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hello kirill vyshinsky, and this is a typical ukraine program. our program is not news, we record it in advance and go out on a weekly basis. we do not compete with editions news. we talk about what made ukraine the way we know it today, the typical and, of course, peculiar path that little russia went through in the ussr ukraine before it ended up at the current point. that's what we're interested in, we hope that it's interesting for you, and that's what we'll talk about today. views of the harvest, what will ukrainian grain reap this year in ukraine business and geopolitics what is the future of agriculture on the fallow chumatsky? way star trek through the steppes

of novorossiya? in ukraine, the harvest has been going on for more than 3 months in some regions, it ended in recent years, ukraine from an industrially agrarian one, which it became in the 20th century under soviet rule, again turned into a simple agrarian country, because for the past five years the main source of the country's export income has been the sale of grain abroad. for this, there were all the prerequisites from more than 55 million hectares of the entire territory of the country, which is controlled by kiev in recent years. the area of ​​arable land was over 40 million hectares, and this is about 80% of them under grain and sunflower has been about half over the past seven years. harvests were record high. on average , more than 70-80 million grains per year, of which for their own food. approximately 20 million

tons remained, the rest went for sale. if at the beginning of the 2000s, ukraine earned more than 40% of the currency from the sale of metal, then after 20 years about the same amount was already given by the sale of grain. ukraine, together with russia, confidently entered the top ten largest grain exporters. the two countries supplied more than a third of all grain volumes on the world market. well and if very briefly, in the current situation of the ukrainian economic collapse, the proceeds from the sale of grain may become almost the only serious source of revenue for the budget. there are two questions. how much will be harvested and how much of the crop will ukraine be able to bring abroad? according to the ukrainian grain association, about 65 million tons of rye and sunflower wheat will be harvested this year, which is lower than

the recent average and about 40% less than last year. if these forecasts come true, then half of the harvest can be completely they were going to calmly sell and export grain through the black sea ports, but now the volume of grain exports has fallen sharply about how the crops are harvested in different parts of ukraine and about the prospects for its sale on foreign markets in the story by anna efimova harvesting under the arrival of a rocket with the danger of mine explosions is the same a case where the video was literally on fire, blazing fields on their channels. in youtube , the farmers themselves are sharing intentional arson, both sides of the conflict and russia and ukraine on the internet space blame each other. all of us started to clean up and nothing broke, didn’t burst, didn’t explode, rockets from the orcs flew in with it, then this cleaning is not

considered a criminal power that gives the task of watering wheat on the border with the kherson region. arson of fields in the kherson zaporizhzhya regions by ukraine caused the loss of up to 400,000 tons of grain, and the intentional destruction of crops was previously announced in both the dpr and the lpr. however, by autumn, the authorities of the republics nevertheless reported. they're bad records of the dnr where the cleaning company started in july alone, almost 700,000 tons of cereals and leguminous crops were harvested, one and a half times more than last year, including at the expense. more than one million tons of grain were threshed in the luhansk people's republic, and winter crops, that is, wheat, rye and barley, have already begun to be sown. raise the price of next year, internal needs. they certainly cover. uh, more than a for grain in this case, we can add to this about one and a half million uh tons, uh, grain harvested in zaporozhye and somewhere half a million tons in the kherson region. and, that is, the

export potential is large, and ukraine considers these volumes of about 5-6 million tons of grain only, without sunflower. in general, partly with their accounts. eh, in one statistic in another, he considers them almost stolen or just losses, and it is extremely difficult to speak of any exact figures in the current conditions. harvest this season agrarians. tried to be in every possible way yet. at the end of may, the authorities of the kherson region announced the start of exports . vodnik stocks of grain in russia in the first turn to make room for the new harvest it was then that the network flew around the frames of loaded trucks moving towards the crimea, like this, first of a full-scale invasion of the russian troops they brought ukrainian grain into the occupied crimea, then in the ukrainian media they unanimously shouted russia was stealing ukrainian grain, but as it turned out , in fact, buys the main problem is that in the liberated territories there is a very incomprehensible situation, primarily

with uh, capacities for storing the same grain , a huge problem was with fuel. and started doing this late. uh, and uh at the central level. uh, as far as i know, the problem was only partially solved, meanwhile, for kiev, the 2022 sowing season, for obvious reasons, was immediately named the most difficult morale in the history of independent ukraine, the agrarians were supported by loans and all sorts of other ways. according to the corpses remained national security and it's not only and not so much about hungry. how much about foreign exchange earnings in the country 67 million, and we will collect 67 million tons grain domestic consumption is estimated at

20-22 million tons. we will look at the needs of animal husbandry, so at least 45 million tons of this crop will be exported. according to the ministry of agrarian policy, in mid-september in ukraine there were already 26 million tons of grain for milk. 80% of the area was sown with the projected 50% . however, such positive trends that official kiev reports do not have the same positive impact on consumers within ukraine itself if we evaluate economic situation. here in ukraine now food is getting more expensive, as it were, we just said that theoretically grain should become cheaper, but if we take it as a whole, food is getting more expensive, food inflation in ukraine means that compared to last year it was more than 25%. at the same time, according to data again from ukrainian sources. uh, some types of products, some vegetables and fruits have risen in price by 58-60%. meat and other agricultural products have also risen in price

in all regions of ukraine. also have already begun to sow a new crop asimov however, the current autumn. as expected? they will reduce the acreage of grain by about a third due to difficulties with exports, the stake is not on bread, that is, wheat, but on sunflower oil and rapeseed, those same commercially, justified and unpretentious agricultural crops, europe is about 40% of its extraction plants dependent on seeds in ukraine this year, ukraine exports less oil in physical terms, because the oil of the war factories worked little. in addition, some of them in the east are concentrated in the liberated territories, but, accordingly, more seeds will be taken out of here and there will be more talk that it needs to be planted more, by the way, in the last days of august, ukraine and poland tentatively agreed on the construction of a pipeline for transporting vegetable oils from ukraine to gdansk at a time when the pipe pipeline through the territory, independent of europe, was pumped billions of cubic meters of gas

bring fabulous income to the treasury probably gone forever anna efimova valeriy savelyev anastasia popova typical ukraine his future fate. we will talk with our permanent expert alexander vasiliev. hello sasha. hi sasha, at the beginning of the year, we discussed the prospects for agriculture, in my opinion, even before the start of a special operation on the territory of ukraine e. now, probably, it’s already possible to draw to an end in fact, and powerful companies are some first results of what happened this year with ukrainian agriculture well, maybe we’ll correct it, in my opinion, at the very beginning at the very beginning of the arch, we, as it were, made such predictions and about 40% there, and this year's harvest will be. e less than the harvest of the twenty-first year, problems

with fuel and lubricants there, which were predicted there with equipment and so on and so forth with the labor force. just a sweat of large agricultural areas for ukraine yes, that's all too, of course. she went to bed, but uh, the story is still what it is, but they also collected quite a lot anyway. yes? that's because the agrarian complex is powerful and ukraine is understandable. yes, they collected they collected, as if they collected a lot, but it turned out that because of this, so to speak of this blockade, yes, by sea, and this was the main route for the export of ukrainian bread, almost 90%, which is why the previous crop is still in the elevators. you just have nowhere to put it. yes, because, as it were, the grain has its own specifics. this market. eh, in general. yes, that is, in order for it not to be valuable, when threatening to collect everything it costs a lot of grain, you go a lot of it, then in winter it costs small yes and

they are built for storage capacity, taking into account the fact that this crop should be enough for you . here to a hold out until the next harvest, so to speak. and here it turns out that the export was to be missed, stopped and superimposed on it. eh, what has already been collected and this, of course, but creates additional problems , okay? and what is happening with the harvesting of mugs, and in general with agriculture in the liberated territories, because because of the zaporozhye kherson region is an agrarian region. you've been there, you've seen it, haven't you? yes, here, of course, it must be said that i visited several times and saw this whole, so to speak, agricultural cycle literally on its different stages. and i'll be honest, at some point somewhere, probably by may, when, in theory, it should already be in full swing, so, uh, here or there in june, but harvesting. uh, it means winter crops, yes, there was a feeling that in general, it would be really bad in these territories of ours, that bread would remain in the fields. it looked like it was right there. yes, and then something happened that, like, you know, the battle for the harvest. here, right, right, yes, that is, it caused,

tension was directly visible. i saw in the fields, so there are kherson regions, right? well, just antiques, that is, niva, these combines are old. it means to dig out of it, which, next to some, can be ultra-modern, it means to work with machines that can be shot through in several places, for example, because the equipment there came under fire, they were taken out by hook or by crook from away from the front line for in order to mean this very thing and in addition, technology comes in. russian, for example, belarusian-made equipment appeared, on which local faces who have never seen it look, well modern, but with such eyes, there are some belarusian cars there, that is, just like that, it was all just a huge effort, and there the government is certainly, so to speak, authorities at all levels. uh, they added to this in order to take it into account, but it’s the same, of course, the prospects for next year, because, firstly , this is for ukraine, uh, it’s typical for our territories, well facts yes, these are purchase prices but

because despite this leap in international markets. yes, sometimes in some positions 10 times the price can vary. how much they pay directly to the farmer at this stage, the figures for ukraine are more known, so to speak. that's how much, for example, there is, relatively speaking, in the port of constance, where right now the main hub is such for ukrainian e-e grain. and this, as it were, is a big problem, that is, uh, so that, well, there are such fair prices there for purchasing, with this it was not so simple, well, besides, we will not only talk about grains, of course, these are vegetables and fruits . a. well, kherson watermelons are famous. yes, because that e ukraine is already straight people. you know, how it’s all the same with humor they look at this situation, compose some kind of memes about a person who bought a watermelon and the tax office came to him, because it’s very expensive yes, very expensive, or vice versa, a hut came to him, because it means it’s a watermelon collaborator. that is, how would such moments mean. uh, uh, uh, uh . and vice versa, there

prices are just for the season, those who have been to holidaymakers, they are positive, so to speak perceive. and ukraine in general, there are practically no gourds left. they are there for some absolutely crazy, and the prices are being sold all these months the last we have heard a lot about how seriously, er seriously , but how serious the contributions of ukrainian agriculture are in overcoming the problem of hunger in africa and that in conditions when export to the seas is stopped, then they say africa will simply die of hunger, and in russia, together with turkey, with the organization. e, we managed to reach an agreement on which to work now grain exports. we are in radically changed the situation with famine in africa if you trace the routes of the first steamships, but they, of course, they did not go to batman. yes, uh, european countries, but to get them, or, well, you need to understand that there is still a very severe drought in europe. and there will be food

difficulties. related to this, you need to understand that here i am as a historian. i just can't help but really talk about the global role of grain crops, which are on the territory, so to speak, of the northern black sea coast where this grain is produced. e to the world market. yes, when these regions were mastered and when such appeared, so we have ports like odessa, nikolaev there, mariupol and so on, yes, in the 19th century, when they began to actively export grain, this led to very serious tectonic changes even then, for example, in southern europe here we remember italy for example in the 19th century. it was not a single state. yes, and then there, so there was a movement, so to speak. yes, and here they are, uh, there is a struggle for the unification of italy, and in the end it turned out so there are historians, who claim that the bread, which came from e black sea ports. and a, italy was very important just, and so to speak, the recipient of this grain. and this is very serious. it revived the economic

life of the region and this led to political consequences. they say the same about the struggle for the independence of greece. the acquisition of independence of greece is also directly connected . here, in fact, the soviet time was it is customary to say that they say, when russia spoke about constantinople there, these are some fantasies of tsarism. well, somehow we now see well why we see the role of turkey in the current great food crisis. it was the turks who turned out to be, yes, uh, well, those who, uh? here, in fact, there stood the origins. this is a cereal made. yes, who has found a common language with all the players there, of course, and because they are economically very strong, including tied to this grain and want to increase their role even more, but i repeat yes, 100 years ago, when they talked about the straits about constantinople, it was precisely the russian ederno trades. and first of all, these are

those who sold e, and the bread of little russia, novorossiya, and even large ones is just the twist, because in the cold already at the beginning of the 20th century it was reoriented to the domestic market to a greater extent. but on the contrary, it continued to be such an export region, so to speak, and a powerful region, so they said that, uh, turkey yes, it can simply block this powerful flow of bread exports at will into one day. and that it’s just for the economic future, but it’s impossible for russia to imagine that someone will sit on this switch, because at that time it was 100 years ago. it was comparable. well , relatively speaking with there, and our current gas pipelines there are the northern stream. yes, that is, it was so important breakthroughs. yes, that is, it shows how much this bread is exported to - this is not an internal matter, some kind of business, or some kind of conflicts between russia and ukraine and so on. this indeed a very powerful factor that is in the past. i moved it, so to speak, well, there are crises of the army

, i repeat, there is the state, but on the other hand, we made every effort to ensure that this grain went, where it went, of course, and here it is, and we offered our best efforts to ensure that it has gone and could give even more of this grain directly in this sense of the russian. and just the west, despite the formal terms of this deal, is in no hurry to receive more of this grain to us so that it reaches, for example, not only yes until the same european countries, but and before that africa was there. well, yes, because russia, together with ukraine, is 30% of the world's grain and russia in this sense is here, well, one of the main players, of course. sasha thank you very much for the interesting story. chumaki and pickles and kolomiytsy so called the unique caste of ukrainians, who carried salt for several

centuries in the middle ages, salt was the main flavoring seasoning and natural preservative chumaki was brought from the crimean steppes from the coast, the black sea coast to the central part of malarussia of the volga region and even to the western regions of russia through the steppes, salt was delivered along the well-traveled chuman roads along petya, but the main guiding line was directly above the head of heaven. the milky way in ukraine is still called chumatsky. a dude is a person of a special semi-military profession in the 16th-18th centuries the road was not only long, but also a dangerous merchant, cab driver and salt miner. and the warrior is all chumak rolled into one. why exactly chumak where did this word come from, some believe that the tatars and turks are so others called the drivers sure that the chumaki brought not only salt, but also the terrible disease

of the middle ages, the plague, and therefore the chumaki say that during the outbreaks of the epidemic, these workers from the lviv craft did not give up their business, they traveled from head to toe, smeared with tar. why tar is not clear this story is more like a myth. well , what is known is that the chumatsky business was quite profitable and, in fact, formed the little russian merchant class, as a class on the way back, the chumaks were transported by the port of the black and azov seas grain was the most popular commodity in ukraine in the 18th century. this fishery died out only in the second half of the 19th century, when shipping and transportation began to actively develop in novorossia. railways about the chumatsky path in the historical section of our program boots a pipe with sawdust a prayer book

equipment a gun a spear and a saber, historian nikolai kostomarov called chumakov a reflection of mugashev chivalry and although salt on the shores of the black sea was sent back in the days of ancient russia , the mention of chumaks, as such, appears in forties of the sixteenth century. the flourishing of this special class of the little russian society. it began in the second half of the eighteenth, the third chumaki in it, by the force of the degree, were the descendants of the pigs. they were not serfs as long as there was serfdom. it is clear that a horse and weapons were not used to from childhood and a certain discipline in relation to the chieftains, who themselves chose it, betrayed it, but the forelock is some kind of special such features from native forces. the dudes left in may for nikola veshny and returned in october on the covers, and due to the season, the borotists made 3-4 trips , the path passed along the left bank of the dnieper through the zaporizhia degree to the perekup isthmus, they went in a convoy consisting of 40 to 100. each load of at

least a ton was harnessed by a pair or four shafts of slow-moving animals, but hardy and unpretentious, when chumaki hmm were in their native villages. they have always taken the best care of their cattle. they gave her the best food and cooked on the road and before the road. e. hmm shafts. straw was rubbed on their way to they were so fluffy, and their horns were sometimes rubbed with the help of festive and elegant glass; it was this procession after buying salt, as a rule, they were taken to the chuman capital of starokonstantinov on khmelnichenna or kryukov today. this is the area of ​​kremenchuk and from there ataman sent the goods to the customer by the middle of the 19th century. chumaks were monopolists. in this market, annually exporting from the crimea up to 130,000 tons of salt. at the end of the 18th century, after the annexation of novorossia, the government began, that is, to remake these chumatsky ways into

real acts. it means to dig these wells. accept it every 25 about kilometers, and uh, small, settlements of the station to grandfather, most of all, lyuba was that chumakov every day in azov 50 will pass people, you know, and an experienced one will go to tell only to hang his ears. among the fellow villagers, the chumaki were in authority for their education, courage, because the chumaks, campaigns are not for the weak and the generosity of the state respected them for honesty and discipline, the chumaks trusted her to transfer mail and state money in the seventies xix century, the ministry of finance of the russian empire estimated the chumatsky composition of the population at more than 200,000 people of military duty by the military from the eu disagreed with the fact that they are much more useful for the armed forces precisely with their chumatsky cab, when there was the crimean war, it was the chumatsky convoys that dragged both the armies and military equipment and

food heroes of kochuman life and the theme of the long road captivated not only writers monotonously. a dragging burden in the middle of the vast expanses of the steppe, a favorite plot of many russians artists of the 19th century. more than once ivan ivazovsky addressed him in his work. whose picture of chumaki is in the museum presented in little russia? in this work, aivazovsky turns to the extremely rare motif of the winter land landscape in his work, both in his seascapes in his marinas and in the image of the expanse of the steppe. uh, aivazovsky retains his romantic intonation. it’s safer how the russian ethnographic museum stores unique evidence of the work of the chumaks themselves, being deeply religious after the campaign, they will definitely they went to the temple, and in addition to prayers, they brought as a gift crosses and salts, icons on dried flounder. they are oil

-painted on both sides. e, the images are applied is the image of the most holy theotokos on the one hand and on the other hand the image of jesus christ e, the object itself is fish yes, the flounder is known to be the image of a fish. in general, he was a symbol of jesus christ of god for everything , the chumaks, as the people sang them, themselves composed a song about separation about their native home, and the long and dangerous journey, how brave they were, they were just as superstitious, and they certainly took on a long journey a rooster who rode with the ataman on the first vase. here is the presence of a rooster. eh, it also had such a hmm uh such an aspect connected and also, again, with the spiritual life with experiences. yes, the chumak of this long journey, the rooster, as it were, was, a reminder of the house, like barge haulers shipping company, than hellish fishing brought to naught the rapid construction of railways, which, by the way, were largely laid in the same places where salt was busy , chumaks of the head of this profession still

retain both ukrainian and russian surnames chumakov chumak chumachenko olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev typical, ukraine that's all we wanted to tell. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. good luck to you. there will be 89 subjects at three o'clock in the afternoon in st. george's hall, agreements will be signed on the entry of new regions into the russian federation in the refugee colony, ukrainian troops fired on cars that were at the entrance to the liberated part of the zaporozhye region, according to preliminary data, more than 20 people died. only

those who have served in the military. vladimir putin demanded to quickly correct the mistakes that were made during the partial mobilization for russian tourists and cancel the visas issued by the finns, what will be all those who have already entered the country and with what visas transit is allowed? russia recognized the independence of the zaporozhye and kherson regions, the relevant decrees were signed by vladimir putin and the documents published late the evening before. they say that the decision was made in accordance with the norms of international law and with taking into account the will of the inhabitants of the territory , referendums were held in these regions from september 23 to 27 , simultaneously with the donetsk and lugansk people's republics, citizens voted for secession from ukraine, declaring independence and entry.