hello on the air international review in the studio fedor lukyanovna. chronicle week event scientists are interviewed by our program

this week, the head of the european commission, ursula von der lein, announced his intention to create a special structure for the frozen russian assets, this is 300 billion of the bank of russia and 19 billion of private money to come up with a legal basis for confiscation without creating a destructive precedent, until an elegant idea was born, an investment fund. russian assets will be put into action, and interest from turnover will be sent to ukraine, this does not mean that the offspring will be returned after the end of hostilities, they think europe will have legitimate reasons for their withdrawal, for example, by decision of a special court, which is now being proposed to be created, one can rejoice that the spirit of capitalism is alive, war and entrepreneurship have always gone hand in hand in

european. stories. let not the hand of the one who takes fail. fu, the same mrs. von der lein suddenly announced that the other day the size of the losses of the ukrainian army was 100,000, however, they immediately vying with each other began to correct it, they misunderstood, not that meant it was not about irretrievable losses and so on. in any case, the degree of bitterness of the conflict is extremely high, and many begin to worry about the absence. even hints at the possibility of its termination, the peace movement has served as a familiar part of the international landscape in the last century, especially when nuclear weapons rolled into the arena along with mutually assured destruction in the forefront of those who sounded the alarm were scientists. in the mid-seventies, the ussr and the usa managed to achieve nuclear parity, the julius spouses made their contribution

and the rosenberg hotel, which gave moscow the secret of the nuclear bombs. they believed that the presence of this destructive weapon. only the united states will lead to a global catastrophe. at the same time, the rosenbergs became the only civilians who were executed in the united states for espionage during the cold war against the use of the atom for military purposes, and the great german physicist albert einstein spoke out, he called himself a militant pacifist in his youth. he decided not to take up arms, so at the age of 17 he renounced german citizenship, and then from he considered service in the swiss army to be absurd and grotests, and called military service legalized slavery over time. his pacifism even acquired a radical character. in theory, the german physicist was discussed by the austrian psychologist sigmund freud, who in his writings explored the phenomenon of aggression for

freud war. natural but preventable biological justifiable but intolerable and culturally unacceptable. he wrote to einstein, we are pacifists, because the hatred of war is organic for us. we must relentlessly oppose her for us. she is absolutely unbearable. we are pacifists, even the physically unacceptable patriot was eliza neter. outstanding physicist. she discovered the process of fission of the nucleus of the hurricane, in which a huge amount of energy is released. this hastened the process of creating the atomic bomb, however, the nobel prize. for this discovery received her colleague from the contribution, a woman scientist with jewish roots was openly ignored, however, when the press. oh, her mother baptized her with an atomic bomb. she began this nickname offensively and even abandoned

participating in the manham nuclear weapons project. due to the fact that in the future world war nuclear weapons will be used indispensably, and since these weapons threaten the existence of the human race, we insist that the governments of all countries understand and publicly declare disputes between states cannot be resolved as a result of the outbreak of a world war. we demand that they find peaceful means to resolve all disputes . this quote is from russell einstein's manifesto published in 1955. him signed by the luminary of the fundamental sciences of that time, he laid the foundation for the silent movement of scientists, once an influential social structure. well, or 45, the united states conducted the world's first nuclear weapons tests and already in august.

applied it in japan after 4 years. the first atomic bomb appeared in the ussr against this background, in july 1955, the mountain movement of scientists appeared, who opposed the use of nuclear energy for military purposes , the name of the group. it turned out to be a fine place, where in july fifty-seventh scientists for the first time met and discussed the threat of nuclear war they were joined by 11 world-famous scientists including albert einstein frederick julio curie and bertrand russell headed by the british physicist and radio biologist joseph roth of the forties he worked in the manhattan project, but soon realizing the possible consequences of the use of the bomb left the project and became an active peacemaker. in 1957, the first conference on the volga movement was attended by 22 scientists, mostly nuclear physicists,

including those from the ussr and the usa. the beginning of regular meetings, thanks to scientific buttons during the cold war , international acts in the field of disarmament were developed and adopted, in particular the moscow treaty of the sixty-third year, and the prohibition of nuclear weapons tests in the atmosphere of space and under water, as well as the treaty on it, the proliferation of nuclear weapons and on limitation of prom systems. in addition, the bugur conferences contributed to the gentle regulation in vietnam and the resolution of other international conflicts and disputes in 95 for many years activities in the field of nuclear disarmament on the volga movement were awarded the nobel peace prize . in moscow, pavel kotter visited the museum

, apparently an italian mathematician professor at the university of milan. and he is also the general secretary of that same volga region movement of scientists, it exists, but to be honest, where they are more noticeable than before. why the voice of scientists is now not so heard about it professor koter talked about it. we are well aware that in the 20th century, scientists have always played a very important role in the defense of peace and have been active in civil position in this matter almost everywhere. and now it is invisible. why it happens so much changed first of all during the cold war there was a sharp antagonism between communism and anti-communism, as russell einstein's manifesto said remember your humanity and forget about everything else and such was the motivation of scientists to prevent total destruction, putting aside ideological contradictions. now the contradiction is completely different

, there is no big ideological battle. there are many conflicts in which different nationalist approaches converge, countries come to the conclusion that they must promote their own identities, the languages ​​they speak , the religions they profess, and so on. on the one hand. it's less global. and for people, this is often extremely important in other words. many would not risk global annihilation for communist or anti-communist causes, but are extremely committed to upholding their own identity. and it doesn't seem to be as big as worldwide ideological confrontation, but such collisions are fraught with the risk of getting out of control, and warriors on such occasions often tend to grow and the current conflict in ukraine is precisely the stand of the theory. although it may seem that there is no danger of global destruction, but the factor is total destruction. in general, it has not gone anywhere

, absolutely. of course not. i’m talking about this, all this grime of national religious conflicts and so on comes to the fore, pushing aside the global risk a day and people pay less attention big breasts, so the new movement. for peace , first of all, it should deal with the resolution of local conflicts. to prevent their escalation to an unacceptable level, let's interrupt the conversation for a moment to emphasize an important thesis in the second half of the 20th century. all world politics was determined by systemic confrontation. nuclear weapons were a threat, but also a fairly reliable means of deterring them, because this threat was constantly thought about, now there is no one systemic confrontation. but there are many local shtetl to match them, as if getting smaller and the nuclear factor from the unacceptable becomes conceivable as if less terrible, and this, to put it mildly, is

alarming. let's return to the conversation, the situation is dangerous and this danger. difficult to comprehend public opinion. people do not fully understand that the russian-ukrainian conflict can lead to a global clash. many perceive it as a confrontation between democracy and non -democracy, something like that, we must emphasize what local conflicts are fraught with today and do everything to resolve them, when we talk about the nuclear threat, even its small probability should be considered extremely. seriously it's not about how much more likely this or that is, that the likelihood may suddenly increase due to changing circumstances. it is necessary to avoid even the most minimal risk, but public opinion has ceased to sharply perceive threats. maybe people just need to be scared, but, well, no, i'm not suggesting that. i'm talking about something else. we must very clearly articulate the danger of local

conflicts and the need to resolve them from the sides. we expect more flexibility in understanding what the enemy has his own sense of self and must be taken into account, but this does not happen. i am opposed to russian actions in ukraine, but i must admit that western behavior is also dangerously aggressive in relation to it. russia and this should not be. what could be done right now? what do you think, from the point of view of the pogolzhsky committee, in order to stop the hostilities. we need to build communication between different groups and countries to start looking for mutual understanding. first of all, stimulate recognition that people with a different identity are entitled to it. does the antagonism get out of control? yes, the nuclear threat is at hand. look at what happened when the soviet union collapsed, at first they thought that this would put an end to the confrontation and create favorable conditions for development, but soon a series of conflicts began that we

could not have imagined before, the current one of them, and the accession to the euro-atlantic institutions of the countries of the former soviet bloc nato expansion raised the degree of antagonism with russia, which was completely unnecessary. at you have contact with your fellow scientists in russia in ukraine in order to promote your ideas you are wet or we have working relations with europeans americans and russians there are not many contacts with ukraine but we would like to expand them, we need to promote the idea of ​​mutual understanding and not to let the determined victory at any cost take over when i hear that we must fight before everything returns to the original state of affairs. i think it's terrible to find a flexible solution and stop fighting immediately. if the armed confrontation does not stop and everything goes on, as now avoiding escalation. it will get harder. thank you for advertising original

conflicts, which, according to our interlocutor, are now more dangerous than global ones

. it is simply necessary to clear the territory, you did not immediately say the entire slavic population of the worker. yersk camp in tula orphanages to take care that they will not be fed completely different tasks. prosecutors become oversight of the investigation of crimes that were committed in the occupied territories of the soviet union.

in taiwan, local elections were held over regular periods. this event. it would hardly interest anyone, except for the inhabitants of the local municipalities, but now the time is a nervous island in the center. perhaps the most important of the international collisions of the sino-american every kind of bast, it turns out in a line of success, was achieved by the guomin party, the very nationalists whom the communists in the late forties expelled from the mainland. it would seem that almost three quarters of a century has passed. all the broth has grown, but there is no commandan, and now he is in opposition in taiwan, even though the communists are an enemy, but he insists that china-1. and taiwan is part of it. but the ruling democratic

progressive party looks into the forest, more precisely towards complete independence. the prc government considers taiwan an integral part of china's breakaway province, which sooner or later must return home, while they themselves saw taiwan with this position they do not agree. de facto. they carry out their foreign and domestic policies independently from beijing taiwan has its own constitution flag currency. elections are held there, and approximately 300,000 military personnel serve in the armed forces, while the island does not have the official status of the sovereignty of the country, the democratic progressive party, for example, is proclaiming independence tomorrow and is striving for its wide diplomatic recognition, the head of the party, the king, in which escalation in relations with beijing has reached opposed to the principle. one country

two systems that offer in her opinion. this neutralizes the status of the island, but there is another point of view . the gondon party, which essentially created taiwan and even represented china for some time, vova traditionally leads a course towards rapprochement with beijing and does not reject the possibility of an agreement, the former president of taiwan, mainju, a senior member of the party wrote, to vote for the democrats. it means to bring war to taiwan, and voting for the komendan will ensure peace. at the same time, the great-grandson of the generalissimo stank at the rally, said the new bridge of the capital, i will give peace many people saw this as an opportunity to feel the greatness of the secret as a claim to the leadership of the islands, despite political differences, economic ties and interpenetration of taiwan, china remain significant only in 2020, the trade turnover between ukraine was estimated at $ 160 billion

, about a million taiwanese live in china. many of which operate factories located on the island of fu, the issue of taiwan's sovereignty is a red line, for which beijing, according to its statements, is ready to fight the united states through biden. they say that protection from the right of the taiwanese to self-determination by any means, and the situation in the taiwan strait and its environs, let's talk with our faithful comrade vasily kashin. vasya hello. good afternoon. and i 'll ask a question on the forehead. taiwan is an american puppet. or does it have its own political dynamics that can influence events, and on the one hand, taiwan, of course, is totally dependent on close relations. the united states is the only reliable major, external partners without the united states, they will very quickly find themselves in full military-political

isolation and will have to deal with issues of reunification with the mainland. on the terms of the mainland on the other hand. uh, taiwan has its very rich domestic political life. uh, these are dozens of uh, quite lively and active registered uh political parties, most of which are divided into two such camps. they are called green and blue, uh, and uh. the key dividing line between them is precisely the relationship to the issue of the status of the island and to relations with the mainland. uh, the green led by the democratic progressive party - these are those who, with varying degrees of intensity advocate the movement of taiwan towards formal independence blue.

uh, advocate maintaining the status quo with a hypothetical possibility. uh reunions in some very distant future, and under very vague conditions uh the main green party is the democratic progressive party, it was created as a taiwan national movement uh, reflecting the interests of the green-root taiwanese, and uh in the future uh her position became somewhat moderate. she moved away from uh direct demands for an early move towards independence, uh, but she is quite staunchly opposed to any integration with the people's republic of china, uh, and against any move that might lead to reunification. er,

rather, there the platform of the party is to maintain the status quo and wait for the right moment. for the declaration of independence, many very years have passed since the appearance of such a unit. like taiwan, those who remember dean, china, there are clearly fewer left than, uh, the rest. and probably the vast majority of young people. just dixie some. she is chronic, that's all this talk. united china in gomeldan, which, as i understand it, is the leader of the blues, that is, that there is no need, uh, to stir up the situation, so to speak, but they really are a unity party or in fact no one seriously believes in it, and this is not a unity party , and genitan. eh, evolved quite a bit on its own. in recent years and decades, this party, which is in favor of maintaining the status quo, which believes that taiwan should continue to be called

the republic of china, and which does not denies the possibility of e economic agreements with china expanding certain other ties with china, human ties, cultural ties, and this is connected primarily with the fact that, of course, without interaction with mainland china, taiwan, but save. totally not viable. uh, business interests are more strongly represented in homeldang , uh, who do not want to quarrel with the authorities of the people's republic of china because, uh, from the point of view of the industry of industrial production of technologies. e, taiwan and mainland china - this is single complex. uh, they are built into a single chain somewhere taiwan is hmm uh the manufacturer of uh,

a high-tech electronic component base, and china is the site where the assembly and final production of almost all the products that we use is carried out, the violation of these ties has direct negative consequences directly for the unification there is no major party. there are parties openly advocating unification. several iner under the concept of one country two systems is a small taiwan workers' party which is not represented. uh, the parliament has little at all. uh hmm local representation practically. it plays no role in the life of the country. that is, this is a confrontation between those who simply deny any rapprochement of integration with china and believe that it is necessary to go step by step towards independence and those who

say that, well, we must still put the interests of business at the forefront of reuniting with the people's republic of china, we do not we will, but we will not abandon the chinese identity, and then we'll see what comes out of it. even in his youth, chiang kai-shek sharply criticized the soviet dynasty, i believe that its strict dogmas humiliate the dignity of the chinese people as a sign of another protest. he even cut off the braid that every chinese was required to wear as a sign of loyalty to the emperor and went to japan there. he entered the tokyo military academy and joined a secret revolutionary organization. sun yatsena tun hoi but, when a revolution began in china, than, of course, he returned and led a detachment of rebels. after failure of the next revolution returned to japan in 26 , chonkoei sheikh led the national

revolutionary army and, in cooperation with the communists, organized the celebrity northern expedition army offensive from the province. guangdong. on the north he managed to stabilize the situation, and then unite the country in october of the twenty- eighth man. headed the national government. the republic of china in the thirties went to rapprochement with the communist party of china in alba. now against the japanese invaders along with this developed cooperation between the ussr and germany, which also affected the fate of his sons, the youngest adopted son. jian. vygu. he was sent to study at the military academy in munich in march 38, when austria was annexed by germany, vygu personally commanded a german tank, and in 39 the title of lieutenant participated in operation weiss when the nazis fought against

japan in second place in poland upon returning to their homeland and in forty in the ninth year, together with his father, fled the revolution to taiwan as for the eldest son dzyago, then he was sent to study in the soviet union in moscow, his sister lenina took over and he received the name nikolai elizarov after 2 years, he became a soviet citizen, received higher education in moscow and went from a mechanic at the dynamo plant to deputy director, it is noteworthy that he publicly abandoned his father. after he began the fight against the communists, but this did not help him avoid repression, at the beginning of the thirty-seventh year, elizarov was arrested. at the end of march, we managed to return to china together with the russian wife after the defeat of the party condom and furiously and sheina taiwan jan zida led the ministry of the interior. taiwan in 78 became president and held this post for more than 10 years

. he made a bright political career, worked at the embassy in the united states, worked in the taiwanese foreign ministry, rose to the rank of minister and person. premiere. he, too, was prophesied by the president. tskoe chair it prevented a sexual scandal. but his son van, the great-grandson of the leaders, and generals in silent porridge just now won the election. huge this is not necessary elena yakovleva russian

shepherd dog, he is not for sale. but it's best to check.