orthodox christians celebrate one of the most important holidays, christmas in moscow, at this moment the main service in the temple begins. christ the savior is being held by the patriarch of moscow all russia kirill . my colleague directly communicates. dmitry gorn. dmitry i welcome. there are many believers in the temple today. anton good evening he really is literally from a minute to a minute, and the patriarch of moscow all russia kirill should start this holiday of the nativity of christ, hundreds of people came to the temple and gradually continue

to stay here in the cathedral of christ the savior to spend this night with prayer and together with the same believers. but even more people millions of people will be able to see. this divine service is broadcast live on the central tv channels, in general, of course, it must be said that it is a holiday that unites and in many ways a family holiday. however, not only relatives. and uh, close friends come here. also here, people who are close in spirit simply believed people. today, after all, the service is a feature, and the patriarchs, what was my birthday about and i thought of such a wonderful gift for myself, it definitely happens, so over before christmas therefore one. this is probably one of the most important holidays, and it is incomparable with anything else. if you really believe in a miracle, then, probably, these miracles happen. so that this day for prayer, believers can really spend the whole day, from morning to evening and even until the next morning, in fact, and in the temple

and give glory to god, they ask for poor health for themselves and their loved ones. today, among others, from almost everyone , the wishes of a peaceful sky are heard with our heads. i have a christian. well, here i am georgia and i am pleased to be here, and in such a beautiful church to spend this holiday together with all christians of russia and non-russia. oh, the health and well-being of those who today are at the forefront defending our country and the faith thank you very much to the fighters who guard our home and that we can be here and believe in that bright, that the personality of our patriarch is waiting for us - this is a great personality and touch . here's to the

sermons that he says, this. well, this is very important for russian people, so i am happy that today i will listen to it. i will note that christmas has already come, it was already met in the far east in siberia, now they are already preparing to celebrate it, of course, in the central part of russia, and for those who did not manage to, did not find time to come to the church that night and get to the festive liturgy there will be an opportunity to get to it tomorrow, and they are also expected, of course, in most churches there are also holidays for service thank you and meet in new territories dmitry gordon on how christmas is celebrated in moscow program international review hello on air international bazaar in fedorov's studio today in the international review program

economics around the head the sharpest sphere of rivalry new niches for competition cultural wars through the abolition of the materials of our program from the private to the general. all hope for the youth of the politics of the future, who are they and how do they become leaders? happy new year merry christmas, even if it’s a weekend, but is it really time to relax and not keep abreast of the global pulse? international review cannot afford this, but you are calmer leave, the past year has redrawn the world economic picture and increased general social tension. society was just recovering from the downtrodden state associated with the pandemic, and here new

shocks , of course, should not be exaggerated or otherwise, but the world majority will probably pass in this. the law is probably different, what is happening is only a link in the chain cataclysms of various calibers that are destined for humanity in the coming years and it may turn out that geopo. lytic contradictions, perhaps the most obvious of all possible? but what society will face is much more incomprehensible. what to prepare for, we invited the most far-sighted, so that they illuminate the upcoming gullies with a searchlight of their intellect. our guests are anastasia likhacheva and oksana sinyavskaya hello nastya, we discussed the phenomenon a couple of months ago. the phenomenon was discussed in this studio. uh, economics, no

trust, so to speak, this is the situation, when the whole world is entangled in sanctions, measures, struggle, military actions, and so on, and how this affects economic development. eh, in 2023 . we will see a further dawn of this economy of mistrust or there may be backlashes . come on, that's how it is in japanese admiring the flowering. here we will have admiration for the economy, distrust, precisely because it is likely to flourish even more. yes, we apparently need to move in this direction for sure, that this will be fueled, for example, we already see very even strong changes. the mix of sanctions practices they are changing, but not to say that this is revolutionary new there is revolutionary new scale speed of pace, but what is changing is supervision and encouragement of others to comply with these sanctions restrictions, if before everyone was frightened by fines many, many, many hundreds of millions, then now they realized that the category of expenses in this situation is not enough and

frighten the problems and the practice of demonstrative vices through criminal prosecution begins. and these are one-time promotions, they don’t need much, you don’t need someone every day arrest for this. they will be, uh, more widespread, that is, not only distrust will be stimulated, but will be carried out very specifically from work, so that very specific people will not be trusted. yes, in this case, well, representatives of russian business. and here. we definitely will not be able to work only in the category. and profitability, that is, to convince to work with us only at the expense of a small commission from above or even a large commission from above, a limited number of people can be partners for quite limited spectrum for nomenclature. tnt but to cooperate in long projects in projects that require real trust. well , while construction is going on for 5 years, you need to somehow trust each other, and to create new systems. and here indeed. we'll have to apply much more to apply broader arguments than income, oksana well,

trust is not, probably, the social sphere of the concept is even more important than in politics. uh, and firstly, does it still exist, uh, under the same feeling that people have stopped trusting not only that they don’t they already know what will happen in this future, they do not expect anything good. this is recoverable in our people is no stranger. we have horizon planning. basically, he's not very tall. he's growing a little while has been stable. now he really plans. the horizon is about 3 months. yes, that's what will happen until the end of the degree, not long, but nevertheless it sits in everyone's head, but some kind of given structuredness of their life. they still think. that they will someday retire there, and then they will start helping, for example, their children or grandchildren or theirs there will be time for a dacha, that is, there are some milestones that remain, and such clues are always what will be planned for months of sodium, but at the same time it is very interesting that the level of trust in public institutions, if we look at our dynamics, and it is just for the

last years generally grew and connected. this was usually with a more or less successful passage of the crisis, according to the population. that is, for example, in our country it grew during the crisis of 8-9 years, when money was given to pensioners. with us , he grew up in the twentieth year, when they supported families with children, and in general this year it is also growing, despite the fact that we are a country as a whole with such an average level of trust in a public institution. she and i have a very high level of trust in each other, and this is the opposite of what anastasia was talking about. that is, if, on the one hand, we fall into such distrust at the macro level, then at the micro level, there has not been this growth of trust yet. that is, this is a general trend in the world. also in general, yes, you mentioned inequality inequality. this is such a scourge that, well, that is, we are talking about it we have been hearing for a long time, but the feeling is that it is developing only in one direction, that is, it does not even out in any way, but it is aggravated. and this is what we are doomed to this already on a global emotional scale, or the trend may still turn around. well, in order for him to

turn around. i am afraid that even more shock should pass, if we remember the twentieth century, then from the highest inequality. there the tenth years to more or less equality of the fifties passed two world wars. something is not very good yet, but the trends indicate that that inequality will grow and drive. here, no matter how ridiculous the expanding middle class will be, and china's india, which at one time allowed to reduce inequality. there from the nineties to the tenth years. so, then they reduced poverty due to this world inequality. it was declining between countries in that it grew beautifully within the country and within these too, and now world inequality will increase due to the fact that in china's india the number of the middle class is increasing. perhaps this is a subjectively wrong impression, but it seems that global problems that the latter have only been talking about there for more than 20 years. they have gone somewhere, being replaced by a problem that is very local, specific, in a sense, historically familiar, does this mean that

humanity’s priorities are changing now or global problems. whatever we have in mind, climate, water and all, they just faded a little bit in consciousness, but now how to return the record flooding for the last x years in some country and continue through a virtually three-year cycle of droughts and the central part of the united states in argentina for example, which is one of the largest suppliers of food. it will be well to this. in a sense , those for whom this is not a differential problem are cynically accustomed. and those for whom this is existence? problems, well, in general, problems are not solved from their experiences. and so next year, i would expect, i think it would be most interesting to see if developing countries, first of all, countries, south asia, african countries, will be able to achieve some generally sustainable solutions for insurance

of these existential risks, because if we don't have specialized banks to support the food trade, if we don't have a normal system of exchange, forecasting data, uh food crises, then uh it will. well, in general, such a rather bread story for a couple of weeks, but nothing more, and the problems themselves do not go anywhere . they naturally continue to work, but their value has happened very strongly . when it becomes not so scary, most become not so interesting. demography is an eternal topic. we have survived everything and measures, and our country in particular, first experienced a very pandemic shock, which affected many things. now we have entered, apparently in a period. e geopolitical upheavals, including wars and stuff, what does this mean for

the world. this is where we humanity is number of changes in numbers, firstly, like here, we have recently celebrated eight to eight billion, but uh, this will continue to develop, or we will safely start this business somehow to slow down. and what does that mean about that we will not start slowing down soon, somewhere in the second half of the 21st century. until then, we will grow, because not those who are fighting and not those who take good account, for example, in a pandemic, are growing. let the countries of asia africa grow africa africa will continue to grow absolutely insane growth in numbers due to the fact that they have access. now they may not die on basic medicines, but at the same time they also give birth a lot in this sense, this is the situation in the next 30-40 years there. she will not change drastically. and for us, this means that yes, we have certain losses. well that's for the generally developed world in a pandemic. these were, first of all, the losses of the older generation. and now the scale is not such as to

speak of any significant problems, but nonetheless. here i would say intergenerational relations. they are independent of demographics, they are certainly affected by all these events, because in the pandemic the entire developed world is faced with what it turns out they have, and it turns out they want stereotypes about the old men not to be on the streets and it is desirable. here, yes, we would all live the way they used to somewhere and but for the western values ​​that have been moving forward in recent years. it was an unexpected discovery, because before that it was believed that all of us are also a relic of the past, approximately, like the end of history. we all live in a world of friendship. we all love each other and so on. and in our country, according to our research, very often, on the contrary, it has led to the cohesion of generations, many, and older people told us that they were in a pandemic, finally turned out to be a family. it's so great. and now the conflict sometimes passes more acute for generations, but again, in our culture, it rather leads to anxiety for loved ones and, again, some kind

of cohesion at the micro level. let's see what will happen next, but in general, there is no such obvious conflict of generations for resources, moreover, in general, unfortunately it becomes clear that this is an aging population. it’s so simple, and you can’t replace the young and vice versa, it can’t just as easily replace the young, that is, problems, for example, but deficit compensation labor force that the aging of its population brings to us and other developed countries. other than migration. as before, you can't decide demographics in this sense either. extreme inertia for 20 years. we can absolutely say with certainty what will happen. but the world as a whole is here and taking into account the general temperature in the hospital, it is getting younger. for now, yes, but in the second half of the 21st century, it will begin to age. ugh good. but if this projects onto politics, try the changes that are taking place in countries with a large proportion of young population. even if they are ruled there, ah, if

they are led, uh, people are already of the third age, in my opinion, this is some correct impression of the fourth, and the development imperative that this growing, multiplying youth creates, it affects politics. we are seeing this, including in the forks of the post, even in strange central asia with uzbekistan, where many decisions today, internally political , internally economic, are dictated. well , simply because you walk the streets and see a country with a young population. i'm not talking about india pakistan well, about the countries of africa, oksana vyacheslavovna has already said, that is, if we shift this into the category of the existential interests of states for them , the category of development, it would not be good for this to happen and let's write a new modernization strategy. it's about the same. especially as a matter of fundamental national security, because there is this bomb, that if these people are not given work , they will not be given the opportunity, when they have created a family, to live somewhere, that is, to build these

new apartments, but to enjoy the benefits civilization then it will be, well, not social explosions. it will be quite a bloody mess, therefore, of course, it also affects russia in general, it creates certain opportunities, because despite the complexity of our economic situation. we still have a huge competitive advantage as a supplier of these basic elements of development. thanks a lot. our guests were oksana sinevskaya and anastasia likhacheva from the school of economics. thank god tested methods of counteraction from madrid dariya kustova pork bread will pass any road exactly this is how a well-known spanish proverb sounds. no wonder this southern country is the third largest wine producer in the world. this is the birthplace of the legendary sparkling cava and fortified sherry. rafael was immersed in the guilt of the industry since childhood and decided to continue the family business.

we follow the tradition of our village, where wine has been produced since 1713, but then this drink was reserved only for locals. residents, not for sale. my grandfather also make wine, but for himself. and my parents in 2000 decided to start selling it and set up vineyards in 2004. we already started making wine for sale, and a few years ago we founded our own brand to enter the international market. history, winemaking. in spain, not far behind france, spanish wines became popular only in the second half of the last century, the country spent most of the twentieth century in poverty and ignorance, then the civil war began, the franco regime and the loss world fish. in such conditions, it was not easy to make high-quality wine, and there was practically no one to buy it, nevertheless, the vines survived and a new generation of winemakers came to replace them. ale uniteya the spaniards began to prosper advancing. wines quite recently, of course, we are still far from the french

italians. but we are already working on the image. our fertile soil is a wonderful product. we simply do not know how to present it correctly, but we should not forget that we almost do not receive help from the government, especially in regions little known outside of spain a. after all, there is also a fashionable trend of the time - products of ecological origin, with which the shelves of wine supermarkets are clogged. there they are an exception. however, grow good grapes. without chemicals, it is almost impossible, so not all wineries can use eco-labels, and the requirements of the administration do not stop growing, the terminology of the wine industry. pretty strict. it is your responsibility to accurately indicate the origin of the wine on the label, and the same applies to the eco-label we are considered an environmentally friendly winery with in terms of minimal energy costs, the right choice of barrels and other fermentation tanks, despite the current situation in the world, the export of spanish wines has grown significantly in recent years compared to the main european competitors, according to

experts. the main reason for the growth. may become the cost of wine. after all, more or less, a decent bottle of italian wine. can cost 800 rubles. french is even more expensive, starting at 1,000 rubles. and above while nothing inferior in quality spanish wine can cost about 500 rubles. in currently, spanish wines are represented in more than 180 countries, among which the main customers are the usa germany china and the same france sector. winemaking seeks to enter the international market. and this cannot go unnoticed. we develop stable relationships with distributors and shops that already see and understand that the value for money of spanish wine is incomparable to any other. as a wine-producing country in the world, there is another important point, the natural modesty to show off with their achievements. not here accepted. many great wines go almost unnoticed. although some are many times superior to competitors, it’s not about the quality of wine, but in the state of the market, even the spaniards themselves

are divided into those who prefer beer and those who prefer foamy wine, perhaps because it is often served with a free snack when i meet with friends. we drink beer, of course, for some important events. you can also order wine, which is usually a family lunch or dinner, but the older generation prefers wine, by the way, during on a working day, you can often see spaniards with a glass of wine or beer. the industry creates jobs not only in the factories themselves and in rural industry. well, in such important areas as tourism, almost 3 million people visit the winery, the museum, the novelties of the routes of spain is also a prominent sector is the key to the fight. with the depopulation of the country's rural areas, wine is now an integral part of the mediterranean diet, however, without appropriate assistance from the government of the autonomous regions, the spanish winemaker will quite difficult to compete with other species, and the rising prices of production as a result of the energy crisis. they can

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ice cream. russian voice great incredible taste two potatoes for the price of one only in the app. previously, culture was often treated according to the residual principle, but now the times are not the same about originality, identity, everyone just talks about it, but their foundation is culture. yes, and show business has become total, thanks to super-mass communications, you won’t understand where it ends, but something

serious or a line begins, it’s generally impossible to talk about culture in the context of world politics, today we’ll talk with my einstein from the school of economics and georgy povsutov from institute for the study of china and modern asia hello colleagues. hello, the second year something very interesting happened. for us , international affairs experts seem to be a purely cultural phenomenon. this is the so -called cancellation culture, which the last been widely practiced for years. in the realm, there cinema show business and so on has been carried over. on international relations, that is, a whole big country. e, in general, became the object of this cancellation attempt, in the first place. uh, is it really the same, or maybe we embellish somehow by correlating, and secondly, as far as it is at all, perhaps, consal colcha. the culture of cancellation began, a rather, as an attempt to build feedback,

and in the case when this connection was absent. yes, that is, when the bottom ca n't reach the top and the question the organization of communities is transformed into an ideology, and here a very interesting trap lies in wait for us. well, something that seems to be similar to it. and many of us now even fukuyama we will not remember many fix. and the so-called end of the era of global ideologies. yes, that is, in our country, for more than half a century, a grandiose confrontation between the communist ideology and capital lasted for decades. classical and now, with the end of the soviet union, the global confrontation has ended, something must come to replace it. no wait. is it liberal global ideology is over. it was her opponent who left. imagine a picture when, here, and the absence of this

confrontation between two global ideologies should be replaced by something, and at first it seemed to be a consumer society. and brands as a replacement for ideology. and here we see a very curious moment. this does not work. it did not work, and then it turns out, but the ideology of the left. in general, in the states, first of all, which, no matter how i say the word appropriates, well, it sort of picks up, includes, draws into itself. seeing this one. this most powerful the potential of the culture of canceling the console, and it begins to draw it into itself, transform and broadcast it as an element of its own ideologies. but nevertheless, still coming back. this is possible when there is some kind of non-cultural moral and ethical monopoly. that's right. it's not, we're canceling it wrong. yes

, but these are parts of ideology, ideology always implies monopoly of course. in this regard , definitely. georgy, you are engaged in an extremely interesting topic, which, in theory , should oppose this very culture cancellation. in general, is it really possible to change the situation when in the world culture in the broadest sense, where western institutions and manufacturers dominate now and for a long time already, or diversification can occur. here is the destruction of this monopoly. and this is what we see that everyone is trying to limit, as it were, foreign content, including cultural content. true, so far unsuccessfully in this situation, of course, it is very difficult, but it is trying so hard to change something, and china, including increasing only, for example, the production of cultural blessings there movies music. and well, they are actively involved in the distribution of infrastructure, but they are very actively investing in american cinema networks, including, uh, the megaproject belt and

path uh includes a cultural component oh, sorry, but he invests in american cinema networks, but in these networks, then after all, chinese films do not show about the same hollywood and this is a difficult separate issue, but in fact, uh, american advice in order to sort it out. uh, trying to track how gradually china is trying to promote hmm let's say their ethical standards to gradually advance the agenda by controlling, that is, it still happens. i mean, if you're the owner, you have. yes, gradually it can happen, but i think that's uh. hmm . the key starter that comes before. uh, culture-themed secret look. this is accurate, as far as i can judge from their documents, but there it still dominates, but representation. about china how is it such a great division of civilization civilization with the richest cultural resources of civilization events.