the current conditions say it is extremely difficult to harvest this season, the farmers tried to be by any possible means yet. at the end of may, the authorities of the kherson region announced the beginning of the export of last year's grain stocks to russia in the first place , in order to make room for the new harvest. , then in the ukrainian media they unanimously shouted russia stealing ukrainian grain, but as it turned out, actually buys the main problem is that in the liberated territories there is a very incomprehensible situation, primarily with uh, capacities for storing the same grain , a huge problem was with fuel. moreover , they started doing this late, uh, and uh, at the centralized level. uh, as far as i know, the pleasure problem is only partially solved, meanwhile for kiev, the sowing season of 2022. yes, for obvious reasons, it was immediately

named the most difficult morale in the history of independent ukraine, the agrarians supported loans and other various means. god in every field after us the battle for the harvest has become a matter of national security and it's not only and not so much about being hungry. how much foreign exchange earnings in the country is 67 million. so we take 67 million tons higher. domestic consumption of grain is estimated at 20-22 million tons. we will look at the needs of animal husbandry, so at least 45 million tons of this crop will be exported. according to the ministry of agrarian policy, as of mid- september, ukraine already had 26 million tons of milk. tons of grain were sown on 80% of the area with the forecasted 50%. however, such positive

trends reported by official kiev do not have the same positive effect on the end consumer within ukraine itself if we assess the economic situation. here in ukraine now food is getting more expensive, as it were, we just said that theoretically grain should become cheaper, but if we take it as a whole, food is getting more expensive, food inflation in ukraine means that compared to last year it was more than 25%. at the same time, according to the ukrainian sources. uh, some products. some vegetables and fruits have risen in price by 58-60%. meat and other agricultural products have also risen in price in all regions of ukraine. also have already begun to sow a new crop asimov however, the current autumn. how are they expected to reduce the area under crops? grain is about a third for difficulties with exports , the stake is not on bread, that is, wheat, but on sunflower oil and rapeseed, the very commercially justified and unpretentious agricultural

crops, europe is about 40% of its factories on extraction depend on sunflower seeds in ukraine this year, ukraine exports less oil in physical terms, because the war oil plants worked little, in addition, parts of the new building are concentrated in the liberated territories. well, accordingly, more seeds will be taken out of here and there will be talk that it should be planted more, by the way, in the last days of august, ukraine and poland tentatively agreed on the construction of a pipeline for transporting vegetable oils from ukraine to gdansk times, when the pipeline through the territory billions of cubic meters of gas were pumped into europe, bringing fabulous income to the treasury, probably irretrievably passed anna and the seventh valery savelyev anastasia popova typical, ukraine about what is happening today with agriculture in ukraine and its future fate. we will talk with our permanent expert alexander

vasiliev. hello sasha. hi sasha, at the beginning of the year, we discussed the prospects for agriculture, in my opinion, even before the start of a special operation on the territory of ukraine e. now, probably, it is already possible to draw to an end , in fact, and the harvesting company some first results of what happened this year with the agriculture of ukraine well, maybe we will correct it , in my opinion, at the very beginning at the very beginning at the beginning of the set , we kind of made some kind of forecasts and there are about 40% there, and this year's harvest will be. e less than the harvest of the twenty-first year, problems with fuel and lubricants there, which were predicted there with equipment and so on and so forth with the labor force. just a sweat of large, but agricultural spaces for ukraine yes, that's all too, of course. she went to bed, but uh, the story is still like that, ah, did you collect it ? it's still not enough either. yes? that's because the agrarian complex is powerful and ukraine is understandable.

yes, yes, they collected they collected, as if they collected a lot, but it turned out that because of, so to speak, this blockade, yes, the sea, and this was the main route for exporting ukrainian bread, almost 90%. that because of this, the previous crop is still in the elevators. you just have nowhere to put it. yes, because, but as if the grain has its specifics this market. eh, in general. yes, that is, so that prices do not jump when the harvest is harvested everything costs a lot of grain, and then in winter it costs a little expensive, yes, and uh capacity for storage. and so it is built, taking into account the fact that this harvest should be enough for you. here, in order for a to hold out until the next harvest, so to speak. and here it turns out that the export was, so to speak, stopped on it. uh, what is already collected and this, of course, uh creates additional problems. okay. and what happens with the cleaning of the face, and in general with agriculture in the liberated territories, because the zaporozhye kherson region is

an agricultural region. you've been there, you've seen it, haven't you? yes, here, of course, it must be said that i visited several times and saw this whole, so to speak, agricultural cycle literally at its different stages. and but to be honest, at some point , somewhere, probably by may, when, in theory, it should already be in full swing, which means, uh, here or there in june, and the harvest, which means winter crops, yes, there was a feeling that in general , that's just bad for these of ours territories that the grain will remain in the fields. it looked like it was right there. yes, and then something happened that , like, you know, the battle for the harvest. that's straight ahead. i literally didn't see it. yes, that is, it caused right on the right you could see the tension. i saw in the fields, so there are kherson regions, right? well, just antiques, that is, niva, these combines are old. it means to dig out of it, which, next to some, can be ultra-modern, it means to work with machines that can be shot through in several places, for example, because the technique

there she came under fire. there they were taken out by hook or by crook from away from the front line in order to mean this very thing and. in addition, russian equipment comes in, belarusian -made equipment appeared, on which local faces that have never seen it look, well, modern ones, yes, with such eyes about there are some belarusian cars, that is, just like that, it was all a huge effort, and there the government, of course, the authorities at all levels, so to speak, and they put it in order to take it reflected. but the same, of course, the prospects for next year, because, firstly, this is also for ukraine, er, typical for our territories, well, these are facts. yes, these are purchase prices. because despite this leap in international markets. yes, sometimes for some items the price can differ by 10 times, how much do farmers pay directly? yes? for this, here are the figures for ukraine, they are more, so to speak, known. that's how much, for example, there, relatively speaking, in the port of constance, where right now the main hub is such in ukrainian uh grain. this is, like, a big problem. that is, in order to have such fair prices

there were procurement, it was not so simple, well, in addition, we will not only talk about grains, of course, these are vegetables and fruits. a. well, kherson watermelons are famous. yes, because in ukraine there are already straight people. you know, how it’s all the same with humor they look at this situation, they compose some kind of memes about the person who bought the watermelon and the tax office came to him, because it’s very expensive yes, very expensive, or vice versa to him the hut came, because it means that this is a watermelon collaborator. that is, how would such moments mean. uh, uh, and uh . for the season, those who have visited spas, they perceive it positively, so to speak. and ukraine in general, there are practically no gourds left. they are there for some absolutely crazy, and the prices are being sold all these months the last we have heard a lot about how serious he is, uh serious, but how serious are the contributions of ukrainian agriculture economy in overcoming the problem of hunger in africa and

that in conditions when exports to the seas are stopped, then they say africa will simply die of hunger, and in russia, together with turkey, with the organization. e, managed to reach an agreement on which e works now grain exports. we radically changed the situation with famine in africa if we track the routes of the first steamships, but they, of course, they did not go to batman. yes, uh, european countries, and get them, or , uh, well, you have to understand. now in europe there is still a very strong drought and there will be food. difficulties associated with this need to understand that here i am as a historian. i just can't help but really talk about the global role of cereals, which are , so to speak, on the territory of the northern black sea region where this grain enters the world market. yes, when these regions were mastered and when such appeared, so we have ports like

odessa, nikolaev there, mariupol, and so on, but in the 19th century, when they began to actively export grain, this led to even then very serious tectonic changes, for example, in southern europe here we remember that italy, for example, in the xix century. it was not a single state. yes, and then there, so there was a movement, so to speak. yes and here they are, there is a struggle for the unification of italy and in the end it turned out so there are historians who claim that the bread that came from the black sea ports. and ah, italy was very important just to get this grain, so to speak. and it very seriously revived the economic life. region and this led to political consequences the same is said about the struggle for the independence of greece, gaining independence of greece is also directly linked, oddly enough, with grain exports. and the most, of course, the classic example here is the first world war. here, in the soviet era itself, it was customary to say that they say, when russia spoke there about constantinople, then these are some fantasies of tsarism.

well, here's something like this. well, we can see well now. why do we see the role of turkey in the current great food crisis. it is the turks turned out to be, yes, uh, well, those who, but, in fact, there were origins, this is a grain deal. yes, who found a common language there with everyone with all the players, of course, and because they are economically very strong, including tied to this grain and want to increase their role even more, but i repeat yes, 100 years ago, when they talked about the straits about constantinople then it is russian izderna traders in the first place. these are those. ah, i sold bread to little russia, novorossia, even big ones, especially novorossia, because little russia already at the beginning of the 20th century, it reoriented to the domestic market to a greater extent, but in novorossia it continued to be such an export, so to speak, e powerful region, so they said that, er, turkey yes, it can just block this powerful flow of bread exports in its own way will in one

day. and that it’s just for the economic future, but it’s impossible for russia to imagine that someone will sit on this switch, because at that time it was 100 years ago. it was comparable. well , relatively speaking with there, but with our gas pipelines the present there northern stream. yes, that is, it was so important breakthroughs. yes, that is, it shows how much this bread is its export. this is not an internal matter of some kind of business, or some kind of conflicts between russia and ukraine and so on. this is indeed a very powerful factor that in the past, but moved, so to speak, well, there hmm, the crises of the army will repeat there the state, but on the other hand, we made every effort to ensure that this grain went, where did it go? yes it is definitely so, of course, and here with, and we made every effort to ensure that it went and could give even more of this grain directly in this sense of the russian. and just the west, despite the

formal terms of this deal, is in no hurry. uh, we get more of this grain, so that it reaches not only yes to the same european countries, but also to africa there well, yes, because russia together with ukraine is 30%, u of the world grain and russia in this sense here, well one of the main players is definitely. thank you very much sasha interesting story. chumaki and the pickles and kolomiytsy so called the unique caste of ukrainians, who carried salt for several centuries in the middle ages, salt was the main flavoring seasoning and natural preservative. regions of russia through the steppes, salt was delivered along five well-traveled chumat roads. but most importantly, the guiding line

was right above the head of heaven. the milky way in ukraine is still called the chumat helmet. dude - this is a man of a special paramilitary profession in the 16th-18th centuries, the road was not only long, but also a dangerous merchant, cab driver, salt miner. and the warrior is all chumak rolled into one. why exactly chumak where did this word come from, some believe that the tatars and turks called the drivers that way, others are sure that the chumaks brought not only salt, but also the terrible disease of the middle ages - the plague, therefore the chumaks say that during outbreaks of the epidemic these workers from the lvov craft they didn’t leave their job, they traveled from head to toe, smeared with tar. why tar it is not clear that this story is more like a world. well , what is known is that the chumatsky business was

quite profitable and, in fact, formed the little russian merchant class, as a class on the way back to the ports of the black and azov seas. the chumaks carried grain, the most popular commodity in ukraine in the 18th century. this fishery died out only in the second half of the 19th century, when shipping and transportation began to actively develop in novorossia. railways near the chumatsky path in the historical section of our program boots pipe with sawdust prayer book equipment, a gun, a spear and a saber, historian nikolai kostomarov called chumakov a reflection of ugashev's chivalry, and although salt was sent to the shores of the black sea back in the days of ancient russia , the mention of chumaks, as such, appears in the forties of the 16th century. the flourishing of this special class of the little russian society. it began in the second half of the eighteenth, these chumaks were to a

large extent the descendants of the pakhahovites. they were not serfs as long as there was serfdom. it is clear that the horse and weapons are not used to childhood and a certain discipline in relation to the chieftains, who themselves chose this, betrayed some special such features from native forces to chubachism. chumaks left in may for nikola vesny and returned in october on the covers of the turnovers because of the season they made three or four. the trips went along the left bank of the dnieper through the zaporizhzhya steppes to the perekup isthmus, they went in a convoy consisting of 40 to 100, azov. in each load of at least a ton, a couple or four shafts of animals were slow, but hardy and unpretentious when chumaki hmm stayed in their native villages. they have always taken the best care of their cattle. they gave them the best food, and cooked on the way and before the road. e. hmm shafts. on the way they were rubbed with straw so that

they were so fluffy, and their horns were sometimes rubbed with the help of festive and elegant glass, it was this procession after buying salt, as a rule, they were taken to the chuman capital of starokonstantinov on khmelnichenne or kryukov today. this is the district of kremenchug and from there ataman sent goods to customers by the middle of the 19th century, the chumaks were monopolists. in this market, annually exporting from the crimea up to 130,000 tons of salt. at the end of the 18th century, after the annexation of novorossia, the government began, that is, to remake these dudes. the way of the way to the present acts means, uh, to dig these wells. uh, premiums appeared there about every 25 kilometers and, uh, small settlements of the station to my grandfather, most of all lyuba was that chumakov would pass every day to azov 50 people, you know, experienced people would go to tell only to hang their ears. among

chumaki's fellow villagers were in authority for their courage, education, because chumatsky, campaigns are not for wimps and generosity, the state respected them for their honesty and discipline. 200,000 people of military duty came out of themselves from the fact that they are much more useful for the armed forces precisely with their chumat carts, when there was the crimean war, it was the chumat carts and the armies were also dragging, which means that the heroes of kochuman life also carried military equipment and food, and the theme of the long road attracted not only writers monotonously. a dragging convoy in the middle of the vast expanses of the steppe, a favorite subject of many russian artists of the 19th century. more than once ivan ivazovsky addressed him in his work. whose picture of chumaki in little russia is presented in the russian museum.

in this work, aivazovsky refers to the extremely rare motif of the winter land landscape in his work, both in his seascapes in his marinas and in the image expanse steppe. uh, aivazovsky retains his romantic intonation. safer than the russian museum of ethnography, unique evidence of the work of the chumaks themselves is stored, being deeply religious after the campaign, they always went to the temple, and in addition to prayers, they brought as a gift crosses and salt icons on dried flounder. they are oil-painted on both sides. e, the images are applied is the image of the most holy theotokos on the one hand and on the other hand the image of jesus christ e, the object itself is fish yes, the flounder is known to be the image of a fish. he is in in general, it was a symbol of jesus christ of god for everything , the chumaks, as the people sang them themselves, composed

a song about separation about their native home, and the long and dangerous path, how brave they were, they were just as superstitious, and on a long journey they certainly took a rooster, which rode with the ataman on the first vazum. here is the presence of a rooster. eh, it also had such a hmm uh such an aspect connected and also, again, with the spiritual life with experiences. yes, the chumak of this long journey, the rooster, as if uh was uh, a reminder of the house, like barge haulers shipping company, than hellish fishing brought to naught the rapid construction of railways, which, by the way, were largely laid in the same places where salt was fumbling, chumaks halos of this profession still retain both ukrainian and russian surnames chumakov chumak chumachenko olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev typical, ukraine that's all we wanted to tell. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. good luck to you.

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welcome home hundreds of thousands of people came out to celebrate the incorporation of the donetsk luhansk republic of zaporozhye kherson region into the russian federation russia is doing everything to ensure security, revive the economy and restore the legions. vladimir putin emphasized how they would become part of our country