nuclear leg weapons are not found in nature. where to get so much plutonium to fill a bomb with it, already at that time it became clear that a large amount could not be produced at accelerators, and therefore the emphasis on plutonium production began to be shifted to the reactor. in the spring of 1944, kurchatov wrote to stalin for the first time, scientists outlined the main problem - the lack of uranium for the construction of the reactor, a copy of the note got to molotov and take it, but no decisions were made in the kremlin then kurchatov decided to turn to beria this time he the scientist wrote in no way, but rather, as a far-sighted politician, a concentration of scientific and engineering forces unprecedented in scale in the history of world science has been created abroad, which have already achieved valuable results, to give

an indication of such an organization of work that would correspond to the capabilities and significance of our great state in world culture moved from dead points , important decisions of the state defense committee were adopted, and he became the head of the atomic project personally. that kurchatov in fact, he chose his own leader indirectly indicated a number of documents. and recently, historians of the kurchatov institute found direct confirmation of their guesses. in the safe of the scientist , an inconspicuous document was kept among the drafts for 1944 in one of the points that he indicated was appointed directly by the head of work on the use of comrades inside atomic energy. well, this document is of interest, because

here kurchatov, as it were, assumes that he was in advance to take the head of the use of atomic energy inside. back in march 1942 beria informed stalin about what work was being done in the atomic sphere abroad and how far the american and british scientists managed to advance. information about the american nuclear program was obtained by the best personnel of the soviet foreign intelligence, i cannot but note that the americans and the british took truly draconian security measures to protect information about their work. however, the soviet scouts were able to bypass all these obstacles and obtain much-needed materials for the creation of the soviet nuclear shield. kurchatov

understood that beria was exactly the person who could provide the atomic project with the necessary scale for coordinating the speed of secrecy, despite his exceptional position in the party government in the world , he found time for personal contact with people who interested him. even if these people did not have high titles and high positions. against pain, there is askofen p, an anesthetic with paracetamol at an affordable price, and askofen ultra enhanced composition to combat migraine and other types of pain only in lenta ready-made food lenta fresh always freshly delicious, we cook for you according to your favorite recipes from fresh products. choose lenta fresh products from lenta's own cooking, caesar roll for 109 rubles. an apartment in moscow is just two or three

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business and other measures to support entrepreneurs in the center of my business. i help to recover and reduce the risk of complications from a cold. on august 45, the united states forced humanity will shudder twice with horror. having dropped nuclear bombs first on the japanese city of hiroshima, and after 3 days on nagasaki, the

only time a bomb was dropped on people. this is not thought done americans killed hundreds of thousands of people. 12.5 kilotons 150,000 people the soviet leadership understood that the only way to stop the united states was to create the same formidable weapon, so the atomic project immediately became the highest state priority. kurchatov himself begins to work at the limit of human capabilities, a special committee headed by august forty-fifth of the year. about yulia 53, before the day of his arrest, he held more than

140 meetings, they already talked about it in itself, that is, it worked. this state machine adopted more than a thousand resolutions, and kurchatov took part in all of them at all disposal. under them, kurchatov took part in the preparation and relied on his knowledge on his experience on his approach. the time factor was also critical, since our country, while in solving the problem of creating atomic weapons, was in a position that, according to the estimates of american intelligence services, was catching up with the soviet the union needed at least another 10 years to create atomic gods in january 1946, the first documented took place. confirmed meeting of kurchatov with stalin in the same year, for

security reasons, kurchatov built a two-story mansion right on the territory of secret laboratory number two, which everyone began to call the forester's hut, when they launched the first reactor on vasily of this house and that means the new year we met on the eve of the forty-seventh year on december 31 . so they opened the tables from this window to the opposite one and the whole institute atomic energy of those years fit. here in these two rooms. in 1946. kurchatov directed all the forces of laboratory number two to create a uranium-graphite reactor f1. which means the first physical plutonium on it, the filling for the future bomb was already produced in weight quantities for safety reasons, the reactor was built underground at a

depth of ten meters. manual work went around the clock in the strictest secrecy in the documents of objects. appeared, as an assembly workshop or a building to the kurchatov building, according to the recollections of the staff of laboratory number two, a special encryption system was used, the boiler was called an electrolyzer. instead of the word uranus , they used silicon. and all the participants in the assembly of the reactor, the youngest of whom was only 15 years old, wrote a non-disclosure agreement about the nature of the work being carried out. here is the first physical reactor f1 actually. it was absolutely the main foundation stone for the creation of the nuclear industry. you and i must understand that the nuclear industry has emerged. here from this of a small building, this small building was

the main thing that kept peace on earth and that left our country as a sovereign state for the construction of this most complex kurchatov installation, it took only 16 months for a submarine of those times during the war, yes, the forties is a telescope that you can watch that going on there, and going on up there, like the top of the row. here kurchatov looked through the periscope and saw the height of the rods. we watched and listened to see if the reaction went, if suddenly the reactor would go into disarray and would begin to go to, roughly speaking, in the direction of an atomic explosion, then further here lay, an ax with which these cables were cut. and the rods fell from above and silenced the reactor; the americans drag them in with the help of complex expensive mechanisms. and as intelligence, in this case, so far it has shown how they do complex things that are not necessary. it will be difficult and expensive. you see here is an example from this console, on the evening of december 25, 1946

. kurchatov launched the first nuclear reactor in eurasia, scientists rejoiced. uranium with graphite spoke in russian atomic energy, obeyed man. the next day, beria arrived at laboratory number two to see with her own eyes the controlled chain reaction of the fission of uranus, but since it can be tracked only by instruments, the sight did not impress the arrows. as they say, the bulbs are deflected , the tubes are flashing, he recalled that when he left, he said to kurchat and burned someday when he would . after 3 days, kurchatov wrote the country's leadership with the help of a graphite boiler built by uranus. we are now able to solve the most important issues and problems industrial production and use of atomic energy rudder intelligence. in this

case, you can not underestimate without intelligence. we could have been fooling ourselves into the body for a very long time intelligence, which made it possible, since the americans were ahead, it showed the path they were following, he was right. we knew for sure that we had to go quickly to make a bomb. here in this alignment and intelligence - it was the searchlight that allowed kurchatov. verify the calculations further operating experience f1 allowed to start construction in the urals in the city of ozyorsk industrial-scale reactor a1 which scientists. affectionately called annushka, by the summer of 1949 , about 4 kg of plutonium was separated from uranus lost in it. khariton in arzamas 16 now, the city of sarov, the first nuclear bomb was manufactured in august 1949, the first soviet

atomic bomb was delivered by rail to kazakhstan at the semipalatinsk training ground in conditions of extreme secrecy. here is how yefim slavsky recalled these events at that time, the deputy head of the first main directorate of representative the ministers of the ussr, in anticipation of the test, were all terribly excited about the features igor vasilyevich was experiencing, this was noticeable. he looked pale and very nervous, although he tried not to show his mind, i remember leaving for the test. he came to say goodbye to us, brought cognac to drink and speaks for our common deeds for good luck. and he is like a stretched string. kurchatov and his entire team were not sure until the very end that the bomb would explode on august 29, 1949. the first soviet atomic bomb is being tested on

this day a new nuclear power was born with the us atomic monopoly was over , cia analysts were sure the soviet union would be able to create nuclear weapons no earlier than 1953 and miscalculated for almost 5 years. for the time being, only because of the curlyness, of course, he is not alone, but nevertheless the personality of kurchatov it is obvious that she played an absolutely existential role. successful work on the creation of the soviet atomic bomb not only allowed to establish with the americans a nuclear parity bombardment of the soviet union

according to the plan developed in 1949. 300 nuclear bombs were supposed to be dropped on 100 soviet cities in january 1957, a nuclear attack on the soviet union was supposed to destroy 10 million people. and 85% of our industrial potential we would not have with you. and in this sense, the steering wheel turns it. she was a civilizational adversary who was preparing a powerful nuclear potential to attack our country. however, in 1949, the tests of the soviet atomic bomb sobered the aggressor, the nuclear parity that was subsequently achieved

saved the stock exchanges from nuclear war forever. after testing a nuclear bomb, kurchatov took a vacation for the first time from the beginning of the atomic project, and then entered into a new battle with american scientists, took part in the creation of a hydrogen or thermonuclear bomb and, at the same time, began to do what he had planned from the very beginning of work on the bomb, peaceful atom projects. from the memoirs of academician anatoly alexandrov, a participant in the atomic project, kurchatov formed not only the scope of work to solve the problem and create an atomic bomb, but also on the design of accelerators for the prospect of exploration work for nuclear energy for various purposes, a person should have a goal to continue to live, and then global things are done, making a bomb, he and the pleiades of led people thought about how to use it

for the benefit of mankind and from here a lot of new things and the fleet or dakola and space business. the city of obninsk, kaluga region, now it is a well-known science city, and until the mid- fifties it was a tree city here. she became after in her vicinity on the territory of a secret laboratory in built the world's first nuclear power plant. why, why is the first atom of the power plant here - this is when they were looking for a place where , in order to shorten the movement, igor vasilyevich kurchatov to him, as far as i understand, it was forbidden to fly by plane. that is, it is a special armored car or a special car. and, in order to reduce the time for moving, they were looking for a place, nevertheless, somewhere closer to moscow, specially for kurchatov,

a house was built half a kilometer from the future station, he was rarely here, but lived for almost a month before the start of the nuclear power plant. the soviet nuclear power plant reactor , the world's first nuclear power plant , was launched on the twenty-seventh of june 1954, dymok appeared and congratulated everyone with light steam. the capacity of the obninsk nuclear power plant was only 5 mw, but it was the first in the world and its launch marked the beginning of new areas for the use of nuclear energy, nuclear medicine, this is space, this and large nuclear power plants are already more powerful. that is, this is the first second block of the beloyarsk power plant there. this is bilibino chp of chukotka is built on permafrost. that is, it is a whole range of

directions. for western colleagues, the first nuclear power plant became a sensation. delegations from different countries hurried here to see how the energy of atoms work for peaceful purposes, at the same time , work on the creation of new weapons did not stop. the first soviet thermonuclear bomb was tested on august 12, 1953.

on the initiative of kurchatov, studies were carried out on the consequences of thermonuclear explosions. in 563, the first international agreement was signed to limit nuclear weapons age of rapid development of science, which in essence, with the progress of human society, the discovery of the possibility of using atomic energy, the greatest achievement of our era is to work on the further development of this discovery only for peaceful purposes, in order to improve the life and well-being of all peoples of the world in the mid- fifties, kurchatov headed the development of a program for the development of nuclear energy throughout the soviet union. but most of all it was then

completely fantastic sometimes the idea is to create a reactor that will allow the use of fusion energy for life, not for death. kurchatov, he even perfectly understood that this was not a limitation of his life. this future generation will unite scientists from all countries to create the energy of the future for this very purpose. in 1956, kurchatov, as part of the soviet delegation, went to england, he called on foreign colleagues to work together in the field of thermonuclear fusion. the decision on

international cooperation in the field of nuclear research was taken in 1958 at the geneva peace conference. then, at the end of the fifties, the physicists of the kurchatov institute shared with the whole world the technology for creating takamaks fusion reactors. it is assumed that thanks to takomaks humanity will be able to get an inexhaustible source of clean and safe energy. well, the word itself is such a toroidal camera with magnetic coils, which was also born at our institute in the fifty-eighth year. igor nikolaevich lovin can he say the author of this term. and it has already entered the scientific lexicon. uh, worldwide collaborator international project ir, within the framework of which the largest tamak on the planet is being built in the south of france in provence, the idea of

​​which belongs to academician eugene the great, director of the kurchatov institute in the nineties. look at this building, where the house is being built, where the scientists sit, where the tamarak is going, we have it everywhere. the creation of a reactor called the artificial sun involved 35 countries, including russia , hundreds of scientists speaking different languages ​​work together for a better future for our children. after returning curly from england the history of secret laboratory number two ended in 1956. here appeared a sign institute of atomic energy by this time, scientists had already suffered two strokes, which they called micro-contacts. vasilievich

kurchatov already felt bad. he walked around the territory, he was accompanied by a secretary and a dog of a noble breed, a cur. the kurchatov institute preserved a notebook with exercise schemes that doctors recommended to kurchatov to do. they also categorically forbade him to work hard, but igor vasilyevich was not the most obedient the patient had cases when his phone was taken away from him. here, in a scandal, he demanded that they return the phone to him there. they forbid the world to make records on purpose. here they made such a book for him, disguised as a thick volume of memories of jawahalal nehru, in fact. there was a box inside, which means that it was possible to put sheets

of paper there. kurchatov managed to live by science until his last breath, inspiring him to new achievements. in the case of students, despite this state of health, i do not say vasilyevich visited the laboratories. and then he also came to our laboratory and to us boys, of course, it made a very big impression when there were people. e, it would seem that he is recognized as having a very high position, but in fact they are, e, the core. this is an interest in science. the death mask of kurchatov, we show it for the first time on television, the russian genius who changed the course of history has passed away 7

february 1960. at the age of 57, his name was given not only to the institute of atomic energy, but also to the beloyarsk nuclear power plant, the village where the kursk nuclear power plant was built. vatel ship and even a crater on the moon in his life, he was able to influence the fate of hundreds of thousands of people and many in the future.

we'll take care of this. it will be the honest detective.

ukrainian shells exploded on the territory of a hospital campus in donetsk our correspondent is already in place. chemical weapons attack, diplomats warn kiev regime prepares there is video evidence fair of hypocrisy.

what statements are made in the form of the un on ukraine and why zelensky’s peace plan has nothing to do with reality, the crimean bridge, the repair work is temporarily closed again, the builders are installing a three-hundred-ton span. investigators record damage on the territory of a clinical hospital in donetsk during shelling in the laboratory building, ukrainian shells hit the last day and the territory of the republic was attacked 27 times, stanislav berd is monitoring the situation on the spot. we we are now in the kiev region of the city of donetsk. cannonade is heard, but it is heard outside the city. and we can state the fact that now there are, e.g., intense battles in the settlement of avdiivka the day before, they directly hit the petrovsky district very hard. but this is also a standard line of contact. and now, the kiev region. yesterday was also under attack.