crisis, how the world escaped nuclear war materials of our program. changes on liberty island today's cuba report from the scene caribbean crisis and andrey mironov theater performance satire from the eighties who got the decision time? if television survives in 2082, it will not replace any neural networks built directly into the pupils, of course there will be an international review program, its team will dedicate the issue to the sixtieth anniversary of the crisis of 2022, the island and the fateful one in advance, we urge you not to miss out on a wonderful distance. the current events will be as understandable and instructive as everything that was now for us 60 years ago at the moment of the existential

clash between moscow and washington in the fall, 62. now is such a moment, either we will agree with the russians, or everything will roll to war. yes, now or never , the military stirs up passions and prevents them from making the right decision. the worst thing is to let the military to the political political, but it's not just the military that many congressmen are on their side. hinted that the president has some personal motives in this crisis on november 6th come before the congressional elections so the president is in a hurry and ready for maximum knocks foolish reasoning if he cared about our chances on november 6th and his chances for the future. i would order an attack on cuba by the way, america would support me, but this crazy risk, the republicans in congress demand an attack on cuba

. they are bluffing to say the president has shown himself incapable of decisive policy. they want to corner you. they all went crazy. they want to start a war. joan kennedy andrei mironov his brother robert yuri vasilyev performance the burden of decision based on the play by fyodor the burlatsky publicist and how it is now they would say a political consultant walked on the stage of the moscow theater of satire in the eighty-sixth year, beloved by the audience, the corpse responded to the call of time and the ministry of culture, referring to the caribbean crisis took place in an emergency room means states.

kennedy's press secretary, played by alexander shirvindt, was called pierre selenger, by the way, alexander anatolyevich's constant partner mikhail derzhavin got the role of the legendary minister of defense robert akmar solid stars, in general. it was decided to carry out the transfer of troops to cuba under the guise of strategic exercises with the relocation of troops, including to chukotka, hence the name of operation anadyr appeared. the plans were developed by a small team of general staff officers, and the group of soviet troops in cuba itself was formed by june

20. heroes of the great patriotic tenth, and according to other sources, july 12 from the baltic ports the first ships with personnel and equipment leave the ship maria ulyanova and the dry cargo ship, khabarovsk, and not only the sailors did not know the end points of the route, but even the captains on the ships loaded with winter clothes packages with dragonflies should be opened in stages, for example, upon reaching a certain point or after passing the strait of gibraltar , opening them, they read to head for cuba and avoid conflict. fuck nato a real flotilla of ships of the ministry of the navy of the ussr people was involved in the transfer of troops equipment was carried by 85 civilian ships, which made 183 flights. the temperature in the holds. could reach 50°. food was given out twice a day at night. in the afternoon, the personnel could not

climb onto the deck due to overflights by american aircraft. on july 25, maria ulyanova arrived in the harbor with the first one and a half thousand military personnel. after 4 days, the remaining main staff brought the ship, latvia later it will become the base for the headquarters. in total , 10 ships arrived during the week of july, more than 43,000 people arrived; the basis was a division with missiles medium-range r-12 and r14 40 installations on september 16, nuclear charges began to arrive to unload ships. and the transportation of missiles through the territory of cuba took place in strict secrecy at night . the cuban missile crisis culminated at the end of october 1962 and was in many ways the pinnacle of the cold war . the soviet-american confrontation had escalated since the end of the 1940s

. remembered in any case, but this year the occasion for a special intensity of tension, if it has not yet surpassed the then one, is approaching it and again there is no certainty whether the fuses will work, will there be enough endurance not to fall into a tailspin? october 14 u2 reconnaissance finds soviet missile launch sites in cuba october 15 cia analysts with the help of soviet traitor oleg pinkovsky determine that these are soviet medium-range ballistic missiles , october 16 pictures show president kennedy options are discussed landing of american troops air strike and sea clouds october 22 kennedy speaks on television and reports on the appearance of soviet missiles in cuba and the imposition of a blockade of the island our

government, as promised, closely watched the soviet military presence october 23 robert kennedy goes to the soviet embassy ambassador dobrynin reports to him that there are no missiles in cuba on october 24, from 10:00 am, the naval blockade comes into force. october 5 is one of the most memorable meetings of the security council soviet representative zorin denies the presence of missiles in response to an american colleague showing their enlarged pictures. on the same day, a meeting of the presidium takes place, at which khrushchev's proposal to exchange missiles is approved on october 26, a message arrives at the white house from abc correspondent john scully on a promise not to attack cuba, and his meeting with kgb resident alexander fomin, who is looking for a diplomatic solution, offering an exchange for the next day, on the radio, khrushchev announced

another condition for the withdrawal of american missiles from turkey october 7th. the black saturday of the cuban crisis is coming. soviet air defenses shoot down american reconnaissance aircraft in cuba. pilot major anderson dies on the night of october 28. dobrynin meets with robert kennedy in his office in the justice building. kennedy makes it clear that his brother is ready to withdraw the missile from turkey on october 28. khrushchev convenes the presidium of the central committee during the meeting, dobrynin called and conveyed the essence of the conversation with kennedy, including that the answer should be received today on sunday khrushchev dictates consent to the message his appeals reached washington faster, they read out on the radio, the missiles in cuba begin to be dismantled, and after a while the united states removes its installation from turkey.

we are talking about the colors of the caribbean crisis with two world-class scientists of the state russian museum allison, without exaggeration, a living classic of history and theory of international relations vladimir pechatnov, an outstanding history of the cold war, a good friend of our program vladimir olegovich was the crisis an inevitable outcome of tension, that is, objective prerequisites prevailed or a subjective factor played a role caribbean crisis occurred at the junction of two problems. the first is the problem of cuba and its defense against the united states, and the second is the problem of a strategic imbalance between the ussr and the usa, that is, everything, of course, in the context of the cold war american confrontation, which was generally a churatorium. well, okay. why cuba was a hot spot the very existence of an ally of the main rival under the nose of the united states was, of course,

fraught with crisis situations ; soviet brigade. the insertions were great because for both sides, but for the usa it is clear for the ussr the loss of cuba. it was not only a question of revolutionary solidarity, but also of geopolitics, since cuba was the most important source of influence of the soviet union in all of latin america, and losing cuba was a serious setback. even the defeat in the cold war, but defending it was different. yes, medium-range missiles were not needed for protection. that would be enough conventional weapons, well, the maximum can be tactical nuclear weapons. so here we come to the second part of your question, namely, the strategic imbalance means that it existed well known to washington and moscow that

the balance of power in this dimension is clearly in favor of the united states khrushchev puke about nuclear weapons and their abundance , he of the soviet union was debunked publicly in the same year in the sixty-second year of a public statement by the us department of defense so repeat both sides knew the real state of affairs, and out of this imbalance. it was possible to go out in different ways was to gradually build up its own strategic forces. to achieve priority, as it generally happened in the sixties in the end, he khrushchev was in a hurry. he didn't want to wait. it was important to him. here in one fell swoop, how to change this balance of power by increasing the number of missiles reachable that could reach the united states he acted from a position of weakness. it's like a trick in a jeans yes, a kind of, but

i wanted to quickly repeat this imbalance in one maneuver with one maneuver to change it into the soviet side. and in general, his entire policy, starting with the sixth ses of the suway crisis , a feature of the 58th years, was, in general, a policy of escalating tension in order to force the west to make concessions, to force respect for the interests of the soviet union to reckon with it. this is the khrushchev form of detente through the intimidation of orders. on may 20, 1962, after returning from bulgaria, khrushchev met in the kremlin with the minister of foreign affairs, gromyko, his deputy mikoyan, and defense minister malinovsky, he shared an idea. how to respond to the castre’s constant requests to increase the soviet military presence in cuba to deploy nuclear weapons there at a meeting of the defense council the next day

, mikoyan was categorically against malinovsky, an active supporter of the cpsu . to the communist party of uzbekistan rashidov, officially, as a specialist in agriculture in a hot climate, he flies to help the socialist cuba, but as part of group ambassador alekseev and the head of the strategic missile forces turquoises. castra, after listening to the proposal takes a day to think it over, it is decided that raul castro in july. on july 10, rashidov delivers a report to the presidium of the central committee to moscow to clarify all the details. foreign partners supported the idea. the presidium votes in support of the plan that malinovsky had previously provided, on july 10, the newest tu-114 test flight over flew from vnukovo to harbor. long -distance route aboard civil aviation officials and

two undocumented passenger commanders grouping of troops on kubeev and the commander of the 43rd missile division statsenko a week later in moscow on a visit, raul castro went home. he is carrying an agreement on the deployment of soviet troops, a group of agricultural specialists and reconnaissance detachments of missile colonels on the calendar on july 17, sixty-two. operation anadyr began the ships went to sea. the potential for a crisis, of course, was. it was laid down, but the subjective factor of voluntarism was required to turn this potential into reality. khrushchev his excitement excitement for sego willingness to go to the rice. on his impatience and his ignorance, because here an obvious miscalculation was made, about which khrushchev and military adviser to

our narcobe dementyev warned that it would be impossible to hide missiles from the americans. there is a side to the fact that in the united states in the united states there will be a shock when they learn about the result of the deployment of the soviet, er, professor of crisis, set an example and zadorny in adventurism. and the curbing of ambitions, which was more the caribbean crisis perfectly illustrates the clash of recklessness and responsibility to fortunately, as we know rationality prevailed , of course, khrushchev's decision to deploy soviet missiles in cuba was ill- advised. later, his own colleagues called it reckless adventurism. although the launch of the escalation , by and large, the american side is striving hard. standing khrushchev was the most dangerous moment in the history of mankind, the chance of a nuclear war at first was greater than ever on the other side, when the ussr and the usa almost approached the fatal

line, it was the twelfth and 13 days of missile escalation. each of the states started make attempts to find a way out of khrushchev’s proposal to dismantle the missiles deployed in cuba in exchange for receiving confirmation from kennedy that the americans are not occupying the island and kennedy’s desire to negotiate a secret agreement with the ussr exchange of nuclear strikes of vladimir and what do you think, how without covenant coexistence with caution was both, and responsibility and without responsibility of the parties, by the way, not only the soviet country often forgets that the body is cheaper. well, firstly, the announcement of a naval blockade is already an act of war, unlike the deployment of soviet missiles, which were not strictly a violation of international law, and secondly, kennedy's ultimatum of october 22 with

an open public demand to withdraw all soviet strategic weapons from the island. it was also a risk. and what if khrushchev had not been afraid , kennedy had, unlike khrushchev, the possibility of a diplomatic settlement of the crisis? do something confidential channels and not only through dobrynin well, okay, dobrynin was not in the know, then all the matter did not even receive instructions from moscow, but gromyko was in washington on a social visit to the white house on october 18th. this is in 2 days. after the americans found out about the missiles, and chenade wanted to talk about cuba, but chenade never directly asked him if you had these weapons there or not. well, probably, because by that time the americans did not yet know what to do, but at least, judging by the documents, this issue even the question of how to remove this crisis

diplomatically and confidentially was not discussed, it was not even discussed by the whites, as for responsibility, it generally came after irresponsibility. yes , as a reaction to this mutual mutually willingness to take a big risk when the parties both sides were arguing. simply put, and through such mutual concessions and help to save face, help each other, and from both sides. they were able to move away from this edge. the caribbean crisis provided extensive material for theoretical understanding problems of containment and what is called controlled escalation, but in the process of crisis , leaders are their advisers, because they did not proceed from scientific algorithms. and probably out of his own instincts, or something, who had been crunching since their first and only meeting, and so on very much, yes, the wall in june in vienna in 1951 gave the impression of kennedy as a weakling. which will tremble in case of

something, and, as far as i know, khrushchev warmed up this impression and then ours went to dobrynin was menshikov, who was clearly not dobrynin yes and here he is, while adding fuel to the fire, guessing us this excitement khrushchev's superiority complex, here is what was said verbatim there in one of the telegrams, but the americans will generally put on their pants if they find themselves in this situation, in this case khrushchev blinked the first, but it is interesting that e and kennedy on the eve of october 25 in his next message. took a slightly softer tone. because he made sure the blockade didn't work. everything is already on the island . weapons have already been brought in enough. there must be some other steps and in response to this softer message, it means that kennedy khrushchev has already answered in

full on the 26th. generally. hint that he is ready to withdraw all weapons, just in the sixty-second year came out, the first such pioneering work of the famous american internationalist charles autumn, which was called alternative to e-e war or capitus. here he proposed a scheme for overcoming the crisis, which he called e, i'm not mistaken graduated. e, mutually graded reciprocity reduction of international tension , the essence of this algorithm was that some the side initiates the first concessions, but does it in such a way as not to create a feeling of weakness. keeping the strategic sequence here in the expectation that the other side will reciprocate. and with each concession thus reciprocated, trust grows between both sides, which allow them to descend. here, along this spiral, so to speak, where are the

escalations, but i don’t think that you still have time to read a book of music in your hand then graham and you did a lot. after all, it is precisely the theoretical aspects of escalation mechanisms that nuclear strategies well described in the literature. for example, herman kandy has searches when two sides collide, one of which has an advantage on the next step of the escalation stairs. she has a temptation and even the need to move to a new round if the state receives benefits. this significantly changes the position of the opponent, which can sometimes help resolve the conflict when kennedy announced the obl? the us was in a more advantageous position than the ussr because a priori had large military resources in the region. assess the situation with your on the other hand, the ussr saw an enemy with superior military capabilities; the

us territorial proximity was at a distance of 90 miles. the ussr was 7,000 miles away from the bay. the decision to jump to the next step with collation in order to create more favorable conditions for yourself. maybe in some cases, the right strategy, back in his time, just during the crisis, he formulated while explaining to his colleagues in the presidium of the central committee his methodology, so to speak. he compared the situation. raise the tension. yes, a glass that even if you fill it up completely. then the force of the surface tension of the liquid will keep the water from overflowing. that's all art, - i say, it's good that the liquid does not overflow. we now have a live broadcast and the reason for today's meeting is the inclusion of the representatives of slovakia, poland , germany and greece in the list of speakers. today we have not a debate, but

a briefing. we already know the position of these countries very well, we know it. the representative of the european union could perfectly sum up nothing but the desire to appear on national television screens. we don't see it. before mr. chairman, we asked you to be more careful in compiling the list of speakers at the meetings. he under me questions. mr. chairman, we note the briefing by the deputy general staff for political affairs, rosemary de carlo, and the resident coordinator. he is elected in ukraine before. small see that the secretary is the secretariat. he finally attended to the plot with the destruction of civilian infrastructure. unfortunately, again one-sidedly, we did not hear a word about the destruction that kiev has been causing for 8 years and continues to cause in the donbas early, as i am

a victim among its civilian population from blows. the monstrous attacks of kiev against such objects of civilian infrastructure as the crimean bridge, the shelling of the apu, the zaporizhzhya nuclear power plant and kakhovskaya, remain without any secret reaction. the need to convene our today's meeting, our western colleagues motivated the intensification of strikes on ukrainian infrastructure and civilian facilities from the russian side. let's figure it out how things really are. over the past two months, the ukrainian regime and its western patrons, apparently in euphoria, from some tactical advance of the ukrainian troops along the lines achieved at the cost of astronomical losses in manpower and equipment, interrupted in every way the thesis that russia had allegedly exhausted its material human resources. resources. and is about to begin to begin to lose on the battlefield.

at the same time, ukrainian strategies of curating their western masters have long been using terrorist sabotage methods in the russian territory. there are a lot of examples, well, the apogee of their efforts was the terrorist attack on the crimean bridge on october 8, committed by the ukrainian special services, four people were killed, the road was partially destroyed, along which the population of the peninsula is supplied with food, medicines and other vital goods. ukrainian officials, including deputy prime minister head of the cia ministry of digital transformation of ukraine mikhail fedorov and adviser to the minister internal affairs of ukraine anton gerashchenko openly savored this crime. enthusiastic messages were published on the official account of the ministry of defense and although kiev, apparently pulled up by its western masters, very quickly, according to tradition, tried to turn the arrows on russia, the minister of foreign affairs of ukraine dmitry kuleba

confirmed the video that got into the internet. what is kiev behind the attacks on the crimean bridge in the belgorod region ? here are his words, which have become available to a million users, i quote? if you ask me who blows up in the crimea or belgorod in private communication, i’ll tell you that yes, we are the end of itat, because we are residents of donbass on eight years of bitter experience, we know what the kiev regime is capable of, it was decided to cool the militant fervor that exploded kiev terrorists with high- precision russian -made missiles hit a large number of military facilities, as well as infrastructure facilities that undermine the military capabilities and potential of zelensky's anti-people regime, of course such a situation that does not suit the west caused a real hysteria of our western colleagues, which we are witnessing in all its glory at today's meeting. of course they are the same as before. they don’t want to

face the truth and admit that civilian objects were damaged only in those cases when the drones were shot at the very target by ukrainian terobona detachments and deviated from the original course because of this. or, when ukrainian air defense missiles flew into civilian objects and were not able to intercept their targets in such cases recorded abound, including on video, anyone can familiarize themselves with them on the internet. now ukraine, its western patrons are trying to spin another fake, and, allegedly, iranian uavs were delivered to russia. in violation of security council resolution 22:31 , we also reject any attempts to involve the secretariat in this unscrupulous game, an example of which is the letter from germany to france and great britain distributed today in the security council with actual calls to the un secretariat to violate article 100 of the un charter and

mandate prescribed to them by a note to the president of the security council, he from 2016-44 dated january 16, 2016. the united states went even further and in their letter directly demanded that the secretariat conduct an investigation, for which that secretariat was not authorized. this is an egregious situation and we have presented our legal assessments in a response letter that we circulated prior to this meeting. we are waiting for an exhaustive confirmation from the secretariat that it does not intend to follow the violation of the charter, it will not carry out these instructions of the westerners no investigation. if the un experts, for the sake of the western capitals, will nevertheless engage in some pseudo-branching, unreasonably, referring to the provision of resolution 22-31. we can review the entire range of our relations with the un secretariat on impartiality, which in this case can no longer be discussed. dear colleagues,

today's css show is also a kind of smoke hover for the kiev regime and its patron, the west diligently creates for the kiev regime the image of an innocent victim of russian aggression, which needs constant military assistance last week, new deliveries of military products from kiev to the united states were announced in favor of precisely those systems that showed the greatest lethality against the population of donbass and the liberated territory in the united states will transfer another batch of m142 hammers rso and m31 gms high-precision guided missiles to kiev as well as aviation anti-rudder missiles hgm 88 harm from paris kiev will again receive artillery installations caesar with a caliber of 155 mm supplies of 155 mm kiev announced germany to its

population to the leadership of these countries. explains that these weapons are supposed to help the zelensky regime in protecting ukraine. let's see what they are actually used for. according to the dpr, the lpr only in the territory controlled by the republics from february to october , more than 10,000 sentiments and more than 2,000 civilian infrastructure facilities were damaged by ukrainian shelling with the use of heavy weapons, including 424 educational and 109 medical institutions for these attacks were actively used by american mlrs. the french caesars also managed to show their power in an unequal battle with residential buildings, schools and other civilian objects directly from french weapons since june of this year, at least 5 people have been killed in donetsk. there were injured more than 64 buildings were destroyed. apu strikes

deep into russian territory civilian targets and civilian infrastructure a woman was killed by a cluster warhead and four houses were damaged. the long-suffering village of tetkino, kursk region, which since spring have been subjected to massive shelling by the armed forces, despite the absence. there, two people were injured at military facilities on october 13, under ukrainian fire, they ended up in an apartment building in belgorod, shelling was fired, the village of krasny customs point in the shebekinsky urban district and other civilian objects. just literally on the eve of our meeting, i completely destroyed destroyed industries in this area. it is worth recalling that earlier in this area, just like in donetsk, in isu,

remote mining systems were actively and indiscriminately used against the civilian population, including petal mines, on october 16, two civilians were shelled at residential buildings in nikolsky international named after shukhov, belgorod, were injured on october 18, the ukrainian military once again shelled the village of belya beryozka, bryansk region. on the same day, six settlements attacked the height. kursk region suffered a woman destroyed a number of housing constructions, put out of action several power lines. prior to this, ukrainian saboteurs repeatedly tried to commit sabotage against the kursk nuclear power plant. only at the beginning of october they were subjected to selective artillery shelling by the armed forces, including with the use of the aforementioned american missiles. harm, more than 30 peaceful settlements were subjected, belgorod and belgorod itself. at the same time, kiev, encouraging, encouraged by its western curators, openly brows this.

is it really in kyiv and covering its capitals in seriously. seriously, they think we'll put up with it. using an indulgence, but any criminal acts issued by its western curators, the zelensky regime consistently strikes at the civilian infrastructure of its former territories , shelling the city of nova kakhovka in the kherson region for five months. up to 120 missiles fly in a day, of which most are americans, and the ukrainians aim them specifically at the kakhovka dam in order to break through it and cause, thereby, an increase in the water level, which will lead to flooding of the lying territories. in such a scenario, thousands of civilians could die, thousands of housing constructions would be affected, we circulated a letter today to the security council calling on the un leadership to prevent this

heinous provocation. zaes, will receive serious damage, not to mention a full-scale man-made accident with radiation release. kyiv doesn't care. he is ready to make any human sacrifice in order for nato to continue the proxy war with russia and the supply of weapons to ukraine, we constantly imitated the leadership about these egregious incidents, however , we have not heard any clear reaction from him so far. . ukrainian militants managed to seriously damage the kakhovka antonov bridges across the dnieper, through which the inhabitants of kherson received food, medicine, and so on, another attempt to destroy the antonov bridge was undertaken on october 19 by russian systems. air defense managed to protect this object. moreover, for these attacks, again , the american system is used. haymax, their own ukrainian

militants previously used to strike at the place of detention of prisoners from a non-nazi battalion, azov elena is another monstrous illustration of how the kiev authorities actually treat peaceful lines, their cruel reprisals against their compatriots who chose russia on september 29 shot the column podkupyansky cars, which were going to leave the territory of ukraine towards russia about 30 people were killed on september 30, you again fired at refugees who were leaving for the liberated territories of the zaporozhye region. 30 people and 88 people were killed on the spot. we were wounded yesterday, the twentieth of october. the apu was fired on a flat crossing, along which civilians were evacuated, fleeing the ukrainian shelling of provocations. as a result of this crime, there are dead, wounded, including journalists and children

on october 4, an open video message was published, 38 servicemen of the eighth company, third regiment, 25 assault brigade troops. vsu, in it. they reported that they had received criminal orders to massacre the civilian population of the kharkov region. the ministry of internal affairs of ukraine recently made a statement about the start of measures to search for the enemies of ukraine within the framework of which up to 40 so-called potential collaborators are detained in the settlements of kharkiv region per day, who are then interrogated by special services. what about these people is happening, then he showed videos posted on the social network on october 9 by a member of the ukrainian armed forces of the ex-commander of the nazi unit azov maksim zhorin . zhorin himself signed that they were residents of the city, kupyansk,

kharkov region. supply, in the comments i quote retribution will be. the metadata of the video is that it was recorded a little more than half an hour before the publication of the corpse in warm clothes corresponding to the weather conditions of october, russian troops let me remind you that there are no kupyanskie at the beginning of september. everything suggests that these unfortunate people became victims of extrajudicial reprisals by the ukrainian nazis as part of the cleansing of the city, where there is even a word of condemnation of these actions by the western delegation. your silence is better confirmation that, despite all the hypocritical statements, no one in the west cares about the fate of the civilian population of ukraine, you prefer to cover up this criminal regime, which has gathered radicals and outright nazis into nationalists to help it commit provocations and promote russia's lies and actions towards the russian search. by the way, i would like to remind you again that despite all the reminders, we did

not receive the names of these people in the list of victims of the ukrainian location in the future in april. this once again confirms that the kiev authorities have nothing to present to confirm their accusations and positions, our western colleagues are trying to pretend that nothing needs to be proved, it is enough just to take the word of any statements of the representatives of the kiev regime. mr. chairman, before concluding, i would like to warn in advance that today i will not listen to another batch of vicious terrors of representatives of the ukrainian regime within the walls of the security council and who will give him some strange and vicious pleasure that he gets from this. i think that everyone who got acquainted. his recent insulting comments about russian diplomats on social networks will be understood. what i'm talking about, unfortunately, such antics reflect the current state of ukrainian diplomacy is evidence of inability and unreadiness for any kind of

dialogue not to mention civilians thank you this was a live broadcast of the un security council and the russian permanent representative. vasily nebenzya responded to the accusation of western countries and commented on the next fakes, including the alleged supply of iranian drones to this topic. we will be back, but now the continuation of the international vision program. over the edge here but if the tension coefficient, you can probably calculate mathematically, then in real life in crisis conditions of complex psychology the human factor and so on, of course, it’s probably impossible to calculate when the overflow will begin, but it’s so similar to russian roulette, a very expensive and very dangerous way out of the crisis, as far as the current situation is concerned, and here and there the use of nuclear weapons is clearly already. but then it was, in my opinion, more obvious, and on both sides there was

this readiness. cuba for the usa then looked a bit like ukraine for today's russia. that is, a situation where the external player then was the ussr and in the karelian crisis. now it's the united the states are trying to fit in. so to speak, soft under the belly and his and cause him there the maximum maximum damage. well, what about the differences? they are certainly, i think, even more significant than the likeness. well, first of all, the nuclear threat. the current one arises against the backdrop of ongoing large-scale hostilities. this already makes the situation more dangerous, given that the situation on the ground is independent of will. uh, leadership can get out of hand and the crisis provides a few examples where this has happened and it's just through a happy coincidence.

circumstances. just luck. uh, they didn't escalate where and second, of course, the current situation. it plays out in a completely different global context. this is a global world. and we see how even tension itself, even the threat of using these weapons, leads to the fact that the world economy, world finances are under attack by the energy security of dozens of dozens of countries, but simply the standard of living on the planet of hundreds of millions of people is already suffering from tension alone. graham maybe now is the time to raise the stakes, we need an escalation to begin to emerge from the crisis. if i were an adviser in moscow or washington, i would say that we have already raised the stakes enough to understand how bad things will get. if nuclear weapons are used in the current

circumstances, both russia, vladimir putin and the united states, joseph and biden must look for ways out of the crisis. i know that some attempts are being made, but there should be more in my opinion. we've escalated enough to start to negotiate already at the current stage a student at harvard, for example, it is now difficult to imagine that a nuclear catastrophe is still possible. the threat of a nuclear collision is not far behind the nuclear arsenal of both russia and the united states are large enough to destroy entire states. we still live in a world of mutually assured destruction, if the current conflict ends in a large-scale nuclear war between the united states and russia, both states will disappear thanks. we talked with professor vladimir printed from mgimo and professor graham allison of harvard. born into a jewish family in berlin, survived the war in

holland, was an ardent supporter of leftist ideas, worked in yugoslavia, the gdr, but after his arrest became an inveterate anti-communist. on the stroller is written castro , a drawing from a south african newspaper, a dietand look, not that across the ocean, but from another continent , the word cuba and the usa written in africans. it used to be called the boer language. perhaps the most famous caricatures of the caribbean crisis are arm wrestling in the sixty-second year from the artist. leslie allen carter is marked on the bombs. h -bomb briton michael kamensk on the features of deterrence in the context of the cold war bomb. the nuclear inscriptions on both sides are clear, the same, none can be used the retaliatory strike is not averted in the soviet friends of the karev crisis knew much less, however, they wrote and drew about the cuban revolution, of course,

a lot here is a poster of the sixty-second year, hands away from cuba, a drawing by yuli gangfa and magazine crocodile. it's about the attempted invasion of cuba in 1961. all images are great recognizable. finally, the cover of crocodile magazine for the sixty-third year. this is the denouement of events. fidel's visit. castro in moscow is festive. it reminds of the fatality of a nuclear war, but there are also optimists from the contrary in 1962. the ussr tried to do something quite rational to place medium-range missiles in cuba that could compensate for the lack of a long-range missile. actions. they were built too slowly. the ussr began a program of intercontinental missiles of all kinds. they were so huge that managed to wield only six. but then it

became clear that they could not be used . the caribbean crisis. this showed that nuclear weapons are more useless in practice than a water gun. oh , okay, they are crushing the power of the whole world into dust , too powerful to be used, let's say you fight with melee weapons, then the gun is more effective than the machine gun, all the more, and it's possible, the efficiency grows until it reaches the ceiling, and in this moment applicability. let's say it ends. you are terribly angry about something on your eight-year-old son and you have a weapon in your hands. first of all, you will put weapons aside, and then you will deal with them, as well as with nuclear weapons, no matter how you call it, no matter how you decorate and improve it. it is impossible to use it is impossible, even if someone gives the order to use it, it will not be used. well, yes, this is god, but somehow uncomfortable. we have never compared

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that will become a part of your life. finding a lot of work always requires emotional strength, and here it is important to support a person in this situation. it seems to me that a profession is very important and a person needs a person to be in demand in a job search. job employment center russia your work is our work. dedicated to those for whom they chose how to spend a vacation, a cheeseburger or chickenburger for 39 rubles. only in the application it’s delicious and that’s the point vladimir petrovich lukin is an outstanding scientist, diplomats, politician, and he himself remembers the cuban missile crisis and talked a lot with its direct participants. i am sitting in the graduate school of the world economy of

international relations and reading something with rapture some texts that i needed professional special wounds, there was suddenly a person bursting into the special crane. subsequently yury ilyich rubinsky, who turned out to be one of our most prominent and respected experts on france in french politics, and says they are approaching, they are approaching . some. i wasn't very scared. apparently, due to the fact that the general was such a mood of spring that was not frightening, and in october the mood i don’t know the experience of the spring of a political spring, but on the other hand,

sides. probably because, to be honest, i thought that at some stage an agreement was inevitable. with agree, why did i not really understand then? now? i think that, nevertheless, in such times, in such a situation, when time, as it were, accelerates during times of severe, decisive crises, the strongly subjective factor a rises . two people played a decisive role in the subjective factor and nikita sergeevich khrushchev and, uh, both active participants in world war ii they are from the generation that knew what war was for real. e, of course, e leaders then had military experience and understood the dangers, but after all,

any war conflict is also a passion. this is the desire for victory, as you think. what role did this play, in addition to all the calculations that, probably, that was exactly the game of chance that was going on, well, you understand, every human dispute is excitement, uh, a person is arranged in such a way that sports, well, less in the world by 50% does not consist of comparison cold arguments and the desire to reveal the truth together. this is the ideal of the dispute, but they are the dispute itself, and in the dispute there are many charismatic here, of course, in the summer, and the sixty-second year for a meeting, and at the meeting, the first at the first summit khrushchev and kennedy they did not greatly underestimate each other, and then both leaders are already in progress. here is an increase in the steps of

moving up the steps of the crisis, we realized the most important issues. this is when kennedy was told, reported to him by generals e during a meeting of the executive committee of the national security council. how many people will die if a conflict starts with nuclear use? uh, he was told that about someone's these americans, can suffer said? no, this is unacceptable to us for anything ever. in no way. and i think that khrushchev had a similar feeling. although there are no documents on this subject, i had conversations with sergo to stay than mikoyan. uh, the famous politburo member and leader anastasia ivanovich mikoyan and based on them. i think that something like this was, by the way, mikoyan from the very beginning had serious reservations about the idea,

apparently, khrushchev’s is being treated. here are the movements of, uh, a group of troops, including nuclear factor to cuba yes, that's about the reservations. uh, after all, only 2 years have passed and this crisis, which, it seems, was supposed to show how right we are, and khrushchev was incriminated as an example, it means voluntarism and irresponsibility and his own associates, does this mean that it was still e the decision is exclusively or mainly his, or simply those who supported at one moment, then opportunistically decided to change how the idea personally came up. in nikit sergeevich's head, but he began to discuss it, as far as i can judge from my he was the first to tell such subjective data, just

told mikoyan. he was the most trusted person in khrushchev's bureau for that period of time, and he told him. uh, about this idea , mikoyan spoke out against this idea, that is, she did not speak out. and in private conversations with a certain sergeevich, at the same time, malinovsky actively supported the minister of defense with them at that time. and when this question began to be discussed more widely, uh, there was a meeting of uh poliro, if i am not mistaken, in the month of june, and it unanimously came out in favor. i understand that there was unanimity then, but say properties. eh, but nonetheless. uh, it was a unanimous decision, including the vote. mikoyan, everyone spoke in favor of exactly the same as everyone spoke out. uh, for the cancellation for the withdrawal of troops, then uh missiles, but the responsibility, of course, lies

with the politburov as a whole. and although the idea did not belong to sergeevich, then in the soviet union there was no great publicity and our compatriots knew little, unlike the americans, who, therefore, held their breath. that's all the same, if we abstract a little from the caribbean crisis and look more broadly, bearing in mind today's public opinion as a whole in crisis situations, when prestige is called on the cone, or in any case, as it is understood, it ultimately plays the role of inflating or appeasing. you know, you are actually asking the question fyodor aleksandrovich is the majority always right? it is not always true, and history has clearly proven this, in

many, many, many parameters. was the majority right, which demanded that our tsar nicholas ii punish the japanese for bad behavior? seriously punish so right was the majority, which demanded to start a war against the germans? which led to what she led in stages to solzhenitsyn's red wheel. i think that in a crisis situation, when both. we have already said the subjective fact of odessa is growing , the great importance of secret diplomacy is growing is of great importance. that's the case with the caribbean crisis. yes, he played a huge role. uh, played by two people. in this secret diplomacy well actually secrets because not because they didn't know that

it goes, but because it was not known what it was about. this, of course, is primarily anatoly fedorovich dobrynin, uh, there was also a closed channel , also connected with the daily rent, but still, dobrynin played a decisive role in this, primarily uh at his meetings with robert kennedy with the brother of president kennedy, and there, uh, it was required very subtle and very skillful diplomacy in order for the ultimatum that was originally put forward, the united states either take away or we start on october 30, uh, start the attack, uh and in the time of naim, only the most approaching ships during the blockade. it was required there. uh, very skillful diplomacy to turn it all into a compromise solution and of course it was done. this is a great merit and the second point, because we do not always

talk about it directly, but a very acute situation developed in relations between moscow and hawaii as soon as these sergeevich were immediately open on the radio. he said that he was fulfilling the requirements for the withdrawal of missiles, but fidel castro was not told about this in a timely manner, and he was very offended, and offended by fidel. castro could lead to anything, including the fact that it was simply physically impossible to remove these missiles with all the ensuing consequences, and here an outstanding role, of course, played on stas ivanovich mikoyan, who arrived in cuba at the very beginning of november and in very difficult and difficult negotiations , given the personal good attitude towards