tv RIK Rossiya 24 RUSSIA24 January 27, 2023 11:00pm-11:31pm MSK
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in the last program, we painted the rabbit radically black. but in vain. it would be better if they made it spotted this season, in general , the fashion for leopard colors. well, what is really beautiful is, by the way, the leningrad porcelain. factory classic, germany decided the government announced its readiness to transfer 14 leopard 2 tanks to ukraine and allowed other countries that have there is this formidable machine, too, to share with kiev a few coppers before the schulz, still publicly hesitated. and he didn’t even deny it very much, of course. why, in the atmosphere that has developed in the north atlantic alliance , it is impossible to say no to the armament of ukraine. especially since the minister of foreign affairs is in schulz frau's office. berg directly.
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says germany is at war with russia and the goal is to inflict a military defeat. leopard 2 is a tank from porsche of the same company what makes sports cars and which was founded by ferdinand porsche in the thirties of the past century, they began to develop it immediately after the first leopard entered service in the sixty-fifth year, they tested it together with the american abrams, and the first serial copy of the buddha was received in excess in the seventy- ninth year. it was the answer to the soviet tank of that time, a fairly light and maneuverable vehicle. unlike the heavy abrams on board, the british challenge has a modern 120 mm smoothbore gun. the old slotted l7, which was previously installed on nato tanks, by the way, on the abrams the same gun as on a leopard in the usa it is released
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by the police. so with the logistics of ammunition , a crew of four will be easier. and here is the fundamental difference. soviet vehicles, as a rule, have an automatic loader in them, that is , a person reloads the cannon mechanism, only aims and fires at the leopard. this is what the crew members do. but german vehicles traditionally have high-quality sights, and fire. you can even have a special stabilizer in motion. diesel engine, in general, perhaps the most leopard easy to maintain. of all nato tanks , it was made in the seventies for draft armies. for example, the power plant is combined into a single unit and can be changed in the field. it is possible in 45 minutes, but complex repairs are already being done in the rear, but the maintenance of these machines. it’s like the soviet car industry transferring to a foreign car, everything else, the leopard became a product
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of european cooperation, but not only europeans were armed with it after the collapse of the ussr , they actively offered it to the car. according to various sources, they were bought for export by more than 20 countries of the world, more than that, it received high marks from experts, for example, in the ranking of the military magazine ordnats, it consistently ranks first, however, nine cars were lost in afghanistan, six from danya and three from canada, and these are tanks of the latest modifications of the sixth and seventh scandalous situation developed after the series, when only during one operation the turkish army lost 10 vehicles, the tanks were amazed, even with the old soviet weather systems , one vehicle was literally torn to pieces after the ammunition was blown up, this occurs very rarely it should be noted that turkey uses a rather old fifth generation of machines, and it does not have dynamic protection, but
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only 20 pieces of the latest eighth generation were built. for germany, the decision on tank deliveries, even though scholz promised a change of eras last february, the inertia of comfortable pacifism of the second half of the 20th century is strong, if it were not for pressure from all sides , berlin would probably even now prefer to abstain, however, no one will allow it. everything is so everything, but changes in germany and in her relations with the allies, talk to russell berman stanford professor and leading german affairs professor. what is the reason for schultz's hesitation on the issues of sending tanks to ukraine, berlin has repeatedly stated, and weapons have been transferred to kiev's unconditional support more than once. why is there a sudden hitch on leopards, yes, germany has long declared support for ukraine, but practical actions require changes in german thinking at two levels
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in the era of chancellor merkel as you know between germany and russia existed? yes, very closely economic ties, they ended , these relations continued the long-standing eastern policy from old habits. it is difficult to refuse after the second world war , germany did not want to see itself at all. as a player. in the military sphere, german pacifism avoided involvement in hostilities in the form of even indirect participation, but the supply of weapons. this required a restructuring of consciousness, and in the united states, too, or something, a restructuring of consciousness america insisted on the supply of german weapons, although stimulation germany to militarization, generally contradicts the whole line after the second world war, there is no doubt that german pacifism is preferable to german militarism, of course, no one wants to return now in germany during the time of the era and the world at the beginning of the 20th century, but now whether we like it or not, there are growing trends towards defense opposition spending
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should rise and the us is the largest defense donor. it's amazing that such a large economy feels disappointed how germany does not take on a share that germany until recently fell short of a minimum obligation of 2% of gdp but of the money that nominally belongs to this defense sector, significant parts of the pension of a retired officer are a question that many ask the united states why should americans pay for the security of germany, which is not at all poor , if it does not pay for itself? almost 200,000 people serve in the german armed forces, of which 26,000 are women, but even for this the press does not like them, the bundestag's authorized representative for defense, eva the dandy, said that everything that is possible is missing from the sphere equipment equipment and equipment in
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service with the ground forces about 800 battle tanks, mostly of their own production , the fleet of armored fighting vehicles has recently been replenished with puma infantry fighting vehicles, each costing about 10 million euros. true, during the latest exercises, all of the eighteen tested vehicles failed, and some even caught fire, as for the navy, germany has squadrons of submarines, corvettes, minesweepers, frigates and support vessels, but only 30% are ready for full-fledged military operations. as for combat aviation, then from shock. petr tiger and multi-purpose nh90s are less than half combat-ready, while the luftwaffe has typhoon fighter bombers worth about 100 million euros, as well as old tornadoes and phantom 2 from the 70s, but soon they will be replaced by american
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f-35 fighters for 10 billion dollars in early january, the think tank global farpower. compiled an annual rating of the most powerful armies in the world, taking into account 50 factors, including military spending, a variety of weapons and the number of personnel of the bundeswehr was not even included in the top twenty expressed german forces are defeated even without entering the battle, despite the defense budget of 50 billion euros and a special fund. 100 billion. there is not enough money either for ammunition or for fuel for cars during the exercise, writes the magazine spiegel, accompanying the devastating article. illustrations of a german soldier who, with a wooden gun, rides a toy plastic tank and launches paper fighters last year , germany approved the export of weapons worth almost 9 billion euros. this second led through the meanings in the history of germany. there is such a point
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of view that the german identity, in general , has always been torn between the desire to the east towards eurasia and to the west towards atlanticism. now the final choice has been made in favor of the west, the split between east and west is a very old german tradition, not at all a product of the cold war and the division of the country during the first world war, germany perceived itself as an opponent to the west, because the west was france, great britain, germany, very deep historical ties with russia since the time of catherine ii a very important milestone 1812-1813, the modern german identity was born at the end of the napoleonic wars, when the germans fought on the side of russia now in the face of the ukrainian crisis, germany is leaning towards the atlantic side, but i would not be in a hurry to assert that and so the final election. it is also possible that the return movement
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will not change the geographical position of germany. it will always remain between east and west. and how can the european alignment of forces change if try to take a look at the period after the ukrainian crisis germany should not be discounted, for example to the following scenario, the nationalist government in warsaw and president le pen in paris it will be a very different europe almost. the one that was in the 19th century before that is not at all necessary, what will happen, but i would consider the probability of 30 percent hmm interesting. well , let's continue to fantasize with such neighbors from east and west what kind of government will then be in berlin well , let's say the administration or peng in paris can to pull berlin back to moscow, or the franco-german motor of european integration, will simply cease to function . obviously, one ukrainian crisis will have a diverse and multi-level impact. is there a continued focus on nato ? the alliance may intensify on the other hand
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, strong pressure. union tensions with russia are leading to different parts of the eu moving in different directions. if i were a strategist in moscow, i would wonder. has russian diplomacy done enough to prepare european countries to the ukrainian crisis, i am not a fan of russian foreign policy, but considering it, in principle, very successful in many cases, but with the preparation of a military campaign, she did not succeed in weakening european solidarity inside, but they were well missed, but now in paris is not fierce on the macron and the relations between germany and france are not brilliant. why, after merkel's departure, the macron and the dredges could become european leaders, but the dredges could not resist the ring of a special desire to become the leader of europe for no place, in my opinion, he hesitates on the ukrainian issue, it seems that he is quite committed to the idea of dialogue with russia, but now he has swung again towards a tougher position, and not by scholz.
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recently met. they tried to mend relations, but economic and foreign policy differences remain between them, but no dramatic processes are taking place. i would say they hobble forward. we have an opinion that the current crisis is almost planned by the us to undermine the economic power of germany german economic power now is experiencing problems, but i don’t think that this is a conscious policy of the united states. i just don’t see such a depth of planning on the american side . biden is much more dictated by domestic political motives, not against germany, but he is for detroit. events in europe are an ideological conflict between a realistic view of the world order and such an assertive value agenda,
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it is no coincidence that the most militant force of the green party, that is, the pacifists so now it will be, or there is still a chance that europe will return to the good old school of real politics, the green is really the party that is most based on the value agenda, so they occupy the most pro-ukrainian positions , believing that in this way they defend the rights of victims of mass violations of human rights, but this is by no means the largest parties of the coalition will change sooner or later the flame of value enthusiasm. burns out people want working economy man. that's how it's arranged. this may not be very noble, but it is realistic. you reminded me of the saying of the french communist of the fifties boris you always have to know how to end a strike also applies to soldiers and strikes and warriors happen and they often bring results, but sometime they need to end. thank you, it was russell berman germany
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, the defining country for europe, there was always a time when everyone wanted her to take care of herself and develop the economy ended from germany waiting for action on where this country will move depends not everything, but a lot. leopards and abrams did not leave donald trump indifferent, first tanks, then nuclear weapons to stop this crazy war. now it's so easy to do. well, everything is always simple for trump, but the expansion and complication of the range of supplies is an undeniable escalation. or, as they say now, the transition of the next red lines. earlier. true, it was believed that the red line, only one of its intersections , entails a crushing answer, but in hybrid war, apparently, or not appropriate, be that as it may, the confrontation has its own logic, and
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the greater the pressure, the more impressive the answer should be, and the limit of impressiveness, indeed the nuclear factor trump nuclear deterrence is a delicate subject, nuclear weapons cannot be used, at least such was the consensus in the cold war, but the opponent should not have any doubts that, if necessary , this paradox and its evolution will be used, we will discuss with dmitry stefanov, than here someone of the world economy of international relations. hello dima. hello, let's start. let's go with theory. still, the concept of deterrence exists as a system of signals, warnings, hints of signs, how developed is it and what role does it play? indeed, signals in nuclear deterrence are a very important thing, but the main problem is that we do not have any established system of these signals. everyone understands them in their own way, unconditionally, in order to restrain the opponent, it is necessary to somehow convey to him this
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or that information, but how is it conveyed, and how it is perceived. we can guess based on the results of certain actions, the main problem is that those comments on these exercises that take place must somehow be tied to the official nuclear doctrine to the so-called declarative policy, which is also not some kind of great doctrine, which is not infallible. in case of war. naturally, it will not be read in the event of a nuclear war, but nevertheless there must be some kind of correspondence. this is not always followed. moreover, this is not always respected and i'm sorry in case of war they will not read it. but if a decision is made at the beginning of it, at the moment before, he will probably remember what is written there or is also no longer there. a very interesting point. there is specifically in our. uh, in our respective document, the basis of state policy in the field of nuclear deterrence. there is a separate clause there that explicitly states that the decision is naturally made by the president and he can inform the international community or the addressee or
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anyone else that such a decision was made before during or after application. here e, will he be guided by this document? this is of course a big question. uh, because after all, probably, some strategic tactical considerations can have a higher power. and here we, uh, also face such a problem that we do not have any single standard for transparency , openness and ambiguity, what is called a beautiful word in english, ginger decides for itself. maybe, in general, the ambiguity is somehow deficient. and on that ambiguity of one of the norms of transport in the nuclear sphere, it may be that everything admit that yes. we deliberately keep the ambiguity, because if we just clearly draw this very red line, after which a nuclear war begins, then this will be a signal, again a signal for everyone else, that anything can be done before this red line. here, uh, the red line, a very popular word now, the phrase sounds all the time.
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uh, it feels like one of the baskets you mentioned is the most declarative one. it's like she doesn't work anymore because, well, i have a feeling maybe wrong, that no one pays attention. just now, literally, regarding these tanks to ukraine, an official representative of the american administration said that we are closely monitoring the signals. but actually, we haven't heard any signals yet. therefore, we will continue. that is, it works. this is all already shaking the air does not work. but it seems to me, still with the denial of air. this is too loud wording for this and the area. uh, because, as it were, nuclear signals are still more or less read from the other problems. here also in the fact that between containment and enforcement the boundaries have become very thin. if not aesthetic, respectively, on the one hand. we are trying to force our opponent to refrain from some actions, but this is exactly the same thing can be interpreted as the fact that we are forcing to some other actions and here it comes in. e into the game is the factor that
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no one wants to give back, no one wants to show weakness and this also leads to interesting moments, but now such a narrative is spreading, which is very much loved. uh, nuclear positionists that nuclear weapons are nothing but problems, because everyone is hiding behind them and doing their dirty deeds, another problem is that the conclusion from this may be that everyone needs nuclear weapons, and here we are we are again faced with a crisis of distribution regimes potentially. here is mentioned about scare. uh, we had dmitry training on the air a couple of months ago, which is just he said very clearly that the fear was gone. the horror of a nuclear war must be returned, because otherwise nothing will work. then he provoked a rather violent reaction, to the extent that he received letters from the united states there, that you just try to scare us, and so on. and how do you think, well , there is a certain logic in this, how do you think.
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we have fear now, firstly, is it needed, and secondly, is it really there or is it really forgotten, and i would actually turn the question of fear a little bit from a different angle, because there is not only fear. in the context that someone is afraid that someone will apply, but also of who is going to apply. yeah, we weren't there and it 's really scary, because as if worse, as they often say, worse than what does not fall on the ground. after the premiere weapons, it will be that if the sky does not fall to the ground, because then, as it were, well, that's it, the open season, as the hunters that they are say, but is it necessary to be afraid, is it necessary to stimulate this fear of our nuclear weapons counterparties is also a controversial issue in the first place, because, as it shows the history of the nuclear crises of the past cold war, when we are afraid of each other, this may not end in anything good , and in fact there is a controversial opinion, but worthy of attention that, in principle, all detente
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and disarmament, more or less serious , began in the eighties, when in the usa realized. the fact that the soviet union is sincerely afraid of the first strike is sincerely afraid of the us war and, accordingly, is doing everything possible to allow them to admit it. yes , as if he does it all with a huge margin, one cannot say that they were not afraid on the other side. we we also know very well the stories about there about that very bending of the female awakened at night . here is about kennedy who said that he was perfectly restrained by several missiles, so he does not understand why hundreds of thousands of them are needed. now, if this fear now, i think, it simply persists, because, well, how can we have problems in that it is fear, it is already theoretical, they are practically in the cold war. still , people who really fought, who knew the horrors of war, and who saw nuclear
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tests. and now, of course, we have a completely different generation, however, the horrors of war, of course, remind of themselves. in 1945, after the united states dropped an atomic bomb on japan, manhattan project director robert oppenheimer and physicist albert einstein founded the atomic scientists' bulletin organization, a journal of the same name to warn the world of the dangers of nuclear weapons, 2 years later. they created the doomsday clock, which became a symbol of the nuclear age, the hands of the clock set at around 23:53 7 minutes before midnight showed the time left for humanity to a global catastrophe. the hands of the clock have been translated more than once. and just the other day, they moved another 10 seconds ahead. now they show 90 seconds to midnight
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, or an unprecedented time in the fifties , as the ussr accumulated nuclear arsenals, the us feared a pre-nuclear war. all american society and culture in the country held nationwide exercises rehearsing the rescue of the president and the evacuation of the state department, and in schools, children were taught how to equip bomb shelters and protect themselves from radioactive fallout in an american short film. bend down for blood, the main character turtle-bird and the staff of the security commission told how to behave in the event of a nuclear catastrophe. on fear, commercial firms were selling safe houses of varying levels of comfort from a hideout in a trench for $13.50 to a luxury home, for $5,000, life magazine even published a story of newlyweds who spent their honeymoon in a room of steel and concrete 12 feet underground
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fifty-fourth year during the trials a hydrogen bomb on a bikini , the us administration did not warn other countries here not to enter. in the exclusion zone as a result of the explosion, the japanese fishing boat lucky dragon, which was nearby, was covered with radioactive fallout, the crew showed signs of radiation poisoning the incident recalled the tragedy in hiroshima nagasaki in japan, a powerful anti-nuclear movement began bomb a, then a conference on peaceful uses nuclear energy was held at the un headquarters married in november 1961 in the cold war conversation about 50,000 women took to the demonstrations in the 60s the united states continued to end the arms race, and the places of mankind in the sixty-fourth
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similar peace marches were held in australia and in the seventies in france in just 2 years, 10 anti-nuclear demonstrations took place, in which 17. 5,000 people took part in june 1982 in new york , more than a million fought against nuclear weapons , fought not only for peace, but also for suspension of nuclear power plants after the chernobyl disaster, nuclear energy has almost disappeared from the agenda of most countries and a number of groups pantiya nuclear movement, believing that their goal has been achieved disintegrated. but you remembered detente detente. as a matter of fact, it began and its main part was - these are all treaties, first of restrictions, then the reduction of ulcerative weapons. we have one last new start treaty left, and the feeling is that in the current atmosphere this is generally a dead number. i mean, well, imagine. right now
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that it is very difficult to conduct negotiations here. if at all, perhaps, is the age of this kind of agreement over? i think the era has not ended, simply because it is difficult to tie them, as it were, to recognize an agreement to a specific international situation due to the fact that this is just a tool , the task of preventing a door war, in which, as you know, there can be no winners , therefore, should not be unleashed and signed by all five official nuclear powers. and it seems that the unofficial birthday did not really hold on to this either they argue, but it remains on the agenda, how to prevent this through risk reduction measures to reduce these dangers. here, too , there are different terminologies, and control violations are just one of the tools. it's not for the sake of it. best wishes. there, it is not for the sake of world peace that they do it quite working tools of things to ensure national security, of course, it strengthens international security, but first of all considerations. they are like a classic understanding. it's about the fact that
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it's just easier for us, we know better. pay we spend less money on unnecessary systems. by the way, very often in this context. they say that the chinese do not understand the meaning of the price control, so they will not agree on anything with anyone, but at the same time they are excellent. what is called a ride on our control environments with the americans. in the sense that they could calmly develop their systems, without engaging in the exciting process of putting into service raw strategic systems , replacing them with newer ones in five years. that's what they didn't throw money away, what will happen further, of course, is interesting, because china , of course, plans to increase, but again. we also have other nuclear powers that are also looking at all this, and i cannot say that there is any consensus that all controlled weapons should be thrown on the shelf for another matter, that it can take on different forms. and, of course, those wonderful reference conventions, like dsn ds deep verification, like our inspectors, their inspectors there. here everyone
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comes to see each other. this will most likely be a thing of the past. eh, including for logistical reasons. well, here is the feeling, again i am. specialist, i may be wrong, but the political value of this very ambiguity seems to be growing, because well, this hybrid war gives rise to hybrid everything else, including hybrid arms control. we only control, we do not control. oh yes, that's a very sound observation. i would even add here that this ambiguity and hybridity sometimes acquires completely. uh, such frightening forms again speak of fear. for example, in the patriotic tradition but for quite a long time there has been the concept of strategic deterrence, which generally implies the entire complex of the military and not very military of the world to deter the enemy. and now the americans, apparently, liked it, they have an integrated deterrence, which is again aimed at the fact that at every stage, we have tools so that
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the enemy does not think that here he is, maybe he can defeat us there in an escalation, it is considered, that this allows, as it were, to lengthen the track before the exchange of a nuclear strike. but for some reason there is the unpleasant feeling that it actually just makes this track more comfortable. it is clear but it's better after all, nevertheless. yes, of course, thank you very much, than from the imo let's take a break from european security in latin america strangely enough, the plans are calmer, the president of brazil lula brushed his feathers after the failed right path and the floor of new ideas from a common currency with neighbors, and so on sergey brilev, without taking his eyes off him. morning is the beginning of the working day. the same brazil where the proposal to create a common currency came from, street parallel beach?
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