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for free without registration. today in moscow, in the panorama museum of the battle of borodino , the book was officially presented, defending the fatherland, this is the first edition within the framework of a large-scale project of the union state library, the book is dedicated to the events of the patriotic war of 1812. it contains historical series, and exploits of different infantry regiments, some of the documents are published for the first time. it is clear that the first book of the library under the heading, defending the fatherland, is dedicated to the feat of arms, which is inscribed with amazing pages of courage and heroism in russian history, the history of victory.

years passed over the napoleonic regiments after the victory over the napoleonic army. and now this is the idea of ​​the idea of ​​the patriotic war has become. eh, such a corner stone e russian e, cultural and political tradition, the foundation of our national identity. north korea declared itself a nuclear power and can launch a preventive strike against the enemy, the parliament consolidated this position in a special decree ; it was ready to be used in pyongyang. in the event of an imminent threat , an attack by the enemy with weapons of mass destruction, and

the right to any decisions regarding nuclear weapons has only kim jong-un as head states. he stated that pyongyang would not give up its position. even if the republic is waiting for a hundred years of sanctions, however, according to the new law, the dprk is implemented not to distribute or transfer nuclear weapons technology to other countries. a russian cosmonaut on a kikin went to the united states to undergo training before flying to the iss to the international station, she will fly aboard the american crew dragon as part of an international crew of two americans and the japanese. our cosmonauts did not start on the ships of the united states for about 20 years at the nasa center in houston. anna kikina from the very crew dragon system will then go to florida, where the crew will have to work out launch day operations and undergo emergency escape training. the flight to the iss is scheduled for october 3. further, our broadcast will continue the author's project by kirill vyshinsky,

typical ukraine, the beginning of the school year in an independent about what the concept of rashism is, who and why introduced it into the history study program in ukrainian schools and why the number of lessons depends on the number of bomb shelters in that country. hello. kirill vyshinsky is with you, and this is a typical ukraine program. our program is not news, we record it in advance and go out on a weekly basis. we don't compete with news releases. we talk about what made ukraine the way we know it today, the typical and, of course, the peculiar path that little russia went through in the ussr ukraine before it ended up at the current point. that's what we're interested in, we hope

that it's interesting for you, and that's what we'll talk about today. how many times and why was the ukrainian school reformed without the russian language and russian writers, the first bell rang, what next? what and how, they teach in different parts of ukraine the shallowest sea in the world and its political depth on the coast of azov september is the month of the first calls and the beginning of the school year, and today we will talk about the state of the ukrainian school this year on the lands on the fallow land, in fact, there are already two education systems two schools, one, an old typical ukrainian one, the other. the one that is just being formed on territories that got out of control of kiev during the years of independence, ukrainian students and their mentors. we have already experienced two large-scale reforms, for the first time in

2002, under the minister of vasily and silicon, when schools switched to 12 years old, they say that modern children have too much information in the first grade from the age of 6, and the programs stretched for another year. this was supposed to bring ukraine closer to europe and break the common educational space with russia . almost 80% of ukrainians did not support such a reform. where school has been studying for 11 years. and the verkhovna rada she returned a few years, 11 years old. during the first reform, the subject of russian literature was removed from the curriculum of ukrainian schools. it was replaced with a foreign work of russian writers. they were preserved in it, but the hours for their study significantly reduced the second reform of secondary education. spent after 2014 the school again returned 12 years. but this was no longer the main irritant for

parents and teachers; the reform assumed a complete transition to the ukrainian language; teaching was made an exception only for crimean tatar schools. there could study in their native language and study ukrainian in depth in all other schools russian hungarian polish romanian the native language is studied only in the lower grades. and then almost all subjects are taught only in the state languages ​​of all of the above minorities were left out of the ukrainian school. entering the school reforms in ukraine, most of the changes were made to the programs and textbooks of the humanities courses. the history of ukraine has turned into some kind of jumps in time. first there was an ancient ukrainian state. kievan rus ukraine then jump in for several centuries and immediately the cossack power of the hitmanshchina, which fought for its independence with all its neighbors, the poles, the turks, to

moscow and and after the people's liberation struggle against the colonial oppression of the russian empire, which was replaced by the ussr, the great patriotic war was not, it was soviet german and played a serious role in it ukrainians from aun and a, the latest innovations in the ukrainian school, are the refusal to study the russian language and the exclusion of all russian writers from the course of foreign literature. you for sure have already heard about how this year school bells rang in different parts of ukraine, and what they will teach in the story of anna efimova, the bell at an alarming time with the start of the new academic year, many schools in ukraine opened their doors, but certainly not all in ukraine at the moment on february 24, there were about 1 million 200,000 students from the first to the twelfth grade. unfortunately, today it is no

more than 640 thousand who are on the territory of ukraine, those that ukraine controls at the beginning of summer, the ministry of education and science assured ukrainian schools will study offline, but even then, many parents. this idea raised questions, but by september, given the map of hostilities, these questions appeared quite specific answers in an online format that will primarily take place in classes. we have 5.7004 confirmed inclusion in the online format 3.000 schoolchildren who will definitely join in the flash format 4.000 schoolchildren who will study in the classroom. far enough from the line of contact, based on the situation, 83 percent of parents support conducting classes only online and in dnipro on september 1 for all schoolchildren without exception. studies. started remotely

at the same time in kiev 70% of parents chose for their children. full-time training a key issue in establishing full-time training is the availability of a bomb shelter. they are far from being everywhere, so schools are forced to conduct classes in two shifts. although the question of whom and how to teach largely depends on the distance from the front line, for example, that in kharkov the academic year can only start online the mayor of the city announced back in mid-july that the next problem is the provision of textbooks, the school curriculum, which has already been mercilessly corrected in recent decades with the outbreak of hostilities. and it completely underwent a radical change due to corrections in the manuals of the printing house. they just don’t keep up with me yet, when i was a teacher, i had a clear idea that i was where it was

necessary, including in ukraine judging by the history books in ukraine, they teach to hate russia ministry of education and science of ukraine especially with the programs did not stand on ceremony, the change in the obvious russophobic orientation touched on a number of subjects. so in the work plans for the study of history. now there is a separate educational block dedicated to the conflict between russia and ukraine in 2014 , such concepts as rashid before are introduced. instead, there was a more restrained policy of russification of russian writers. now they even removed foreign literature from the course, replacing them with western ones, according to ukrainian education officials. all those heavy works where the sufferings of the russian soul are described, ukrainians do not need them at all. well, for example, like war and peace in ukraine, there will no longer be all this chanting of the troops. all this will be excluded from the program of foreign literature. as for the schools of the donetsk and luhansk republics, then, despite all the difficulties, they will go to school

. hundreds of thousands of schoolchildren also sat there, training is provided both in full-time and remote formats. all studies in russian ukrainian will also remain, but as an elective at will. and what to do wrote learned to spell. uh, mom, i came to the city to buy clothes about it for myself, i was preparing to collect a portfolio for the school year in new realities. carefully prepared not only schoolchildren, but also the teachers themselves, under the patronage of the ministry of education of russia, professional retraining courses were organized this year, teachers from the kherson region, zaporozhye and other regions gathered in the crimea, we will integrate. gradually, the course is very useful, because every day i meet with teachers. ah, who are the titans in the field pedagogy, because hmm how much i worked at

school, how much i studied i studied. i am very good teachers. still. i learn a lot of new things, especially about the digitalization of education, but nothing is ever difficult. we are always ready for change. and even if there are some differences. they are so global. i'm sure we spawn 100% the difference in the programs exists in many subjects, in addition to the same history or russian literature, high school students in the independent school did not study social science, which is so necessary for admission for most of the humanitarian and creative areas, instead of it, in the schedule of ukrainian schools there was a lesson in jurisprudence, you need to understand that these are all those textbooks that children studied there for many years, and often, uh, in their content they had things that well, even, honestly speaking, i don’t want to say these are things related to a certain positioning of children. e during the learning process. eh, the education of a certain

attitude, including towards the russian federation to the people of the russian federation, is not in a single russian textbook. you won't find any a bad word not in relation to the people of ukraine, not to any other country, but in the world the ukrainian authorities have already stated that education is based on russian programs. illegally, they also threatened a teacher who would still decide to go to work in terms of collaborationism. true, they didn’t explain what to live on. for the second month already, teachers in the so -called uncontrolled territories, despite all the assurances and guarantees of official kiev, they do not pay salaries anna efimova valery savelyev anastasia popova typical ukraine what led to changes in the ukrainian school after two reforms and that school curricula in the liberated territories will have to be changed, we will talk about this with our permanent expert historian alexander vasiliev. hello sasha. good afternoon sasha

uh in ukrainian schools this year the program is saturated with military propaganda. this means that children will also fight. well, at least it means that those who write these programs. uh, they want to demonstrate that they are also doing something for the defense of the country. yes, and most importantly, they count on what is really everything. this will last for a very long time, and including these students of today's school, and they will have to take up arms, but there really, uh, this fact, as it were written in our country. what about features? and, for example, such terms as rashism are introduced into the curriculum, and it turns out that even wikipedia has a drug article somewhere directly scientific base, and it is summed up under it. that is, this is not just some kind of scolding on the internet, yes, but there it means the whole,

the american historian can be seen there, he wrote a whole article on this topic. now it is referenced. this is the basis for being able to contribute, including in the curriculum of education. well, this is, as they say, the first step in this direction, but right there and, as it were, in addition to this, there is one more trend, it is clearly visible, and this, well, is finally the funeral of any russian language and literature in the ukrainian school. uh, you need to understand that today they are trying to present it in such a way that after the start, it means hostilities. yes, now we are all of us there is no other. yes, but actually in fact, this is not so, and as if any person knows very well that in general, for example, a separate subject of russian literature did not exist at all. yes, and all the russian classics, so to speak, along with gogol, for example, yes , foreign literature, but definitely yes, but now they just cleared this course, and two things are often confused from these authors and one more thing. it is the language of teaching and language learning. if somewhere there

often at the request of the parents. uh, in high school. maybe 1 hour of russian at school for some territories. yes, but at the same time, all other items are read in ukrainian , so this change they are so symbolically more ostentatious, but in character. let's not forget yet. here's another thing, that in ukrainian schools, and this year new people came, and these are not students. they are teachers and parents. yes , schools have become en masse, and the object of accommodation, but of the armed forces. yes, that is, just military bases have been converted en masse, right? districts, yes, and we already know this, there is this adequate international ministry that all this fixed. that is, these are not some of our fantasies on the topic, so this is also the case today when we talk about education and schools. eh, it's also impossible not to mention it, so to speak. and what is already happening in the liberated territories, the

schools of donetsk, kherson, zaporozhye, the situation is very different. and here, when they usually talk about it, they operate on a certain average temperature in the hospital. they say how many schools there are open and so on and so forth there are teachers. but the situation is very different in the same kherson region her. e, means the right bank part. yes. e, western a. it is actually the entire pre-front zone, and therefore, for example, i, uh, talked with the head of the notorious chernobaevka. yes, and he's all of this at what a really big problem. what flies literally into the village and how to lead children to school and teachers to be afraid and parents are afraid and so on. here, for example, is such a primorsky city, berdyansk, zaporozhye region, yes, which are removed from the front lines, there are practically no problems with the beginning of the school year, not with staffing teachers are not willing, especially uh parents to lead their children to school, that is very, very different, although resistance. uh, ukrainian is coming, but simply through all possible

channels, that is, you need to understand that literally, you know, some such stories about the bandera people of the thirties come to mind. yes, because i personally know such cases when, including in the zaporozhye region, but people in masks as a teacher can simply come at night to threaten death. to her, her children, and so forth, it happens, but still. hey, classes have started. this is already a big win. but what to do with programs now, of course, in the liberated territories. these are, uh, russian programs, russian textbooks. they will make these programs as close as possible to russian ones. but in the future, uh, does it make sense to simply switch to russian programs and still you can use something, or at least save from ukrainian programs. and supplement the russian programs with some kind of, well, ukrainian component. well, the situation, in fact, here, of course, is very difficult, because the academic year you need to launch promptly and time for such a competent adaptation for a smooth transition. so to say curricula standards, its just

physically. no, that is, the question is, either you will prepare this process, or you will already begin to teach children. and as for, uh, there, what about the ukrainian program? can you take it or not ? here, of course, the humanitarian issue lies on the surface. yes, the history of literature. yes, that is, it is clear that, well, it is impossible according to ukrainian textbooks. how can yes, even there pre-war the times of yanukovych yes, they cannot, of course, be taught, because they already have these grains, so to speak, of russophobia, but they are laid down and understandable. this applies to literature, which i repeat. there were simply no items at all. here, she is very much needed. uh, of course, the regional component of the insane is very important, that is, it is necessary to show in every humanitarian cycle in general directly, but in these territories that these are not some kind of friends. a planet for russia, yes, that it was here that the key events took place, the key the heroes of our history here, this land gave birth and forced our geniuses, literature, and so on, so to speak. it must be directly shown that it was no one who was brought there, on the contrary, they let you touch your own. ah, history and culture. here, uh, and

in this regard, adaptation is certainly required, but there is another point, but about which they are less talked about now. think about what kind of problem children will have who taught mathematics, physics, chemistry, exactly and science in ukrainian. yes, and all the terminology from the first grade in most children was completely different and, uh, for them. that is. i, as a teacher, even at the university came across this when the terminology is russian-speaking children, they know only ukrainian terminology. in the end. they simply cannot fully master even the subject. this will be a very big problem, which i did not even pay attention to, what someone said, of course, it is very important for dates. that is, concerning. yes, yes, it's dark there, why is this terminology. she’s just she, even against the background of the ukrainian language, is absolutely perpendicular to it so, to be honest, to say, yes, that is, its artificiality in this area directly, well, it doesn’t need much proof and, of course, the teaching staff is very important and the fact that there is already an active recruitment of personnel from russia and this

needs to be continued undoubtedly. i mean, uh, you have to be very active. especially i think there for young e teachers. it can be such a very important step in a career, but to do it in exactly the same kind of volunteering. yes , because i know a lot of people who would like to go there, and so to speak, just at the call of the heart. and this needs to be actively developed and supported even then. well, of course, it's understandable. how difficult this school year will be. eh, but i think that there is everything to implement, what can i say? i say what is already being done in this regard, of course, otherwise i think that we will debug this system and adapt this unconditionally, serious illness, probably. sasha thank you very much for an interesting story. the sea of ​​azov, which washes the southeast of ukraine and southwest russia, is the shallowest sea in the world, its maximum depth is 13.5 m, and, the average

is only about 7 with a little warm, modest in size, almost not salty water. in the black sea, twice as salty as some 100 years ago, the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov, was considered the most fishy place in the world, with a hectare of water area, almost a centner could be caught. more than 70 different types of fish from bream are found here. and ram to the black sea flounder, mullet and even sturgeon sturgeon. and the sea of ​​azov. this is access to shipping routes from two industrial regions for several kryvyi rih railway and donbass coal basin. the sea of ​​azov and the kerch strait were considered internal waters of russia and ukraine, which was recorded in the agreement on the joint use of the sea, signed in 2003 . true, ukraine in 2015 tore it apart. however, over the 12 years of the agreement, it has not

been possible to agree on the main point, where the russian-ukrainian border passes. in the sea of ​​azov. moscow offered to run it along the fairway of kerch and the nikolsky canal, which is located on the western spits of tuzla, kiev insisted on a line that separated even in the soviet republics, it allegedly passed east of tuzla, although in the ussr the internal borders were not drawn by water. in the middle of the 2000s, ukraine even offered to recognize the azov not as internal, but as international waters. this would allow nato ships to enter them without the consent of russia. russia did not do this today, ukraine has lost access to the sea of ​​​​azov, all the main ports on the coast, berdyansk, mariupol and genichesk are under the control of the allied forces of russia and the republics of donbass , we will talk about berdyansk sea gates zaporozhye

the nogai wagon and a plow on a green background, an anchor on a blue one, on the coat of arms of berdyansk, its past and present symbols of the nomadic lifestyle of the first settlers of the active development of agriculture, settled and the main location on the azov coast, are displayed. where berdyansk is now, there were several healings of such rather large ones. eh, the nogais roamed the most powerful settlers from the koska province. nogais - this is the tyuk people. uh, basically nogais and several peoples. these are exactly those who were vasya of the crimean khan, therefore often considered nomadic crimean tatami in the 16th century. here, the kazakh line passed through usiberdy, and at the end of the 18th century, by decree of catherine ii, on the left bank of this river flowing into the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov, the peter's defensive fortress was built. when russia was actively developing its own , well, acquired lands, say, new russia. there

are a number of fortresses in the south of them, now there are practically none, there were also the remains of the so-called dnieper line, if i'm not mistaken, somewhere around seven fortresses in different places, however, this lands. the azov region in history was destined to play not a defensive, but an important economic role at the beginning of the 19th century. the russian empire needed a port on the sea of ​​azov for the export of grain, the taganrog shallow water, which was available at that time , had to load and unload ships from the shore, the governor-general of novorossia. count mikhail vorontsov sends an expedition to explore the northern coast of the sea of ​​​​azov special surveyors - these are special naval teams from russia, roughly speaking, which nikolai cretan only in general sin in origin. here they came to the conclusion that yes, here is the place where the river of bio-material began in tongues, in general, the suitable berdyansk spit surpasses incredibly worthy. pomobitochnaya and on it you can start a

pier, a port that sevastopol will only give way. 1827 land was allotted for a new pier. this date is considered the year of the founding of berdyansk. and already in 1830 , the official opening ceremony of these sea gates from the new south port was held; settlement, and since 1835 the city has been growing rapidly in 1838. already 3,000 people live here, and by the end of the 19th century, 26.5 thousand colonists, liberated greeks, moved to these lands. bulgarians crimean karaites jews, germans, colonists, who were invited by the government of imperial russia, all these peoples were actively involved in the

economic development of the cultural development of this region in 1836. only one foreign ship entered berdyansk, but a year later such there were 50 one after another in the city, nine countries open their consulates, including greece england italy and france are building 200 grain warehouses here erecting factories for the production of bricks, tiles , candles, ropes, fish processing, merchants who received benefits from the government, when moving to berdyansk, founded here the first credit union in the russian empire truly dawned in the 870s, when the head of the battalion was generally interested in a person, by the way, of the crimean war. this is admiral pyotr petrovich schmidt the hero of sevastopol and who really led the work. uh, put a powerful new one under while fucking generously using my own funds. there were a lot of pieces there at the turn of the 19th and 20th kob. the

healing properties of the mud of the berdyansk spit were discovered, resort boarding houses began to be built here; the first mud bath was opened in 1902, and by 1940 there were already more than 20 of them. as significant as the port of odessa for the black sea, through which, uh, just uh, well, rudely speaking of which, there was this shaft of grain and hmm, the significance of this port is practically until today. she, uh, it was precisely, uh, uh, in this specialization. at the same time, let's say the berdyansk port is e hmm out of competition. in this sense, there is also a comparison with mariupol from e, hygienic after 2014, the port to berdyansk, contrary to the prophecy of the captain of crete, even overtook its competitor, the port of sevastopol annually its cargo turnover increased by petya in 2020 amounted to

more than 2 million tons olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev typical, ukraine that's all we wanted to tell. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. good luck to you. in russia, the heads of 14 regions and deputies of local authorities are elected, where you can vote for three days on where else and remotely .