the mechanism of conflict escalation, how are the materials of our program brewing? next week, indonesia will host a summit meeting of the g20 of the most representative group of leading states in the world. never since the emergence of this format have leaders gathered in such a tense international environment. although the twenty itself is a product of the general world crises. in the late nineties, the asian financial crisis showed the vulnerability of the international financial system, it became clear the key, developing countries need to meet more often, and the g8 format is not enough. thus , in 1999, the g20 appeared at a conference in berlin. these countries are home to 2/3 of the world's population. they account for the same, 2/3 of world trade and 85% of the world gross

national product, initially gathered ministers, finance and bank leaders, but since 2008, during the financial crisis, the status of the twenty has grown to the main state and government. from the side. it was more like an emergency meeting. the first anti-crisis summer took place in november 2008. you are washington dc next in april 2009 in london and in september the twenty gathered assembly preparations. the development of agreements is carried out by the so-called sherpa, the trustee of the country of the chairmanship. decisions are made by consensus, but are not binding and are subject to approval by the international monetary fund, the world bank and other financial and economic organizations. character in in 2013, in st. petersburg, putin and obama

discussed the syrian crisis. the result was an agreement on the chemical destruction of the board in 2014 in the australian brizbine, the ukrainian crisis was in the spotlight in 2019 vladimir putin and donald trump discussed the situation in syria iran venezuela and ukraine last year in rome in addition to climate problems happened on the iranian nuclear program president indonesia is no exception setting the agenda and prioritizing sustainable development the challenge of global inequality. improving the quality of people's lives, protection, health, everything is urgent and long-term, but the current stories

are constantly being pushed aside. forever. we must understand that a situation in which 1 billion people control the other 6 billion controls a huge share of the world economy. it's an extremely unbalanced world. it's time to think about creating new coalitions, for example, russia china india perhaps intonation to strengthen this part of the world and here one should not rely only on the twenty, that there is a development agenda to clarify other topics, even the russian ukrainian problem from the twenty. this is not why we are seeking to create a new global health architecture. to be prepared for a future pandemic, indonesia has prepared a proposal to ensure the strength of supply chains , especially in strategically important sectors such as food and energy. we try to involve the work of representatives of civil society, primarily religious organizations, in this year, the ukrainian conflicts, its consequences, defining topics, no matter what

military-political rivalry is on the official agenda, is a phenomenon. not only europe is aware of this, the southeast and especially the asia-pacific region is turning into a space for a new confrontation, the main issue of the united states and the new nation. this is all related to the alliances that the americans are creating the main problem is the increasingly intense competition between large countries, primarily the us china around the taiwan issue 3 months ago, when the friction intensified sharply. we immediately felt this in our supply and food chains. the energy carriers very much hope that all the major countries of the us china russia will rely more on multilateral solutions and less on the unilateral use of force. whether it be economic or military, because both of them are destructive, all the strong countries in our region risk turning into russia in the eyes of the united states, and

small territories, for example, taiwan, are threatened with ukrainization, the way russia was treated at first excluded from the decision-making process, and now imposing unprecedented sanctions can happen to anyone. we are all interested in the world becoming more balanced vladimir putin will not go to bali, personal participation would attract more attention to the forum, but the degree of confrontation would increase considerably, most likely other topics. the experience of the polarization of the twenty would simply lose its meaning, one can recall in the presence of putin in australia in 2014. in 2014, vladimir putin's visit to the australian g20 summit took place against the backdrop of a sharp deterioration in relations with the west, moscow was criticized for its position on ukraine and was blamed for the crash of a malaysian boeing that fell on the territory of the dpr

. the russian embassy reported that the organization of the visit was going through difficulties. many requests to meet the president's accommodation are ignored at the russian leader's airport minor members of the australian government, while the first persons of australia were not far away, and in a few minutes they met angela merke and the senzin. the first day itself is the country's leading newspaper courier. i printed two words on the front page. excuse me. offer the russian president to apologize for the plane crash, and the next day the publication came out with the image of a russian bear in a fur hat with the coat of arms of the ussr on his chest attacking an australian kangaroo, then the media gloatingly quoted canadian prime minister stephen

harper, who greeted the president of russia with a cold handshake and a demand to get out of ukraine, to which putin replied that this was impossible, since the russian army was not there, another demonstrative action took place during an official luncheon, when the presidents of russia of brazil were together at a large table, and during the general photographing, putin was generally offered a place on the edge. as a result, the president of russia left the g20 ahead of schedule, citing the need to rest before a long flight. british the guardian interpreted the act as a manifestation of weakness, while the president himself said that all the issues outlined had been discussed. and not without irony noted that the summit was held in a benevolent atmosphere. be that as it may, the confrontational mood will grow and the functionality of the twenty was in question until recently it seemed. this structure is turning into a real body, if not

world management, then coordination, in contrast to the seven or regional organizations. it is representative, unlike the classical institutions of the un system, it is flexible and adaptable. focused on practice than not a prototype of a new architecture. however, the split, which became apparent due to the ukrainian confrontation. he showed the potential for interaction is limited, and it's not only in russia that, apart from western and non -western participants, they see differently about what and how to theoretically talk about twenty. it should be precisely the space of compromise that the practical goal of the us and allies is to get their agenda approved, and the rest are interested. in this, we dare to assume less and less what will grow? question on the forums structures of a different type, those that unite countries are closely related to each other, including geographic and really facing

common, most applied problems of security and development, are also not a panacea, but there can be more sense in the united states, midterm elections were held exactly in the middle between presidential voters expressed for the new composition of the house of representatives, the third senate was updated elected governors of a number of states, the vote is considered to be a kind of plebiscite, which evaluates the work incumbent head of state. joe biden can not boast of high ratings. but here it is trust, although uncertain received contrary to the expectations of a resounding success. the republicans didn't happen. although control over the lower house. they seem to have found a synapse while in limbo. on the eve of the elections to the bookmakers, they bet that the republicans would confidently take the majority in

the senate. the first news of the westernmost us territory of the island of guam in the series optimism. there , the republicans elected their own for the first time in 30 years. delegate to congress with an advisory vote, then republican governor rondesantis won florida with a crushing score, but after that, the red wave, named because of the color of the republican party, which was supposed to dislodge the democrats, subsided. but other news came in pennsylvania, there was a shortage of ballots in some places. they simply were not voters. stubbornly stood in line a similar situation developed, in some other states it got to the point that the voters in arizona were addressed donald trump don't step out of line. stay where you are. they say the machines don't work bulletins are gone. the main thing is not to leave, as you are being forced to do so, meanwhile,

rand paul and the infamous conspiracy theorist margaret taylor green were able to get re-elected without any problems. however, the brightest democrat, alexandria acasio cortes, also went to congress from new york. no problem with most. in 70% of the votes. head of the lower house. nancy pelosi also made it through the election successfully. however, the network began to appear materials about possible voter fraud, for example, they wrote that a polling station employee was in this video. philadelphia is the traditional fiefdom of the democrats, they openly mark the ballots with massive breakdowns of electoral machines, allegedly. because of the same low- quality ballots. they only added fuel to the fire of the exit pool of the tv company. cnn showed that 73% of americans are unhappy with the way things are going. this literally discouraged those who commented on the course of these elections for voters , questions about inflation or the law on

abortion, the host was so upset with the results that she even said, you know what is missing in these 1 2 3 4 5 main issues of democracy. perhaps most bizarre was the news that congress had elected two democrats who had died before the vote could be taken. this is anthony faraway pennsylvania who died on october 9 of cancer at the age of 85, but was re-elected and tennessee representative barbara cooper, aged 93 , died on october 25. she won the race in her district. let's add that in pennsylvania, about which a week ago our correspondent dmitry vershinin won after all, democrat john setterman voters were not embarrassed that the politician did not fully recover from the consequences of a stroke, and he has difficulty speaking most eastern democrats have already started talking that

feterman can become a presidential candidate, but in the republican party, indeed a new star is rising governor of florida. ron desantis, won a landslide re-election in a traditionally swing state that swung sharply to the right under him, there was talk that desantis was a candidate for presidents are more successful than trump himself - this is alarming. he touched the landing team at only 44 years old, he, from an ordinary family, spent most of his childhood in florida, attended a catholic school and played baseball. then he graduated with honors, spruce and harvard received a degree in history and rights while still undergraduate. desantes was promoted to officer and assigned to the corps of the general court of the advocate of the navy in the 2000s served as a prosecutor at the us naval base in her party worked as inmates of the guantan prison and in cuba and then in iraq as

legal adviser, special forces commander in elfolge and romance in 2010, the paratroopers left the military, and in the same year married cassie black tv journalists, local news anchors the couple had three children, later worked as a u.s. attorney in 2011, he published a book in which he was sharply critical of the policies of barack obama and before becoming the governor of florida, he was a member of the house of representatives of the us congress for 5 years, moreover, he flatly refused his pension benefits and medical insurance in 2018, enlisting supported by donald trump desantes, ran for governor of florida and won the republican primaries, overall national popularity came to him during a pandemic, when authorities around the world tightened restrictions on the governor of florida. weakened them did not

require compulsory wearing of masks vaccinations fined a company that required employees to be vaccinated at the same time successfully implemented measures to protect the elderly as a result of the death rate in florida was within the average and the state's economy is one of the nation's best advocate for traditional values ​​has banned discussion of sexual orientation and gender identity in schools. stupid for the open carrying of weapons and against critical racial theory, this is when any white person from birth an exploiter and racist landing party also stated that the story of russian interference in the us elections is fake and demanded that the investigation be stopped. what to expect next, talk to jeffrey sachs , professor at columbia university, he is not only one of the most famous specialists in international development relations, but

a man of bright and independent thinker professor sachs, what will change in american politics after these midterm elections. it looks like the republicans will have a slight advantage in the house of representatives. in this case, biden will have a difficult time. after all, any legislative decision in the united states depends on party interests and, accordingly, the alignment of forces. even if the republicans have one or two votes. this makes it possible to determine the trip that is put up for a vote. what commissions are created investigation when called for a hearing, and they will use it for political purposes, including to help beat the republicans in the 2024 presidential election. this will happen all the more if it also goes to the republicans, but even one chamber will have an impact, it is unlikely that the decisive system is paralyzed as a whole, but you can often hear them experienced polarizations in the

united states, some even talk about the cold civil war. what is the main essence of the contradiction, in some issues the system depends little on the position parties, for example, it concerns decisions. in the economic sphere, the powerful lobbies carry out their line, regardless of whether the republicans are in power or the wall street democrats bod oilmen. big farm. in general, no matter who rules the party polarizations are manifested in the culture wars by the republicans to a large extent of the parties of whites, christians, evangelicals. residents, countryside and small towns. democrats non -white, african-american population minorities urban residents cultural francs set, but in the economy the difference was. it was traditionally believed that the democrats are more pro- poor, and the republicans are the rich, but now the two parties are confused. extremely dependent on large donors

infused with corporate interests. and this dictates policy, for example, now the democrats controlled both chambers and the white house, but conflicts within the party between different corporate lobbies. they prevented what is considered to be a democratic agenda, the conservative wing is closely connected with dollars blocked the initiatives of the progressive wing the american political system has always been distinguished by dynamism, and, so to speak, the ability to renew itself. how did it happen that now both parties, as it were, have no alternative to baidan or trump to both by eighty. i call it the brezhnev era of american politics. well, brezhnev was younger. yes, perhaps, so brezhnev andropov we climbed in a geriatric state. this is unbelievable for biden, he should have retired even if he was a great president, well, it's just about time a new generation of leaders is needed, but the

elderly hold on to power. it's discouraging that the overall bipartisan leadership of congress is past 70 or toward 80. perhaps the point is that us politics is too dependent on funding electoral cycles, the very expensive current midterm elections. cost a total of billions, 15 many billionaires had a hand in it. they must think they are investing candidates who, from their point of view, will ensure the stability of corporate interests, famous historian. arthur schleisinger, jr., he was also an adviser to the president. kennedy 60 years ago, described the cycle of american politics. every 20-40 years there is a change. trend right and left conservatives, progressives and so on. since brond reagan came to the presidency, conservative forces have taken over, relying on big capital and since then. they no longer actually changed democrats. remained on the same track trump was somewhat of an

aberration, but above all because of his erratic personality. he did not change the structure of power, reduced taxes and regulated in the interests of in terms of corporate lobbies, it was no different. on the eve of the us midterm elections, the donkey is traditionally a symbol of the democratic party, and figure a is captioned by the reserve parachute at anchor, if that is written by the badger of the amazing wizard of the country. oz we have this story better known, thanks to the book. volkova the wizard of the emerald city a girl or from kansas in the original dorothy takes away the lesson and her van lands right on the head of the evil sorceress who caused it in our case, also as it is written red wave, drawing by adam sieglitz. dana summers and her campaign hustle. the top picture is the

democratic candidate, and the person on the right. it looks like biden, the lower republicans, and on the left, it’s obvious that trump rendell enos and his drawing of a divided america is here, and so everything is clear without words. on the outlook for the upcoming presidential election, michael and ramirez and his drawing of a shining 2024 are seen to be looking forward to the presidential election campaign. the biden administration often cites russia and putin as the cause of the economic problems. as far as it is, maybe be it just a product of the decisions that we made before, we have been in a very unstable international environment for a long time, since the 2008 crisis. at the end of the last decade, instability worsened because trump unleashed an economic war against china began to destroy value chains. then

the pandemic began. it was destroying everything and the way of life of the world economy the federal reserve system drastically inflated the distribution of money, and this created an inflationary impulse that we still feel military actions in ukraine sanctions sharp rise in energy prices. this all exacerbated the problem of steel on the one hand. it’s just inflation from another contraction of the economy and at the same time the united states is building up an economic war with china . of course, military actions have become an aggravating circumstance, but not the reason for the general destabilization, when businessmen are engaged not in business, but in politics, or rather, in it. it is said that they should do the normal economic logic is discarded. can we expect the us position on ukraine to change as long as there is a feeling that tactical differences are a common goal ? not affected, it is such that russia must be

defeated sooner or later, the americans will get bored with everything and get bored and support for ukraine in an endless war, public opinion in the united states begins to float. this is not a fundamental change, but a gradual loss of enthusiasm, paradoxically, but republicans are much less interested in war than democrats. however, the republicans are divided. there are supporters because of the face. there are factions that are leaning towards russia, there are those who support ukraine, there are logisticians pc democrats. it always surprises me voted for the democratic party, but it is now a neo-conservative party. it's very strange when i was growing up the democrats were the new left parties. my first political experience was at 15 years old. i participated in the protests against the vietnam war are pretty much democratic now. we will hardly find anyone in the party who is against the war 30 congressional progressive democrats issued a letter calling for negotiations by their fellow party members are just

powder. did they all have to withdraw the letter and yet the dynamics are expected. which way is it more people will ask why there are no talks in the american mass media extremely few who would like to understand the history of the issue no one wants to understand what happened to 2014. the maidan of expulsion of yanukovych nobody is interested in 2008 and nobody is interested in inviting ukraine and georgia to nato to look deeper on february 24th. nevertheless, sparks appear who at least ask a question. and what is happening in general, someone does not want it to drag on forever, someone is embarrassed by the prospect of perishing in a nuclear war, some people just don't understand. why is there no diplomatic component shifting just a little bit, if the republicans get the house, we will hear more calls for some kind of negotiations. although few. who understands what kind of

negotiations and what thanks for we talked with professor jeffreysaks. the topic of migration has been extremely acute in recent years, this time it has remained in the shadow of the company of americans, they are more concerned about inflation and the state of wallets, but the problem has not gone away and the republicans do not forget to point out that the situation would add would not get worse, marat sadan's reportage. for six months, buses with migrants from arizona texas stopped near the station buildings directly opposite the capitol, but in mid- september something changed, they began to land directly at the residence of the vice president. kamala grayling, of course, migrants bring not only here to the capital, but also to new york and chicago. according to the latest data, such migrants are only from april to september. about 11,000 people would cross the border, and new arrivals are left for production of destiny. in the middle of the street , the republican state government's message to texas and

arizona is simply that you love migrants in washington. so the biden administration is doing them , the haris are ignoring the situation on the border , exposing texas to great danger for 2 years now. our king of the second plan, haris, was not really at the border , but declares that everything is fine there, so we will continue to send buses in their cities. until the bidens, kharis, start doing something. basically, of course. they are migrants from latin countries. america venezuela colombia nicaragua for many before the us border, this is already a real test. my journey started from home in venezuela. i got to colombia on the chaise longue, crossed the magdalen by boat , then walked through the jungle, reached panama, it was hard. but that's probably how i got to panama then was honduras guatemala and mexico well, the ordeal doesn't end here in arizona. texas holds them in temporary detention centers for identification, then they are waiting

for several days of the road on american highways. i must say that all this pleasure is at the expense of taxpayers, the states of texas, arizona, free court buses on oka, pillows, hygiene products and thermal blankets. it was in texas that they put me on a bus and sent washington driving. i have a little more than a day. and today we were dropped off right here, they didn’t say where we would be dropped off, they said that the stop was washington, dc, in fact, nothing is being done by the budgets. on these suddenly. no one singled out migrants, therefore, care for the neighbor falls on the shoulders, mainly non-profit organizations. we've met to date, approximately 160 buses from texas and 50 from arizona. the numbers are growing. our goal is to help them get where they're going? explain what to feed and clothe. if necessary, we do not keep in touch with them. but for those who decided to stay, but we help to integrate. many migrants really know where they are going. and what will they do here they are met by americanized relatives.

there are those who simply do not have the money to get to the right city, so why not use the free buses while you can, of course, there are those who have nowhere to go. they decide to settle in large cities. it 's easier to get settled here. the truth is far from being perceived in the united states by all latin americans ; most people from countries such as mexico , honduras or el salvador are immediately sent back, while people from nicaragua, cuba and venezuela are accepted, because with the governments of these countries. the us has no diplomatic relations and obligations, so they cannot send them it is impossible by law to call migrants back illegal immigrants. they can stay in america for no more than 60 days until their status changes, of course, the refugee crisis is another burden for the struggling american economy, but there are other reasons why migrants are not welcome here. the united states is experiencing a serious demographic crisis. the population of the so-called anglo-

saxons is decreasing, and the number of people of other skin tones is increasing brown and latin america or blacks and africa, this is what scares the white majority. we see rejection and bad attitude towards these people. racism. nobody canceled. while everyone is bending his own line. republican states continue to send migrants to the north such a crisis in the history of the united states has not yet been kept silent by the democrats, but in new york there is a state of emergency . concerning. nevertheless, they announced they give or the homeless are overcrowded. migrants suffer, but continue to believe in the american dream washington usa after advertising about the alas actual threat of war don't go looking to explore the world of educational programs. free without

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let's translate from clerical, but understandable, everything is not so scary if there is an instruction. refuel a car without leaving home in novosibirsk, a mobile fuel delivery service has been launched. it would seem that a great undertaking, but it wasn’t there that the city was suddenly flooded with illegal mobile gas stations with us discovering a surge in the number of reports of illegal activities of mobile gas stations, including container type, the octane rating does not correspond to the declared ninety-second gasoline purchase at your own risk of rice liquidated

the group. does not work any more. hello your machine. and whose car did the sellers of burnt fuel start panic in the city a real war? we have three cars stolen from the place of responsibility storage two swindlers, took out fuel the second object of the first special operation. you know that illegal people are developing here. no, i don't know, money doesn't smell like gasoline. no, we took this case and conducted our own investigation.

in the world, the threat of a big war is uncomfortable, including a nuclear one, something speculative is discussed, but in an applied aspect every day someone. let the events in ukraine say only the beginning in schools.

again, nvp hoss services took care of checking, bomb shelters just in case in developed countries, to which we belong for several decades, we have become accustomed to the idea of ​​​​a warrior, as it cannot be in the first half of the 20th century, and suddenly, it turns out that this confidence was rather security. winston churchill, in his book the second world war , claimed that when marshal foch found out about the contents of the copper treaty at versailles 1919. he said this is not the world. this is a truce for 20 years, the french military commander suspected something, but immediately after the first world war, europe was rapidly collapsing, germany lost the opportunity to have a modern army, and its opponents, england and france, purposefully got rid of weapons . and, all the more, they were not going to spend money on a new one; politicians understood that real contradictions had not gone away, but it

was almost impossible to explain to society that it was necessary to prepare for a new war, so they accepted compromise solutions are one of them, for example, the construction of a line on the border with germany. my wife and i are named after the minister of war, investing money in defensive works, but in the twenty-ninth year, great depression save the world. the crisis affected, including europe, therefore military spending was generally shelved, everything changed in january 1933, when adolf hitler became chancellor of germany during his reign, the volume of military production increased by 22 times. from thirty-four to forty. at some point it becomes clear. that a new war cannot be avoided, but england, france, modern historical research is not ready for it. this is how they explain the point munich agreement of the thirty-eighth year, when the european democracy, which

guaranteed the security of czechoslovakia, literally gave the country a guitar to both sides, then they were not ready to give him an armed rebuff. but military budgets. after the thirty-eighth year, they increase tenfold. first of all, money goes to aviation, the most costly sphere of military construction, which for a long time has not been dauphin. an exception in this series was the soviet union, which began to prepare for a new war after the military alarm of 27, the same our answer chamberlain, the danger of a military conflict forced moscow to carry out forced industrialization with the help of two stalinist five-year plans and create a whole new industry, for example, aviation, which simply did not exist before. and the pre-war how and where it comes from, let's talk with our good friend historian. andrey mesrov. andrey hello,

the habit of the world. in general, how is it being formed, is this a new phenomenon, or before there were also periods when it seemed that there would never be a war again from what we know from what we can even compare our existence with, and immediately the world is remembered at the beginning of the twentieth century and the end of the xix century, what was then called the french beautiful era. as you remember in the three sisters, tuzenbach says now no, no execution, no torture invasions, that is, they thought like this, uh, they felt that there was no procession. although there were warriors, but small european wars. and it seemed that maybe there would be no war. and this influenced the fact that then it began, and what? this one is so big now, no matter how psychologically prepared, i would not explain, uh, the causes of wars with psychological

explanations, in my opinion, this is dangerous. this is a dangerous explanation. this is a cheap and dangerous psychological explanation. well then. let's not be psychological, if we try to summarize historical experience. now we are witnessing a very stormy development of events. can we say that the prerequisites for a big war have been created? here are the objective psychological prerequisites, uh, large, i mean, comparable to the world, but in in the form in which it could be now, i would say yes, but based on what we are now seeing. and given that decision makers make mistakes based on an incorrect assessment, and the provisions are precisely the experience of the first world war, which i have already mentioned, i am clearly evidence that we now see the history of the beginning of the 20th century as leading to the inevitable confrontation, but in october 1913, less than a year was left before

the start of the war, grand duke kirill vladimirovich kaiser wilhelm ii solemnly open a b leip - near leipzig near leiptsi at the place of the leipzig battle of the leipzig battle of peoples. the temple is a monument, st. alekseevsky temple, a monument is a monument of russian glory where all the names of russian officers of the soldiers, it seems, also died on the battlefield along with prussia. it turns out that in october, the fifteenth year , the third hague peace conference was to be held. so there are different powers. and just that's what a there is nothing predetermined in the end. it can also serve as a very dangerous warning. that is, i i understand that you are more likely to lean towards the

version that was very popular. not so long ago , a bestseller came out on the centenary of the start of the first world war. uh, christopher clark sleepwalkers about that, in general, nobody wanted to, but somehow they came, like the nabuls themselves, to this war, and meanwhile we taught it at school or there at the university lenin's article capitalism, as the highest last to become capitalism, where he explained in great detail that it was inevitable, because the division of the markets and all that. here, that is, you still believe that this was quite avoidable. and if you are in a marxist field, then there was lenin, but there was a skeleton one, but with an article, but ultra imperialism. as he called it, which the karkautsky karkaut was not afraid to publish already in september of the fourteenth year, but in his edition the main theoretical publication. registrations of the social democrats, at least those who read german, that is, in general, all but dina tsar modern times ultra imperialism. and a very lively reading that

reminds e times of globalization, maybe already leaving ah, big corporations, will divide the world and they won't even need a war. that is, he already believed, and in september 14 he was apparently so confident in his theoretical strength that he was not afraid to publish it when the war had already broken out, but the meaning was such that we would come to this anyway. and this does not mean that it will be a world of justice, ultimately a system of thinking and decisions of those who are those politicians who ultimately decided to mobilize and start a war. do you really see how it seemed it would not have been predetermined even here, but i would have thought about it, it seems, i wrote a couple of shroeders, half-sredders, the danger of a two-block system, the danger of errors and

a shaft of errors in the conditions of two blocks, when the polarization grows and crystallizes. that is, in this sense, if there are many players, how would it turn out, but a more reliable system, as it was after the congress of vienna? okay, but one of the hypothetical parallels, which, of course, are always false, but still, uh, technical progress, some kind of technological turning point in the appearance new types of weapons are being pushed to use them. starling - these are several thousand satellites above your head, in order to access the internet you need a terminal, it comes in a box a little larger than a pizza, a satellite dish is placed so that you can see the sky. here, in fact, the signal is fed to the satellite. and then

many satellites fly through the gateway to the internet. they are in low orbit, so the transmission speed is quite high simplicity in that all the equipment is, in fact, a dish and a wi-fi router can be connected to it connect anything. if you want an encrypted connection or a laptop with navigation, you can just take a photo from your smartphone on the social network, the antenna adjusts itself and catches the satellites to work. it can even be driven by car. the main thing is that there is a gateway nearby or the so -called ground receiving station, the satellite must see it officially in ukraine they are not, but there is ru in poland. and hungary therefore, the farther from europe and closer to the border with russia, the worse the internet is. the civilian military has been replaced for several generations. it is difficult to say whether they will decide to connect the ukrainian army to modern systems; it is rather

risky. but there is another option to the foot of the stationary orbit of the seventies, the satellites of the arcia company are still working. they were used by the us navy. but now they are in reserve only for safety. to put it simply, they can work through them almost like one communicates with his wife, right in the sea. the satellite receives a signal on one frequency and retransmits it on earth. on the other hand, nowhere is easier. there are nuances to eavesdrop on such a transmission. anyone can, of course, there are digital modes of communication, but here it will no longer work out how starlink works on the go, the antenna must be aimed exactly at the satellite. in addition, there will be a delay in the signal, the satellite hangs high enough in geostationary orbit. so just replacing starling with

satcom will not work. the first world war also showed this in part. yes, if you aspire, if you have ripened the conditions for war, do you think that war is legitimate and ultimately as a result, the decision is correct, then you can strive to get around the opponent, who also develops weapons . this danger exists. it is today and we see it. and how can you try to take advantage while you have it? this is what i would say, the main threat is here, and it was just before the first world war that it was already noticeable. well, we know that, for example, the russian army had to be re-equipped in the seventeenth year. so it was, and i would say so, but one of the variables in this equation. world war i launched the incredible

a surge of ideas in the field of weapons and technology, on the one hand, single-shot guns from the times of the franco-prussian war were taken out, and on the other, they were preparing to produce automatic rifles, weapon grenade launchers, mortars and flamethrowers appeared, tanks were transformed from tailed rhombuses into renault ft17 in it and now the familiar look is recognized tracked vehicle hull and turret with a cannon, and not every tank of world war ii could boast of 50 mm french ball 2c armor. aviators started the first war in rag airplanes and could only threaten the enemy with a fist or a ram, and ended up in all-metal vehicles with machine guns and cannons , the first sonars appeared, an eavesdropping system actually appeared from scratch, anti-aircraft artillery, which did not exist before. in 1914

, artillery firing at a distance of no more than 10 km from the eighteenth year was considered effective; the famous parisian gun fired at 130 km before the war, it was believed that a gun with a caliber of 75 mm. in principle, for most tasks, by the end of the confrontation, one shell of the french a five hundred and twenty millimeter gun weighed more than a field gun, in the end, during the second world war, such a phenomenon as a spy mania appeared, the fear of a ticking machine that could blow up an entire factory provoked general paranoia and the search for hostile agents. moreover, even in the united states, before the country entered the war and finally enters the first world war, they first began to use weapons of mass destruction, poisonous substances became commonplace on the battlefield, and a gas mask is a mandatory part of the equipment. application gas tak

everyone was frightened that in the second world war they were practically not used. in previous eras, with all the nightmares that war brought, especially a big one, it was considered a completely normal way to resolve international contradictions. we are used to thinking in recent decades. and not only after the cold war during the cold war, what is not true? can we assume that the understanding of war as a more or less normal instrument of politics is now returning? i 'm afraid that yes and here i have uh, back again by the time of the beginning of the 20th century. i re-read tolstoy i re-read all the pacifist writings of tolstoy and not only re-read i read, to be honest, what you read for the first time, uh, and such a thought crept into my head, it’s clear that tolstoy ’s pacifism is a part, but of broad tolstoy,

which implies the transfiguration of a person . am modern man, as he is. eh, he will fight, the transformed man, he will not fight. but, and then you look carefully at the details that are here tolstoy and you think, and who more realist tolstoy or, say, grigory nikolayevich trubetskoy, who so defended russian interests in the balkans, and we know where this all led and where these russians are interesting in the balkans. and where did this slavic brotherhood end up and where did bulgaria seem, by the way, in the first world war, so, who is a realist, uh, trubetskoy and or tolstoy, there are a lot of well-aimed accurate remarks of tolstoy, including, and hmm, just remarks about propaganda and about a great people's war about danger. here is such a war is not a war, the eighteenth century is not a professional war army. uh, very, very sober reading here is

interesting. eh, now they are arguing a lot, and what an era is now brewing in our country, some just think that we are returning to a professional army. and others, on the contrary, that i don’t know these ones, the rise, the pmc and everything else, this is just the forerunner of the fact that the war will be a matter of general concern. but you mentioned propaganda, again before the first world war, it is known that there was a surge of such chauvinism now e propaganda, due to simple communication tools, is turning into a total no one i could have dreamed of this, there 150 or 100 years ago, does this mean that we are already doomed to the fact that it will be right here that these waves will capture nothing you can do about it. i'm afraid so. because, probably, like you, i had certain rationalistic people when the internet appeared. uh-huh it turned out that the person,

unfortunately, is not that transformed person, but the same old adam who reads everything and loves to be in a cocoon, but prejudices. a. i'm not even afraid of propaganda addressed to people to people. i'm even more afraid of how e politicians, and with varying degrees of democracy of societies and states, and politicians are those who make decisions in the end about the outbreak of war. eh, become themselves. uh, no longer subjects, but objects of propaganda, that people themselves can begin to believe in certain phantom images, ideological images. well, yes, perhaps the worst form of deception is self-deception, which we often see. thank you very much. our guest was andrey lev resaks called american politics, the brezhnev era

i mean the age of the actors leonid ilyich died exactly 40 years ago, then his reign was then as soon as they were not evaluated from hanging all dogs to stagnation to touching embellishment. after all, it was a golden time, everyone is right in their own way, looking back from today's realities, it is probably worth remembering first of all the then experience of confrontation between the ussr and the usa, intransigence did not exclude an understanding of the limits of the bitterness of its danger. it would be nice not to forget this lesson. stagnation is the name of this house. the house of the world, would not be symbolic in the same way as our relationship, so that they acquired an epochal character and would go down in history as a sign of peace, friendship, mutually beneficial cooperation, respect between our peoples,

so that there would be no war, goodbye. hello, this is my kindergarten. here i have many friends and girlfriends. i am not 4 years old. i know she has autism. i heard that she used to not know how to make friends. she didn't speak at all. she could not be left alone for a minute, she is learning to play with us and she is cool diana my friend naked hearts create a free system of services for special children and their families. you can support the work. help us help more.

it is always interesting how it all begins now you will see everything. manufacturers of good things want and most importantly. but it's best to check. we'll take care of this. it will be the honest

detective. dear friends, i want to offer you a mini-series of very small films that we shot almost 30 years ago. i thought that, probably, painting a picture they should speak, that is , the idea arose to try to hear what the artist could hear when he painted a portrait or landscape? it seems to me that it makes sense to recall who all the same is, russian culture, in particular, yes, russian painting, which shook

the world at one time.

tokyo militants did not try to shoot at the russian army. withdrew to the left bank of the dnieper without loss. find out the details of one projectile fire. that's how american howitzers are destroyed, let's see how russian artillery works personnel from the ministry of defense. in europe and ukrainian refugees have to flee again.