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hello on the air of the international review in the studio of fyodor lukyanov today in the program of the international review of the events of the week of chronicles facts comments joe biden is going to poland defeat of russia advanced outpost of nato in the eastern direction. yet the anniversary is going to cause exaltation. everyone is waiting for something special, however, without the magic of numbers. understandable fighting. we have come to the moment when the participants hope to reverse the current dynamics. kiev is waiting for the bottom soon, let us advance on weapons and heavy equipment. and we will win nato firmly promises, but the negotiations wither even with tanks, seemingly

coordinated hitches on aircraft. while his stupor of reasons, the two united states and allies dared not see tough responses from the russian side to the previous steps, but they are afraid to inflate military assistance further. and suddenly here the russians just pass the notorious red line, the second reason is prosaic deliveries to ukraine require such volumes that we already have to tear off one defense minister after another, they say, further transfer of weapons calls into question our own ability to defend ourselves. in its history, nato has expanded eight times, three waves of expansion were even before the collapse of the ussr and since the ninety-first year, the number of members of the bloc has grown from sixteen to thirty in the ninety-ninth it included hungary poland and the czech republic in 2004 bulgaria romania and slovakia as

well as lithuania latvia slovenia and estonia in one only in germany 50 us bases and facilities the largest of them is the rammstein air base nato bases are also in italy france belgium the netherlands norway iceland turkey lithuania lublin krakow winning in poland, the total potential of the alliance in europe is difficult to assess, but it is known that over the past year the number. let the nato increase on the eastern flank approximately three times half of all forces is the us army 1 million 400,000 military personnel, but there are up to 100,000 people in europe , the second half are the armies of the other members of the alliance , the largest force turkey is about 300,000 people, but

poland has been actively building military construction over the last year warsaw wants to double the polish army to 200,000. it is approximately. what is france, germany, and even more than in britain. moreover, the armies of these countries are constantly experiencing difficulties recently during the exercises of the bundeswehr, and all 18 new armored personnel carriers were supposed to be built. what it is these vehicles that will become the core of the rapid reaction forces of the north atlantic alliance in europe, and the uk turned out to be not ready for mi to use seven of the fourteen tanks of the challenge that is going to be delivered to kiev in france, the military faced a shortage of ammunition for howitzers, and in britain, as it turned out, in the event of a war with russia, shells , enough for half a day , the sun newspaper wrote about this, referring to the words of general sir richard burns the british army, in general, is in the worst condition in

the last 200 years, the times noted that the military asked for an additional 10 billion pounds to cover losses after helping ukraine, it came to the point that the british asked not to transfer command of the nato rapid reaction force to them, according to the daily mail. now they are headed by the germans, but at the end of the year the management was to go to london, which informally asked not to do this, because it was not ready for responsibility. with nato, paradox turns out to be the most powerful military alliance in world history , there are practically no rivals. and when it came down to it, complaints began, that, no today themselves are not enough. how can you figure it out? vadim kozyulin from the diplomatic academy of the ministry of foreign affairs of russia will help us only boris hello. well, the decisive phase of the company is coming. this is generally recognized by everyone, and that's all. time there are such lamentations, sobs, that

there is not enough equipment for ukraine due to the fact that kiev all the time is required by itself, soon there will be nothing to fight. here is from your point of view. is this a political game? or do we really have a problem? this is the nato equipment that is supplied to ukraine, it is diverse. well for example, they supply, uh, howitzers from france are excellent. probably goofs. they require their own spare parts kit as well. naturally, software today is important and qualified service. the french trained the ukrainian military to maintain their howitzers, followed by howitzers and the united states is also a good howitzer, but they arise the next exactly the same training cycle logistics , supply of spare parts, distribution along the front and, accordingly , logistics along the entire

length of the front. they are not interchangeable a person who studied french in the american cannot work. there is another big problem for the west; he was preparing to fight with the soviet union. and according to the nato strategy of that time, this is a flexible response strategy for three weeks. this is what should have been envisaged for an ordinary military company, after 3 weeks they were going to fight nuclear weapons with conventional weapons, that is, for 3 weeks, nato troops held back warsaw pact troops in 3 weeks. uh, conventional weapons, cartridges, shells were no longer needed, rockets, bombs, and so on, accordingly, the warehouses were provided for. the soviet union had a different strategy. he had a

mobilization plan, that is, each strategic plant had to reserve mobilization capacities in case of war. well, if you went to students for potatoes, you saw mountains of saltpeter packed in these bags on the fields, the chemical industry produced fertilizers, but in fact it was envisaged that this fertilizer would turn into gunpowder in case of war. well, relatively. it was, after all, a long time ago we have changed a lot since then and they and the company. they led others. here, probably, now, in principle, some have ukraine armed with soviet weapons. these are 72 tanks. this is soviet-caliber artillery, respectively, soviet- standard ammunition, nato, the standards are different. the second world war showed that the rifle was excessive in power, and its automatic submachine gun, on the contrary, was not enough , an intermediate solution appeared. sort of like

a stringer. wehrmacht literally. this is an assault rifle you can shoot like single and automatic fire, and a smaller caliber allows you to take more cartridges in russia, such weapons are usually called automatic weapons after the war , the nato bloc and its standard one appear, but in the usa the generals were sure that american soldiers always shoot right on target and automatic fire is redundant at as a result , the american rifle cartridge 7.62 by 51 is accepted into service in nato as compensation. true, it was decided that the rifle would be common. maybe not even american belgians. suggest your fm file, british. they even adopted it. when the americans said they didn't. they will have their own m14 rifle from the french. nato they had a difficult relationship. they relied on their developments. a fall was

ready to buy even germany but the belgians. remember, in the humiliation of world war ii, they refused to sell it to berlin, while the us air force , to protect strategic bombers , buys m16 rifles from colt , the vietnam war begins and this weapon is supplied there from a wooden m-14. automatic fire everywhere. impossible am, 16, despite all your problems. and this is how a paradoxical situation develops in vietnam, there is a war of the m16 and chinese kalashnikovs with an intermediate cartridge, and in europe no one has canceled nato standards and the military walks with a wooden m-14. in the seventies, a new competition opens. and again, the variant of the american cartridge with a caliber of 5.56 mm about a rubber rifle wins. it’s already out of the question, it’s obvious that it can only be american germany, but in general

sabotages the transition to a new caliber, the germans are developing their own project, the g-11 rifle, that shoots needles. true, reloading it is almost impossible, especially on the battlefield. according to one version, this happened because german experts considered that during a military conflict with the use of tactical nuclear charges. the infantryman will live only three to five minutes and reload. he will not really need this product in america. they even called the rapid-fire cuckoo clock. after all , gears were used in it, but after the collapse of the soviet union, the program was closed with relief and the g-36 was adopted under the cartridge. however, during the conflict in xxi century. it turned out that the enemy had appeared. inexpensive chinese bulletproof vests and a nato cartridge do not penetrate them at a distance, and here, in full accordance with the soviet concept, when one

dragunov sniper rifle from iraq relies on a squad , photographs with old m14s began to appear, only weapons with an optical sight, perfection improving sights, including by improving the body kit of machines. it turns out that nato was an organization nato was the most powerful and impressive solid when, in general, there was no need to fight, as a means of balancing the balance, and so on, as soon as the companies began after the ninety-first year, local ones first. now this is something special. eh, a lot of problems. if efficiency is everything and so on, it turns out, maybe nato is generally a peacetime alliance, remember our leader. mikhail gorbachev, he announced the policy of new thinking, that is, the priority of the national common global in general , people's human human values ​​on the national. that is for nato then

there was a serious problem. and in general, for good it was necessary to dissolve. how did the warsaw pact and such a scenario. well, in general, it was likely at some period, but, but she herself in general. somehow cheered up a lot of afghanistan during peacekeeping operations in quotation marks in yugoslavia yes, and in a word , these anti-terrorist peacekeeping operations breathed a second life into nato, nato chiefs and at the country level at the alliance level are now very stressed that the ladies are massively training ukrainian officers and the army is changing, the ukrainian army will fight differently according to western standards, and so on, firstly, how this standard differs. here, if it’s rude for non-specialists, and secondly, here you, as an observer from the side, you notice, how tactics are changing precisely in the direction of some

other other tradition, and today e vsu receives information from satellites. ah, but gradually new topics emerged, let's say, uh, information warfare. and or a variety of hybrid types of war, all this was also studied and passed on their experience, cyber cybersecurity. she did a good job, i must say at the time, uh, in february. so and this is not only what we hear when gunners are being trained. tankers have now begun to train pilots. what distinguishes today , let's say, the nato school, which, uh , is also visible in ukraine, and fighters or commanders, not at the call of the level, can make independent decisions, changing the plan of the higher authorities. it is, let's say, so important to distinguish the peculiarity of the

nato school or strategy from what was adopted in the soviet union. so it is considered classical in russia, well, one can argue, how to do it better, but in any case, ah. today, nato is spreading the method of warfare not only nato but all states and russia, too, today is striving to rebuild a system of network-centric warfare. this is when communication and control are carried out in direct and, well, online mode, information is collected from various sources , this information is processed, this information is communicated to each commander in real time in the amount he needs. it's very complicated, of course, uh, the problem, uh, is to collect a huge amount of information , process it, distribute it to each according to its intended purpose and distribute its time, but nato solves this problem. it is very expensive. this is

a very complex technical that will probably be carried out. uh, yet, well, it can't be decades, maybe two, because some technical means, like communication, uh, five gs or what? red things, he is still just so to speak, begins to develop to take shape. well, uh, while the old elements are also present. so the planes were mentioned, the training of pilots. how after all, it’s really fast to prepare enough of their number of ukrainian pilots, because there are many suspicions that they will fly in the end, after all, they are not. and those who can and most importantly. uh, that's really the character can change confrontation. where will they fly from? there is, if there is a chance that these aircraft will be provided, although now, while there is a hitch, some will not start from the territory of ukraine. it that, then generally absolutely other conflict. and this will be a very serious challenge and test of our red

lines. still, the aircraft has a range, but several thousand kilometers. that is, this will open up the opportunity, firstly, to strike at our deep ones. and you lamps to our central cities. i don't think it's necessary to want it. this is the first, second. this is opposition. russia probably has the best air defense system in the world. and these planes will shoot down. and very , uh, quickly in large numbers, i don’t think i’m interested in watching how f-16s or phantoms or grippins, but will fall. well, besides pilot auto not yet great britain has announced that it is starting to prepare them, but this is a long process. pilot as they say, piece products have been preparing it for years and, of course, place them on nato airfields on airfields. let's say in poland. uh, this means exposing poland, that is, poland

is directly involved in the conflict, if planes take off from its territory carrying rocket bombs, that is, this is already the direct participation of one of the nato countries in the conflict. i don't think it will support. well then, it means that while we rely on political prudence, if it is still preserved, but i think that it exists and the resource has not yet been exhausted. thank you very much, one kozyulin from the diplomatic academy was with us. again about the threats

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a chinese balloon over the usa, whether a curiosity, or a warning, for a week the topic began to resemble a farce of balloons, suddenly showed up everywhere in canada, china again the usa and none from china due to stratospheric espionage. it is not necessary to quarrel. you just have to be vigilant. and why did they suddenly remember about balloons and this is the age of orbital groupings? the balloon is actually quite an interesting object. e hmm, at first all the usa actively used them against a friend, and i must say that this is a rather difficult target, and since balloons. uh fly at heights

that exceed altitude. uh, the operation of the vast majority of anti-general defense systems. well, you can allow, of course, and on smaller ones and that's it. it's like on these. here they are well, but now, if balloons are allowed seriously good for expensive. it’s there 25-30 km and above that they become a very difficult target, and yet not a satellite, and you can’t use anti-satellite missiles against them, because a rocket doesn’t live in the atmosphere, if it asks for a fairing there, then, accordingly, it will instantly be disassembled into parts of the atmosphere. here, uh, well, already higher. uh, most, the vast majority of conventional anti-piston defense systems are designed to fight. there , of course, by planes or cruise missiles. well, the disadvantage is understandable, the balloon is almost impossible to control at that time is not completely impossible. and if you have a good picture of atmospheric flows, at high altitudes of the sphere, then you can

let me fly from the shower to the flow that you need and carries approximately in this direction. well, within these limits, maybe u name to manage. although this is also not the most reliable way and, of course, shoot. here is some specific object very ball. e is much more difficult than by satellite or by plane. in general, the good old mangalfieras have not yet been released into circulation. although apart from them, oh how a lot of different things, watching us from above directly above us in the first place. every moment of a specific specific time , satellites fly. this is the main thing that is following us. this is, most importantly, a reliable support for american intelligence and satellite intelligence. let's just say it's better from what anyone in the world has today and they make the main bet on it, and satellites are used for various types of reconnaissance.

uh, i mean both control over personal nuclear forces and observations of the state of the economy, relatively speaking, there they controlled state, such as our transportation of our piping systems. and, of course, they are watching the deployment of our conventional armed forces. how do ours behave there, uh, where are the troops deployed? how they prepare uh, well, of course, he shares this information with ukraine, which we are now in a state of armed conflict. and this is the first second. it means that it flies, of course, american intelligence on planes. they fly around the perimeter of the borders. right now, they fly very actively in europe, uh, along the borders. uh, hmm, the former soviet union, well, respectively, they help ukraine who have developed information, while being in the airspace. poland or romania there, but hmm well, on the other hand,

although there is less volume, but they fly. uh, share our borders, let's say the seas oceans. at the same time, it should be noted that, compared with the pre- war period, there is with the twentieth, for example, the xxi faith. uh, tension level. that's it . here, uh, in the area of ​​​​our borders in the north or in the far east, he is not now so high, because all the same, the turn is won, here, but the actions that could be considered provocations, so reading for us the main trouble is that they were ukrainian extreme ones in europe flying there. it is that they fly in the far east or in the north. this is our e is not so annoying. well, and they're trying too hard in this case. heaven turns out to be very promised. whoever lives there is the funniest of all, that the cascade

of celestial phenomena that broke into the information field could not do without unidentified flying objects enough it was a pentagon representative to say that they have no reason to consider the objects alien to the public. understood for a reason. kibok bursts of unidentified flying objects that were shot down in the sky by the us pilot of the plane. it seems to me that the target is of no value for observation. well, this is not exactly michael lukovich, but the methods of identification. ufo f-22 fighter pilot. he says he's armed. i repeat the object is armed with a beaverell continues the theme of balloons replica from the white house, if you ask me about these spy balloons, then, in my opinion humble opinion, the situation is slightly out of control, diveman, downed objects

below the signature with apologies to the dog snoopy of the series, pot-bellied trifle. he considered himself an ace of the first world war as well as peter mary poppins and the hero of spielberg's film alien, then sneer at the press secretary of the white house karen jean-pierre. she is known for both cryptic and sometimes inexplicable statements. so this time, she says, we have no evidence of the presence of aliens or any other alien activity. this time it doesn't seem to work out. but if we put aside the tabloid, sensationalism, once popular, the topic of contact with extraterrestrial intelligence, it is alive, or rather, science faces such a goal of research. the search for life, the search for determining the conditions for the emergence of life and intelligent life , is certainly one of the priority

goals. uh, modern astronomy, and even there, not a boring time was given in physics for the discovery of an exoplanet. one of the important factors for the presence of life in the universe is the presence of a planet of other stars. we still didn’t know for 20 years if the planets other star nine there or now eight in plan and uh, somewhere in the late nineties of the last century there was a breakthrough. and now we see in the order of low thousands, as we say exoplanets around other stars, and we understand that pla this is a common thing and here is one of none of the unknowns in this equation of the probability of life the presence of a planet. the star has become almost equal to one, which is another matter, which is far from possible on most of these planets in life, because they are either too cold or too hot. here this is already the next step, therefore , such work is definitely going on and it is being determined. eh,

the conditions for the emergence of life, that is, the planets, are also being sought, and even now they are even trying to determine the composition of the atmospheres in the plan and, of course, signals are being sought. perhaps artificial signals from outer space are being, now, basically true, that is, the artificial signal works, mainly amateurs surveying the sky with radio telescopes, large large telescopes. we have the united states in china, and from what they watch is what they don’t see under other tasks are trying some here are the signals so far, nothing has turned out to be. the civilization search program they are usually privately funded. the last story of our yuri miller and sponsored this story there is or was, at least such a story is called, well, the well-known c&net program. yes, according to the search , just in earthly life in different signals,