that with novorossia she returned to russia a conversation with an expert of the program great administrators of a huge region governor count vorontsov novorossia the historical name of the regions that became part of the russian empire in the 18th century following the results of the russian-turkish wars, the term itself was coined by catherine the great by her royal decree in 1764 was formed novorossiysk province these lands. they stretched along the northern coast of two seas, the black sea and the sea of ​​azov, and were recaptured in different years from the crimean khanate and the ottoman empire. empires in the west. they reached the moldavian principality. today, these are the western borders of the odessa and nikolaev regions in the center and in the north, covering the current zaporozhye dnepropetrovsk kirovograd region and

part of the kharkov region, and in the east most of the dpr and lpr, the southern tip of historical novorossia. this is the crimea and part of the krasnodar territory, according to one of the versions of historians. the oak name novorossiya catherine followed the fashion of the 17th-18th centuries, then the open and annexed territories of the new world of north and south america were called new in relation to metropolitan areas. new england new holland new france and so on the first capital of novorossia for a short time was the current kremenchug in 1776, the city of yekaterinoslav was founded and named after st. in the reign of paul i, when any

references were erased from the map. at his unloved mother ekaterina , the grandson alexander the first returned the water to the name of his grandmother the border of the novorossiysk province repeatedly changed territories. and they were settled by settlers of different nationalities - russian serbs, ukrainians, greeks, germans and many others after the 1917 revolution during the civil war on the land of novorossia, the ukrainian people's republic of the donetsk krivoy rog soviet republic claimed the odessa soviet republic and other short-lived political entities. as a result, most of the historical new russia. the name novorossiya entered soviet ukraine, only history textbooks and began to be gradually forgotten in modern circulation. it reappeared after 2014,

when crimea was part of historical new russia. he returned to his native harbor, in another part of it, the donetsk and lugansk republics were formed , which, together with the territory of the kherson and zaporozhye regions, in september. 2022 became part of the russian federation so southeastern, new russia returned to russia four of the eight regions of its historical lands a more detailed look at the map and the history of this territory in the story anna efimova april 2 1764, a kind of starting point of modern novorossia, catherine ii with a stroke of the pen approves a proposal to create a new province of the russian empire, subjects predictably suggest calling it slavic catherine herself keeps only one remark to call the province novorossiysk until the 18th century,

these territories, in fact, were a wild field for centuries. nomads, and then the crimean tatars, were insensible here. since ancient times , the most important trade routes, the izyum chumatsky, ran through these lands. the way however to enjoy they have been unsafe since the dawn of time. ivan the great since the 15th century, hundreds of thousands of russian residents a year have been taken to the crimean slave market along these routes, and the largest slave market operates in the cafe of today's feodosia. uh europe asia is generally mediterranean. eh, this pool. and, of course, be patient. this position was impossible, and when hmm the question arose that russia should

also gain a foothold in the south seas , there was simply no other choice, these attempts were made by peter i after the victory over the swedes in the northern war of russia entrenched themselves in the baltic and then the tsar threw all his strength into strengthening the border of the state in the previously conquered azov, peter's campaigns were dictated not only. the interests of the russian state itself on its global policy, first of all, the relationship of europe with the ottoman empire, that is, in this case, we were fulfilling a pan-european order. we pulled over that part of the tatar cavalry, which, under other circumstances, could hit on business. the same european powers to protect the borders. peter for the first time mazepa's betrayal does not attract the cossacks , yet she left her mark, and the serbs and form the first serbian hussar regiment were subsequently accepted. zaveta petrovna

, the colony-settlement where they will live will receive the name new serbia in the cities of the serbian slavs, slavyansk, were just given even under e, empress elizabeth e, the so -called limiter is the cossacks, she is the cossacks who served in the austro-hungarian empire on the border. with this horror of europe , e, the turks, the orthodox border guards went over to the service of the russian empire very willingly for the oppression and policies of violent, not labeling, which were carried out by the austrian crown. but the authorities could not cope with the temptations. the head of the local administration, a colonel with a speaking surname croat, was convicted, as they would say now, of embezzlement on an especially large scale of money that st. petersburg allocated to support the settlers. he put in his pocket a historical fact that even reached hunger riots, but it was the corruption scandal that

largely served to form novorossia. catherine ii decided to take the situation under her strict control of it by decree of the novoserbian settlement. a few more autonomies were transformed into the novorossiysk province, and on the ground they were completely replaced by leadership. active settlement began, new settlers were provided with significant state benefits. paid for the move exempted from taxes and guaranteed freedom of religion. they came to a territory where there was no habitual agriculture, there were no habitual living conditions , completely different nature, climatic conditions. i mean, this is really it. new russia is so her so they called it because it was fundamentally different from the entire habitual russian territory because of its huge territorial acquisitions. at the same time, the ambitious novorossiya project was also required before the victory in the russian-turkish war. still, to some extent, he remained a pig in a poke. however, after the

ottomans were defeated, russia not only received a full access to the black sea, but also the right to hold. there is a merchant fleet and a navy. this predetermined the need for the fastest development and development of the region. entrusted to his serene highness prince grigory potemkin, who dreamed of turning the former wild field into a flowering thread. needless to say, he succeeded. new russia in the framework of the struggle against the ottoman empire, e. the annexation of crimea , just grew into a huge cultural and historical territory on which cities were founded, such as odessa, kherson , uh, mariupol, melitopol well, of course, uh, elizavet grad aleksandrovsk, the current zaporizhia simferopol and uh. v. in general, uh, a city worthy of worship, the city of glory of

russian sailors, sevastopol, it was actually the last one. uh, the last such golden klondike not only industrial, but also a klondike of meanings in europe at the turn of the 18th-19th centuries. an active search for coal and rue began here. in 1795 , the construction of the lugansk foundry began, which became the starting point for the development of south russian metallurgy. the region becomes not only an agrarian, but also an industrial center, first of the russian empire, and then we of the soviet union, in which the historical lands of novorossia, along with people and factories, were included by default in the composition has just been artificially created by the ussr after the collapse. the union did not get all this, respectively, the fallow one, it privatized the mines and industrial enterprises, continuing to squeeze the last resources out of them , and they also

tried to nationalize it with the population with only one difference in samastin and the nineties, however , it was possible to break the ties of one people, separated by drawn administrative borders until now, the russian language is absolutely dominant there, despite the fact that, well, 30 years of life as part of an independent ukraine it would seem that they could translate the uh population into ukrainian, because it is not difficult for a native speaker of russian to master the ukrainian language , if a person is an incomplete idiot, then bring it into ukrainian. maybe if he did not want to speak ukrainian by the mid-nineties in the state of independent ukraine, then he did not want to. it is known that history develops in a spiral and sometimes a feeling of deja vu is inevitable for me, when the formation of novorossia was finally predetermined by the annexation of crimea well , today it seems that the annexed crimea predetermines the future in borussia, she is still valery savelyev anastasia popova is typical of novorossia. about what novorossiya became in

its time for russia and why this term has returned to active circulation today, we will talk with our permanent expert, historian and political scientist alexander vasiliev. good afternoon sasha, hello, why is this term novorossiya, despite the fact that it has been more than 100 years old, it has not been active. eh, turnover, and, perhaps, was remembered only by historians. why he again today returned to the political lexicon already in the first edition great soviet encyclopedia. there it was indicated that novorossiya is an obsolete term until this moment this term was fully in use. moreover, uh, you know, it was not only of an official nature, because it was already at the beginning of the 20th century. we have an administrative unit, which was called so, so the general government no longer existed, but that was the name of the company. there is a russian society or there is a russian factory. this is the term jila. well , they used it in literature, that is, for example, and there is a phrase there on the coast of novorossiya,

bunin or then such a deceiver to bunin. taev already in soviet times, but nonetheless. that is, it was in everyday life, and suddenly, literally in 10 years, the word is declared obsolete. yes? why because it did not correspond, but to the leninist national policy, that is, the idea was that it was all ukraine yes, accordingly, no winding. why can’t russian there, right? the functionaries said that the word novorossiya was forgotten, and then, you know, this is such an amazing thing, but there was just one literally such an outbreak, when this word is again, as if returned to e, such use is the years of the great patriotic war. yes, oddly enough, but such a patriotic upsurge, but of the late stalin years. remember when such big films are being made. here is admiral ushakov, and here the film begins with the scene of a windburg for urgent reports from the empress, the governor of novorossia, prince of darkness, arrived. and this is already

the fifties, that is, the soviet audience still told him that there were no novorossiyas at all. no. it must be forgotten, in general, this word should be removed from use. and then suddenly without no explanation is said about it. yes, why, because it is impossible to describe such , well, the best pages of russian history on brighter victories. yes, and it is simply impossible to lose this word. yes, books about suvorov appeared where it began to be used, and so on and so forth, but then again, after some kind of wave, the wave subsided, which means that the word was sort of wiped out and finally. you are now in the political lexicon. and they introduced, well, according to my feelings in 2004, they introduced it for a very simple reason. that's when they counted in ukraine the results of the elections e yushchenko against yanukovych when electoral geographers mapped it, just the results of the vote, it's all just you know how they gasped? yes, because e is a map of that very e novorossiysk province there of the era of paul or there is a governor-general, and of the later and xix century it just just stood out.

yes, on this electrolytes it became clear that behind this is something more than just momentary. there's even intervention. west there is a struggle of some clans, that is, clearly under this most powerful historical foundation, and this historical foundation turned out to be this a region that, under certain real historical circumstances, has acquired certain features and retained these features, despite the fact that they tried to name this region. uh, to lose for 100 years, uh, erase and so on, yes, but i repeat, they lost only the name, but the essence that was hidden behind it. she didn't go anywhere . and how correct it is to call today those territories that became part of the russian federation, because this is, well, only a part of the historical new russia, novorossiya, as an administrative unit. she the first few decades of its existence was extremely fluid in terms of its specific boundaries. the outlines of the internal structure of the administrative a-a,

firstly, it was constantly expanding until 801 at the beginning of the reign. e, alexander i, these were constant perturbations, that is, they were looking for the optimal form, then they already came to three, so to speak, canonical provinces, yekaterinoslav kherson tauride, yes, plus. uh, then bessarabia. yes, a formal one, or rather, not formally. i would say the capital. just the location of the general became governor, odessa yes, which was. well, so to speak, not even provincial cities. that is, it was all constantly in the dynamics of the name. i think it is absolutely correct, because it is embedded in them today. and the same idea, which was actually laid down in uh, still by catherine, and the way of implementation. this e idea is justified by the use of this name novorossiya. the administrative structure was very mobile, dynamic, the borders changed in the eighteenth-nineteenth century. what's in it remained always unchanged, what it was yes, definitely for the black sea fleet

and that is, it is simply that force, thanks to which it took place and which then stood guard, er, this region. yes, and the fleet is based in sevastopol, but in order to build this fleet it needs to be built in nikolaev. and in order to be able to build it, you need to mine metal , you need energy to mine coal. e, as in that era, the main one, means an energy carrier. yes, this is donbass, this is such a triangle with us, which here between the black sea, donbass, and crimea overlapped. he became like this, well, a kind of construction that connected all this, and they were already superimposed on it. and there, well, moments like i don't know. here, for example. uh, vladimir dal yes, i really like to give this example - this is a check, the father of whom he arrived. uh, to work as a doctor at the lugansk plant, and then he moved. yes, he then moved to nikolaev because both the plant and, in fact, belonged to the maritime department in ra. these are departments, they rotated there and then the distance itself began,

as a naval officer, chernomor told you the baltic fleet, and then became one of the people who created the canon of the russian language, the struggle, yes, today for novorossiya. she starts saving the russian language. this is what the distance once created as a native of there, it turned out to be very valuable for the people who are in this space. e, they continued to live and continue to live to this day and are so valuable that they were ready to stake everything on this card, if only to fight for their native language. thank you very much for a very interesting story. novorossiya, perhaps the most rapidly developing territory of the russian empire , new cities were laid here, the black sea fleet was built, huge fertile lands were plowed up and developed. all this needed clear administration and strict centralized management of the borders of novorossia, which changed several times during the

reforms of the russian empire. this territory was both a separate province and part of the yekaterinoslav locality and novorossiysk, the bessarabian governor-general, which united the black sea lands in 1874 for about a hundred years, the single administrative unit novorossiya was abolished, and the administration of the kherson yekaterinoslav tauride and bessarabian provinces began to be carried out on a common basis. the most famous administrator of this region was the governor of yekaterinoslav, prince grigory potemkin, tavrichesky, in total, novorossiya was ruled at different times by 15 governor-generals. among them is the favorite of catherine the great, the commander of the black sea fleet, platon of the teeth, general of the cavalry. ivan khelson, who managed to pacify. pugachevskoe the uprising was led by french

aristocrats who fled from the revolution in the 19th century emmanuel, and alexander spar also decided. both did a lot for the development of odessa and their names are immortalized on the map of the city. for almost 20 years , count mikhail sergeevich vorontsov was the governor-general of novorossiysk about this outstanding person officials and managers in the story of olga mokhova the famous potemkin staircase primorsky boulevard, the first public library , owes many of the iconic buildings of odessa to mikhail vorontsov, governor-general of novorossiya the earl was appointed on may 19, 1823. at that time , 2 million people lived here near voronsovo. this figure will double, and the region itself still retained the features of the wild. the fields didn’t work out right after novorossia began to develop, and not yes, but it actually turned out to be at the

beginning of the 19th century, in general, it was launched, because, to put it mildly, there was no new russia, and at the beginning of the 19th century the napoleonic wars, and hmm and the region turned out to be, in in general, such an ownerless. yes , the fleet was not the best of times. half virgin novorossiysk territory, waiting only for a skillful hand, so they write about mikhail vorontsov in the encyclopedia of vragauz and efron in the 18th-19th centuries in the vorontsov surname, significant of the twelve chancellors of the russian empire, two representatives of this noble family, but even against the background of his famous family, mikhail vorontsov is a personality, outstanding about vorontsov, then honor and duty - this, perhaps. most importantly, given that he was an aristocrat, as such cases of aristocratic blood and just from high society say. the very highest cream that was, but at the same time it was the

man who served russia as the son of the russian ambassador in london , mikhail vorontsov, who received a good education in england, could have stayed there, but he decided to enter the military service in russia, and in no way could he to serve in the guards in st. petersburg, but on his own initiative went to the caucasus , he was noted in many major battles more than once. and he was distinguished by concern for the soldier , he was distinguished, personal. honesty. he. as a matter of fact, as you know, so to speak and from his own funds he paid all the debts of russian officers when the army itself left france in 1818. in fact, alexander i knew that he could be relied upon, novorossia is in many ways a fertile region, but it is experiencing a shortage of water and forests, and the climate is not easy, but even in such conditions vorontsov risked betting on horticulture and viticulture. he established the production of fruits in the volumes necessary for the empire, revived the innocent factories built back in the dark, the famous

crimean muscat modera kheris dessert wines it is under him that brands become popular in russia with this question, just mm mikhail semyonovich vorontsov decided. try to fight in order to at least equalize in percentage terms. profit from the production of own wine, although to make it equal to the production of c with import costs. the diversity of the scale of deeds , the passion to be a pioneer, is perhaps the main characteristics of mikhail vorontsov's activities in novorossia, on his initiative in 1823, the first steamship will come here along the dnieper, hopefully soon. he starts regularly ply between nikolaev and odessa carrying passengers and small cargoes, then a fairly large number of steamers will appear, which will actually cover all the routes to the donai and to

constantinople and the caucasus novorossiysk e, crimea, respectively. this will all be vorontsov's merit. the development of trade in the black sea region to ensure the passage of russian ships through the tourist straits are becoming the subject of his special attention. and, of course, odessa love spell. here, the right of a duty-free university and export of goods and the city will become one of the centers of european trade, i must say, odessa, of course, has found here. here is such a kind of beauty it was then a love spell. this is where the personal factor will be decisive if we come to odessa. and i have been there several times ; we see exactly vorontsov's odessa, not potemkin's, but rostov's clothes , it was in odessa in the early twenties of the 19th century that two geniuses of bureaucrats and poetically young collided. pushkin, exiled to the south of russia for impudent poetry, arrived under the supervision of count vorontsov, whether carelessness jealousy of one or the other, but the result of their

communication was the poet’s evil epigram to the count , the researchers still do not agree on what really happened in odessa between his wife elizabeth vorontsov and the loving pushkin. vorontsov insisted that pushkin and from the southern exile they sent him to his own estate mikhailovskoye in mikhailovsky pushkin, in general , became a great poet. so by and large . we can say that mikhail semyonovich vorontsov also gave us the sun russian poetry. in addition to the crimean muscat , pushkin's epigram, meanwhile, could not and could not cross out the main many things that novorossia is rich in. today it was founded under the governor-general vorontsov. obviously understanding. this is already in 1863. odessa. a monument was erected to him with an inscription to the most serene prince of grateful compatriots olga mokhova anastasia popova valery savelyev is a typical novorossiya.

that's all we wanted to tell you today was kirill vyshinsky see you soon.

for my older brother for all the coffeemongers and ask is to survive and reach and there is no choice, the righteous by chance is.

what a tolerant animal cheburashka we watch in order to spend time with children, we watch russian cartoons and children's programs for free without registration.

completely dependent on the weapons and money of the west, this was stated by the former us secretary of state condoleezza rice, the head of the pentagon, robert gates , in a joint article for the washington post against the backdrop of a military impasse, the pressure of the west on kiev will grow and so the authors believe, and then the situation will become irreversible ukraine according to rice gates will finally turn into a density, a drug addict who has sat down on the needle of western aid to force moscow to change plans with sanctions and threats, and it is already impossible to say so in an article.