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hello. kirill vyshinsky is with you, and this program is typical of novorossiya. our new name says it all, we will talk about the territory that has returned to its historical roots. about novorossiya. we will continue to follow the ukrainian processes. we will analyze them. and yet today, in our opinion, it is much more interesting to observe how life in the donbass , zaporozhye, kherson regions, will change in new russian regions with the help of a careful look at the history in borussia. we will try reveal the originality of her present day, find in it the typical features of the new and recognizable

signs of the past. and that's what we'll talk about today. chumatsky black and muravsky way the history of the land road, crimea crimean corridor conversation with the program expert the longest route in europe along which water comes to crimea for a long time, the road to crimea was a strategic direction for the movement of people and goods, a difficult test for merchants , travelers and military people here the legendary path from the varangians to the greeks went along the dnieper, in which not only boykaya left trade, but also went on campaigns to constantinople squads of the kiev princes along these roads, the cavalry of the steppes made on the run

to the russian lands. the crimean tatars and nogais brought, captured in a balloon, the inhabitants of the principality of lithuania and the muscovite kingdom to unwittingly worms of the current feodosia, the famous chumansky also went to the crimea. the way connecting in the sixteenth nineteenth centuries the ports of the azov and black seas with marusya and central russia by the most famous routes to the crimea of ​​the xvii century. there were two well-worn roads black and muravsky on them. cookie carriers salt brought in strings of their vases drawn by black shafts. the path began at the perekop isthmus, then through zaporozhye. the steppe went west towards the traditional grain regions of volyn and the tokens called it black because of the constant dangers of robber attacks, muravsky. way it was in ancient times that the salon route stretched from the

crimea and from the sea of ​​\u200b\ u200bazov to the northeast through the extent of the present donbass through the lands and southern russia towards kursk orel and tula. the first odessa bolta appeared in novorossia in the second half of the 19th century, it went for state money and lasted about 3 years, the project supported the last gu in every possible way. at the end of the 19th century, the novorossiya general pavel kosyba extended the road through kharkov to moscow in soviet times, a transport corridor from central russia to the crimea to the azov and black sea coasts, which ran through the historical lands of novorossiya. was one of the busiest after the events of 2014, ukraine interrupted road and rail links with russia and stable traffic

transport between the peninsula and the rest of russia was restored only thanks to the construction of the crimean bridge, and in june 2022 russia opened a land corridor to the crimea and made road communication with the peninsula again available on the mainland , but numerous trucks are already starting to converge on the junk from here. they move towards the nearest checkpoint and checkpoints. inspection road is not always easy. we are at customs, customs, we make out, well, 10-15 minutes. but to get to the customs here, at this dzhankoy customs, here is an x-ray. i'm not saying anything, we went through x-ray problems. no. well, to get to this legend. we

arrived at the border at 8:00 am, and left it at 5:00 pm last time, somewhere the same approximate distance. we crossed it in 3 hours. sergey kulakov a trucker with experience driving more cargo. for 30 years now, it has been sergey-style, it has left the whole of europe, but now it is a priority route in its transport company for objective reasons changed today, crimea is one of the most sought after and important strategic areas. in general, if it ’s more convenient to figure it out here, firstly. and even closer in terms of mileage. no one even argues about this, is not going to argue, but it’s just that there are just some nuances here, checkpoints at checkpoints and sometimes for hours. we stand safety requirements, of course, no one has canceled. the actual land corridor to the crimea just started working at full capacity after the terrorist attack on the crimean bridge, the crossing had to unload the route from genichesk khersonskaya areas to the new azov dpr were restored as soon as possible. now

the repair work is already at the finish line. we transport almost all the problematic sections of the golden road in goose-crystal sodas, we constantly carry, we endure small road inconveniences there. and so for the crimea well, of course, this supply is like the blood artery, you can say, where else can such ferry cargo supports be handled . hundreds of trucks, and when it comes to perishable products, the delivery time should be predictable, last time it was 8 days on the ferry. e, stood in a safe queue normally after 2014, the crimean peninsula, which decided in a referendum to cool down into russia for several years, actually turned into an island ukraine blocked all transportation and delivery of goods through its

territory for dessert, having prepared energy and water blockade, according to the principle of dominoff desolation also came logistics on the mainland of neighboring kherson and danilov regions. uh, after 14 years, and all this transportation is dead. uh, ukraine did not let the bus pass through dns and lpr. they got to the checkpoints, then people were transplanted, and actually any border crossing by a citizen of ukraine in the dpr of the lpr. it was considered a violation of the state border of ukraine, the construction of the crimean bridge solved the problem with transport access. you're peninsulas, however, it was still the only connection with the mainland. now there is an alternative overland route the route, about 300 km long, runs along the coast of the sea of ​​azov on the way from the crimean dzhankoy to rostov-on-don , the driver passes melitopol, berdyansk , mariupol and novoazovsk, goods are transported daily along the new

route sotnir. cautious with truck drivers in the first phase passed. today, this is already the main uh, our cargo flow, uh, which goes in this direction, about 370 trucks. daily. uh, passes through the formation of columns so that, uh, there are no additional problems with the inspection not on one post. they didn't stop us everywhere, they made us a green corridor, right good. thanks everyone. that is, as it were very convenient , much more convenient than going home. in the future, of course, we will also talk about the full restoration of communication by rail, which was interrupted in 2015 . at the moment, the railway lines are more of local importance in terms of infrastructure. they are still cut off from the main russian rail network. and this route is not the most successful, because a-a itself is a branch that connects

moscow with crimea it went straight through well, and now, in fact, it goes straight through kharkov, this is dnepropetrovsk. but what is implemented now is a bypass route. but the idea to connect crimea and the southern coast of the caucasus with a railway transport corridor, how did you do it? the crimean bridge is by no means on you. it arose back in the soviet years and was implemented in 1953 in the form of a ferry railway across the kerch strait, the ferry ran regularly until the collapse of the ussr, and it was decided to revive the idea of ​​such transportation in our time at the beginning of the 2000s, when contacts between the presidents of russia and ukraine, vladimir putin and leonid kuchma, were frequent and, as it seemed, and so on. dear valleys danilovich putin even stated that with

the opening of the ferry, freight traffic between russia and ukraine would become 30% cheaper. vladimir putin added that this is a good symbol. and one more line of communication between russia and ukraine, however, in further ambitious projects to organize a transit transport hub between the northern caucasus and the ports of the northern black sea region, so and remained on paper. it was a period. eh, president kuzma decided that a capsule was buried in the construction of the bridge. all this was very solemnly interesting and it was already justified then that this was the most direct way and of europe, of course. this is a colossal colossal economic effect. if it all worked, president yushchenko would not have agreed on the examination of this project, if they had agreed on the hub, if it weren’t for the maidan in a continuous word, if the subjunctive mood of which, as you know, history does not tolerate and she orders. las, they built the bridge in their own way, but the truth is already under other forced circumstances. and judging by how many tons of cargo are

transferred daily to the crimea and back and one bridge, there are few anna and the seventh lyris anastasia popova is a typical folk. today we will talk about the history and features of the functioning of the land corridor to the crimea with our permanent expert, political scientist and historian alexander vasiliev. sasha good afternoon sasha opening of the overland corridor through the perekop championship. it's just a fact of geography such, as it were, so to speak, the standard transport scheme. or is it something more , after all, there is something in this and from historical justice. well, there is a saying that geography is destiny, including historical destiny. of course, these are interconnected things and are imprinted. but if , ah, we remember the era when the territories

were just entering the russian orbit. yes, then, uh, we will see that the territories are beyond there, so to speak, by digging. now perekopa, but they were a single space, of course, perekopa this is my outbid, there were fortifications that simply covered the entrance to the crimea in a convenient place, you know what to remind you that in history, in general, no one has yet succeeded, and moreover, in a variety of forces, red and white. in the great patriotic war at the beginning of our later, the germans did not succeed in seriously for them, so to speak, to catch on, yes, and if the enemy controlled, uh, hmm, the nearest cool mainland and not without reason. that's when all this had already taken shape administratively as part of the russian empire, then, and the tauride province included by no means, not only crimea yes, but also the mainland terrestrial three counties on the mainland or poplar berdyansk and e, dnieper and then only after the revolution. but the seventeenth year and the victory of the bolsheviks in the civil war. after that, we know that

crimea was separated in a separate and at the same time surprising way, while the old province is at the level of local self-government. it was preserved, people kept the connection with these mothers. i am here with crimea because there was a feeling that we would return to normal functioning of interaction with the mainland lands that are adjacent to crimea north. of course, being cut off from the mainland, crimea turns out to be, well, in an unenviable position, it becomes vulnerable in many respects. i spoke there about the military about the economic, has not lost its meaning. uh, this land corridor to the crimea after the appearance of the crimean bridge. i always thought they lost. and, you even know, you can often talk about it, but i remember 414 . and that then there was such an opportunity to take mariupol, maybe go further. so it turned out not to be implemented, and many believe that it was cheaper. generally, rather than building a bridge, in fact a bridge, uh, it is certainly needed as well and it is clear that one

bridge. well, it is impossible to fully satisfy the needs, not only of crimea, but , uh, crimea is also an exporter, that is, there uh in both directions. here is this passenger traffic, and then something else interesting, and what we here, no matter how they do not fully understand, that these new annexed territories, yes, kherson zaporozhye regions, after all, they are in the absence of a full-fledged one. and so to speak, connections with the rostov region there, roughly speaking, through donbass after all, they were tied up in the same way, and in the supply, not only in the military supply, but in the civilian supply. and in the crimea, that is, it worked. we have such a huge loop across the bridge, yes, so that we , with one, so to speak, reach our right ear with our left hand, and then there was a memorable ukrainian terrorist attack, which we should perfectly understand that well, this is, as it were, no this is an accident, if the enemy yes is vulnerable from the point of view of logistics, then in any war you need to wait for a strike there. here,

that's what happened in the end, and we understand that e takes everything there. what security measures are needed cannot be 100% ruled out, but of various kinds. the defeat of this transport artery in the future, therefore, it is clear that under these conditions, a full-fledged, uh, connection with uh, so to speak, with the russian heartland. yes, through e, not through the kuban bridge and crimea yes, but directly through the rostov region. yes, it is certainly very important. well, from all those who are very visionary there with the economic, probably in the first place. yes, i'm military now, as it were, aspects, and not touching, but here you need to understand that this corridor is full-fledged even today. now, purely in terms of infrastructure, i’m saying that it didn’t work. why because we have a highway. and why is this highway very interesting. here they made the father's sea, and this road is part of the european transport corridor, if i'm not mistaken, e58, which

connects, and rostov-on-don with vienna. that is, it’s generally in the late soviet era, a transport corridor was built there in the eighties, because vienna is always here austria was so neutral. even in soviet times, it was relatively to us, but it was loyal and now we see that in general in europe it’s not the most anti-russian, but the state corridor and there were also large projects on the creation of a full-fledged, but motor road around the entire black sea. it was very interesting to discuss all this with turkey. that was the road, but it is, despite this status ukrainian times. so, i don't know, you've been there, you've traveled recent years, she's been, well, in a terrible state. she was not very good, so to speak, in good quality, all sorts of bkv, branches, generally terrible, to be honest, that's why, when she got it now, as it were, to us, otherwise i even saw it with my own eyes on a huge scale. uh, road work is simple, because here it cannot function to carry

such a load, but i repeat. this is just a highway. and there is also a railway line. yes , of course, they kharkiv is not easy, but nevertheless, there are glands there. road, but today it's a railroad. here, in the area between the volnovakha and donetsk itself, it is very close to the front line. that is, it cannot be used. but when the military situation allows and it will be possible to launch a full-fledged railway line along the entire factory sea, of course, this will be very important and above this, as if seriously ready for this. and what else besides the factor of its own and in general , the consequences of hostilities can interfere traffic on this transport code, and besides this. well, too. uh, everything related in one way or another to his just isn't directly related to the fighting. unfortunately bandwidth . here is not only the state of the road surface on which they are seriously working, but also these various checks of the stop there, perhaps, excessive

expansion of capacity. this is probably the number one task in order for transport to fully work. now it's still a huge load of cargo that is meant to be recovered. mariupol, on the same entry point in the novozovskaya area, in fact, a huge transit traffic is superimposed. plus a military one, as it were, well, of course. yes, so to speak, with your cargo, all this together, and here is a series of such narrow bottlenecks that directly need to be embroidered, and purposefulness, when such an intense transit occurs around it, by itself begins, well, life develops. yes, some hotels, refueling shops, markets are overgrown with such a one, as it were, which does not require any investments from the state, people themselves, so say on their economic initiative. and this is very important. especially for this part, which is adjacent to mariupol volukhi, which suffered intensively from hostilities, unlike, for example, the zaporozhye region. yes. and this is also very important

for this but the traffic, so to speak, transit to the crimea and back, and he, well, increased his momentum. thank you very much for a very interesting story. another waterway to crimea was blocked by ukraine in 2014, when it fell asleep and blocked the channel of the north crimean canal. this is the most an extended irrigation canal in europe was built in the sixties of the last century, even under the ussr, with its appearance , the threat of drought on the peninsula was at least reduced. difficult water made it possible to develop crop farming in crimea and even create rice plantations . 80% of the water from the canal was used for agriculture and industrial fish farming. in ponds, and only 20% was supplied for water supply to cities and osyol

after ukraine blocked the canal , the water shortage in crimea amounted to about 260 million cubic meters per year, despite a number of measures to improve water supply. including well drilling, the problem became more serious in the summer. in 2021, crimeans faced a transition to water supply according to the schedule, the shallowing of the reservoirs of the peninsula due to a three-year drought after the start of a special military operation managed to establish control over the kakhovskaya hydroelectric power station and all technical facilities along the channel of the north crimean canal. in the kherson region, the canal was unblocked and the water. i went to crimea about the history of this unique hydraulic construction and its present day in the plot of olga mokhova in 1951 mud of the ussr in a series of

great lines of communism issued a stamp dedicated to the north crimean canal. that year , a decision was made to start its construction. however, such construction could have begun even under the tsarist regime, for the first time the idea of ​​supplying dnieper water to the crimea was publicly expressed in the 19th century by the founder of the nikitsky botanical garden. christian russian botanist of swedish origin idea. e, the construction of the north crimean canal for the first time e, clearly crystallized in 1833, when in the crimea there was a very big drought and there was a famine , and many villages in the north of the crimea were deserted. in addition, this decision was already outlined in 1888. after that was the second second very big drought that took over. including the south of russia was even created a project, but the amount for its implementation. it turned out from the sixteenth year, and soon the empire was no longer completed , the bolsheviks returned to this issue in the

twenties of the last century. then the first reservoirs appeared in the crimea, but for a detailed consideration of projects for land reclamation of the crimea and the kherson region of ukraine began only in the fifties. they were there for fantastic, for example. uh, the sea of ​​azov to do the press. yes, but there was a project of water from the kuban, which was difficult to implement, but in the most realistic one, there was just neprovskaya water. he won the preparation for the construction lasted 10 years in 1961 it was declared nationwide and 10.000 komsomol volunteers gathered here, from all over the country the canal, then they would call the name of the lenin komsomol before the builders explored the soil sappers of the great left the patriotic there are a lot of unexploded ordnance here, then archaeologists. after all, near the crimean land. the big story is these 400 km, which is the length from kerch to kerch in reality. this is 11,000 km of

various irrigation systems. moreover, if before the crimea - this water flowed by gravity, then a completely different process begins, because it rose at least 80 m, and it was necessary to regulate all this with these pumping stations. at first, the canal was made earth, but the loss of water. went up to 40% and his concreted in 1963, water from the dnieper came to krasnoperekopsk in the seventy-first to the kerch peninsula and a little later to kerch in the first place of the north crimean canal. passed in the seventy-eighth year, the second in the ninetieth volume of water supplied. e through the north crimean canal in the late nineties at the beginning of the 2000s was 1 billion 400 million cubic meters of water, of which 300 million cubic meters were used for the needs of e, household drinking water supply and a billion 100 e was used for agricultural water supply during the soviet years, the volume of irrigation area. there was

less irrigated land in the union, but still, watering did not stop until 2014; in 2017, the supply of water for irrigation decreased 30 times, and the area actually watered the earth decreased from 136,000 hectares to 14,000. if we were talking about the translation of the cinema of the beginning of the century , and we said that on 18-19 at the beginning of the 20th year dry years were recorded, the lack of water. before the population of the beginning of the century was about a million 800,000 years. i remember correctly. now we have more than two. and somehow you need to water such a population you need yes to supply it with water and need to feed it for the last 8 years, farmers and reclamators have been working to ensure that crimea becomes self-sufficient in the production of agricultural products, which, in view of the lack of water supply , was a rather difficult task, according to the estimates of a special working group. bring the region the damage from the blocking of the north crimean canal amounted to almost one and a half trillion

rubles over these years, when we collided. with the drought of 2018-2020, a number of additional measures were implemented that made it possible to overcome this drought without water north of the crimean canal. e, so now the main meaning of e, he acquired the status of agriculture. it was the hosts who took advantage of the appointments of resuming the supply of water through the north crimean canal . as a result, in 2022, the first crop in eight years was brought in and harvested , the crimeans expect an increase in vegetable and horticultural crops, as well as an increase in fish production in the north of crimea, which used to be famous for their fish farms olga mokhova anastasia popovova typical news . this

everything we wanted to talk about. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. see you soon.

sergey garmash and cheburashka are ready and there are differences in behavior between a man and a woman . this is conditionally some kind of parallel agenda in the new releases of our podcasts.

information hour, we start with news from solidarity, as stated in the ministry of defense , the city is being stormed, the airborne forces unit blocked it from the north and south, and the aerospace forces strike at the strongholds of the ukrainian army the military department was told in detail about what is happening in the main areas of hostilities, as well as about new strikes on enemy units and infrastructure with the details of denisave. solidar is now in the cauldron of russians.