were in its wagons railway, shlisselburg glades 33 km long were built in just 17 days. on february 7 at 10:09 a.m., the long-awaited train arrived at the finland station. for the first time, we managed to find the full version of the filming made on this historic day in the russian state archive of film and photo documents . spinning of the heroic city of lenin from the railwaymen of volkhov, 2

and the workers of the city of volkov larina friendly greetings comrade leningrad heroic red army fighters-builders broke through the lawyers of leningrad, the liberated land was laid out by the railway . and volkovsky railroad workers today got you the first mainland. on the same day, leningraders sent a composition of construction castings to the mainland. the inhabitants of the city will call the new path the road of victory for them, it will become a real salvation from the moment this road appears, the blockade bread norms will be significantly

increased, and on february 22, 1943, the striker of leningraders will finally be equalized with moscow. by the summer of the forty-third year, many residents of the besieged in leningrad, i remember that there were even such cards that were not surprising, for example, cards for meat cards for fish for some canned food. that is, what is in the city. well, it was not or could be obtained. uh, only selling some of his personal property there. eh, or through some kind of connection, let's say. after the war, the first train that came from leningrad to the mainland will be installed at the station of the peter-fortress of the october railway for drivers and crews working on the pobeda road, each flight could become the latter, due to continuous enemy shelling and

bombing, the movement of trains was carried out only at night. the first webka railway field, found the city of lisselburg, passed just a few kilometers from the front line; in some sections, the german positions were only 4-6 km from the railway track. the nazi team seemed to be trying at all costs to stop the movement of trains along the victory road; the germans daily fired at it from guns, often bombed it from the air, causing a total of about 1200 different damage. soon we had to build a second branch, which was located a little further from the front line, but before that, in march 1943, two terrible tragedies occurred due to german shells hit, two of our

echelons with ammunition were completely destroyed. of the 600 railway workers of a special 48 locomotive column driving trains along the victory road, was every third person killed or wounded? therefore, the machinists called the new path the corridors of death. german bombs and shells almost every day disabled part of the railway track. and each time, repair teams restored it literally in a matter of hours. often at the cost of their own lives, despite fierce shelling, thanks to the courage and self-sacrifice

of the employees of the oktyabrskaya railway, it was possible to pass 25 trains of russian railway transport in one day in one direction. petersburg. 67 samples of the railway equipment from different countries and eras from the russian empire and the soviet union to the united states of america and western europe, among them are several steam locomotives that worked on the fronts of the great patriotic war, including the legendary steam locomotives of the series, e, which delivered goods to leningrad along the victory road. during the war, a large part of the cargo was transported on steam locomotives in series. e. released

for the first time in 1912, this steam locomotive worked flawlessly on our railways for more than half a century. the peculiarity of this steam locomotive was that it was unpretentious in fuel, it was possible to drown it literally with all fuel oil, firewood, coal, peat at the beginning of the war, a situation developed when the donetsk coal basin fell into the hands of the enemy, and , accordingly, the quality of coal dropped sharply and the input in the first place was peat and firewood. something that was in abundance within leningrad of the leningrad region. one locomotive brigade 48 of a special locomotive column consisted of 13 people, the steering of the semaphores was performed by girls with lanterns at night. they stood along the track and showed the drivers. maybe

does the line-up move on? the main danger for trains is yes or open areas of the terrain that the germans shelled, especially intensively, in order to deceive the enemy, the railroad workers came up with a skillful trick. what it consisted of: polyana station up to 30 km from it, the road passed through a dense forest during this period, the drivers accelerated their trains at high speed, leaving the five floor for 30 km, and the drivers closed the gearbox and walked by inertia for several minutes, the risk was enormous because the. overheated, the boiler could explode at any moment, but there was no other way out for the machinists. they again picked up the speed of their trains and thus left the enemy. in order to make it difficult for the germans to fire on our trains

, a bypass was built near the main road, which was further from the front line, on march 19, 1943, and the high-water bridge finally began to work. but the military immediately feared that the nearby low-water crossing would be demolished due to the spring ice drift and damage the pillars of the main bridge. the high-water bridge was a little downstream of the neva, only half a kilometer from the low-water one, when in march forty-third they went along it. the military council of the leningrad front demanded to immediately dismantle the old crossing, but zubkov categorically refused to carry out this order. he offered to keep the first bridge as a backup and announced that he

was taking full responsibility on march 25, 1943 , it became clear to everyone that zubkov was real. seer. on this day, as a result of massive shelling, one of the main supports of the high-water bridge and two twenty-three- liter farms. it was possible to restore the bridge only after 2 weeks, but thanks to zubkov, the movement of trains across the neva did not stop for a single day. so hundreds of thousands of leningraders who survived the first blockade winter were saved from the horrors of a new famine. the piskarevsky memorial cemetery is

probably one of the most visible and terrible symbols of the leningrad tragedy. here, in huge mass graves, hundreds of thousands of besieged martyrs and tens of thousands of soldiers of the leningrad front. there are about half a million people in total. the first blockade winter became a real hell for the city. from mid-february 1942, from 5 to 10,000 corpses were brought here to the piskarevskoye cemetery daily , according to the recollections of eyewitnesses, the funeral team did not have time to dig trenches. frozen bodies often had to be stacked in piles from 2 m in height to 200 m in length. the dispute over how many

human lives the blockade claimed in total continues to this day. during the nuremberg trials of nazi war criminals, the soviet the side stated that the nazi blockade claimed the lives of 632,000 leningraders who died of starvation. but since at that time the concept of genocide with the help of hunger did not yet exist in international law, foreign judges did not recognize the blockade of leningrad as war crimes of the wehrmacht . officially this figure will be recognized only in

time of restructuring. for many years, employees of the oktyabrskaya railway have been carrying out a historical reconstruction at the finland station, dedicated to the arrival of the first train after breaking through the blockade of leningrad, the driver vadim leonidovich gukov studied with those who drove the trains along the pobeda road, sometimes the pipes broke through and a corpse of migratory flames formed to flow and was jammed with special plugs there an assistant driver climbed in, a burning firebox with a sledgehammer inserted an iron cone into the pipe and with a sledgehammer several blows of the plug the leak was eliminated. well, in order to get in there , it was necessary, and to throw raw, coal,

a big firebox and an assistant driver, put on a hat with earflaps, injuring the mittens of the boots, they say, it was already necessary to cut it when he got out, because the skin with the nails were already removed at the risk, of course, for life, but colleagues could always pull you out of the pile, because a rope was tied to the train so that you could be pulled out if you lost consciousness there. for a little over a year on the road to victory thousands of trains passed, which delivered more than 4 million tons of cargo to leningrad. on november 5, 1943 , the brilliant russian engineer ivan georgievich zubkov was awarded the title of hero of socialist labor for outstanding achievements in providing transportation for the front and the national economy.

the world that we were going to build could not be built without korchagin's folder, that period could not be won, it was impossible to defend people like father. this is the generation. that's exactly what it is for me. now, if they were real romantics, then these defenders.

dear friends, dear viewers of the channel russia 24, i am pleased to invite you to repeat our author's besogon tv program. i hope you will be glad to see us again.

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