wait, of course, the fulfillment of these desires. and it's great if we have the opportunity, and those who participate in the christmas tree of desire. they have enough opportunity to fulfill the desire for santa claus, uh, little guys. further, our broadcast will continue the new author's projects of kirill vyshinsky, a typical novorossiya, it will talk about how this territory appeared, who inhabited it, what cities were laid down and what people were behind it , as well as how the name itself, novorossiya, appeared ? hello . kirill vyshinsky is with you, and this is the program typical novorossiya in our new name says it all, we will talk about the territory that returned to its historical roots in novorossiya. we will

continue to follow the ukrainian processes. we will analyze them. and yet today, in our opinion, it is much more interesting to observe how life in the donbas will change zaporozhye kherson regions in new russian regions with the help of a careful look at the history of borussia. we will try to reveal the originality of its current day, find typical features in it, but recognizable signs of the past. and that's what we'll talk about today. history and geography, how did fate return to russia ? novorossia

is the historical name of the regions that became part of the russian empire in the 18th century following the results of the russian-turkish wars, the term itself was coined by catherine the great by her royal decree in 1764, the novorossiysk governorate of these lands was formed. they stretched along the northern coast of two seas, the black sea and the sea of ​​azov, and were recaptured in different years from the crimean khanate and the ottoman empire. empires in the west. they reached the moldavian principality. today. this is the western border of the odessa and nikolaev regions in the center and in the north covered the current zaporizhzhya dnepropetrovsk kirovograd and part of the kharkov region, and in the east most of the dpr and lpr the southern tip of historical novorossia. this is the crimea and part of the krasnodar territory. according to one of the versions of

historians, when coming up with the name novorossia , catherine followed the fashion of the 17-18 centuries, then the open and annexed territories of the new world of north and south america were called new in relation to metropolitan areas. new england new holland new france and so on for a short time was the current kremenchuk in 1776 the city of yekaterinoslav was founded and named after st. catherine in soviet and ukrainian times in dnepropetrovsk it became the administrative capital of novorossiya and for a short time, it was even called novorossiysk in the reign of paul i when any references were erased from the map. at his unloved mother ekaterina, the grandson alexander the first returned the name of his grandmother to the city more than once. changed

the territories were developed and settled by settlers of different nationalities - russian serbs, ukrainians, greeks, germans and many others after the 1917 revolution during the civil war on the land of novorossia, the ukrainian people's republic donetsk krivoy rog soviet republic claimed odessa soviet republic and other short-lived political entities. as a result, most of the historical new russia. the name novorossiya entered soviet ukraine, only history textbooks remained and began to be gradually forgotten in modern turnover. it reappeared after 2014, when crimea was part of historical new russia. he returned to his native harbor, in another part of it, the donetsk and luhansk republics were formed, which, together with the territory of the kherson and zaporozhye regions,

became part of the russian federation in september 2022, so the southeastern, novorossiya returned to russia four of the eight regions of its historical lands a more detailed look on the map and on the history of this territory in the plot of anna efimova on april 2, 1764, a kind of starting point for modern novorossia, catherine ii, with a stroke of the pen, approves a proposal to create a new province of the russian empire, subjects predictably suggest calling it slavic catherine, self-controlled, makes only one remark to the province to call novorossiysk until the 18th century, these territories were in fact a wild field for centuries. nomads, and then the crimean tatars, were insensible here. since ancient times , the most important trade routes,

the izyum chumatsky, ran through these lands. ways however, it has been unsafe to use them since the time. ivan since the 15th century, hundreds of thousands of russian residents a year have been taken to the crimean slave market along these routes, and the largest slave market operates in the cafe of today's feodosia. uh, europe, asia is generally mediterranean. eh, this pool. and, of course, be patient. this position was impossible, and when hmm the question arose that russia should also gain a foothold in the south seas , there was simply no other choice, these attempts were made by peter i after the victory over the swedes in the northern war, russia gained a foothold

in the baltic, and then the king threw all his strength into strengthening the border of the state in the previously conquered strand, the azov campaigns. peter they were dictated not only. the interests of the russian state itself on its global policy, first of all, the relationship of europe with the ottoman empire, that is, in this case, we were fulfilling a pan-european order. we pulled over that part of the tatar cavalry, which, under other circumstances, could strike at the affairs of the same european powers. peter, you do not attract cossacks with the betrayal of azop, yet left your imprint, and the serbs form the first serbian hussar regiment, later, already under elizabeth petrovna, the colony settlement where they will live will be called the new serbia of the city of the serbian slavs, slavyansk was just given back under e, empress elizabeth a

, the so-called border it is the cossacks. she is a cossack who served in the austro-hungarian empire on the frontier. with this horror of europe coming, e, the turks in the service of the russian empire, the orthodox border guards crossed very willingly for oppression and politics violent they labeling, which was carried out by the austrian crown. well , the authorities could not cope with the temptations, the head of the local administration, a colonel with a speaking surname croat, was convicted, as they would say now, of embezzling you especially. in their size, the money that petersburg allocated to support the settlers, he put in his pocket even reached hunger riots, a historical fact, but it was the corruption scandal that largely served the formation of novorossiya, catherine ii decided to take the situation under her tight control by her decree in novoselskoye, settlement. a few more autonomies were transformed into the novorossiysk province, and on the

ground they were completely replaced by leadership. active settlement began, new settlers were provided with significant state benefits, paid for the relocation, exempted from taxes and duties, guaranteed freedom of religion. they came to a territory where there was no e above agriculture there were no previous living conditions. hmm, completely different nature, climatic conditions, that is, this is true. new russia is such and so they called it, because it was fundamentally different from all the usual russian territory. huge territorial acquisitions at the same time required considerable cash injections, and before the victory in the russian-turkish war, the ambitious project of novorossiya, still, to some extent, remained a pig in a poke. however, after the ottomans were defeated, russia not only received a full access to the black sea, but also the right to hold. there is a merchant fleet and a navy. this predetermined the need for the speedy development and development of the region. the case was entrusted to his serene highness prince gregory

potemkin, who dreamed of turning the former wild field into a flowering book. and i must say he succeeded. novorossiya, as part of the struggle against the ottoman empire, and the annexation of crimea, just grew into a huge cultural and historical territory on which cities were founded, such as odessa , kherson, uh, mariupol, melitopol well, of course , uh, elizaveta grad of alexandrovskaya is the current one, zaporozhye and simferopol and uh, because uh, a city worthy of worship, a city of glory for russian sailors, sevastopol. it was actually the last place. uh, last one such a golden klondike not only industrial,

but also klondike meaning, moreover, in europe of the 18-19 centuries. an active search for coal and rue began here. in 1795, the construction of the lugansk foundry began, which became the starting point for the development of south russian metallurgy. the region becomes not only an agrarian, but also an industrial center , first of the russian empire, and then we of the soviet union, in which the historical lands of novorossia, together with people and factories, were by default included in the newly artificially created os of the ussr after decay. the union did not get all this, respectively, to the fallow one, it privatized the mines and industrial enterprises, continuing to squeeze the last resources out of them, and they also tried to nationalize it from the population with only one difference in the self-made nineties. until now, the russian language is the absolute

dominant language there, despite the fact that, well, 30 years of life as part of independent ukraine it would seem that they could translate the uh population into ukrainian language, because it is not difficult for a native speaker of russian to master the ukrainian language, if a person is an incomplete idiot, then switch to the ukrainian language. maybe if he did not want to speak ukrainian by the mid-nineties in the state of independent ukraine , then he did not want to. it is known that the story develops in a spiral and sometimes a feeling, deja vu is inevitable. i have no time, the formation of novorossia was finally predetermined by the annexation of crimea well , today it seems that the annexed crimea predetermines the future, on the contrary, russia popova typical for novorossiya. we will talk with our constant

expert, historian and political scientist alexander vasiliev about what novorossiya became in its time for russia and why this term has returned to active circulation today. good afternoon sasha, hello, why is this term novorossiya, despite the fact that it has been more than a hundred years old, it has not been active. eh, turnover, and, perhaps, was remembered only by historians. why he again today returned to the political lexicon in the first edition of the great soviet encyclopedia. there it was stated that novorossiya is an obsolete term until now this term has been fully used. moreover, uh, you know, it was not only of an official nature, because by the beginning of the 20th century. we no longer had an administrative unit that was called the general government, but that was the name of the company there novorossiysk society or a russian factory there. this term he lived in the literature used it, that is, for example, and there the phrase there is the coast of novorossia, bunin, or then such a deceiver. well kataeva already in soviet times, but nonetheless. that is, it was in everyday life, and suddenly, literally in 10 years, the word is declared obsolete. yes? why because it did not correspond, but to

the leninist national policy, that is, the idea was that it was all ukraine yes, therefore, it cannot do any tricks. yes, the functionaries said that the word novorossiya was forgotten, and then, you know, this is such an amazing thing, but it happened. here is one literally such an outburst, when this word was again, as it were, returned to e, such everyday life is years of the great patriotic war. yes , oddly enough, but such a patriotic upsurge, but of the late stalin years. remember when they shot such big, and, therefore, films. here is already admiral ushakov yes. here the film begins with a scene, vetburg. i received an urgent report from the empress, the governor of novorossiya, prince of darkness. and this is the fiftieth year. it is the soviet viewer who has been told until now that there is no news at all. she needs to forget this word altogether. take out of use and then suddenly, without any explanation, they talk about it. but why, because it is impossible to describe such, well, the best pages of russian history on

brighter victories. and it is simply impossible to lose this word. yes, there were books about suvorov where it began to be used, and so on and so on, but then again. eh, after that, some kind of wave came down, which means that the word was sort of wiped out and finally. you are now in the political lexicon. and they introduced, well, here we are. according to my feelings in 2004, they introduced it for a very simple reason. that's when they counted in ukraine the results of the elections e yushchenko against yanukovych this is when electoral geographers put on the map, just the results of the vote, it's all just you know how they gasped? yes, because this is a map of that same novorossiysk province, there is the era of paul, or there is a governor-general, and later in the 19th century. it just popped right out. yes, on this electrolyte it became clear. there is something more behind this than just momentary. there is even the intervention of the west, there is a struggle of some clans, that is, clearly under this

most powerful historical foundation and this historical foundation turned out to be this a region that, under certain real historical circumstances, has acquired certain features and retained these features, despite the fact that they tried to name this region. uh, to lose for 100 years, uh, erase and so on, yes, but i repeat, they lost only the name, but the essence that was hidden behind it. she didn't go anywhere . and how correct it is to call today those territories that became part of the russian federation, because this is, well, only a part of the historical new russia, novorossiya, as an administrative unit. she for the first several decades of its existence, it was extremely mobile in terms of its specific boundaries, the outlines of the internal administrative structure, and, firstly, it constantly expanded by 80. the first year at the beginning of the reign of alexander i was constant perturbation, that is, they were looking for the optimal form, then they came to three, so to speak, canonical provinces of

yekaterinoslav, kherson tauride, plus. uh, then bessarabia. yes, it's formal . rather informal. i would say the capital. just the location of the general became governor, odessa yes, which was. well, so to speak, not even a provincial city. that is, it was all constantly in the dynamics of the name. i think it is absolutely correct, because it is embedded in them today. and the same idea that was actually laid down in e, even by catherine, and the way the implementation of this idea justifies this is the use of this name novorossiya. the administrative structure was very mobile, dynamic, the borders changed in the eighteenth-nineteenth century. and what in her always remained unchanged, what was it yes, yes, it is necessary for novorossia to be nonsense in the black sea fleet. ah, and that is, it's just that force, thanks to which it took place and which then stood guard. eh, this region. yes, and the fleet is based in sevastopol, but in order to build this fleet it needs to be built in nikolaev and in

order to be able to, from what you need to build metal, you need energy to mine coal, as in that era the main one, means an energy carrier. yes, this is donbass, this is such a triangle with us, which is between black sea ​​donbass, and the crimea was superimposed. it became like this, well, a kind of construction that connected it all and was already superimposed on it. and there, well, moments like i don't know. for example. uh, vladimir dal yes , i really like to give this example, this is a check, the father, whose father came to work as a doctor at the lugansk plant, and then he moved to russia yes, he then moved to nikolaev because both the plant and, in fact, belonged maritime department within that department. they rotated there and then yes, they started as a naval officer chernomor told you the baltic fleet, and then became one of the people who created the canon of the russian language of the struggle, yes, today for novorossiya. she starts saving the russian language. that's what the distance was once created by the

future native of there, it turned out to be very valuable for people who, in this space, but continued, er, live and continue to live on the seat, and so valuable that they were ready to bet everything on this card, just to fight for a native language. thank you very much for a very interesting story. novorossiya is perhaps the most violent the developing territory of the russian empire , new cities were laid here, the black sea fleet was built, huge fertile lands were plowed up and developed. all this needed clear administration and strict centralized management of the borders of novorossia, which changed several times during the reforms of the russian empire. this territory was both a separate province and part of the locality of yekaterinoslav and novorossiysk, the bessarabian governor-general, which united the black sea lands in 1874 for

about a hundred years the administrative unit novorossia was abolished, and the administration of the kherson ekaterinoslav tauride and bessarabian provinces began to be carried out on a common basis. the most famous administrator of this region was the yekaterinoslav prince grigory potemkin, the tauride of all novorossiy at different times was ruled by 15 governor-generals. among them, the favorite of catherine the great, the commander of the black sea fleet, plato teeth, general of the cavalry ivan mikhelson, who managed to pacify the pugachev uprising, led the french province aristocrats who fled the revolution in the 19th century emmanuel before richelieu and alexandre longeron. both did a lot for the development of odessa and their names are immortalized on the map of the city for almost 20 years

, count mikhail sergeevich vorontsov was the governor-general of novorossiysk about this outstanding person, officials and managers in the plot of olga mokhova odessa is indebted to mikhail vorontsov, governor-general of novorossiya. the count was appointed may 19, 1823. at that time , 2 million people lived here under vorontsov - this figure will double, and the region itself still retained the features of the wild. fields, not everything worked out right after novorossia began to develop in the dark. yes, but it actually turned out to be at the beginning of the 19th century, in general, to start up, because, to put it mildly, it was not up to new russia, at the beginning of the 19th century, the napoleonic wars, and hmm and

the region turned out to be, in general, such an ownerless. yes , the fleet was not the best of times. half virgin novorossiysk region, waiting only skillful hands will write about mikhail vorontsov in the encyclopedia of the enemy and efron in the 18th-19th centuries vorontsov. surname, significant of the twelve chancellors of the russian empire, two representatives of this noble family, but even against the background of his famous family, mikhail vorontsov, a personality outstanding about vorontsov, then honor is a duty - this is, perhaps. most importantly, given that he was an aristocrat, as such cases of aristocratic blood and just from high society say. the highest cream that was, but at the same time it was the one a man who served russia as the son of the russian ambassador in london , mikhail vorontsov, who received a good education in england, could have stayed there, but he decided to enter the military service in russia, and chine could

serve in the guards in st. petersburg, but on his own initiative he went to the caucasus marked in many major battles he was wounded more than once. and he was distinguished by concern for the soldier, he was distinguished, personal. honesty. he. as a matter of fact, as you know, he paid off all the debts of russian officers, so to speak, with his own funds, when the army itself left france in 1818. in fact, alexander i knew that he could be relied upon, novorossia is in many ways a fertile region, but it is experiencing a shortage of water and forests, and the climate is not easy, but even in such conditions vorontsov risked betting on horticulture and viticulture. he established the production of fruits in the volumes necessary for the empire, revived the innocent factories built back in the dark, the famous crimean muscat modera helis dessert wines become popular brands in russia with this issue just under him hmm mikhail semyonovich vorontsov decided. try

to fight in order to at least equalize in percentage terms. profit from the production of own wine, although to make it equal to the production of c with import costs. being a pioneer is, perhaps, the main characteristics of mikhail vorontsov's activity in novorossia, on his initiative in 1823, the first steamship nadezhda will come here along the dnieper soon. it will begin to run regularly between nikolai and odessa, carrying passengers and small cargoes, then there will be a fairly large number of ships, which will actually cover all the routes to the danube and to constantinople and the caucasus novorossiysk e, crimea, respectively . this will all be the merit of vorontso. the development of trade in the black sea region to ensure the

passage of russian ships through the tourist straits are becoming the subject of his special attention. and, of course, odessa privoronsovo. here, the regime of the port of frank will fully work, the right of a duty-free university and the export of goods, and the city will become one of the centers of europe. trade must be told that odessa of course i got it. here are some such here, no cross-country, but then here the personal factor will be decisive if we come to odessa and i have been there several times, we see it in vorontsov's odessa, not potemkin's, but rostov's, dressed in the early twenties of the xix century collided , two bureaucratic geniuses and poetically young. pushkin, exiled to the south of russia for impudent poems, arrived under the supervision of count vorontsov, the carelessness of one jealousy or the other, but the result of their communication was the poet's evil epigram to the count researchers. still not agree on what actually happened in odessa between vorontsov's wife elizabeth and the loving pushkin

vorontsov insisted that pushkin a be sent from southern exile to his own estate mikhailovskoye in mikhailovsky pushkin, in general , became a great poet. so by and large . we can say that mikhalychkov also gave us the sun of russian poetry. in addition to the crimean muscat, pushkin 's epigram, meanwhile, could not and could not cross out the main thing, much of which is rich, novorossia. today it was founded under the governor-general vorontsov. obviously understanding. this is already in 1863. odessa. a monument was erected to him with an inscription to the most serene prince of grateful compatriots olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev is a typical novorossiya. that's all we wanted to tell you today was kirill vyshinsky see you soon.

nato, caliber, what are the consequences of what is happening now in sunday donetsk the united states and the american law to curb inflation , the president of france proposed his plan, how support local businesses? what will we tell in the economics section? the united states is in a new composition, but so far without a speaker, why the legislators, even after three attempts, could not

choose chairmen and how this affects political life, the united states predicts this christmas and at the end of the week weather forecasters promise the coldest 5 days of the first 21st century. ukrainian militants thrashed everything near donetsk , according to the joint control center, in 3 hours the apu fired almost fifty ammunition across the territory of the dpr, we will set fire to several areas at once, our special correspondent stanislav bernald. strong breaks in the work of uh, rszo grad well, and also, most likely, howitzer shells are loud enough to say that tonight in the kirov district, and it was