so the autumn navigation of 2022 has become longer , the northern sea route conducted two subsidized ebotage flights from st. petersburg to petropavlovsk-kamchatsky and the vostochny port in the sea of ​​japan, the nuclear-powered ship also operates on the route, murmansk novaya zemlya, and icebergs and fragments of more serious ice can open in these ices . and so to speak, for many years, when a ship sails in ice in the watch room, they pass about 10 km along the bridge, work in such conditions requires constant and extreme concentration of the entire crew and, first of all, the navigation staff. polar in winter. ah, it’s more difficult to work, because no one has canceled everything for a person. well, something to always sleep. snowstorms in the arctic create winds that lift snow from ice floes, and precipitation. at the same time , the hottest month of july is not so frequent in the middle of the calendar summer. the temperature does not

exceed plus 5 °, and in january it drops a little below -20, it seems not so cold, but the polar night in high latitudes lasts 174 days, and the polar day is 190 days. sberbank presents a loan with the lowest interest rate over the past 10 years from 4.5% sberbank and return one and a half percent of the rate with bonuses sber thank you monthly. live its own warm, interesting, the most relevant tier of a cozy social network, where everyone will find their own. delicious point of the alps appetizing

cheese triangle discounts and cashback up to 100% gorenje washing machine with a discount of 9.000 and rovento hair dryer with a discount of 7.000 rubles. in m.video and eldorado, they never compared prices for osago and bought a policy in the same insurance company, do not overpay, draw up a policy on sravni and save up to five and a half thousand rubles, and yearly price is different. if insurance, then compare choose the best in the new year's edition. russian lotto, we are giving away more than two billion, including a call for a million billion, is waiting for you on the website of branded

stores and convenience stores, buy new things at great prices. lucky in the new year is one of the largest database of apartments and new buildings in the bank office. attention in case of allergy poisoning and a hangover, it's time to drink polysorb the qr code in the application is capable of more scanning it before paying with each purchase. we will transfer one percent of the fund to the family together.

i want a snowmobile take away i want shoes finished.

in the expedition of otto schmidt , professor vladimir was responsible for monitoring and analyzing the weather and ice conditions . for each month, maps of wind pressure and temperature were drawn. i expected relatively favorable conditions and a low-ice summer in the kara and barents seas and heavy ice in the

chukchi sea, but i could not say anything more precisely. now there is the arctic antarctic research institute, where they know almost everything about the ice, and what is under them hidden and store absolutely all ice maps for the whole century, the institute appeared in the twenties , but the main work of polar explorers and scientists nevertheless began precisely after the schmitt expedition. vladimir evseev is a soviet polar explorer and he is 90 years old. . true, six of them are antarctic, it was he who was able to take soil samples at the deepest depth of the arctic ocean - 5.5 km. in the core. interesting results were found that can be used to look at climate change on pole taken column of soil four meters and a half. there is a clear layering there. there,

it means that their gray color and e brown color alternate, well, gray blue, so we take the color. we are brown, it 's full of frozen phytoplankton microfauna and all that. you take these periods of warming, gray blue, no living creatures, nothing during the cooling period, such cores are specialists, and they take them regularly, and everything is stored in freezers . there are even soil samples that are 10,000 years old thanks to the centuries-old history of the institute has the world's largest database of polar events. indeed, a for the last 40 years. uh, the amount of ice has been significantly reduced. there, and in the arctic, multi-year ice will almost completely disappear, we have , yes, it was 2007-20012, yes, and it would seem that we are already moving along the path of reduction. yes, there are estimates, something about the fiftieth year,

yes, there will be no farts in the summer, but i don’t think that this is the case, for example, this year it was quite difficult and there were ice conditions. first of all, the seas, uh, east siberian but also partial laptev, therefore. with ice, everything is not easy, especially, according to some estimates. we are just in time for the middle of the century, we will approach a certain cooling cycle, and it is customary to talk about the climate in the arctic with caution. although the captains also confirm even with a general warming year after year, a similar situation, by the way, was in the thirtieth for several years in a row, the ice went higher to the north, but the chelyuskins were unlucky with many meters of ice. the ship was completely blocked in the chukchi sea. today navigators have no ice forecasts. they don't go on a flight. our leading forecast is divided into short-term forecasts, the operating range of which is from one to 7 days - these are the

first dashes of the fifth day, a short-term forecast , it is designed to solve operational problems. here comes the ship. how to get through the strait of the vilkinsky strait of long helps here, of course, the map of the ice situation, the actual and forecast the most difficult navigation areas are the long straits of boris velikitsky, bottlenecks where the depths also do not allow maneuvering among the ice, the institute makes maps according to information from satellite, but there are also situations in the arctic when the ice situation changes rapidly in the visibility zone, the decision is made by the captain of the ship, and for further movement, the specialists of the institute make an urgent forecast. it can be ready within 2-3 hours of scooters, which will be uh, provided it looks like this. thus , that is, on it the colors are special this and even on these. uh, flowers here driver. can orient where e more. uh, such

powerful ice that it is better not to enter at all, that is, let's say on this map. it's here dark green, except for ice. at the northern sea route. there is another important feature that requires great skill of navigators. these are shallow depths. the hydrographic enterprise will turn 90 next year and it was also formed after the schmidt expedition. recently, the enterprise has been included in the mustachioed circuit , since it was the state corporation that was given the authority to organize navigation on the northern sea route. well, the deepest. we have the kara sea, namely, along the new land depression. there are more than 200 depths meters. the shallowest i believe is the east siberian sea, here the depth is 20, uh, in some places. now, if we take the sannikov strait, which we are now purposefully working on to a greater

extent , there are also 10. approved two main routes. we leave from the kara gates we go to the prolivka gate after the prolivka gate along the laptev sea, we go along these routes. uh, going around hmm novosibirsk either between them or between them and leave through the chukchi sea. let's leave the bering strait. and if there is an alternative route, then it will be like. and if it is an alternative route, then we are in the northern extremity of the new earth again. but along the vilkitsky strait, right here, directly along the laptev sea over eastern, this is novosibirsk on the islands and the planned route turns, in short, already going around a-a. wrangel island yes, we need more

routes so that ships disperse in the ice, as in the sea, especially since large-capacity container ships there are more and more gas carriers and tankers in the water area every year. welcome accepted started recording. today, surveying of the bottom topography is carried out by hydrographers on special vessels, equipped with echo sounders, specialists are sent to those places where the results of past measurements are in doubt or the topography is generally unknown during the summer autumn navigation for 22 years. hydrographers conducted a study of 45,000 km of the bottom of the northern sea route, work was mainly carried out in the east siberian sea , the sannikov strait and on the yenisei river. this is directly from the data that we we get from a multi-person echo sounder in this kind of three-dimensional image. yes, a dynamically changing mm picture, which with

all these depressions characterizes the irregularity or smoothness or irregularity of the relief, we explore the bottom completely without gaps. uh, to exclude the presence of any innovative dangers there. there, i don’t know any jars of technogens, yes, some sunken objects, and so on, which can actually affect the safety of advertising. by the way, despite the fact that the bottom of the arctic ocean and the arctic seas are quite smooth surprises really do happen in the vilkitsky strait at the bottom lies a german submarine from the second world war in the chukchi sea. chelyuskin next to it nina sagaydag, which sank in 1983. this ship is the last major victim of ice captivity. and here it is worth remembering the expedition of otto schmitt again. after all , she, too, could end very badly, these

unique shots. as a ship was replaced by a fallen propeller blade, right in the ice, they will fly around the whole world for such an operation and now few people dare, but the siberians really wanted to survive and really wanted to reach the goal at the limit of their capabilities. the crew manually dragged 400 tons of cargo to the bow and lifted the stern on the ice. if alexander sibiryakov entered the northern sea route on an ice steamer, then he left as a flying dutchman on sails with languishing from the bering strait, a mushroom shaft broke off near the ship and the view sank schmidt’s expedition was threatened by wintering in the ice and only vladimir’s knowledge of the natural drift systems for 10 years saved her days the current carried the ship under the northwest wind hexagonal tarpaulins, and all the boat showcases were raised on the masts on party traction, as the captain joked, the steamer finally reached cape dezhnev otto schmidt would later say

a real person pulls where it is difficult and these words will become the motto of the polar explorers for many decades, only those work go to the arctic who really believes in their own strength, the romance of the polar professions of navigators, hydrologists , hydrographers and many others today is to a certain extent unaligned with applied tasks that must be performed and for everything in sea ​​routes and in ports and fields. in 1935, the hydrographic institute of the main directorate of the northern sea route was founded here, specialists were trained specifically for the arctic, meteorologists, hydrographers and oceanologists, and immediately after the war in 1945. a department for ice navigators appeared here. today , several universities in russia are engaged in the preparation of arctic seafarers at once, but the main

one for the western sector of the arctic admiral makarov heir and assignee of the traditions and competencies of the hydrographic institute. they choose the sea of ​​their profession, but only one in ten of these first years of makarov. he can say with confidence that he wants to work in the artic, and this is already quite a lot every year 2,000 graduates leave the wall of the university of the marine and river fleet. this specificity is necessary. not only professional, but preparing mentally and psychologically. well, not everyone is ready and can experience low low grey, skies for many months without a single sunny day there. there is also a polar night, and there is an increased vibration, there are many different aspects that affect a person at the university. diesel training center future navigators train on exact copies of the bridges of modern icebreakers, there is also a cpu simulator for the central control panel of a nuclear

power plant. and just like that, retraining and acting icebreakers and sailors retraining from southern voyages to northern sea routes are a narrow path that is laid in the north, the depths have not been studied, which means ours and not only ours geldrographers will study these, uh, depths and a lot is being said. now about the development of siberia, how can one get there mainly through our great rivers, therefore, uh, these are both inland and mixed navigation ships here. everything closes. of course. this is what i call where we work, or we will work. well, the main knowledge, sailors, polar explorers, still receive directly in the arctic, all cadets go to sea during training must undergo a 12-month practice, without this they simply will not be issued a diploma.

makarovskaya it was some. some a conscious decision or says family history, as some kind of conscious choice was to recognize, read books and then went to makarovka. and you have me and sevastopol. i have many friends who go to sea. you're freezing. no, i'm already used to it. yes, it's still warm here. minus one , only we had the lowest information of the textbook gives too complete a picture. and here everything is the most important, the main thing is that you get practical experience, in general, the institution of mentoring during practice is very developed. it is necessary to pass a test for knowledge of the vessel. the captain carries a personal responsibility and are asked to the fullest extent, a person should already be psychologically ready for this. because if he is not ready for this, then one will never be able to work here, one perceives that this is all his duties, and the other treats this with love. artik it is not unambiguous. it is very

diverse and very beautiful. 6.12 maritime exclusive economic zone is 200 nautical miles. or, within the country's continental shelf, the path officially ends. it's a pity that even despite the clear weather at such a distance, it's still do not consider. this is an amazing place in the middle. the bering strait is the island of large ratmanov diomede, belongs to russia maly kruzenshtern and the united states, but more often they are called the island of tomorrow and the island. yesterday. the distance between them is only 4 km, but the russian island is almost a day ahead of its american neighbor, because the international date line runs exactly between them. russia has the largest length of the arctic coastline and the

vision of our country is the largest arctic sector of the theory of sectoral the separation was jointly initiated by russia and canada; the usa, denmark and norway also have their allotments in the arctic, and sweden, iceland and finland have very small pieces; the passage along the coast of north america is called northwestern, but depths. there, quite small up to 15 m, you have to go tacking between the archipelago. there's a large number there from the islands. and right now it is difficult there because there are more islands . a place where large hummocks compress and there is a current from different directions very heavy. although we went at the end of july at the beginning of august, it turns out, no matter how canada or the usa dreamed of developing their northern

routes. the russian northern sea route, the top of the planet, remains suitable for cargo transportation, the distance from st. petersburg to vladivostok is a little more than 14,000 km, the southern circle through the suez canal is almost 24,000, it is obvious that as the load on the nsr increases, not only the need for icebreakers, not only their number will change and the very model of using icebreakers. and now we're on our way assignment to specific projects on the respective icebreakers. the presence of up to ten icebreaking capacities solves this problem. these are the seven icebreakers that we now have in 24, they will be eight times, which means saving fuel and money, and with proper infrastructure development, which russia is now intensively engaged in, the declared volumes of cargo transportation. 150 million

tons by 2030 is quite achievable. today, the arctic gives russia up to 15% of gdp and up to 25% of exports. 80% of the gas is mined here, 30% of the fish catch, as well as nickel diamonds and rare earth metals no other country has such economic projects in the arctic as russia . which is produced on the territory of our subjects of the russian federation located in the arctic zone, since this is the shortest route from europe to asia, and the transit of goods will develop, both from asian countries to europe and europe to asia, which we also already observed

last year, we have transported approximately 2 million sowing sea route, in total, more than 70 transshipment bases and ports are located along the northern sea route. the main thing is murmansk arkhangelsk tips dudinka tiksi and the singer. all of them were built at the beginning or middle of the last century and require constant maintenance, and taking into account the extension of navigation , they were taken away. shipping development and expansion is one of the main concerns of the bottom of the deepening work, in fact, at the moment, the main attraction zone is the development zone. the western sector of the northern sea route, yes, dalkin and in fact. this is the lip option, where pavlovatek projects are being implemented. all the main future projects are large, yes, which , in fact, have already begun to be implemented. so this is construction. first of all, these are the projects of the yenisei river, this is also from the rhodosai fields, the port , the bay of the north, the rosneft company well, uh, those

projects that are more located in the eastern sector are, first of all, the development of the chavan bay. as part of the project for the construction of a terminal in the mys area for gnoin. well, what project here is the development of the boinskoye deposit? there are seven nuclear-powered ships operating in the northern sea route and, of course, there are diesel-powered icebreakers. at the moment, all projects in the region are supported, but the problem in the arctic, as always, lies in the waters, and the more projects are implemented, the more acutely there is a shortage of special vessels for the development of any large projects of the artist zone, two simple things are needed. it is possible that a good port has already come to the conclusion that the port should be with depths of up to 12 m so that the new icebreakers could, in the mode of round patriotic navigation, provide the pilotage of the

corresponding cargo ship, and the second point is undoubtedly the electricity of the year in the northernmost city of russia and the century. floating nuclear power plants academician lomonosov provides the region not only with electricity, but also with heat, and the launch of this project, in principle, turned the world's understanding of the possibilities of the atom. several more such power units will be moored in other northern ports in the coming years. and that means cities will grow, enterprises will develop , moreover, a futuristic project of a huge arctic data center may well be implemented. the first northeastern passage into one navigation ended on october 1, 1932 , when the expedition of otto schmidt finally rounded cape dezhnev with shouts of hooray , a fishing minesweeper, ussuriysk, led

a ship crippled in the ice for repairs to the japanese yukama when passing by petropavlovsk-kamchatsky, a government telegram came on board . warm greetings and congratulations to the participants of the expedition successfully who solved the historical problem of end-to-end navigation in the arctic ocean in one navigation stalin molotov voroshilov jansen. the northern sea route was officially opened for navigation. and it was a success of world significance. already on december 17, 1932, the main department of the northern sea route was founded under the leadership of tashmit. infrastructure development. piloting ships to provide the necessary information and forecasts for issuing permits for entry into the arctic years 90 years later, the head of all in nurput returned the historical name together with the goals and objectives that otto schmid laid down to ensure and maintain russia's leadership position near the ice caps of the planet.

a woman should have a head on her shoulders and a hat . i will exchange your ushan puppy for your quiet life.

the first congress of the russian movement of children and youth organization opened in moscow - this is a new vladimir putin, having supported the initiative to create it in july, signed the corresponding law, the president headed the supervisory board of the movement. today i addressed the participants of the congress. dear friends glad to welcome all participants of the first congress of the russian movement of children and youth. bright, creative and active guys have gathered here in moscow from all over the country, including especially from our new regions. and now you yourself decide everything together. what should be your movement, what needs to be done in order for it to become a truly interesting attraction for your peers?