kandy hosts the sco summit plot from the scene of the world economy crammed with the grain deal to energy shortages shaping new approaches. what can really kings role of the monarchy in the modern world of the materials of our program? in samarkand, a summit meeting of the shanghai cooperation organization was held, the largest gathering in the history of the sco. now it is the main political structure of eurasia, uniting the most significant powers. those who are not included in it, such as turkey or azerbaijan, still consider it important be present. after the collapse of the ussr, china and a number of cis states bordering it were forced to settle territorial disputes . in the ninety-sixth year, the shanghai five appeared, china russia kazakhstan kyrgyzstan and

tajikistan already in the 2000s, permanent cooperation mechanisms began to appear in june 2001 uzbekistan joined the five, a shanghai organization appeared cooperation, the shanghai six, as it was then called then, the main goal was to ensure regional security in 2005, iran tried to join, but because of the sanctions, it received only observer status; in 2017, india and pakistan joined the organization, but there were four more observer countries left. these are afghanistan belarus iran mongolia and six countries of dialogue partners azerbaijan armenia cambodia nepal turkey and sri lanka. last september, at the sco anniversary summit in dushanbe , the procedure for granting full membership to iran began, and today the sco is one of

the world's largest regional associations total. the territory of the participating country exceeds 34 million m². this is more than 60% of the territory of eurasia, an important task of the organization is the implementation of the chinese transport corridor. one belt one way. there is a set of facts that are listed, when they talk about the importance of the sco, the population of the participating states, almost half of humanity, the total territory, a fifth of the world, the total economic weight of a third of world gdp is all true, but the mechanical addition of potentials in itself does not say anything more importantly, eurasia is taking shape as an interconnected space where a self-sufficient geo-economic complex can emerge in the heyday of globalization. it was believed that trade and economic ties entangled the planet so tightly

that distance is no longer so important, sometimes it is easier to bring a product or provide a service from the other side of the world than to establish relations with neighbors. it turned out that the open world could collapse due to a pandemic of economic wars, even physiological battles, and stopping freedom of contact is much easier. what did they think? the farther the counterparties are from each other, the more ways third parties have to restrict access and vice versa. the closer, the more reliable the connection, before the world order was built from the top down from the global system of rules and relations to their regional and national incarnations. now the scheme is inverted countries gather in the regions of the community, and then they enter into global interaction or not, this is a qualitative change. back in 2000 india russia and iran

signed an agreement on the creation of an international transport corridor. north, south, later it was joined by 10 more countries, among which azerbaijan, armenia and kazakhstan, it was planned that the path through castes would connect the baltic countries to india, but in the conditions when europe closed the new corridor can only be used to deliver goods to russia, another equally important transport artery - this is the northern sea route, this is the shortest road from europe to the far east, two, shorter than through the soviet canal, the main drawback, severe environmental conditions and limited time. naturally, navigation is year-round work, perhaps only with the help of nuclear-powered icebreakers. the oldest transport. the corridor is a trans-siberian highway, they began to build their own more than 100 years ago, the journey from moscow to vladivostok takes seven days, the peak of international container

traffic at. in 1981, goods were transported from japan to europe in the nineties, they were transported, but in a pandemic due to the crisis of transship logistics seemed extremely in demand his competitor could become the new silk road idea is based on the historical example of the great silk road, an important trade route of antiquity and the middle ages, in 2013, the chinese leader xi jinping in astana put forward a new concept of a tray one train one way. this is a global strategy of land and sea routes from china to europe via pakistan central asia russia or turkey water silk road. the key direction of chinese maritime trade across the indian ocean with the middle east from here to china is oil. security should provide a pearl necklace strategy of building a chain of chinese strongholds, as

has been done in the past. british empire and the role of the prospects of the shanghai organization we will talk with two excellent experts rashid alimov, a tajik diplomat on the official list, which, among other things, the post of sco secretary general is visible to sanjay bar, an indian international scholar in the past, a high-ranking statesman rashidkuch. this year, there has been unprecedented interest in the sco. there are some special reasons for those sins, which will be taken by the people themselves. uh, that in samarkand they will, uh, to a large extent, so to speak, the vector of development and the world economy, kemerovo politics. well, it seems to me that, in any case, the interests themselves. this is a very big party very much. and, of course, decisions that will be primarily related to the reception of erana. well, by launching the procedure for receiving

belarus, that is, what about expanding. moreover, as we have seen lately. uh, a lot of interest in the activities and interactions of the sco show uh, arab states. uh, this year, apparently , three more arab states will join the sco, it will turn out six, and moreover, it is, so to speak, a very influential state in other words, so to speak, the sco, uh, will experience in samarkand well , figuratively speaking, so to speak, its rise . here, uh, geography, its going to expand. well, and, of course, responsibility for affairs not only in the region. well, the world will rise, india in the sco, 5 years, met the expectations of membership for india, the seam fits perfectly into the way we understand a multi-polar world, the common deal of india has interacted with many organizations since

the end of the cold war and the virtual cessation of the non-alignment movement. india seeks to work in different forms. avoiding being on one of the sides in some conflict situations the second reason, and it, of course, does not contradict the first, is india's desire to establish close ties with what we call an extended neighborhood. there is a policy of looking to the east within the framework of which we are developing our relations with vietnam, japan, asian countries. there is a policy of looking to the west, this is the gulf monarchies, especially saudi arabia. and, of course, central asia is very important for us historically. sco, it just successfully complements our other views in different directions . so after all , the participants in the show are unequal, regardless of the size, which is the territory of the economic potential of the population, and all the decisions are made without voting on the basis of consensus, which is just the same

and makes it possible to overcome, uh, disagreements when they arise, huh? here is the entry into the period of, well, let's say, the solution of practical problems of such a multidisciplinary interaction and an increase in the number of cooperation formats. well, for example, now there are more than 30 of them, uh, and finally the expansion of the sco family, and this expansion, so to speak, well, if we talk about observers, so to speak, it began from 2004 to 2005, then there was a big pause and only one finnish forum. uh, well, these 2,000 uh themselves, 15 years old . this is the first decisions were taken. like this here, of course, there were and are difficulties in the functioning of the organization today. eh, what's with e. this is certainly already independent, as it were, a factor in the world political landscape, without which it is already impossible to imagine the modern architecture of international relations.

but at the same time, that certainly are reforms that are in my opinion. should allow it to become even more effective, and mr. varum, how much sino-indian contradictions interfere with work within the framework of the sco and is it possible to leave them somehow behind brackets of this format themselves in samarkand are an important test if the chairman of the council and prime minister vogue can use the meeting to improve relations, which have become clearly worse in 2-3 years. this means that the sco can serve as a platform for overcoming such problems. many in both countries. would like to improve the obstacles in that neither guide. not ready to give up on the border issue lacks political courage. at least just to put it up for discussion, an endless series of mutual claims, accompanied by increasingly harsh clashes. in principle, approaches can be found, but no one is ready. both sides are afraid of the internal consequences that possible

agreements are fraught with. poroshenko how much they interfere. here in every possible way is a two-sided contradiction. india pakistan india china tajikistan kyrgyzstan i was nevertheless told that in total, uh, fourteen years and i want to tell you that, of course , uh, during, so to speak, all these negotiation processes. eh, it took a lot of time. uh, patience, which is very important and uh, although for example, here ears are not erased, so to speak, many years of experience have been accumulated, leaving e during the time of the shanghai five. anyway, so to speak, get used to it and find some kind of common denominator. e was e at the first stage very now, when something has already entered the trajectory, as if expansion. eh, there were also expressed, quite expected, such concerns about what not representatives of completely different people will be able to do. i would say so you know diplomatic practitioners yes, but find a common

language to come to a consensus. that's especially the word on the state. that's what you said. india uh pakistan is about to come to iram. uh, well, it was believed that after the replenishment of the organization a new member in the situation. it can get more complicated, but uh, it must be admitted, the more the accession of india to pakistan would be with me, so to speak, i was directly involved in this very complex process. i want to say, after all, here is the shoster style of interaction between partners, first of all , i mean there, so to speak, the culture of a dialogue approach. yes, she helps. find solutions to problems. no matter how sharp they are, they do not appear in other words. and here's what he can all the same, listen to hear and listen to each other and find a word for this. what is the general formula for the joint development of the theme. this unity

is connected with eurasia, this is in the interests of all india. while it is not an organic part of eurasia, it is rather its continuation to the ocean. the himalayas cut india off from eurasia, and relations with pakistan hinder the development of ties with central asia. so india has been disconnected from eurasia for a long time and our entry in shos. a step towards the full accession of iran, the entry of which is now declared or turkey, which is represented at the highest level meeting, is included in eurasia, but they have a need to expand the spectrum of countries with which no one wants to actively communicate in a bipolar situation. like something that was during the cold war for the us and china to dictate. how the world system works and everyone agrees that this should not be. and how do you see progress towards increasing connectivity is a whole series of documents aimed at developing interconnectedness and

the consciousness of effective corridors. now all sorts corridors six and one of them starts. kaliningan and ends in st. petersburg. you can imagine about 9,000 km, a green corridor, and there will be more such corridors. uh, all the more, so to speak, if iran also opens and, of course, if, uh, turkmenistan uh, joins the agreement on favorable conditions for uh, uh, and road transport , then any cargo, by the way, from one point ocean. can calmly, uh, green corridors come, so to speak , interaction is developing up to the persian gulf. e railway administrations and developing railways between the connecting, so to speak state, therefore, created within. e, sco, mechanisms of interaction and formats of cooperation. they already represent a unique

opportunity to combine such national interests of each. that, uh, a member of an organization with interests in the development of the sco region as a whole, of course, this is a very difficult, such a complex, big job, so to speak, but at the same time, uh, in the sco, they perfectly understand that fundamental changes, which the entire system of international relations is currently experiencing. especially uh, economically dictates such a need to prepare a strategy for the economic development of the region of the highway, and such a proposal was made just ago uh, the president of tajikistan to him or rahmon supported it this year as well. it is literally the time for tajikistan to submit a draft of this document. e, in the development of which they participated. by the way, many states are leading experts, including the ionist and the council of heads of

government that will meet in china, they programs will be considered. industrial cooperation of digital and infrastructure development is obvious uh, uh. uh, no one doubts that the sco member states are already focused on building such a stable and efficient economic system. thank you in eurasia, we talked with rashid alimov and sanjay baru. polite guests always praise the hosts for the reception, but in the case of samarkand, there is every reason to do this with a clear conscience, uzbekistan generally put its soul into its chairmanship. is not just a ceremony in such multi-component and complex structures as the sco, the role of small and medium-sized countries is invaluable for maintaining balance maintaining flexibility, which is not always inherent in giants

, the presence of central asian states in the sco gives stability to the structure, expanding opportunities for the giants about how samarkand hosted guests of the state customs committee correspondents robert frantsev. paper production according to ancient technology in samarkand recreated a unique ancient technique using only manual labor, molding, drying, pressing and the final stage grinding. all paper is ready. that's for sure, what is written with a pen cannot be cut down with an ax, such manuscripts do not even burn and keep the history of the ancient uzbek civilization for thousands of years. now the history of new uzbekistan is being written on such scrolls, and the new uzbekistan is impressive. the country is following the path of tectonic reforms. growing cities develop modern industry. the flagship project technopark in tashkent, thanks to the full automation of processes, enterprises are able

to produce products every 19 seconds. ancient registan square for centuries and millennia, perhaps the main crossroads of cultures and civilizations. here, ordinary people met with merchants and scientists. and those who decided the fate of the world, the history of uzbekistan is truly amazing and multifaceted. here in the very center of old samarkand, the orthodox st. alekseevsky cathedral was erected in 1912, before this e, there was a military temple. here, before the revolution, the cossack ural regiment was stationed here, behind the temple, there was a parade ground. there was a general government nearby. now the khakimyat on the territory also had barracks in the soviet time at the temple. the military unit was located as a reminder of this period of inscriptions carved by the military on ancient masonry. there are different periods and pre-war thirties and late afghanistan and right across the road. there is a

catholic church on the next street. we go further and the building, amazing in its architecture, is striking in its architecture. the reading room dated from the beginning of the 20th century. and this is already the neighboring street, the park, confucius is open for a special state visit of the chinese leader xi jinping. the visit is timed to the samarkand summit. it seems that the whole city and from among the local and numerous guests for a few more days and lives in anticipation of this historic event , the attention of the whole world. samarkand, what are the expectations, what mood? in general, the very best attention here is also really very large of the whole world today, because the head of state of twenty states is gathering. we didn’t know that such an event was taking place here, a determinant from vladivostok, we also just had a forum there, so we also got to this

the event in samarkand is such a platform that brings together the people of eurasia, without a doubt , will become another landmark page. in the history of not only uzbekistan, preparations for this event literally boiled over. signature pilaf is cooked on some industrial scale pilaf, by the way, the special samarkand region is a mandatory item in the program of any guest of samarkand mausoleum war in human history. what they say has begun, as if the great war is all, of course,

this is not a coincidence. but there is such a belief that it was impossible to open. yes, they say what they wanted, well, let’s skip ahead, some old people say that now the locals themselves are skeptical about this legend, but, apparently, just in case, only the decorative part of the mausoleum is available for guests, the burial itself is hidden at a depth of 5 m by a simple tourist entry is prohibited there, perhaps after the samarkand summit a new belief will appear from the visit of world leaders to the burial place of the terrible amir timur, a new chapter in the history of robert france foreman of baydaulets will begin especially for international viewing from samarkand after advertising, we will stay in eurasia very much here promisingly. alfa

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the only eurasian organization, let's not forget about those where russia is especially active. our guest today is tigran sargsyan, a very well-known person in eurasia, including, because for several years he headed the eurasian economic commission, the executive body of the eurasian economic union of tigrants before. hello. good afternoon, let's start. let's start with a general question. uh, the world structure is changing. and if until recently it was believed that everything important happens at some high level, and then descends to the regions there to the continents, now it seems the opposite. now the activity and viability of regional organizations is becoming a key factor for success. eh, yes, it really is. this is how it seems when one is a polar bipolar world. we are moving into a

multipolar state, this forces many countries to rethink the content, including economic associations and each country is looking for forms and content to realize its comparative advantages. the second important factor is so fundamental that this is what is happening now. goods, and the production of new knowledge , and this also forces us to rethink the economic doctrine of the development of nation states and the third such fundamental factor, with which we are dealing is the search for new content, new new meanings, namely new forms of self-identification. nation within states

, we notice that globalization is at the stage of regional associations, that is, regional associations are e. here is a new form of globalization. at this stage. we see what you know, you mentioned knowledge. it is very important. but until recently, it was believed that just knowledge they can be produced only at the global global level. there is no way to localize them. this is changing. uh, no, this is a fundamental factor that influences the policy of the state. they must find the right form of co-organization, it is clear that within the framework of one nation state it is impossible to fully realize the intellectual potential without integration with other scientific centers, but on the other hand. political changes put certain limits and countries are forced to look for new partners, including in the field of science and technology. progress well, here's the sco that's been

buzzing this week. uh representativeness virtually all the major eurasian countries are growing, they are already present there, but can the sco become some kind of flagship or, in fact, uh, differences of interests will not allow e to completely unite. well, it is obvious that there is a potential for building up the sco, because if it was conceived as a platform for political dialogue, then we see that over time they begin to implement a project, let’s say , jointly fight terrorism, and jointly discuss transport and logistics now projects a joint position on afghanistan, and it is clear that this is a platform. it is in demand on the part of the participants, especially in conditions when, in a multipolar world, everyone is looking for opportunities for new self-realization of their own. interests you

mentioned the transport logistics topic. uh, there are a lot of very victorious reports on this score, but at the same time we see that, after all, the main problem of eurasia as a whole. this is a very low connectivity very little. actually. this network of contacts is incomparable with the potential. what what is missing. why it doesn't work, there has been a very significant change in the approach to transport and logistics schemes. if earlier we said that the russian federation has a huge transit potential, today it is necessary to rethink this approach in the direction of connectedness, because if we are talking about increasing the self-sufficiency of the russian economy in resisting sanctions, then this suggests that russia should disclose its internal potential and transport and logistics schemes should ensure the realization of their own internal potential. well, the connection e, russia is one thing, but there is

more, or more precisely, there is no enough connection between the large countries of eurasia there. even with china, there is clearly a lack of uh-huh, but a very important process is taking place here. just the other day, we signed agreements on a new transport corridor kyrgyzstan uzbekistan china this is a strategically important thing for china, primarily for the diversification of its commodity flows. now they get the opportunity through this transport a corridor through turkmenistan to go to azerbaijan to georgia to turkey yes, i understand. this is understandably strongly in the interests of china and, in general, in the interests of the eurasian countries, for which it is important to have diversified transport links, and the russian federation must take into account these fundamental changes that are taking place in transport logistics schemes. in fact

, to a greater extent today geopolitics well, here is the topic that is now the hottest. perhaps putin and putin also talked about this in samarkand. erdogan met with food security in the context of this notorious food deal. but in fact, it turns out that eurasia is in this turbulent world more broadly. well, it should be the guarantor of the food security of the whole world, but for political reasons, we see otherwise. here is what could and should be done in this area. on july 22, in istanbul, ukraine and turkey signed an agreement on the export of grain, as well as fertilizers from ukrainian ports, the same mirror agreement was signed on the same day by representatives of turkey, the un and russian documents guaranteed the safe export of food grains and fertilizers and sports to odessa for a period of 4 months, in order to prevent

the supply of weapons in istanbul, an international center was created to inspect ships that went to ukraine. another document became a memorandum, and mutual understanding between russia and the un secretariat it was supposed to open access to russian goods on the world market. that is, do not interfere with western countries to buy, russian fertilizer products, the validity of the memorandum, 3 a week ago, speaking at the eastern economic forum, the president of russia said that out of 87 ships that left ukraine, only two were sent to africa, the rest ended up in the ports of europe and turkey. putin accused western countries of deceiving the poorest countries and said that russia was ready to give him fertilizer for free , which have accumulated in the ports of europe, but this is hindered by american and european sanctions, the president's words are confirmed by the un data for itself. the count says the country of destination. this is the place where

sent ships from ukrainian ports. among them, only two countries are in dire need of food, djibouti and yen. firstly, it is necessary to note that the potential for the development of this area of ​​agriculture and the processing of all industries that serve agriculture has a huge potential for the russian federation from this point of view. russia itself. it can position itself not only as a regional, but also, uh, world leader in this area, the potential is huge and it is obvious that this should be one of priority areas for the development of the russian federation well, they interfere, that's what the whole dispute is about now, what are they not allowed to export? yes, but i think that these transport for communication new logistics schemes that are being built,

including around the russian federation, they actually diversify export opportunities, including for the russian federation. so it seems to me that it’s not well, because let’s say if the people's republic of china diversifies its commodity flows. yeah looking for new ways, it's obvious what it is here they create an opportunity for the russian federation , uh, to diversify its commodity flows. thank you. tigran sargsyan was with us food security is a picture of a well-known german on the internet. as a fact, apparently he comes from the middle east. the typical western version of events is the grain corridor - this is already a turkish view. harito - this word stylistics is somewhat reminiscent of the illustrations of the book dunno on the moon who gets ukrainian grain drawing by the provocative german artist rainer hackheld on bowls

the name of the countries of germany italy israel romania and others, but apparently not everyone gets the problems of russian energy in europe . more and more there is no room for maneuver chinese artist for the english-language tea tree on the buckets written sanctions. on the western extremity of eurasia in europe, the processes within the framework of the sco and other sudden organizations are perceived without sympathy, mainly comments on how the collusion of autocrats against the democratic world. however, there are now enough problems of their own. in the near future, europe may fall into a severe recession, such a forecast was made by analysts of the largest american

investment company black, whose headquarters are in new york, and the investment portfolio that i manage reaches 10 trillion dollars. the reason for the decline is energy prices. now the european union spends almost 12% of its gdp on electricity. this is more than the years of the oil crisis in the seventies compared to the united states. half the energy shock, according to american analysts, occurred in europe due to attempts to wean themselves from russian energy carriers and now also due to a critical lack of resources and high. the costs in the eu countries are closing industrial enterprises in those areas that consume a lot of natural gas. the first hit was the chemical industry in august, the work was suspended by the romanian. a chemical complex that produces paleola octonol and isobutanol for the manufacture of glue , sealant and varnish in slovakia is planning

the main supplier of aluminum in europe in belgium under the threat of closing even beer producers, it turns out that prices for liquid carbon dioxide, necessary for the production of beer , have increased 13 times against this background europe may begin to experience capital outflows, international investors began to get rid of european shares, and on last week, more than $3 billion was withdrawn from exchange-traded funds. on monday, the funeral of elizabeth ii will take place after the death of the queen, the subjects began to perceive her as a figure much more essential than the windsor family seemed. for many years it appeared in the news in connection with scandals, either with the children of the queen, or with the grandchildren, but when the head of the family died, the foam subsided, and now they are discussing the steering wheel and the significance of the very institution of the monarchy for the state. in the world, more than 40

monarchies in japan, for example, are still ruled by the emperor on rusida. although his role is rather ceremonial in thailand, disrespect for the monarch is punishable by a prison term. king rama 10 once sentenced the parents of his third wife to 2.5 years in prison, and the man who published it pictures on facebook 35 years in prison in evandura. for example, the post of head of state is formally occupied by two bishop of urchia and the president of france, though their power in andoria. nominally , belgium is the youngest european monarchy. king philippe leopold louis has no sons, so he changed the order of the throne, inheritance, the throne will go to his daughter, the duchess. elizabeth is given, on the contrary, the oldest monarchy in the world for more than half a century. queen margaret rules there. ii her ancestry goes back to the vikings. she herself commands the country's armed forces and is

the head of the church. the danish people, king philip vi of spain at one time became the youngest european monarch, after his father abdicated and prince hans adam ii the richest since the eighty-ninth year. he rules in liechtenstein in the netherlands, on the contrary, the most expensive crowned family in europe, king william alexander, who does not have power, costs the taxpayer 40 million euros a year, according to the traditions of the northernmost monarchy in the world. in norway for a thousand years, king harald, the fifth, while still crown prince secretly. he met with designer sony harelson, but the law did not allow them to get married then. he stopped abdicating the throne and the government of norway had to reconsider the succession order of the throne. but the swedish royal family is perhaps best known for the fact that king carl xvi gustav entrusts the nobel prize. the british monarch, as you

know, reigns, but the prerogative of the crowned person does not rule. mostly limited to ceremonies. yes, and the symbolism of the throne has already greatly faded. however, a new king ascended the throne and everyone got excited. will he manage to make mistakes and stupidities? will the commonwealth and the united kingdom itself survive? and refuses to sign a law which, in his opinion, infringes on freedom of speech, the government insists, then the king dissolves parliament a nationwide gourmet crisis begins, we advise you to look informative and make

you think. like power. we will not speculate whether this is possible in reality, the most likely correct answer is no, and yet we will talk about the transformation of the monarchy with our good friend oleg kharkhordin, professor at the european university in st. petersburg oleg is the modern ritual monarchy still, of course, the role. e the queen herself of the british political system. uh, it's much smaller than the role, for example. she is carlos the first time the transition of spain to democracy, because there, when franco made the actual heir and commander of the submerged forces of spain, he blessed him at the grave. so juan carlos was the first to become, in principle, yes, the head of all the officers, when there happened a bunch of 1981 with the seizure of parliament and so on, the path is clear. naturally, at least they counted on his silent e, naive significant silence.

no, they tried to capture ministers and deputies, and he, with an active proclamation on february 24, eighty the first year that he does not support them. this role was fundamental in spain's transition to a political system. what we are seeing so far, therefore, the role of the monarch in history is even strong in all systems where the role is very limited and largely ritual, as in england, at critical moments, it can still manifest itself as a rather significant character. well, the world is worried. now there are quite turbulent events, almost all control systems are in one crisis or another. it may be possible to return power to the crowned person, at least partly in this regard. if the usual questions, but that the arab spring happened, first of all, where there were no monarchs and the guys were

hit. so while we look at jordan and look at saudi arabia or the emirates yes, in many ways monarchical regimes, then we see that there, well, of course, quite the population consumes the results pumped into the welfare of peter the dollar, though in jordan it's kind of like no. but there, probably, the following should be noted that where the legitimation of the political regime is based on traditional models. yes, hereditary monarchies, then it’s precisely these regimes that are experiencing shake-ups much better than e. meatballs. there are regimes where, uh, a person who comes to power gains legitimacy in many respects if he promises something to the population, and it either supports him or this is the layer that

brought yours to power, but he needs to deliver, so to speak, what he promised and the fact that if this person does not deliver, then his legitimacy begins to collapse while if god gave, then the king, then, well, yes, you have another choice no. how to wait? as long as god wants and takes in this respect. by the way, i really like the saying. ah, our colleagues who work in the gender center. so they say it's a patriarchal family. yes, also happy, like there type is perfectly developed. uh, the problem with leading liberal democracies is when they try to change the structure of the patriarchal family to modernize it, and it starts to move sideways. means developed western countries. here everyone is dissatisfied. and basically, here's the transition through authoritarianism e is not traditional through legitimation we inherit the monarchy, but through some leader.

which, for the benefit of the people, takes over the government of the country, this causes a problem, therefore it is less stable than the traditional mona well monarchies were considered blessed. but now god cannot give a new monarch. well, in general, to found a new dynasty, if a person, having come to power by means of a zarian seizure, for example, power, and having established a stable system of authoritarian control there, can be tempted to transfer it, respectively heir, but er, transfer to the heir. we see only recently, probably only in the dprk, and then, uh, with a lot of restrictions, but there were attempts by napoleon the third, who was the first to try. uh, what the priceless democracy chose. he also seized power in 1851. the first thing he did was to lead the general electoral rule, which or

the revolutionaries after the revolution of forty-eight, and relied without any yes forgery of votes on the powerful 70% vote there for not him. so he came up with the idea of ​​transferring power. e, s. well did not happen, because, as you know, he succumbed to bismarck's trick and lost the war and was captured. and, in general, it was the only bar that means it didn’t happen, that is, people coming to power. as a result of the revolution, lead back to traditional or dithymation through a god-given and inherited monarch. well, it's hard to imagine. this is the usual argument, which is more to go, but to tell the people, and then we were hammered into the head of the soviet school that how can one person manage, respectively, the whole a side where there's a bunch of other people's talents who can sit in his place, but that's the argument.

and this is the argument of the most popular book of the american revolution of the late 18th century, this book called common sense, and a volume about payne, where he first spoke, like a fallen worm, maybe there we should be ruled. yes, you guys, by the way, the book was sold in 100,000 copies for that time it was impossible to go. rush the most popular, probably the book seemed to be the eighteenth century in the states, but now for us it is banality, and for even the middle of the xix century. this argument is by no means a banal leopold of san francis, the fundamental german historical school taught the bavarian king maximilian ii , which means that the revolution of 1948 led everywhere in europe, but to the fact that the old idea that all systems of government. so, they somehow took into account, yes about democracy, that democracy is a bad system of government. all the rest are even worse, so i studied the framework, accordingly, maximilian, that we were all always convinced that the monarchy is bad

system. governance for everyone else is even worse, and here we need to change this belief, because you, as equality, have led to the fact that the people no longer believe that someone sitting on the throne is somehow different from them. here it is well, he comes to literally explain on his fingers i don’t think you understand why the bavarian monarch, that, uh, the traditional rationale is not even a given through god. as such, you probably know that there was a huge number of treatises in the 18th century. the defense of an understandable thesis is written in the same way. yes that if there is a democracy, these are different passions, passions pour over the people, the crowds face this complete instability, at least these passions rage in the head of one person, when there are manners, makes principled judgments, therefore this is a much more peaceful system of government than this running revolutionary then here but from this. now we have renounced the return of the revolutionary century and from authoritarian regimes, respectively, the monarchy looks absolutely

unlikely thanks, we talked with oleg kharkhordin. dynastic marriage family union between members of the ruling dynasty, an example of how a king cannot marry in love became a mass phenomenon in the middle ages due to such unions, monarchs tried to achieve greater influence, which sometimes became the cause of new wars, and sometimes a way to avoid them. in some sufferings , dynasties such as the habsburger or the romanovs were not allowed to marry with people of lower origin. gymnastic marriages were regulated by special laws towards the end of the fifteenth century. many european dynasties were related relationships. because of this, errors accumulated in genetics due to blood mixing, for example, the whole spanish habsburg dynasty degenerated, its last representative charles ii was born from the marriage of his uncle and niece of a military perepsy, and we

had a deformed lower jaw, characteristic of many of his relatives while the coefficient. breeding, the percentage of identical genes from father and mother in karl was 25, this coefficient would be less in a child who would have appeared in siblings at the end of the 19th century in europe monarchs were struck by hemophilia, a blood clotting disease of the heir to the russian empire, the tsarevich. alexey received the genes of queen victoria, who married her cousin and gave birth to nine children of the english queen. even sometimes called the grandmother of europe, her many grandchildren rotted with european royal families. granddaughter alice became the wife of emperor nicholas ii and after baptism received the name alexandra feodorovna, grandfather elizabeth ii king george the fifth was a cousin. nikolaev they they called each other georgics and were

so similar that they were confused at events, so the current king charles iii and the modern heirs to the british crown are relatives of the romanovs. hybrid regime of electoral autocracy, the european commission is urged to use all available resources to respond to serious violations of the basic values ​​​​of the european union by hungary undermining democratic standards, unprecedentedly satisfied. it is not in vain that hungary honors the memory of the tills, and is drawn to the eurasian simple. we talked about this a couple of months ago. here, go, no one will bother with basic values ​​and democratic standards, because the pluralism is incredible, one thing, let's say victor the urn

, we ask you to join the sco, join the baron , join. it was an international review. see you later. thinking about moving to a bigger apartment? find it on the website domclick domclick is the number one real estate service in russia in terms of the number of ads for the sale of apartments and new buildings, as well as a discount on a mortgage when buying an apartment or house, the number one real estate click service. with polaris smart appliances, order in the house, delicious dinner and healthy sleep, everything for your comfort with discounts up to 60%. there are people who always want more than just life, but life with a plus plus more kilometer.

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must be satisfied. the streets have changed, the city begins to live a normal life.

residents of the dacha village of markonievo, like all normal people, want to spend evenings watching tv with their families. but constant interruptions electricity cause them just anger here's how it happens look. good evening everyone. so, not everyone ran yet. republics

then bakh is strong like this, when the children play in the evening and shelling goes on, the guys already understand what it is, well, somewhere further, somewhere closer, i can say with confidence that our children were stolen from their childhood. at least, this piece of childhood

that was torn from them was not very scary. they sat in the basement for 2 months and the multiplication teacher the day before yesterday. we have died again. children of donbass lost little lives. we want to tell the ukrainian military, who will shoot, that they are very bad people, because they started first. and the main event for this minute in our news release is the ukrainian authorities. they tried to carry out terrorist attacks on russians.