the first president of ukraine will be at least loyal to russia. however, as kravchuk headed the country , he gave the notion that his soviet past in the cpsu was work for the collapse of the system from within. creation of a schismatic chain of the kiev patriarchate, which was personally patronized by the ukrainian president in early elections. in the mid -nineties, kravchuk was replaced by the former red director, yuzhmash leonid kuchma, who came from of the allied military-industrial complex, the candidate from the south-east of ukraine, he went to victory under the slogan not to destroy, but to build bridges, they promise close cooperation with russia , hopes were associated with his coming to power to solve the pressing problems of bilateral relations, coordination of foreign policy courses and the restoration of broken economic ties , expectations turned out to be overstated , if at

the very least it was possible to deal with gas and the black sea fleet, then, otherwise, ukraine went along the pro-western path, contrary to the interests of russia, leonid kuchma still proudly recalls that under him in 1997 the ukraine nato charter was signed and after 5 years nato membership was declared as the main strategic goal. the presidency of viktor yushchenko, who came to power after the orange maidan, left no illusions. ukraine unequivocally entered the anti-russian development vector, the contours of the country's nosification became more and more obvious, the sphere began to shrink. the use of the russian language, yesterday's outcast nationalists and accomplices of the germans during the great patriotic war became heroes, and from ukraine itself was gradually molded into anti-russia. it seemed that everything would change after the victory of viktor

yanukovych in 2010, under him, bandera was deprived of the title of hero of ukraine, although the russian, as yanukovych promised , did not become the second state. but it received the status of a regional language of the inhabitants of the southeast, by the decision of the local soviets, they could use it without restrictions. the black sea fleet extended its base in the crimea in exchange for a gas discount. at the same time, it was under yanukovych that work began on an association agreement between ukraine and the eu and the free trade, and all invitations to the customs union from kiev received only evasive answers, let me remind you. that it was the sudden insight of this ukrainian president and his refusal to sign an association agreement with the eu that led the country to another maidan, and the head of state to be removed from power, then there was the return of crimea to russia and the beginning of the civil war in donbass a deeper look into history in the story of anna efimova january 8

, 1654 is the date that he considers the starting point of the age-old indestructible friendship between russia and ukraine zaporozhye cossacks. after many years of opposition to the polish crown, the ottomans and the tatars swear allegiance to the russian tsar, a decision that a century later, in the great country of the soviets, will be called the historical 300th anniversary of reunification with russia, the new mighty free ukraine celebrated in the friendly family of soviet peoples in practice before the pereyaslav rada. khmelnitsky managed to cooperate with both the hated poles and the tatars and sasmans who betrayed him, moreover, having sworn allegiance to the tsar, he led secret negotiations with sweden during the years of the russian swedish war is called political prostitution. here is the finding of little russia or the hetmanate between three fires, that is, between us poles and the ottoman tatars. she uh, in fact,

and gave birth to this characteristic. whose, uh, first little russian foreman, uh, hetman foreman, and then politicians in ukraine, perhaps the most striking example is peter's closest associate, the hetman favored by the emperor. mazepa , who defected to the side of charles the twelfth in the height of the northern war petrul. denunciations were regularly written against the hetman, but even the mimozeps refused to believe the tsar. in russian history, it became synonymous with betrayal, but centuries later, in separatism, he became a national hero and an example to follow at the suggestion of the first president of the independent leonid kravchuk, it was kravchuk who, using the state money of ukraine, placed ointments, known throughout the entire russian world as a traitor, that is, he consistently shows in this direction to break away from russia as much as possible

but due to inertial electoral preferences. me still russian-speaking soviet ukrainians, he flirted with them to power with the step of mazepa for many years, selflessly servants somewhere, and in the ideological department of the communist party, he debunked the myths about the holodomor. he anathematized bandera and built a bright communist future, however, when he caught it in the eighties. the wind of change began to actively cooperate with the nationalist people's rukh and already in june 1990, with his direct support, he was elected chairman of the supreme soviet of the ussr a year later, when it became clear that ggchp failed, kravchuk announced his withdrawal from the cpsu. it was he who would be called the main initiator of the collapse of the union for the elections. he went with the 5d program of sovereignty, democracy, prosperity, spirituality and trust, and kravchuk was really believed in the lesson table, i swear allegiance to the people and ukraine already in june 1992. kravchuk signed

the law on national majority in ukraine, the so -called national minority included 11 million russians, to whom the state nobly guaranteed the right to national cultural according to the author, the difference between the so-called pro-russian and a really frankly pro-western politicians is that they came from russia at the expense. actually the west and frankly swore allegiance to him on the other hand. so -called pro-russian politicians. they also walked, because vector back only at the expense of russia for many years, portraying friendship. kiev received oil and gas at symbolic prices along the way, literally sawing the plants inherited from the ussr, and each subsequent election race did not

did without slogans about the status of the russian language and rapprochement with russia order in odessa will be order in the country when, uh, nukovic in 2002 in 2003 began to storm. e, kiev, he was, then, one of the most ardent supporters. e nato and ukraine's accession to nato and the then secretary general. e. e nato lord robertson did not call kuchma anyone else or any western pro -western national democrats, namely, prime minister yanukovych called the most pro- nator politician in ukraine while yanukovych was in opposition to yushchenko, he did everything to prevent nato exercises in ukraine from coming to power. viktoriya yanukovych for some time stuck to the previously outlined line shortly after his inauguration. the verkhovna rada adopted a law that explicitly stated that ukraine is a non-bloc state.

however, in reality. under his rule and cooperation with nato, it became only the first open conflict, the seabris 2011 exercises in the black sea, when moscow refused to participate in joint maneuvers with nato and ukrainians, more than we carried out 100 maneuvers practically artillery firing at sea targets, given such a multi-vector nature, the more paradoxical. it seems that shortly before the second maidan, accusations of pro-russian politics fell on yanukovych with renewed vigor after negotiations with vladimir putin in moscow in order to keep friendly ukraine, which was in a state of economic collapse, in its orbit. russia promised a huge discount on gas and a $15 billion loan to do this. moscow climbed into oil reserves. money to kyiv should have been allocated from national wealth fund, what has never been done before for any other state by and large, he would have gone west if azara and those people

who read these had not come to him. page document i association agreement and said that for the normal entry of ukraine into the eu, uh, it takes 10 years and 15 billion . he knew how to count, and he knew he was still a business executive, he came and put forward. this requirement. e es es, naturally refused. after the so-called revolution of dignity. ukraine has finally fulfilled a long-held dream of turning west before running for election in 2014 . poroshenko promised the country would change within a week after his election. they need to be told that he kept his word. the truth has not changed. the main policy in independence is still divided into pro-russian and pro-western, and

there is nothing about ukraine anna efimova valeriy savel anastasia popova typical ukraine later there were pro-russian politicians in ukraine. we will talk with our permanent expert, political scientist and historian rostislav ishchenko rostislav good afternoon. good afternoon, rostislav let 's try to understand the terms, and who in ukraine was called a pro-russian politician. well, uh, the thing is, uh, there are two understandings of the pro-russian, that is, the understanding of russian politicians in ukraine from moscow and the understanding of russian politicians in ukraine in ukraine itself, and this does not seem to be the same. i would say diametrically opposed things, because the pro-russian politician in ukraine is a person who integrates into europe with russian money. it means that it maintains an excellent relationship with russia, develops

economic cooperation, gets cheap gas , gets sales markets for ukrainian goods , gets preferences on the russian market. it does not take on any obligations, which means that this idea of ​​consumerism is also politically oriented towards european integration. that is, uh, we should receive, it means that he will excite to love. if now uh look at these old clips of his old speeches not only by ukrainian politicians, but also by ukrainian experts who spoke and addressed russia during the tenth dash of the fourteenth year during the rule of yanukovych and on behalf of the yanukovych authorities and who believed. look what are you doing. you don’t give us money, you don’t give preferences. you are driving us into a customs union, we don't want to go there. the european union, but at the same time we want to have preferences, we want to have finances. we want to have

cheap gases. you don't give us all this. we are on we will offend you. and when they were asked, so what? well, offended? this is how you understand? we are very offended. we will be such angry and questions. yes, because the scary video today is probably so. oh, and so you go to europe, only you will go for free. and so we will still pay well for this road, and i have a clarification. eh, could a pro-russian politician appear in ukraine in the real sense of the word? if so, under what circumstances is real russian politics in the sense in which it er understood in moscow well, that is, those who advocated the integration of russia immediately said that his goal was for ukraine to fully integrate into russia, well, and so that the term ukraine sounded the same as it sounded at the dawn of its existence. also, when we suppose, there is the stavropol region of ryazan, there is the vologda region and so

on. that is, it would be geographically so. yes, usually usually a geographic term that defines. uh, define some part of the total array of russian lands, but at the same time it does not carry into no understanding of the ethnic component. eh, here. eh, well, there were simply very few such politicians, but he expresses his position out loud. even more so, although they were afraid, because it actually meant a wolf ticket from ukrainian politics. this meant getting accused of being a phobic ukraine, which means trying to force the constitution there and so on, there was no respect for the ukrainian people there, so in fact there were no politicians in ukraine who would risk voicing. eh, listen. this kind of opposition. she's one of the experts was not popular, because in the absence of politicians and in this case, in the absence of businesses that were ready to support the position.

so, it could only be done by sucking on your own. so, that is, a person immediately fell into a much worse position compared to his colleagues. i often observed such a situation during the election campaign in ukraine, when uh politicians went under uh to choose absolutely about russian slogans with a large number of them replicated. but as soon as they won. uh, entered this policy already as statesmen. they suddenly abruptly changed this territory. why did this happen? well, their slogans were rather conventionally pro-russian, rather, they were slogans that were supported by most of the ukrainian electorate. it was a support. they had these slogans, uh, the russian language, as an official or second state, which means that this was the slogan of pragmatic

interaction with russia. so, trade, trade, economic cooperation, there and so on. yes, all this was supported by her electorate headstock. only at the beginning it was that there was a majority of 60%, here he got the majority of 52%. but still until the fourteenth year. it was still the majority, which means that due to this it was possible to force the presidential elections and form a serious faction in parliament. it means even getting control over the parliament in the soviet by other moderately nationalist forces there. that is, it made it possible. e get a card-bash to conduct your own policy in the country. well, by and large, to the point its plunder in their favor, so they used it before these slogans were put forward. as a result, yanukovych led to a dead end, to put it mildly, well, thank god that he was not in the grave, in the end viktor fedorovich personally, i am such a bad person. well, uh,

stupid ambitious, but in general. uh, like the late mikhail sergeevich, zlata didn’t want anyone , so something happened, but yes. this actually led to the loss of power there, and, well, it was predicted, because it was inevitable. if you play with the nationalists in their games on their site and according to their rules, then sooner or late you become unnecessary, that is, you are needed only as long as you really represent the majority of the electorate. they are weak enough to overwhelm you armed forces, but as soon as they feel the opportunity. they just kick them out. get out of politics, get out of the country and he is out of life and absolutely does not reflect on this matter. uh, here, and the politicians who brought this to all. are they surprised now or how is it? in general, we did not want anything bad. we are in general, they stood almost on the same positions, but it was possible to agree with us. and why should we

agree on a trough of one you are many, the fewer you are, the more remains. then who is left? thank you very much for the detailed story. the first settlers of the novorossiysk steppes today in this territory of dnepropetrovsk and zaporozhye, kherson and nikolaev regions were zaporizhzhya cossacks. they founded their sich in the second half of the 16th century on the islands below the rapids of the dnieper in search of freedom. people joined the military brotherhood which mastered the territory wild field and the tatar steppe, the army. zaporizhzhya became the main defense of the southern borders of the commonwealth and the moscow kingdom from the raids of the steppes , military lands, which occupied a significant part of new russia. they grew more and more and in 1686, according to eternal peace with poland, they became part of russia . under catherine ii, a

line of eight fortresses was built on these lands, which went from the dnieper to the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov, the latter was located on the coast next to modern berdyansk, this line separated all of new russia together with zaporozhye lands from the tatar possessions in 1774 , prince grigory potemkin became the governor-general of the region. he dreamed of turning wild. steppes in the fertile mila to build cities factories factories to create a fleet on the black and azov seas, by that time the zaporozhians from the defenders of the border turned into obstinate inhabitants of the inner region, often in conflict with the settlers and the new administration potemkin did not tolerate convinced empress catherine to abolish the zaporozhian sich and took up development of the region. the main merit of the brightest was in the construction of new cities of novorossiysk kherson ekaterina slava and nikolaev about the outstanding personality of the

prince of potemkin-tavria in the plot of olga mokhova church with respect, this refers to people who serve to create both state and church life, therefore, well, we see behind us is the satisfaction of this person when catherine's cathedral, that is, it was the first one called it the heart of the city, because in fact, the history of the city began with this temple, he was a great man who did not fulfill even half what he was able to do after the sudden death of his serene highness prince catherine ii and order to bury him in kherson from nikolaev for the construction of the tomb of catherine's cathedral will send first-class craftsmen built on the model of the best fortifications of that time, which became the cradle of the black sea fleet. kherson occupied a special place in the heart of potemkin and is not only a fortress city. we can

understand the military city, and here we wanted to see the second. amsterdam, huge funds were invested in the city, and it built in a very short time. see the diorama of the kherson shipyard. uh from 1779 from 1827. more than 180 were built here. eh, ships and ships for various purposes, the main kherson buildings of the late 18th century and the fortress and temples of the potemkin palace about the greatness, which we can judge from the painting of the artist fyodor alekseev, all served as proof of the seriousness of the intentions of the russian empire in the development, conquered by the turks. to the northern black sea region, potemkin was one of the initiators. the so-called greek project the essence of which was the liberation of the european continent from tasmanian rule. the greek project is a project designed for a long implementation. for many years, and in this respect, the annexation of the crimea to russia, ah,

active participation, in which grigory alexandrovich potemkin took part, was the first. throughout the implementation of the greek project with one hand, he plays chess with the other hand. he conquers the nations with one foot, he raises his friend and tramples the enemy on the other. he is the universe of the shore of the line, derzhavin is an ode to a multifaceted personality potemkin, on the one hand, he was a typical statesman of the 18th century, enlightened, energetic and brave in battles, but on the other hand, he was lucky to be born in the era of the reign of catherine the great, catherine the great and potemkin, with their talents, their ideas about the good of the state, fully corresponded to each other in 1774. potemkin is appointed governor-general of novorossiysk and astrakhan at the same time. he becomes the commander of all troops settled in novorossiysk, azov and astrakhan provinces on the outskirts of the empire, which were still under threat of attack from the crimean khanate. catherine needed a

person capable, if necessary, to independently make decisions both in military affairs and in economic affairs. often the ideas of building a particular city could belong to him, in particular. this concerns yekaterinoslav, uh, which he planned to make one of the main cities of the russian empire. he had grandiose plans for the development of this city, which were not realized to a large extent in his life. implemented in the nineteenth-twentieth century, when the novorossiysk azov province was merged into the yekaterinoslav governorship with a temporary center in kremenchug, and the military threat after the annexation of crimea weakened, and the darkness began to develop the region in 1783. almost 400,000 people live here. he initiates the transfer of factories with artisans from the central regions of russia to yekaterinoslav and other cities, the south, was, as it were, provided. e, he himself here to solve

all issues, as he sees fit, and e him again but they provided rather large funds in order to carry out some of their planned plans. e, so to speak e, to carry out officially ekaterinosl. it would have been catherine’s journey with the inspection of the novorossiysk territory and the crimea to move the empress by water, by order of darkness, the dnieper rapids were blown up, and dozens of roman -style galleys were built in kremenchug. great britain, the habsburg empire seemed to us incomprehensible. how, 2,000 versts from the capital, in a newly acquired region, potemkin found it possible to erect such buildings, build a city, create a fleet and settle so many inhabitants. it really was a feat of extraordinary activity on the forty-fifth anniversary of the burial of prince

tauride in kherson, a monument was erected after the october revolution. it was covered with a tarpaulin by the locals. they even called him the kherson ghost in 1921 the monument was removed from the pedestal and moved to the courtyard of the kherson historian archaeological museum, and in the forty-fourth after the occupation. disappeared, the sculpture was restored only in 2003 in the catherine’s cathedral in the early years of soviet power, a museum of atheism was opened, where the remains of the founder of the city were displayed in showcases; now nothing interferes with the peace of the ashes of the brightest, and the temple, as before, the place of attraction of the garage is always here, no matter how it is now , but not very noticeable, but there are always a bunch of children here, always a bunch of newlyweds , always just people come to the photo session such a place iphone to keep it that way olga muhova anastasia popova valeriy savelyev typical, ukraine that's all we wanted to tell. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. good luck to you.

to let us go out more often. declare a pariah country. let's look at this story a little differently . this is an attempt to listen to create the entire panorama of the great country through painting. perm was. maybe i'm not human. who? listen now you are a prince.

everything will be fine. no will not belong to me i will kill them all.

information channel russia 24 continues to work, which news will be back at the beginning of the next hours, and now on our air the program nikita mikhalkov besogon tv in this issue, the author offers to understand the causal relationships of the events in ukraine and also to understand how to distinguish fakes from what is really happening.

dear friends, i welcome you to our next edition of the author's program besognom tv called it will snow, and we will all see. who where i think you'll understand. why is it called that, well, in the first place. i would like to thank you for the huge amount of feedback uh comments, and they are very touching and scary and very exciting. well, besides, i would like to inform you with pleasure that together with the channel russia 24 and russia 1 and together with youtube of our previous program. the special was watched by more than ten million people. well, in general, apparently, what we do. eh, you need to. at

least these people. you know, after the last issue, you received a lot of, uh, requests that, first of all, we go out more often than we do , but we will try. although, to be honest, not easy, because there is a lot of preparation for each transfer. well, we will try, and secondly, ah. there were also a lot of requests to translate our program into other languages, and i would like to report to you with pleasure that this has been done and our previous issue has been translated into english french italian spanish german japanese portuguese, ukrainian and even hindi. so i don't know. how many hindi speaking people will watch this show, but anyway the opportunity is this.