this is an attempt to hear the artistic fantasy recreate the entire panorama of the great country through painting. hello. kirill vyshinsky is with you, and this is a typical ukraine program. our program is not news, we record it in advance and go out on a weekly basis. we don't compete with news releases. we talk about what made ukraine the way we know it today, the typical and, of course, the peculiar path that little russia went through in the ussr ukraine before it ended up at the current point. here's what we're looking forward to that it is interesting for you and that's what we'll talk about

today. donetsk character strong people who have mastered the wild field, who are the new russians from donbass conversation with an expert of the program for the restoration of donbass how it was after the great patriotic war how will it be now? donbass today is an integral part of the russian federation and until recently the independent donetsk and lugansk people's republics before that, the two largest industrial regions of ukraine. well, the beginning of the history of donbass is in many ways the story of a legendary wild field. so with in ancient times, vast steppe spaces were called, under azov and the black sea, which in the west were limited to non-building in the east by the don and khaprom, the

dnieper flowed through the center of the wild field, flowing into the black sea in the south of the land of the steppes bordered on the territories of settled slavic tribes in these steppes, the ancient cimmerians roamed homer recalls them in the odyssey, then the scythians lived here golden scythia the central part of this once powerful kingdom is also the donbass sarmatians polovtsy khazars. pechenegs all went through these steppes it was here that he brought his regiments to the polovtsian land for the russian land prince igor the hero a word about igor's regiment. actively populating the donbass steppes began in the middle of the 16th century during the time of bogdan khmelnitsky, thousands of peasants from the right-bank ukraine fled here from the horrors of the polish-ukrainian wars, and former serfs weakly moved women in search of freedom and free land. some

of these territories were in the possession of the zaporizhzhya and don cossack troops in the xviii century during the russian-turkish wars in the donbass appeared not only ukrainians and russians, but also greeks, serbs, armenians , germans, their resettlement is the result of the development of the russian empire of new territories bordering the ottoman empire, they mined and boiled salt, plowed the steppes. lively trade was carried out for the needs of agriculture. in the nineteenth twentieth centuries, a real boom began; a new profitable industry was coal mining; the first primitive mines in the donbass were owned not only by landlords, but also by peasants, coal was mined with a shovel, a pick, a hammer, a manual winch with a rope and baskets for lifting with the growth of production in the middle of the xix century. to the mountain already raised more than a million pounds a year, first the

mines and then the metallurgical plants. already in the 20th century, during the period of rapid development of the industry of the russian empire, and then during the years of soviet industrialization, hundreds of thousands of people went to the donbass, they became miners and metallurgists , factory workers and power engineers, this region turned into one of the most urbanized in europe, almost 90% of the population of donbass lives in cities and workers settlements. descendants of pain-loving steppe dwellers, hard-working colonists and migrants of different nationalities, donbass has become for these people a kind of melting pot in this pot in the conditions of hard sometimes deadly labor. a new community of people with steel-hardness has melted out about what the donbass character is and how the events of recent years have affected its

owners in the story anna efimova mariupol donetsk region may 9, 2014 at the height of the victory day celebrations, ukrainian heavy armored vehicles enter the city, these shots are visual illustrations of what is commonly called the donetsk character people stop the tanks with their bare hands with those who did not accept the results of the maidan the kiev authorities decided to fight radically in order to reinforce the all forces in the city they send the nazis, the so-called black men. and now the infamous battalion. azov today for our keys of ukrainian started with more. uh, let's say so easy goals for themselves, where there was not such unity of the population in this respect in anti-maidan sentiments. uh. well, then. yes, when they crushed

odessa, uh, very pro-russian at the time. the city , uh, transferred all the forces to the donbass. they understood that it would be difficult there, of course, they understood. actually, that’s why they immediately abandoned armored vehicles from the first, so to speak, hours, doctor valentin pekhterev became one of the eyewitnesses of what was happening in the donbass after the kiev coup, unlike mariupol, which the ukrainian nationalists managed to take control of his native, donetsk withstood from the first days of the brown coup. so valentin himself calls the maidan of 2014. he leads diary stories about what happened and is happening in the city all these years, subjected to countless shelling and at the front from the words of the militias themselves. for him, they are neighbors, familiar friends. evidence accumulated for a whole book. it is not difficult to judge artistic merit, but the fact that this book does not contain a single, even false

comma, is 100%. the fact that the people of donbass reared up is explained by the same donetsk , obvious character, the features of which are selflessness, perseverance and sharpened a sense of justice, donetsk itself was formed and mining villages, each mining village lived, as separate from the principality, and it was impossible to come to this specific acting from another village and point it out. it was the rudest insult, and when the inhabitants of donetsk, someone from kiev, in the form of an order, expressed what language we should speak? what should we do? whom shall we elect? well, for the residents of donetsk - this is a gross insult . freedom of speech among the miners has always been the norm , even in the most inveterate soviet years. bye the intelligentsia whispered in the kitchens, the miners said what they think loudly and distinctly sarcastically adding, but we don’t care where to swing a shovel, but when the devastation of the nineties began,

it was the miners who banged their helmets on the paving stones near the white house in moscow and organized large-scale hiking trips to kiev when he was president kuchma at one time, donbass was even called the new america from the 19th century, when coal deposits were discovered in the region and a real industrial boom took place. in search of a good income, people flocked here from all over, first the russian empire, and then the miners of the soviet union went en masse with the desire and hope for a better life, my brother became a real melting pot of peoples in one high-rise building. russians and ukrainians and greeks and moldavians and jews and armenians could well live here. and therefore, any ethnic nationalism given has always been a person who grew up there, i

can say for sure that he was a native donbass resident who grew up there at school. here are the ethnic questions. who is your counterpart ethnic by blood will be interested, well, there to the tenth degree in relation to some person that he has, can he be trusted, especially when it comes to military brotherhood, trench life for many in the donbass over all these years has already become habitual everyday, here and experienced military and mobilized and volunteers myself nationality speaks pontic. ah. mouth, mine comes from the red meadow. here from the donetsk region, i hate, tell me and collect everything we have, well, yes, i hated it. because for 8 years they have been talking and agreeing, and well, what kind of begging, but looking at how many children suffered civilians. well, i will not forgive, as long as i am alive, as long as my

brothers are alive, we will go to the end of evil, the irony is that donbass brought him to this point as an elite in 2010, when viktor yanukovych and his donetsk team won. revenge in the presidential elections after the loss of 2004 to viktor yushchenko seemed that even the interests of the native region of the new president were put at the forefront, but exactly the opposite happened could be observed with irony. with what speed, after the so-called revolution of dignity, many officials from the party regions and financially the industrial elite of the southeast, turning into nationalists of the donbass spill, well, the legally elected state leader viktor yanukovych, in the end, could not stand the test of power, threw his bags and left in a certain direction that, for example, the regional council of donetsk did not act there ,

since the parliament of crimea in the fourteenth year of e in many respects there was a tragedy before, well, it predetermined, and in this sense, they no longer consider yanukovych and those who fled to kiev to be their own. and by the way, his actions that he gave up and fled. after all , they are considering it in such a way that he gave up and fled. but this is it, see point one where did we start the discussion with you. this is for our unacceptable, despite zelensky’s calls to liberate the territory of donbass everyone who for some reason does not consider himself a ukrainian and go to live in russia, for example, his predecessor as president, viktor yanukovych, so far, basically only women and children whose eva was evacuated in an organized manner before the start of a special military operation, well, the rest, as requested, zelensky also went to russia. only now, together with their region, valery

savelyev anastasia popova, typical, ukraine expert to historians, political scientist alexander vasiliev. sasha good afternoon. hello, when they talk about the donbass, they always talk about the donetsk character, such a subtle substance, but still, it probably has some features common sharp coal basin stress around while coal mining as well. uh, this labor is miner 's labor, and it is, as it were, the basis of that, here is the society that has developed in the donbass. what does this mean? yes? here i would say three such main points in my opinion, yes, as an observer, and the first is very hard physical labor. that is, these are people who, well, are accustomed to hard physical labor and, respectively, to. well,

such overcoming of certain obstacles. and on this path, and the second point is conjugation. with this labor risk, because we know perfectly well that mine accidents. uh, there are explosions of doom. uh, severe injuries. eh, various professional diseases accompany all this, and miner and psychologically a person, descending underground. he. well, as if ready for the fact that something can happen in relation to. well, here's to life and death. it is a little different, and the third thing is the miners in soviet times and certain qualified categories, even now, mmm. many enterprises there already have a ukrainian period. these are people who make good money and work hard. went. as they say under death, but at the same time they could afford it? yes, that's it, it formed a certain, so to speak, some kind of life , but the standards and claims of these people. well, uh, everything, together this, well, has become the core of that character,

which in one way or another, uh, but most people who live in the donbass share. yut 8 years of life in their own state let them not be recognized by anyone for a long time, and yet this is their own state. all the time was in a state of war. how did this influence the formation the character of those people of a taxi driver who in the fourteenth year took a machine gun in his hands, and then, when the acute phase, and the conflicts ended, he surrendered, so to speak, weapons and returned to civilian life. so they didn’t necessarily become like this in this, but a person, yes, someone, uh, in the militia, had relatives, and someone suffered from ukrainian circumstances. that is, one way or another, the war crawled through the whole of this society. and this, well, imposed again. here is such a special imprint, and, well, let's be frank with all sorts of character traits there are also negative aspects, because there is what is called post-traumatic syndrome. and it is necessary to be clearly aware that people

lived, well, in such conditions, yes, which well, not at all well, no matter how it contributes to the formation, you know, of a positive light look, and to the world and with this, too, and when we are a hundred. must have. uh, how would they understand this, that this is both a huge heroism and a huge trauma, uh, which well, it will take a long, long time to heal, how these people will be, who lived in ukraine then uh in their own an independent state that was constantly at war. and now they will be a part and have already become a part of the big and strong state of russia as they will fit into it. i think that well, if we sum up everything that we said before, yes, then i think that we already, firstly, see, already see a lot of people who came from, uh, this region. well, in some prominent socio-political and cultural positions there will be more such people, because i repeat, and the donbass has always given birth to people with ambitions and, uh,

of course very. well, it plays a big role. that's the overcoming of trauma, by which i say, that is, we must worldwide way. integration of donbass because when we say that people lived in their own state, you need to understand that everyone perceived it as a kind of transit, as a kind of temporary transit form. and no one seriously set out to create a separate state, so to speak. donbass everyone wanted to be russia, to be a part of russia, and this is the desire for russia yes, it is , well, that is, it is the main, driving driving moment. on the one hand, it facilitates integration, and on the other hand, i repeat. there is always another country of medals, some inflated expectations, which are very scary, but i will repeat myself to disappoint in something, even in small things, and especially people who are in such a state of constant stress. yes, they can be, on the one hand, very, as it were, strong. yes, but in some, in some places, very vulnerable, but very vulnerable and that's all, but you need to participate, therefore, i think that

this acquired military valor is both old, and labor traditions that are definitely in demand , so to speak, any yes, because these are the people who give back. himself to his work and work. this is always appreciated everywhere and always gives a result, this is what donbass came to russia with, and it also seems to me that these people e. with all the experience of recent years. they proved that they probably want more than anyone else to become part of the russian world. yes , of course, yes, and the desire that their statehood, so to speak, is yes. she was only a form of e, transit, a and the purpose of the composition of all leaders, but donbass, all the leaders and the militias always said that we are just striving, uh, to russia and yes , it’s like, well, this one sets a very high bar already on the part of the russian state now, that these are the aspirations here blood uh rabbit, but under tears. and as it were, now you need to match. thank you very much

for a very interesting story. during the great patriotic war, hostilities in the donbass of the then stalinist and vashilovgrad regions continued from the summer of 1941 to autumn, 43 the region was completely liberated from the invader in september 43 battles. fierce fascists were fought. it was hard to come to terms with the loss of the donbass, their troops more than once launched counterattacks and recaptured a separate village for a while. then everything was destroyed from residential buildings to large factories, out of 1311 military enterprises, only 61 survived. the total amount of damage to the national economy amounted to almost 31 billion soviet rubles. the restoration of donbass mines began; men continued to fight and women descended into the face.

here are just a few facts. over 5,000 women housewives of the stalinist region began to study mining professions at the kun mine; now this mine has a pit with women's brigades staffed. whole shift. for 2 years 43 to 45 in donbass 69 mines were restored and put into operation . today, after 9 years of hostilities in the donbass and devastating shelling of the armed forces, first of all, they are rebuilding housing and infrastructure facilities, they plan to complete the restoration after 2-3 years. now 32,000 builders are working here, 15,000 of them in mariupol, there are plans to build 100,000 km

of new housing by the end of this year about how the donbass was restored after liberation from the nazis, and how it is happening now in the story of olga mokhova in 1947 , a medal was established in the ussr for the restoration of the coal mines of donbass this was the first post-war award for the selflessness shown on the peaceful industrial front. engineers, miners , builders, awarded by her, really the germans made an unprecedented feat in a short time revived coal production, the germans retreated purposefully destroyed the factories and mines of donbass in order to deprive the red army of much-needed rear support from the lugansk and donetsk regions, the invaders took out 2 1/2 thousand trains with various industrial equipment and important raw materials. the scale of the destruction was so catastrophic and, uh, great from the outside. if you look, it seemed, all

these destructions will be restored for decades. and why are we, for example, american press, the same new york times stated that the soviet union would rebuild the donbass for decades. world war it took 10 years. and to pump out from under the ground about 110 million cubic meters of water in february 1943 in the donbass, the volume of flooding of the mine was almost seven times greater, the enemy was only a few kilometers from the voroshilovgrad of present-day luhansk and the miners worked under shelling and bombardment, but already in this 43 year only from march to august, they issued more than a million tons of coal to the mountain in the forty-sixth 106 million tons more than before the war, starting his work on pumping out the mine, in the second half of 43, and after the end of the 48th year, all the work was completed. that is, in five and a half years, but they were able to pump it out. uh, all

the planned shafts from the water flooding them. the positive results were affected by the massive enthusiasm of the inhabitants of donbass for competent engineering leadership and strict central planning while the war was still going on. they simply restored the donbass enterprise, they reconstructed it, they brought it to a new technological level, everyone who knew that their valiant work brings our victory closer, today's wartime dictates its conditions. unlike, let's say, the great patriotic war, when industry was first restored, and then housing was restored and people lived. if you remember both in the barracks and in fellow countrymen for a long time, then today the position of the russian federation is really all regions of the russian federation are involved in in order to provide citizens with a place and the opportunity to normally comfortably to live for the resumption of the work of the electric grid economy. nearly 90 cities of donbass are involved today. construction and installation work

is being carried out at two hundred sites in bridy cities. restoration of the infrastructure destroyed by the war in the luhansk donetsk regions will require at least one and a half trillion rubles within 3 years, full integration of the industry of donbass into the russian economy will be carried out according to various estimates within 5- 10 years. and russia today has. in my opinion, a unique opportunity to do this region to develop a separate strategy for this region, which, on the one hand, would allow building a new production already on a new ecological economic one. in fact , the technological order, well, that is, at new levels and, accordingly, a completely new quality of life, and on the other hand, in no case should this region be made unprofitable while such a strategy is under development. it included large russian expert structures on the eve of the civil conflict in 2013. luhansk donetsk region produced almost 16% of ukraine's gdp many businesses today. less than a quarter of local mines have stopped working here with a profit.

speaking about the prospects for the development of the donbass industrial region, experts refer, for example, the revival of production potentials in the crimea was already deployed to the needs of the russian federation and adapted to them, and no one restored a number of enterprises. there, in the same search area or in kerch, for the reason that everyone understood that they were absolutely environmentally harmful to the region. they were needed only for the income of individual oligarchs. restoring normal vasya ensuring security the earth is oversaturated with explosive objects of various mine traps, destroyed by military equipment, the international mine action center assesses such a situation as a higher level of pollution. we have previously assessed the situation in the cleared territories and a plan for cleaning up the area has already been drawn up, which involves work for at least 5 years,

the current situation is complicated by the fact that the amount of ammunition to date, demining teams have found cleared already more than 300,000 unexploded ordnance, posing a great threat to civilians, but the war continues on cleared land. deadly rockets, mines and shells are falling again. where yesterday it was still clean, as the sapper says, today they poured again. to date, about one and a half thousand specialists perform these tasks in cleaning up the area, suffice it to say that we have already cleared about 30,000 hectares. well, it seems to be a big figure, yes, but if you translate into kilometers, 30.000, a hectare is only 3 m², but these are minefields. this is all that is critically necessary for the inhabitants of donbass, water pipelines, gas pipelines, power lines. industrial enterprises schools kindergartens. hospitals. the rest is marked on

maps and fenced off on the ground, and these objects will definitely reach the turn, specialists of the engineering troops from the reserve fund assure the russian government has already allocated more than 10 billion rubles for mine clearance. but there is a lot of work to be done after the great patriotic sappers. completed their work only by the mid-fifties, but until now the earth, as it were, pushes out foreign bodies that did not explode shells, then wars olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev is typical, ukraine that's all we wanted to tell. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. good luck to you.

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for our approval, an important decision to equip the peacekeeping forces of organizations with modern weapons, the military with special equipment after the suppression of unrest in kazakhstan. conclusions are made to strengthen communications and the csto countries. what other decisions, besides equipping with equipment, did you manage to make? 35 soldiers managed to be returned from ukrainian captivity, they were in mortal danger, especially since again there was a video of the massacre of the armed forces over the unarmed.