its existence was predicted by russian scientists pyotr kropotkin and naval officer nikolai schilling, but in st. petersburg they did not find money for the expedition, and it was equipped with pinworms julius payer and karl weipracht. true, they were looking not for islands, but for the northeastern passage, the shortest sea route to the far east, but the schooner fell into ice captivity for a month and drifted with ice, and so carried it to an unknown land, which the austrians named after their emperor, having landed, they studied nature and animal world, but did not understand what it is an archipelago consisting of many islands in 1916 . franz josef land became part of the russian empire and then the soviet union today. there is a polar station, a geophysical laboratory and a frontier post on gorskaya on august 30, 1918. in moscow, an attempt was made on the life of lenin, the head of the soviet government. the official

version was that fanny kaplan shot at him after the speech of the leader at the michelson lenin factory , but the wound undermined his health. kaplan was captured because she said she shot because lenin betrayed the revolution and the bolsheviks dispersed the queue meeting, the investigation conducted us after 4 days kaplan was shot, but she was visually impaired and today there is a version that it was not she who shot, as if the chekists had organized everything on the instructions of allegedly sverdlov, the second person in the state and kaplan were killed so quickly that cover your tracks, however, there is no convincing evidence of this, the attempt on lenin became the reason for the most severe red terror that the bolsheviks launched, on august 30, 43, the volyn massacre reached its climax ukrainian nationalists massively exterminated the polish population on the territory of western ukraine in the rivne, volyn, ternopil regions and even in the southern regions of poland

. ukrainian nationalists. nikolai lebed, said that we are not interested in quotes, we are not talking about numbers, but tens or 100,000, and every field to a single one from starikov to children were not spared, also jews and russian heads. upa roman shukhevych. he called on quotes to treat the jeds in the same way as the poles and gypsies to destroy mercilessly do not spare anyone in poland, the volyn massacre is considered genocide according to various sources , the nationalists killed, tortured from 70 to 200,000 civilians, the battle did not stop only when ukraine was liberated by the red army, on august 30, 1963 , a hot line was launched connection between moscow and washington, the ussr proposed to do this back in the early fifties in order to prevent a nuclear war, but you understood it was only after the caribbean

crisis that the decision was made. then it was necessary to receive instant decryption of messages from leaders, powers, hours left, a cable was stretched across the atlantic in the kremlin, four american teletypes were installed in the pentagon, four teletypes for the production of the gdr on that day, the parties exchanged messages for verification 4 years later during the six-day war of the arabs with for the first time in israel, hot communication was practically used president lyndon johnson informed leonid brezhnev about the strengthening the us military group in the mediterranean in hollywood films then liked to show a red phone. well, it was an invention that direct telephone communication between the capitals was established only in the ninety-first on august 30, 1984 for the first time started. shuttle discovery, he launched three communications satellites into space and tested solar panels. discovery is considered the champion among the longest-serving shuttles and sovereign. more than the

rest of the flights, 39 discovery was used to assemble the iss, delivering astronauts to the international station. and the astronauts are perhaps the most important his achievements. this is the orbiting of the unique telescope of the observatory. hubble made its last flight discovery in 2011. in total, the shuttle circled the earth 5,830 times and covered almost 240 million km. today it is on display by the united states at the national air and space museum. that was the day in history.

residents of the dacha village of markonev, like all normal people, want to spend evenings watching tv with their families. with electricity cause rice fair anger that's how it happens look? good evening everyone. so, not everyone ran yet.

russia alligators destroyed ukrainian militants from the air position to neo-nazis, did not help, even disguise will show footage of an air strike, ryazan region, komi yakutia, the fight against natural fires continues. is there a threat to residential buildings? the french are furious, even the city authorities openly criticize