bill preparation has almost doubled. and these are not analytical figures. these are statistical statistics from the information system, as for regulatory legal acts, the speed of preparing the preparation, we mean from the idea to the outgoing number of the document, has increased one and a half times. that is, in this regard. of course, things have changed a lot for us. from the point of view of such an internal task, for today or for the current year, we have a track that is not with performing discipline, because you yourself you see, i planned to do it there, but it’s worth the task to exclude the postponement of the deadlines. i do not remember what happened to him and who events in the life of

his youth. 11 maybe, only he is siblings. i came up with reboot a few words. remember everything i start countdown three two one.

country

hello. kirill vyshinsky is with you, and this is a typical ukraine program. our program is not news, we record it in advance and go out on a weekly basis. we don't compete with news releases. we talk about what we did ukraine as we know it today is a typical and, of course, peculiar path that little russia went through in the ussr ukraine before it ended up at the current point. that's what we're interested in, we hope that it's interesting for you, and that's what we'll talk about today. land on the edge how many ukraine was there and

why is there only one left? what did the conversation with the expert of the admirals' land achievements program lead to for political ukrainians, how did the cities of novorossia grow? if the answer to the question of where the russian land came from, we know thanks to the author to tell the bygone years of nestor to the chronicle, then with the name ukraine the story is more complicated. in the annals of the late middle ages of the 13-14th centuries, the outskirts of various principalities were called ryazan, suzdal, polish, lithuanian and other ukraine , these were not their own geographical names, as a rule, the frontier or outlying lands that were then under the protectorate of russia, poland, lithuania, the crimean khanate or moldova were designated in this way such names were used

together with the definition lithuanian ukraine ukraine polish sovereigns of ukraine cities. the moscow principality, for example, had russian ukraine, which limited the populated areas of the grand duchy of lithuania and the kingdom of poland only in the 16th-17th centuries from numerous ukraines began to allocate one land, the kiev pereyaslav and chernigov principalities. they lay along the two banks of the dnieper and were controlled by poland behind them to the south, lay the steppe, where the crimean khanate ruled. it is believed that ukraine first appeared on european maps in the middle of the 16th century, thanks to the french military engineer in the polish service, hyom viplan, he compiled a description of these territories, put them on a map and named several non-provincial provinces as ukraine. the

commonwealth ca. at the same time, the term ukraine began to be used in kazakh correspondence to refer to the lands of the hetman state, which was created and conquered from poland by bohdan khmelnitsky, from whose name the steppe borderland of the polish kingdom was called until 1648. ukraine has become the name of the kazakh state, formed on the lands of the three crown eastern voivodeships of the kiev brotherhood and chernihiv

only towards the end of the eighteenth century. they are beginning to be called ukrainians. like this, if ukraine and ukrainians appeared in general terms, so that they would not talk about it today different historians and politicians in ukraine, but about how the political theory of ukrainianness arose and what it resulted in in the plot of anna efimova the history of ukraine in 5 minutes, this is three flights in the relatively recent past exploded mastina internet the song became part of the ukrainian national patriotic project called this is how the memory of free artists works. they created their masterpiece shortly after the creative president volodymyr zelensky came to power with the assistance of the ministry of information policy of ukraine and they seem to managed to bury the centuries-old history of kievan rus in a box. however, where in fact the horde

is still a big question, kiev almost to the ground, destroyed during the invasion of the mongol-tatars in the xii century and the surrounding territory along the dnieper for several centuries, became, in fact, wild. a field where the polish lords for the time being were even afraid to plant their administration. and by chance there was a significant orientalization, that is, about the orientalization of life and life, er, there is also the slavic people. here, note these famous shavat, but it was actually typical for the nomads, or the famous hairstyle, odessa, this one yes, but actually, this is violence and currents. and even before this god, in fact, in how the history of ukraine was formed, there was actually little ukrainian, but a lot of ukrainized , until the 16th century, significantly the lands of little russia were part of the grand duchy of lithuania

, the name of which, by the way, sounded like the grand duchy of lithuania and russian it competed with moscow rus in the struggle for domination in eastern europe and collecting lands. however, in the end, as an independent political player, the principality lost and the case ended under him in the union of lublin, in fact, the absorption of lithuanian lands by poland as soon as this union was signed. and this is what matters. so, together with this union, all the lands of modern ukraine became an integral part of the polish crown. that is, they were removed from the grand duchy of lithuania and a new state formation was created, speech of the commonwealth or burn the commonwealth, but at the same time lithuania lost a significant part of its lands, which now began to be actively slandered, but the global consequences of this, and the poles will make themselves felt later after several sections of the commonwealth. when the russian empire departs almost

all the lands of the right-bank ukraine, there is a noticeable polish influence on these territories. eh, this is the history of the nineteenth century. oddly enough, as part of the russian empire. that's when the big uh, the migration of poles to kiev and, i must say, to kharkov and their subordination of the higher education system to themselves and e. we can say such a colonization of uh kiev, as a result of which, already in the second half of the 19th century, they argued that well, kiev is just as polish, a city like tver, the moscow city of kazan, the authorities of the russian empire did not interfere with this process in any way, relying that, according to the class principle, they could rely on the polish nobility as on their own. in addition, legal gentry retained all legal rights to their estate. national self-consciousness was alien to the russian elites. but close to the poles who never ceased to consider these territories his own. so ukrainian nationalism began to ripen literally next to st. petersburg, and

it all started with harmless folklore experiments in the poltava region. we can look at the biography, for example, of ivan franko, and he was like a moscow philo, and he considered it necessary to use the russian literary language, but then, under the influence of immigrants from russia, drahomanovo, well, a major figure in the ukrainian movement, he came up with the idea of ​​this ukrainian movement and became. well become one of the largest poets writing in the tom language, which was created on the basis of the poltava dialects , the paradox is that galicia, which in the mass consciousness is considered almost the stronghold of all primordially ukrainian being. first, more, then under the austrian empire, and then again under poland, ukrainization resisted just the desperation of all lviv, for example. one of the last , only in the xviii century, adopted the union of radicalization. the ukrainian church was subjected, just at the beginning of the

20th century, shortly before the start of the first world war and connected directly with the activities of metropolitan andrei sheptytsky, who in 1914 openly called in sermons. at a very important time, a war is being waged between our tsar and the moscow tsar , the war is fair on our part, the moscow tsar wants to take away our freedom to shackle us with a marker of the attitude of the local population for the most part. russia became, 19 the year when lvov met with jubilation the russian troops entering the city, it must be said that such popular moods were extremely, wary, perceived in vienna as a wave the first world war rolled back the russian troops, and then more than 100,000 rusyns left the golitsa with them, those who remained waiting for a terrible fate , all the sympathies for relations with russia were considered with vienna as potentially dangerous and repressions by ukrainians began. , uh, which

took place at the beginning of the last century during the first world war, when, on the territory of historical magnitude, russian people rusyns were thrown into the camps of tolergs and terezin because they refused to give up their growth. and to abandon russianness in favor of what is right ukrainianism in the camps of world history, talergs, and teren, destroyed several tens, thousands of civilians , destroyed the show. the figures of the polish pans all this time suffering to revive their empire, the commonwealth, but when the poles really came there was no longer any need for the ukrainians they created, on the contrary, it began the suppression of the ukrainian movement and the polonization of the rusyns, the results of this centuries-old experiment in the artificial division of peoples and the planting of hatred between them are clearly illustrated by

the terrible shots of the volyn massacre. anna efimova valery savelyev anastasia popova typical ukraine ukrainianness as a political and ideological project in the twentieth and 21st century, we will talk with our permanent expert in the history of kolotologist rostislav, ishchenko rostislav good afternoon. good afternoon, rostislav, in short, what is political ukrainians. well, i would characterize this as anti-russian in the first place, because i have already spoken about this once, but i think that it is not a sin to repeat, which is not accidental. uh, the political ukrainians are ukrainian nationalists. this was put forward by their main slogan, kill the russian in yourself. that is, they proceeded from the fact that a ukrainian can appear only by killing the russian in himself. non-polish, and there are no jews, no armenians, which

means not greeks. although these nationalities are also represented in ukraine in large numbers precisely russian means in this way. they are russian as part of the russian world. yes so they actually are. uh, confirmed that they once were, right? or even now they are russian. if they haven’t finished off the russian in themselves yet, but they want to become ukrainians. and in order to become ukrainians, it is necessary to completely destroy this russianness in oneself, and therefore, accordingly, in order to build a ukrainian state. it should be at full speed in russia and who was most interested in this ideology, and at what cost was it implemented, firstly, they are figures of science and culture. this is the very first who literally dived into ukrainians, because , uh, there in the ninety-first ninety-two . uh, actually ukrainian nationalists who got ukraine from the soviet union was enough. hello, at least a few dozen. but they

were immediately joined by scientists of culture, because they quickly got their bearings and did not understand that the soviet state would no longer exist, and they served the interests of the state. and for this they received money, and they began to build themselves nationalist ukraine on the model of the soviet that is. now, if you look at e, the development of the ukrainian state, then it is a very long time. i just changed the entourage, that is, repainted the banners in other colors. she changed the coat of arms, well, there she renamed it the state administration, there and so on, but it continued to live practically in the regime of the soviet state. that is, they tried to keep for themselves such a familiar feeder. yes and well they have achieved that state. yes, even though a bad girl, she became finance, there is culture, which means both necessary and state historical. well. the idea that

ukraine appeared there 100,000 years ago means that there are either 400,000 years ago, and the evidence of this rite was financed by the state quite well, then. uh, there's a government bureaucracy. she has new opportunities. and not only the language, there is an opportunity to engage in privatization. and even if you do not privatize yourself, then appoint oligarchs and receive kickbacks for this and earn money. on this very good good money. so, what if we go back. e in the empire, then you are already again provincial bureaucrats over your life on the other head. so, who can decide for himself whom to privatize. and what's his name is not to privatize your opportunities are diminishing, the bureaucracy understood this very quickly and also began to fight for independence. well, then once the case was already pulled up, by the way, the nationalists, who were filmed more and more every day, because it became fashionable. this means it has become profitable, which

means, well, naturally, their ranks began grow, and then after a while, given that in the field of education in the region, enlightenment means in the field of culture, there was always a national, clean propaganda, of course. a new generation that has entered into life. they have already been brought up in the appropriate spirit. what led to the planting of this political ukrainian. and what will happen next? well , the thing is, uh, again, i've said it many times, but i can repeat it again, that u can't deny yourself and think that everything will be fine. here, uh, in fact, political ukrainianism - it is a renunciation of oneself from one's identity, a renunciation of one's history. eh why? they did not even hide this, or that any state is born with a historical myth, we will invent new historical myths for ourselves. ukrainian and we will have a new

ukrainian state and really come up with our own ukrainian history. yes, but it simply does not fit into the framework of the world. that is, when normal people begin to read it, they begin to laugh, because even then it quickly became clear that ukrainians are russian, this is the one that lived on territory of ukraine yes, and then the question arises. why the ukrainian state? why all these torments from enjoying the ukrainian language, there is a place of culture and so on. we do not plant astrakhan ideal objects in russia. don't say it later, because it's beautiful. here it is, as a result, the state has already come. the ukrainian state disappeared along with yanukovych when he crossed the border, the ukrainian state fled with him. so, because it was not the first, but it was the last, in fact. affairs the case when e power was forcibly changed;

power was changed against the will of the majority of the population; power was changed in the interests of a narrow group of people in the country and as a result of the interests of external sponsors of this group. ukraine has demonstrated its inability to independently elect and even retain elected power. and the state is a very pragmatic thing. it is based on the real economy, and the real economy does not ask whether russian is ukrainian or armenia, it asks is it profitable or not profitable, it is profitable to buy here and sell there, so it will be work. if it is not profitable to do so. you can hang 10 flags on it already and 25 through the teeth, but it will still remain unprofitable if you build your economy according to ideological principles. everything is falling apart here. thank you for a very detailed informative story. the development of new territories in the south of russia in the 18th-19th centuries in the construction of fortresses, shipyards of cities is directly related to the names of

russian military leaders and admirals, what was then called novorossia in the steppe, under azov and the black sea coast became an outpost of russia in the fight against the ottoman empire on these lands, the military were both defenders and builders and administrators. catherine the great instructed the city of kherson with a fortress to lay the foundation for general-general ivan abramovich hannibal, son of the famous arap peter the great and two great-grandfathers of alexander sergeevich pushkin , the general took up the cause of the rhine in a short time built in the shipyard and began to build a fortified city after 3 years there was a palace in kherson admiralty death foundry house and arsenal barracks and private houses in the fortress housed the garrison and 220 guns in the harbor. we went into the military and merchant ships.

foreign trading houses opened in the city. another iconic city of novorossia, nikolaev owed many of its innovations in the urban economy to admiral mikhail lazarev, the discoverer of antarctica, the commander of the black sea fleet in the first half of the 19th century. commanding the fleet, lazarev was also the military governor of nikolaev, it was he who approved the draft name of the streets of the city, many of which have not yet been renamed. the supply of drinking water to the townspeople was improved. in 1838, at the request of mikhail lazarev, he ordered the creation of a city archive and the registration of residents. at the request of mikhail lazarev, a decree was issued by emperor nicholas ii concerning merchants or locals of sevastopol and nikolaev, they were granted tax and duty

benefits for 10 years. defended the southern borders of russia, but also mastered these new lands in the 18th-19th centuries in the plot of olga mokhovaya ushka, ships, sea battles, shipyards, hospitals, gymnasiums and mirnoe and the military was one common cause of the admiral of the second half of the 18th century on the practically uninhabited and uninhabited novorossiysk lands, which gradually became part of the russian empire . it was they who largely determined the future appearance of cities. at the time of the entry of the beginning of the entry of novorossia into the russian empire, the black sea fleet did not exist in parallel , 2 processes were going on, the creation of the black sea fleet, the development of novorossia and its settlement, when kherson was founded in 1778, it was assumed that the young black sea fleet would be built here. here it will be based, and the city itself will become

the center of maritime trade, but planned at a certain time. the construction of seven battleships never happened. to remedy the situation, the novorossiysk governor-general grigory potemkin appoints fedot klokachev at that time the commander of the azov flotilla, and he succeeded quite a lot in six months. he managed to do more than hannibal for 5 years. already at the end of september, the first ship of the line left the slipway. uh, glory to ekaterina it is fedut klokachev became the first commander of the black sea fleet, however, he soon died of a plague epidemic that struck in the north of the black sea in the autumn of 1783. in the same year, the captain of the second rank took command of the ship under construction in kherson. fedorushakov is familiar with quarantine measures in mediterranean ports. he fenced the camp of his team, divided the personnel into artels of the sick, isolated the plague in

kherson, took about 10,000 people from the crew. ushakov did not die any of the measures that ushakov took and were subsequently taken into account russian army and russian navy. and when subsequently i had to fight the plague, which periodically came from the ottoman empire to the northern black sea region, then potemkin, accordingly, used this method later. a team from st. paul, the future admiral ushakov will win resounding victories during the turkish war of 1787-91. in the same war, a spaniard by origin, commander of a small russian flotilla and gunboats of the hasad ribos , distinguished himself in the capture of the island. berezan a. later , the storm took the fortress. hajibi. the presence of this mushroom flotilla prompted the construction of a new harbor equidistant from the dnieper and danube estuaries. osip deribas and his associate. uh, military engineer franz devalon. they suggested using

such a small um, settlement ggb, which we now know as a city, odessa. so, hmm, this harbor turned out to be, first of all, very convenient. it is well protected from the wind. secondly, there were e, fresh water sources were quickly built, the city was laid, not only a harbor, but also a trust for the repair of ships, as well as a military according to the plan proposed by the udevals, the city was equipped until the twenties of the 19th century, while mass stone construction in odessa and also in sevastopol was launched by another admiral of the naval, minister of russia ivan de traverse. this was perhaps the only frenchman in russian military service who was not retired during the war with napoleon. he proposed one of the first plans. construction of a highway throughout the crimea e with the expectation

to unite e, crimean ports with ports new russia, that is, and according to his plan, these highways were supposed to reach up to odessa. this project was already implemented in the thirties of the 19th century by the new ruler, novorossiy count mikhail vorontsov the pioneer of many large-scale undertakings, on his initiative, the first commercial shipping company in the black sea region was created in odessa. he was also the initiator of the first archaeological excavations on in the place of ancient chersonese, he obtained permission from emperor alexander i to build the first large observatory in southern russia in nikolaev, and

this observatory was at that time one of the best in europe. the moment of the shipyard, where they began to build the first steamships in russia, but after the unsuccessful outcome of the crimean war of 1853-56, nikolaev was threatened with decline under the terms of the paris peace treaty. black sea was declared neutral, and russia and the ottoman empire were deprived of the right to have a navy, a difficult period for the city of shipbuilders, in 1860 he arrived here as a military governor. admiral bogdan glazena. he relied on the development of the city as a center of trade, not being afraid of competition with odessa already in april 1862. e was from zanuck gas. uh, he came from st. petersburg to make nikolaev a commercial port, and already in june

1800 and 1700. or rather, the eighty-third year was earned. uh, the customs office is up and uh, the whole city it begins to dawn when in 1871 the neutralization of the black sea was canceled nikolaev again became the center for the construction of ships for the black sea fleet, but at the same time it also acquired the glory of a large trading port, eventually becoming the third city of the russian empire in terms of maritime trade turnover olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev typical, ukraine that's all we wanted to tell. kirill ushinsky was with you today. all the best to you. in any journey, you need a faithful and reliable companion who will support you along the way and who is always there

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