[000:00:00;00] we will cover the first year of this truly important initiative in our special report. in the first year of this decade , dozens of projects were implemented , hundreds are planned, all distributed across 18 initiatives, one of them is science, how art helps to tell developments with the help of art objects. like, for example, this one at the skolkovo institute of science and technology, the author is an artist. valya paella, essentially on a tube. it in the center is very similar to what is in reality with a slight difference that our tube is about 10 billion times thinner dmitry krasnikov. the skoltech senior lecturer, together with colleagues, is working on materials obtained from nanotubes, the most stable carbon structures, consisting of hexagons rolled into a cylinder. products made from this tube have great prospects and can be used in various industries from electronics to medicine. these can be transparent electrodes for a touchscreen in the future or for artificial skin. these can be fresnel lenses, optical actors for autohertz radiation, which we make

together. with tech or it could be those the most membranes or the bases of these membranes to capture either gases or harmful aerosol substances from the environment. a matter of medical attention, special membrane nanotubes effectively trap viruses and fungi. nanotubes are also suitable for creating industrial carbon dioxide trap filters. we, as a species , as a civilization, have heavily polluted the planet and, for example, the amount of co2 that is now around us is twice as much as the gas that alexander sergeevich pushkin and this soul-2 breathed. he's on his own, like a trigger that will launch, a and is already launching the process of global warming, and we must act right now and here to solve this. eh, problem. we can apply er suggest er, an interesting and such a double in a sense synergistic approach of speech about working with natural gas methane. now energy. basically, it is obtained by burning it, scientists propose to obtain hydrogen from it, the most

environmentally friendly type of fuel. the technological process is designed to avoid co2 emissions into the atmosphere. hydrogen is not the only product. there will be more carbon value-added carbon, that is , these very tubes that can be used and we are now actively working on this as the basis for e, sorbents and membranes for removing co2 , the laboratory team has created a special installation. a stream of gas and catalyst passes through it. as a result, it turns out the aerosol technology only seems to be a simple repeater, only a few teams on the planet can create an analogue. it's a very black film of carbon on the tubes. anyway, it is literally several hundred per meter thick. developments of scientists in russia, according to dmitry , is growing thanks to a decade of science and technology, nothing in a year. especially in science is not done. our planning horizons are 3-5 years to create large teams. and teaching new kids. uh, interaction with the industry is all important pieces of the puzzle, without which the whole structure does not work. everything will work only together and unconditionally. uh,

the fact that our state creates an integrated approach. this is certainly important, and such projects only confirm the thesis; many objects that researchers study the average masterpiece created by the universe, and the most beautiful of them, we see daily. tatyana podlatchikova, director of the center for system design at school of technology , speaks enthusiastically about the sun as a star, which she has devoted many scientific papers to. looks very beautiful tells, so even the cameramen of our film crew do not hold back from questions during the preparation of the interview , they are interested in how long the light is born, immediately, a million years, where you are very slowly. well, here's what's going on right now. well

, the sun is still there. it was born the core of the sun a million years ago before the formation of modern man homo sapience, scientists follow space weather for a complex of phenomena such as corona flares and magnetic storm ejections of the northern lights. thanks to the work of tatyana, new services have appeared that help predict solar events around the world. for more than ten years, izhevsk, an outstanding russian biophysicist, has been talking about the fact that the earth is constantly in the arms of the sun, when the solar wind blows out the magnetic field from the sun and the solar wind fills the entire solar system, but in the form of such a spiral. we even call it sometimes the ballerina skirt and the ground. all the planets of the solar system live in the folds of this skirt, and therefore it is not surprising that the sun e affects our lives and we are constantly in its hot embraces and feelings of its hot, breathing have a tremendous impact on the life of mankind, so in the 19th century the solar super storm recorded by a scientist carrington.

he led the construction of telegraph lines in europe and the usa and all over the planet, even at the equator, powerful auroras were observed that turned night to day, if the carrington events of the nineteenth century repeat today. we will be left without electricity heating the internet. under conditions of uncertainty of panic and according to experts, the recovery of the infrastructure economy will take about 10 years and several trillion dollars, so scientists from all over the world are actively collaborating to solve the most important problems in solar physics literally in january. russian european astronomers have presented a new approach for predicting geomagnetic storms. crown holes in the sun, this will help in a few days, not hours to prepare for geomagnetic storms. every day we receive one and a half terabytes of data per day. this can be compared to loading. uh, half a million songs a day and using dozens, and observatories in space on earth. we can study the physics of the sun and predict

space weather for projects tatyana's team, including developing its own microsatellite instruments, which can be engaged, for example, in monitoring forest fires, be elements of communication systems and, of course to collect data for space research. the structure is engaged in the design, manufacture and management of microsatellites already in orbit. these are satellites, like a merchant, and last year two satellites were launched, and a merchant from the three -module format, now we control them in orbit, and the satellites feel great and perform their tasks. tatyana answers that attention is important for scientists. state space research also new developments not only help to develop space to carry new knowledge, but also have a significant impact on the technologies on earth, which are becoming an integral part of our daily life data transmission system. eh, wi-fi. this also came from space exploration and from international

cooperation. this is the law of nature. even let's take the example of uh uh python programming language python. it is an open source language. and this means that all people participate in this process, and this is developing by leaps and bounds, in the same way, equally, and therefore, when the state also helps scientific research. it moves science forward. one of the initiatives of the decade is a platform for the interaction of science, business, state and society. just designed to speed up the process of implementing developments from the laboratory to the assembly line. center for info-chemistry at itmo university, its founders, leading professor ekaterina skorb, worked at the german maxaplanck institute at american harvard, moved to russia for 5 years, has been developing info-chemistry in st. petersburg in my region , russia is definitely the best place on earth under the umbrella

of infa chemistry. we collect all these areas at the intersection of chemistry these technologies. well, the way out, of course, is to use artificial intelligence in chemistry. in a complex mathematical model, a team of scientists led by ekaterina implements many projects. among them is an electrochemical sensor platform. the so-called potentiot, which makes it possible to detect the concentration of antibiotics in liquids and the presence in milk, but it is also possible to analyze the concentrations of corrosion inhibitors, for example, in an aqueous oil mixture. we just lower such a handle, and this is connected to the tablet to phone, start the analysis itself so that the device learns to distinguish between target substances, for example. the same antibiotics in milk, scientists have done a colossal amount of work, even now we, for example, have made a relatively small in general in terms of volume, and the learning machine database this is for comparing the detection of antibiotics and only for each

antibiotic we have already done more status and here to help scientists robots come and take on the lion's share of routine tasks; they know how to prepare a solution for themselves. uh, mix the ingredients in the right ratio. well, that's all it’s not you who does it, but the robot helps you collect the database, and you only analyze it , according to ekaterina, the current situation in the world. this is not only a time of challenges, but first of all of opportunities within the framework of what is happening now, everyone is very open to the initiative. that is, if you have a team, if you have working hands, if you have an idea, and everyone is ready, but consider how it is, if it can help the country, the development of some industry and direction can help the world. you can, of course, get a separate the funds allocated there, the development of russian scientists is relevant for various fields. there are great prospects for her medical care. applications are already used today as a glucometer, for example, but it can have

huge functionality. this is not only a definition of glucose, it can be a palette for a-a urolithiasis. these are biometers for determining the concentration of copper, well , various heavy metals in bioanalytes. well, uh, and such projects, in fact, and uh are needed for a personalized diagnostics platform, they show the interests of representatives the food industry wants to introduce development at enterprises to control the quality of milk, if this scientific group deals with the chemical composition of the product, then the next one, which we will tell, works directly with its producers. this is a flower. the first cloned cow in russia, and next to her offspring a calf named decembrist , is named so because she was born on the very canon of the new year on december 30th

experimental farm of the federal research center for animal husbandry. here is a unique collection of russian breeds of cattle, many of which are on the verge of extinction. and here we have, uh, the red gorbatov breed is known for being resistant to leukemia. she came to us from the nizhny novgorod region of the yakut breed of cattle, 600 head of cattle left. eh, here, too, came from yakutia, that is, it is known for being able to calmly survive these animals at 50 °. uh, these are donors from whom we create an embryo bank with the aim of preserving this breed in the center, a unique bank has been formed more than 300,000 samples of biomaterials from one of these test tubes and the life of the first russian cloned cow began. in our country, these are samples of cattle , pigs, reindeer sheep, samples of sturgeon fish will also come here, says natalya zinovieva, academician of the russian academy of sciences, director of the center of the structure, on the basis of which

the technology of genomic editing of animals is being improved, and the technology of genome editing. it allows you to purposefully change specific parts of the animal genome and allows you to solve already narrower and more specialized tasks. and here is the technology of cloning. it is being considered today. as the main technological platform for the efficient production of genetically edited animals, genome editing and cloning is the most difficult high-tech process at this stage. of course, it will not replace classical breeding methods, but it will make it possible to obtain animals with unique qualities. it is possible that even a cow that will produce, for example, non-allergenic milk. this is our technological readiness, which will allow us quickly er, start a specific task and then. the task will be to quickly introduce the necessary changes into the genome of animals that will make these animals resistant to a particular disease. and here is genome editing and cloning as the main platform for ice genomic editing. it

will allow you to quickly solve this problem. interestingly, the process does not always require the cellular material of a male. if it is necessary to clone a female into a donor acidic egg, devoid of its own genetic information , a female somatic cell is transplanted. we trying to use assisted reproductive biotechnologies. first of all, the breeding process and cloning specifically. now we are considering. as a way of obtaining animals with new economic useful features of the laboratory, experimental biology undergoes the most important and most complex manipulations. here they work with objects whose size starts from 15 mkm round. it's something else fixed on a pipette. like he's soap bubbles. yes, we give out this approximately the same bubble, which is at the tip of this issuer. here we are, it can be compared here, which is fixed with a suction cup, ready-made fertilized materials are promptly transferred to veterinary surgeons.

in a few minutes they plant the acid of a surrogate mother with the help of endoscopes, this time they plan a sheep pleasantly, then on an ultrasound to see that your work did not go to waste, what is inside there, roughly speaking, and this or another sheep, maybe, uh, lamb and then to the extent. ultrasound diagnostics you watch how he grows, how his heart begins to beat already a few minutes after the manipulation, the animals are on their feet. truly unique animals are quickly returning to the herd of the federal center, for example, then from this old mountain sheep, the world's only hybrid of romanov, sheep and worldly argali cloned lamb named kangur. took the best economic quality from domestic breed from wild ancestors endurance and strength now he is 7 months old. and as we see, how very, uh, strong animals feel good, how everything is completely healthy, and we we think that already in the next 3 months there. it

will then be able to bring the research center to implement a wide range of areas, among which there are exotic ones such as joint projection paliogenetics with the institute of archeology of wounds on some samples of more than 30 years of modern highly productive animals. and we can find those and historical ones, what has changed among these changes will be our potential candidate genes and potential dna markers. here are uh technical performance indicators that today they are economically significant and used in the breeding process at the center and are working on two new directions, scientists will deal with the selection of feed to reduce the emission of rival gases from livestock, and have already created a youth unit that improves the genes of fish around the culture , both laboratories are open thanks to the national project science and university. well, it can be grown at sturgeon hatcheries and sold as marketable fish new directions are sold nationally project science and university, the opening of

centers. the infrastructure improvement lab is part of one of the initiatives of the decade, science and technology, because we are very grateful to the president of the country, who announced, uh, the decade of science and technology, and this does not mean that before, in general, we were not paid attention. no, really, as if science supports recent years. we understand that what we are doing today. this is important for the state. this is estimated by the state, but it is she who lays on us an additional responsibility, so uh, of course, uh, we're kind of glad that uh, decades of, uh, science has arrived. we are glad that only one year has passed so far. he still has time ahead of him genomic editing - this is directed point changes in dna, our next hero, working at the moscow institute of physics and technology, made a discovery that, without exaggeration, can turn the idea of ​​\u200b\u200bmodern biology, his article was published in one of the most prestigious

world journals in the field. dna molecules are the main custodian of identity information. they have all the building blocks. documentation for the creation of new cells 70 years after the discovery of the structure of dna by scientists watson and crick, it was believed that significant information is transmitted between the chains of the molecule only if certain conditions are met , each of the chains consists of bricks, a tgz, complementarity is a rule that a on one chain should be clearly connected with m on the other chain, but mr. s. and due to such a clear separation, just the very only correct connection is formed that forms the double helix of maxim nikitin it took 9 years of experiments to prove that information can be transmitted and received not only by complementary, that is , matching chains, but also by those interactions that were previously considered insignificant. uh, with such a chaos of white noise

, what i showed is just that if we have a not ideal couple, a very effective transfer of information can still happen, and it can go. with a cad, that is, in the end even those two chains that well should never be connected as a whole. here, in principle, they can transmit information through a large number of mediators, as such an element of the rumored discovery, perhaps help scientists understand how to improve gene therapy , improve vaccines, perhaps find clues to the treatment of previously incurable diseases. and even come close to answering the question. how life arose, we are very interested to see where this mechanism can occur in nature, that is, or to understand that nature uses it somewhere in various processes, for example, there is the memory of aging and evolution. there is also the possibility that this mechanism, being so chaotic event, but interferes with nature, but she is his e,

they are fighting with him. and if we understand where and how, then perhaps this will give us the keys to a variety of mysteries of nature, to the same memory of evolution, and so on, the scientist conducted many theoretical studies and wrote programs for this himself. he himself conducted experiments to show how an open phenomenon works. at the same time, they used, among other things , domestic scientific equipment, created together with colleagues, for example, this tomograph. there it turned out to create a device that surpassed the foreign analogue both in terms of analytical characteristics and in many respects in terms of ease of use. maxim nikitin is convinced that the event, which takes place within the framework of the decade of science and technology , motivates scientists to talk about their achievements more often. what attracted great young people, young scientists to cooperation was the congress of young scientists, and it was already the second one . young people could really feel that they were such a powerful driving force of russian science. many people talk about what to leave a life goal, what you need retiverest or did something that i do, very few people on

the planet. here in science, every day we have the opportunity to do what no one has ever done before you on planet earth. it's a fantastic feeling, that's for sure. i would say that i would recommend this experience to everyone and it is worth it to work actively, both with beginners and with future scientists , science initiative projects are nearby thanks to it, more than 30,000 schoolchildren launched hundreds of research centers mipt employees regularly interact with educational institutions, and timur chernov is jealous of the department of biology at the fifty-seventh school in moscow, as part of teaching in parallel at the moscow institute of physics and technology, i often see students who entered with a very high competition, but they did not understand at all what they would have to do in biophysical biomedical disciplines and one from the purpose of hmm their teaching activities. i put uh, career guidance in order for children. and as soon as possible they understood a and could feel it with their hands, and what they

will have to do later this workshop is carried out for a class whose students specialize in biological and chemical research , we will transfer them to an aggressive environment. uh biota and for yoghurts in stores that position themselves as fermented milk products containing a live culture of lactic acid bacteria. let's get acquainted with the basic methods of transplanting the cultivation of microorganisms, on the other hand, we will be able to analyze whether there are actually live lactic acid bacteria in the a-a data, er brands of products, in fact, with an alcohol lamp . here. yeah you're getting small a small drop of sample. uh-huh now you set aside your sample on the left when you open the petri dish and apply one drop to the center , then we take a spatula and grind it according to the scheme. there is a very big problem here. a hot spatula with a tan will melt it and you will have an uneven environment. how can we avoid this we need to wait with some schoolchildren. here already there are the first

scientific publications most understand. what profession will they choose explicitly molecular biology, perhaps immunology. and yes , these classes will definitely help me, because that when i remain a brother, and i would be able to do something. this experience has already been determined, skills are very useful, which will definitely come in handy in working on future projects . timur conducts classes for his students at the mipt laboratory where cancerous tumors follow, creating their 3d models, a serious problem in modern cell biology research. is that almost everything we know about cells was semi. on fairly simplified models, when cell lines were grown in one layer on petri dishes and this is most unlike what happens naturally in living organisms to study tumors and select drugs that effectively treat them in the laboratory have developed a platform for parallel bioscreening.

she combined several types of experimental models into one system, in addition to simple ones, more complex parallel screening systems are not used, which implies both 2d models that have just been mentioned, and the cultivation of cancer cells in 3d structures that demonstrate e, various processes more qualitatively, 3d tumor models occurring in living organisms are a sphere. it's like a ball of cells. those inside are naturally better protected from external influences. including drug screening, the third element of screening is work with animal models of objects. in this case, fish fry. we examine under the microscope fry, fish, zebrafish, which is our model object, we model various genera on them. what is also included in our system of parallel screening in any living object that we would not take the development of the tumor will be more correct than in the situation. we are on a layer of cells on a petre dish, such screening, as conceived by researchers, can be put into practice. this will help to better select therapy for cancer patients to act, addressing the negative consequences for the body by teaching the immune system to distinguish cancer cells from normal ones in

most cases. outwardly, they look exactly the same for the body, roughly speaking, this is a story with an attempt. calculate the terrorists in the crowd, which is the same, which means they are dressed yes, they look the same, but we you need to somehow get into their heads and try to calculate his future actions. and this is an attempt by this terrorist to translate into, roughly speaking, to create the most natural conditions for him so that he behaves as naturally as possible, and we can, by tracking him , understand at what points he, roughly speaking , will sleep in a year about his projects as part of the science nearby initiative schoolchildren were told by scientists from more than 100 organizations, having conducted classes for almost 50,000 students, i try, so that as many people as possible fall under the radius of destruction of my teaching activity. our life is more and more surrounded by science-intensive technologies, it is impossible to understand them and make the right decision regarding your health, and about some methods of therapy, if you do not have at least a basic understanding

of how these technologies work and decades of science and technology in russia in my opinion. it solves this problem competently enough, telling our population about what is happening in our country with those or other, uh, biological technologies, there are already thousands of such stories in russia, and the global task of the decade, science and technology is to make them even more russian scientists inspired by their work, making a revolutionary discovery and creating technologies for the country and the whole world , are ready to actively share with their achievements and participate in the initiatives of the decade of science and technology, how do they say the year? normal flight don't worry. grandmother, who lapped and walked with empty eggplants. i 've had grandma when i grow up

be. we'll start tomorrow no problem. literally in half an hour all the beds will be filled with water supply here. this is vital. i came under fire and a man died in my presence. it was very difficult to find people who, risking their lives, would also be able to drill a well here. this is our building of the main pumping station of this water practically from the canal no from the reservoir. no, the ukrainians are trying to bomb this

station to deprive the entire donbass of water . i don't think the driving force behind european colonialism was anything other than thirst. indigenous peoples were considered scum, outcasts who needed to be wiped off the face

of the earth. in the city of efremov, tula region , an emergency situation was declared after a gas explosion in a residential building of more than a hundred residents of a five-story building. now he is in temporary accommodation. the rest went to relatives and friends according to the latest data from the ministry of emergencies, five people died, seven were rescued , three regional authorities were injured. they promised to provide all the affected families with the necessary assistance and financial support . the details of the emergency are in the report of vitaly motorin.