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registration. i don't think that the driving force behind european colonialism was anything other than greed. indigenous peoples were considered scum, outcasts who needed to be wiped off the face

of the earth. only one thing is important - the nation, the masters and the nation's slaves, hitler promised the very aggressive policy, with the help of which it would be possible

to divide the world anew. hello. kirill vyshinsky is with you, and this program is a typical novorossiya, our new name says it all, we are talking about the territory that has returned to its historical roots he novorossiy. we will continue to follow the ukrainian processes. we will analyze them. and yet today, in our opinion, it is much more interesting to observe how life in the donbass of the zaporozhye and kherson regions is changing in the new russian regions with the help of a careful look at the history of novorossia. we will try to reveal the originality of her present day, to find in it typical features and recognizable signs

of the past. and that's what we'll talk about today. in the sweat of your face you will eat your bread how new farming technologies were introduced in a wild field that the steppe chernozems of novorossiya can give a conversation with an expert of the program, the founder of alchevsk and the owner of the first financial industrial group of novorossiya, the tragic fate of a millionaire. the economic development of novorossiya at the end of the 16th and the first half of the 19th century began with the plowing of vast territories of the wild field and the introduction of new methods of cultural farming before the inclusion of these lands into the russian empire. the local population was engaged in livestock breeding colonists from central and south-eastern europe, who were attracted catherine ii and immigrants from central

russia relied on the cultivation of grain. it was necessary to feed the rapidly growing population of the soil, the famous black earth was fertile, but the climate, in the steppes of novorossia, there was little moisture, dry summers and the colonists quickly realized that the farming methods that they used in their homeland were not suitable for the development of new territories. create new technologies. in central russia , light horse juice was used, which plowed the land for two or three inches from 9 to 14 cm. could cut through the roots of the steppe grass in the virgin lands of new russia, weeds remained and raised by a plow. the earth quickly dried up in a hot and windy climate ; plows began to be used in the steppe fields, which plowed deeper and raised a larger layer of black soil. such plows were used by the local few russians and the tatars

became heavier in the ground. they already went to a depth of at least three and a half four inches. from 16 to 20 cm. and it was not a horse that pulled one or two pairs of hair. this technology required a lot of shafts, instead of horse-drawn plows are expensive, but also gave great returns, deep, plowing reduced the risk of not harvesting in arid steppe climates. this method of cultivating the land was introduced by german colonists in the steppes of the northern black sea region with their various benefits at one time. attracted by catherine ii in addition , the germans nanites, members of one of the protestant denominations used a new technology of crop rotation. the so-called black fallow used to be the land, which in the new season was left fallow and not sown, was not plowed up, leaving minonites with grass for grazing on such the fields began to plow, getting rid of the grass and not letting

them go like this in the soil, there was more moisture and nutrients new methods of farming, they required a lot of effort, however, they made it possible to guarantee a good harvest in the conditions of the arid steppe by the germans nanites, who worked tirelessly guided their work by the instruction of the book of genesis. old testament on the way. your face you will eat your bread for. how the development of the wild field steppe gave impetus to the development of new technologies in the plot anna efimova the sun is a wonderful day, that the day is suitable for agricultural work , and this is at the end of january, while in the main part of russia, snowdrifts are still being cleared on the southern borders. including in the kherson region, separately and farms are already preparing vegetables for planting. here in this small farm, for example, they sow carrots and bell peppers. the main thing is to cover with a film.

still. temperature. the work begins to hesitate, and he, the real ra, covered the flogging of the fertile soil of novorossia, despite all the circumstances. well, through the prism of centuries. who would have thought invasion of wind locusts and crackers in due time, colonists. they started here with grazing part of the land. for this , it turned into a desert and only then understood on this fertile soil, and the truth grows . everything is enough just to throw it into the ground in seeds and in time to provide the police with a ride. from kherson originates the kakhovka main plant canal, water comes here from the so-called kakhovka sea. this plant system is one of the largest reclamation systems created back in the ussr in the regions northern black sea coast. the brainchild of soviet engineers. today responsible for irrigation and kherson and partly in the neighboring zaporozhye regions in the nineties, many minor branches of the plant system. people were dug up. they were simply resold and survived as

best they could, as a result of which the system worked only at a quarter of its capacity. while its maximum. hall 780.000 hectares of irrigation, drip irrigation is well developed there. so, here is the technical culture, in this regard, there is work, everything is there from the point of in terms of water flow, but all this needs to build a system of public administration after the maidan of 2014. the potential effect of the system was evaluated by numerous delegations of the world bank and, in some areas, were even put into operation from a branch for modern american irrigation systems. in total, according to experts , about a billion dollars was needed to restore irrigation. and, of course, such loans were not issued. just like that, based on the fact that back in the nineties e on the territory novorossiya came a number. uh western

multinational companies that specialize in agriculture. so it turned out to be a rather specific situation, when often most of the products that were grown in the region. in fact, it was not ukrainian, that is, on the territory of ukraine they grew the products of a transnational corporation for their export operations, that is, in fact. uh, the grain that was produced in ukraine never belonged to ukraine for the most part, and everything would be nothing and everything would to the joy of transnational corporations, but after the start of its own plant system became one of the goals of the ukrainian nationalists from the armed forces of ukraine, and without it, the famous kherson vegetables and fruits are grown, it is impossible to resume the work of the kherson region authorities intend to start, but the large-scale reconstruction of the kakhovka main canal is designed for 3 year, the volume

of financing of the program is about 20 billion rubles. to date, we have already planned the supply of water to an area of ​​​​30 32.770 hectares in order to work something and prepare normally we need this and fuel and lubricants, and there are some. well, let's say for the repair of omentum and release paper, the agriculture of the kherson region specializes in growing food grains , winter wheat, corn, sunflower rice, as well as vegetables and melons. such as the famous kherson watermelons and tomatoes, given the favorable climatic conditions. one of the visiting cards of the region is, of course, gardening. in addition, grapes are actively grown here. and, of course, is this live guidance sometimes lacking. only technology is a lot of technology today. uh, just destroyed. yes, parts of the river have been removed.

this is about the seeds. uh, partially there is, but today we are able to provide a large list of seeds to help replenish the stock of equipment due to the so-called re-profiling of enterprises, for example, the melitopol plant of auto-tractor parts from military rails, on which it was put in the time of ukraine by enterprises with the advent of russia, they deployed back to peaceful russian, the order was lost in serial parts due to military orders products. that is, with us, uh, the priority was military products faded into the background, however, the output is now agriculture. it brings with it to the fore some difficulties in predicting what will predict the level of wages paid by people, very few, many have left. uh. well, they don't want to work. i now have vegetable products left. here

we still do not have enough working capital. well, we don't lose reliable ones. hmm, while everything rests on funding so that there is not a single mess. first of all, it is necessary to bring laws to a common denominator, only in this way local farmers will be able to count on subsidies and full-fledged state support. do we understand this well today? and when we talk about logistics today, when we talk about hmm markets. e marketing when talking about recycling. this is a separate direction. it will be separately financed by certain serious sums. this means that including 23 billion in the industrial complex. this means that it will take years to distribute everything in the context of regions, however, in spite of everything, the demand for agriculture household products from kherson or zaporozhye among the townsfolk is still high. the main thing is to connect the seller and the buyer

ahead in any way competently and without unnecessary delay. the case still has a lot of work to do soon thank you valery savelyev anastasia popova typical news. about what the steppe chernozems of novorossia can give. we will talk with our permanent expert to historians, political scientist alexander vasiliev. sasha good afternoon. good afternoon at the end of the xviii century. russia came to the so-called wild steppe, mastered it, and as a result, these novorossiysk chernozem. we have become one of the main sources of grain exports. well, in soviet and ukrainian times, this trend continued. and what is now in the future back in the middle of the 19th century, when it seemed that the region had already been mastered, yes, that is, already, and there pushkin had already visited cities, there are and so on and so on, in general there was such an opinion that it was necessary to develop only animal husbandry. yes , because agriculture is too

risky here, and the harvest, perhaps, may not be, because the steppes are arid. they absolutely rightly believed that here we have for export wheat is needed. enough of the little russian provinces, right? here, there, along the right bank , there is poltava, from there on the ramparts. it was all taken, so to speak, to the ports. there, in odessa mariupol, it went to europe to the middle east and, in general, brought a lot of money and believed that this, as it were, was already a good model, and then it turned out that everything, as it were, could be even more interesting, because , novorossiya. maybe a resident just needs to adapt the then, as it were, technologies and adapt the region itself according to agriculture in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. they talked a lot about the need for planting forests, because forests, especially in the valleys of steppe rivers. they retain moisture. but of course, to fully implement. this was only possible after the war. here was such a stalinist plan

for the transformation of nature, a very large-scale one adopted in 1948, and then already, but it was possible to completely get rid of droughts. here, there were a number of measures. adopted landscape black sea novorossiy changed here by anthropogenic impact, then there are human influences and these are all fine adjustments. they can very easily be lost, and already in recent ukrainian years, a number of such negative trends have been outlined, dry moments began to appear again , such moments there were problems with land reclamation or problems or problems with water in the dnieper in the dniester, that is, there is already a lack of attention to e, these here is uh maintaining, here is this ah landscape. yes, in working order. here it has already begun to affect during the war period. but uh, i repeat that the prospects granaries. they are undoubted, that is, no one raises questions about this whole story with

grain making. yes, it's all, but hmm just indicates that this is a region that has world, so to speak, global significance as an agrarian province. but that is very easy to destroy. eh, and then it's hard to recreate. uh, this agrarian complex, forget about it. it is impossible in any case to talk about the prospects for the harvest last year. of course, we understood that the main factor that will affect him is hostilities. eh, those risks paid off. eh, or rather our most pessimistic forecasts. i have observed it. here i am when in the spring yes, i just arrived from there, and we were recording the program, and then i already saw the battle for the harvest. and this is a battle according to its intensity, but it was not inferior to, uh, the fighting on the line of contact, because it directly required very serious state efforts. yes, in order to arrive with technology that did not reach there so that in the oven of safety and so further, in order to harvest this crop, and now, right before my eyes, this happened and,

that is, in general. we can say that, of course , there were losses, they are obvious, of course. ah. they were inevitable. yes, they understand it, right? but how would they cope, what is called better than many, could even e assume the worst fears did not come true. i can tell you about the new agrarian year, what are its main challenges and risks in novorossia , and the risks are connected, let’s say, with issues, and more in the world of economic and even legal ones. that is, here are the questions, there are issues of ownership of the status of enterprises, yes, which were ukrainian. yes , now all this is moving to, uh, russian rails. this, of course, requires special attention, and i know that there is such an understanding that this is not discussed. now not only the economy, but a lot, to a large extent , the social sphere, because i will repeat it in our regions here, but a lot is tied outside the purely industrial donbass, we talked about tomatoes, kherson famous ones. well let's be honest

purchase prices, yes, uh, which, so to speak, have already arrived businessmen from the mainland. yes, they were well, not the best, but tall and , of course, here it is necessary that people who are direct agricultural producers, but still have funds and a motive to continue this hard work. that is, development. this is something you also need to follow, but finally. there is also a factor hmm which , uh, is just more strategic in nature, it will move on, that is, like a fiery tornado that passes through territory, leaving huge destruction. a and in particular, this applies to just those features, uh, associated with the agriculture of the region. here, if we look at the fight videos. we see that the main war is going on in forest plantations. millions of trees were planted in those very strips that began to be actively planted after the war. now these forests. i repeat became the main theater of war, because

this is the only place where you can hide, and both sides. yes trees. uh, well, they remind some of them, but only sticks remain and we need to think now. tom, how are we following the sappers, who will remove explosive devices from there, undisassembled shells of mines, with which everything is stuffed there, yes, but how are we going to restore? here it is, uh, forest protection belt. this is very important because we can turn the region into a desert. already our own. yes, that's the liberated territory, but just a few years. especially. here, taking into account some climatic changes of warming, which we are fixing there. it is necessary will also invest adequate, so to speak, resources for the reclamation of all this. here's to forget about it. it is impossible in any case. thank you very much sasha for this very detailed, conversational, large industrial center of the lugansk people's republic, according to official statistics, the third largest

in terms of the number of inhabitants. it arose in 1895 as a working settlement at the plant of the donetsk yuryev metallurgical society, now the alchevsk medical plant in different years was called alchevskaya, voroshilovsk, alchevsk kommunarsk, and since 1991 again alchevskaya the city owes its name to the merchant of the first guild, the founder of the plant and the joint-stock company alexei kirillovich alchevsky for the development of the industry of the russian empire at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. genius in terms of the size of his fortune at the beginning of the 20th century , alchevsky was one of the ten richest people

in russia, his assets were estimated grandiose by that time the amount of 30 million rubles. he created the first joint-stock mortgage bank and financial-industrial group in the empire, combining investment and production capital at his own expense alchevsk built churches, hospitals, schools for workers and their families, as a private person paid for the construction of the world's first monument to taras shevchenko, it was installed in his estate in kharkov in 1899 and people. whose name is today, the city of alchevsk in the luhansk people's republic in the plot of olga mokhova, it was such a time after cancellation. the basis of law russia gradually turned from an agrarian into an industrial power. and he was such a person,

enterprising, progressive, ready to take risks and able to negotiate. this gave impetus to such activity to the emergence of entrepreneurship. here. in general, this was the time of the industrial boom, the construction of railway factories. well, as an entrepreneur, he was also very talented, he was not afraid of everything new . the opening of the kharkov land bank in 1871 was an important event for private landowners. here it was possible to get a loan secured by land or real estate, and both in the city and in the province, the alchevsk pledge set seven and a half percent per annum, much less than what the moneylenders and soon similar private credit institutions took. in the russian empire. there were already ten. the serfdom of the land had just been abolished; the landownership there was falling into decay, the landowners did not know what to do with this land. and so they could lay in percent and most importantly, they

did not take away this land or real estate. they could use all this until they paid off their debts, alchevskiy quickly became a rich man, but not only the desire to make a profit motivated him. he dreamed of changing the life of his native land and its people inhabiting it for the better , he is planning the construction of a european-style metallurgical plant using advanced technologies and calls donbass the most suitable for this place, having received permission to develop coal seams in the slavic-serbian district. he creates alekseevskoe mining society, starting with one million enterprises quickly reached a production volume of 45 million pounds of high-grade coal per year, the meaning is one and simple. he used the consumption chain chain. that is, he needed it to be coal. coke metal. aleksey kirill that he began to build a metallurgy production, they first use energy coal for it, and then the furnaces and right there , in fact, turning coal into metal into cast iron, which was quite actively

sold, was very much in demand not only for inside me on foreign markets , the alchevsk metallurgical company is building yuryev, relying solely on its own capital , on his own initiative , a russian pravedans society was established in mariupol , a controlling stake, the shares of which belonged to the belgians now. this is the name of ilyich. he played first of all for his own interests for the interests of his domestic partners. and only if it didn't work. he has already approached foreign investors. he did not disdain them, but priority. he placed precisely clearly, and in in this sense, probably, alexei kirill was still a patriot, he treated their simple lud like a father. from all the rooted capital, but withdrawn, under the mines, the same peasants who wished to become workers gave the opportunity to learn to read and write in the alekseevsk public school built by him next to his estate during the day, children studied, and in the evening adults and in many respects this merit of the wife of alchevsk christina danilovna to the granddaughter of the hero

of the war of 1812, general vuich. in one of the magazines. he read her poem and became very interested in the young lady of their novel. started with letters and they corresponded for a very long time also she wrote in her letters that she was very sentimental. and that mystery is crying over poems? shevchenko well , after they talked for a very long time in 1862. they got married, all their children dreamed of being teachers and at various times taught at the alekseevskaya school. also, at the invitation of the alchevsk people, the future author of the first dictionary of the ukrainian language, boris grinchenko, kristina danilovna herself , an educated and progressive woman at that time, came to work here. correspondence with ivan franko wrote and published pedagogical works. leo tolstoy called himself the most zealous propagandist of her book, that to read to the people the basic principles of christina danilovna alchevskaya's sunday schools were that, through e,

reading activity. uh, it was possible to educate the spiritual and moral culture not only of children, but also of adults, when the school was opened here in alekseevka , there were a lot of peoples. everyone came and with such enthusiasm and such inspiration people were drawn to literacy. kristina danilovna was the soul of all charitable undertakings his husband his industrial empire at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries flourished thanks to, among other things, the molchevsk enterprise, the production of iron and stalin, the donbass had increased by that time by 27 times, but then a financial and economic crisis broke out, paralyzing russian industry. out of the crisis. could have been a big state order allergic sent to st. petersburg to the then minister of finance, sergei vita but he was refused 2 days later, he committed suicide under

the wheels of a train. what alexey kirillovich was very depressing the idea that the collapse of the banks he headed would lead to the loss of the savings of many in general, ordinary people who trusted him, that when he died, they wrote such reviews about him that such a person with such enthusiasm is easy to find and replace, some. yes, the famous phrase that there are no irreplaceable people wrote about him that there are people who are very difficult to replace, depreciated after the death of the alchevsk shares of his enterprise, concentrated in the hands of belgian companies not particularly interested in the development of the russian region the industrialists petitioned the government. in order for the yuryevka railway station near which the metallurgical plant was built to receive his name

, the current city arose, alchevsk kristina danilovna did not quit educational activities and did not close her schools, despite the financial difficulties of the anastasia popova family, a typical novorossia. that's all we wanted to talk about. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. see you soon. according to the latest information, four people died , more than 10 were injured in novosibirsk, they find out all the circumstances of the explosion in a residential building. what is the condition of the wounded? what exactly could lead to the tragedy , people can remain in turkey every minute , the lists of the dead, the victims and those rescued after the earthquakes are updated, what is the situation by this