[000:00:00;00] there are no permanent friends or permanent enemies in international politics in world affairs, and we play the same game no

permanent enemies no permanent friends. an incredible story of espionage diplomatic and military confrontation the clash between the two powers of western and ancient history was called a big game they were not afraid of the russians, then they were afraid it might appear now, but such a topic is a story, there is a big pepper, and they are so afraid that they will lose their empire, it’s obvious that there is a collision of two large geopolitical aspirations. this is a game that is to find out who will be the dominant force. the nineteenth century british empire became the most

powerful country in the world, the leading colonial power, the british fleet was the most powerful and strongest and reigned supreme on the seas and oceans. the british army was excellent, equipped and trained. the industrial revolution turned england into the locomotive of the world economy and was already pursuing a global policy. she created a global empire naturally for her issues related to competition with other european ones. for the last 300 years, it has been rapidly expanding at a rate of 140 m² per day or 52,000 m² per year; the russians

conquered the crimean khanate; appeared in transcaucasia ; there is a system forming elements of the international system. the state does not stop at 200 km. from the sea. it either reaches him or his they push it further and someone else occupies it, if you look at the map of the british empire, except for obvious places like canada australia, for example, the british empire was certainly a maritime power. the russian empire was compared with an elephant, and the british hermitage from the mainland side, and britain from the ocean side, of course.

it had to collide somehow. the expansion of the russian empire to the south meant for broken line the hypothetical possibility that someday russian interests might extend to india too. and, of course, the english always had this horror in their minds that they might lose the pearl of their empire, because for britain, india is much more than any colony for any country. xix century, india accounted for about 27% of world gdp. it was the second richest country

on the planet after china. so that's a century later, when britain became the workshop of the world. uh, india was one and a half percent of its attraction for british adventurers. earn large sums of money. for the development of south asia in 1600 in london , a private company of merchants of london was founded , trading in post-india , not only merchants, but also many politicians

did not invest their money in the spice trade in modern times. the europeans began to establish direct control over the lucrative spice trade. in asia could only be purchased at huge prices , the european colonial powers gained direct control over the spice trade. british politics at the time were quite corrupt if you had money you could buy a seat in parliament india at that time brought great wealth to britain until the middle of the 19th century, india was not a colony in its purest form. these were territories that were ruled by a private post. the ying company, however, acted on behalf of

the british crown, as a conductor of the british crown and in the interests of britain , the very idea that a controlled state could exist. not that the state of the whole indian empire, ruled not even by some private person, yes, but generally speaking, existence animated campaign. this is actually the political organization of the future. why are we all gradually coming now? the company controlled vast territories with the help of sepoys, the so-called mercenaries, who were recruited from local residents by the rulers of indian principalities, transferred the company to conduct foreign affairs and paid a subsidy for the maintenance of the company’s army, in addition, they kept british presidential officials

at their courts, that is, the capture of india took place on the money of the indians and their own hands became one of the main sources of british economic and political miracle of the 19th century. in 1801 , an international event of incredible scale takes place, which becomes the first step in the great game of napoleon bonaparte and the russian emperor paul , the first to conclude a military union, nothing like that.

i didn’t expect a few years before that russia was just in the anti-french coalition in alliance with britain and fought against napoleon. when in 1800 the allies captured the island of malta, pavel was sure that he would be given to russia, because on the russian continent the russian emperor wanted to make the island the base of the russian fleet in the mediterranean, but the british left malta siberia, along with france and other allies, begins a general european blockade of the british isles to england, the supply of russian grain to the population of the country is stopped. famine threatens at the end of 1800, france and russia decide to jointly attack british india, the french corps was supposed to pass through south russia and then from astrakhan along the caspian sea and land in the persian port. russian troops had to go through

bukhara and khiguk to afghanistan in order to connect with the french in the herat area. where did the direct road to india open from? i don’t wait for the french on january 12, 1801, pavel was the first to hand over the imperial donskoy orlov, it says that they need to be attacked , where blows can be sensitive . and to bring russia into the same dependence on the land as it was; he bargained, please send us news of that 40 cossack regiments under

the command of the generals set off. go ilya, let me add it from here. the first surrounded himself with a whole party of anglophobes, who did not want england to lay hands on the continent, did not push the emperor to rapprochement with france , the anglophiles, who were very numerous in st. petersburg, decided to stop this rapprochement. paul was the first to die. march 12, 1801 russian officers conspirators kill emperor paul in the mikhailovsky castle of st. petersburg coordinated the action of the conspirators british utensils charles whitford on the assassination of paul i reached paris no one believed in the institution, which was the official version of the death of

the english king financially, of course, the british were not just behind this conspiracy. there the situation was so absurd that in london about death. almost simultaneously with the assassination of paul i, an unsuccessful attempt is made. they tried to blow him up on napoleon with the help, as they then said to the infernal machine, the next day after the death of paul, the new emperor alexander sends a gonce to the cossack detachments atamanov and platova with the order to block the trip to india, probably a tragic death, or rather the murder of the emperor. paul averted the inevitable death of 22,000. cossacks fee. of course, they were skillful warriors, desperate

fighters knew how to survive in the most difficult conditions. but that spring. they would hardly have even reached the afghan border in the detachment , the first frostbite had already begun, there was not enough food for the horses, and besides, who knows. the beginning of the campaign caused a very serious reaction in england; special maps were even issued. this is about how russia is, uh, so aggressive in the east that we need to be prepared for russia to go into our possessions russia was definitely the main threat to india and, of course, this is

explained in central asia rivalry with russia start a struggle for control of the central asian region, which divided the territory of the russian empire in 1810, two british officers, 22. they had to find out. will the enemy army, that is, the russians, be able to pass this route, the task turned out to be incredible risky charles christie one day

was almost exposed when the local mullah, in one of the villages. i entered into a serious dispute with him about islam. he bought himself a pair of shoes. hands all the way, lieutenant cottinger, introduced secret daily records of everything he saw and

heard, he noted springs and rivers of crops and the nature of the climate, outlined the best places for defense, his notes became. the first military map of the western approaches to india in 3 months. the british scouts traveled over 2,500 km. lieutenants of putin for the implementation of this unique mission. a quick promotion and a knighthood awaited. they studied the alleged asian theater of operations in europe were going into real battles. in 1812, when napoleon invaded russia, england did everything to support her, not at all because he felt love for russia, but simply

because the enemy of my enemy, my friend, as for england - this is normal for england to support russia because the biggest threat to it at that time was the napoleon of moscow . indeed, the british at the same time they supported the persian, they supported the ottoman empire that is, as they say, the natural opponents of russia from a geopolitical point of view in 1814, the russian cossacks, who did not reach british india, enter paris , russian bayonets saved britain and really

helped her get rid of the most dangerous competitor when france was destroyed destroyed by the hands of russia well, as is always the case in english big politics , english enemies, as a rule, are destroyed by the wrong hands. suddenly it turned out that russia is the state number one. right after victory over napoleon in europe explodes anti-russian information bomb was made fake, allegedly the will of peter i that peter i bequeathed on his deathbed. well, such is the unrestrained expansion of the russian empire to the east, the anonymous authors of the false testament attribute to peter the great the following instructions to their descendants to introduce continuous hostilities through wars and diplomatic intrigues, subjugate all of europe, divide poland, neutralize turkey and conquer india, these ideas are developed by

the english general sir robertson, his book, a description of the military and political power of russia comes out in 1817 and quickly becomes goalless, having withstood five of the knowledge in a row , wilson claims that inspired by his unexpected power, russia plans to capture constantinople and then the fading ottoman empire and then the russians will capture india wilson is considered one of the fathers of european russophobia in 1812 returning to london from russia, where he served as a military attaché, at the headquarters of the russian army, the general begins to talk about supposedly incredible the atrocities of russian soldiers and cossacks against the captured french, including acts of cannibalism and cruel executions, since wilson was personally acquainted with alexander with a body with other russian commanders, he himself participated in battles with the french, where he showed remarkable. the courage of the general was believed for many years, his book

was considered a source of authoritative and verified information about russia, it largely determined the vectors for the development of british foreign policy and the book was often quoted by parliamentarians and journalists. vala fears, that the russian expansion of the tsarist expansion in central asia will not stop, that british india can be strangled by the deadly embrace of the russian bear? the englishman puts himself in our place. and when they realize that here, yes. here they are in the center of eurasia and have this resource. and, of course, they understand that there is no reason not to put these resources into action and not to subjugate them, in the end, the entire

russian continent strengthened their positions in the caucasus, no. and the russians are pushing the version and inspecting the empire and it threatens india the russian fleet appeared in the mediterranean. this threatens india does not want to admit that the action of st. petersburg was caused by objective statesmen from european countries that were looking for colonies. russia did not choose any territories, it went to natural geopolitical boundaries,

because catastrophically catherine ii wrote to her friends in europe saying, you don’t understand that we are striving for expansion. i do everything to stop the expansion of the territory, but the need for defense. she forces move towards the borders. why did we need it? crimea had to be destroyed, the main thing is nothing more than the market that existed there, because these raids are nomadic. they were, of course, already becoming, uh, colossal problems. asia that we see a vast expanse of the steppe, which is a kind of such a hotbed of robbery, right? the great silk road ceased to exist. here is the movement of caravans. this movement of money is the movement of the economy. with the advent of sea

routes, which in general have become much simpler , more profitable and safer. people who have nothing in fact, to feed themselves, they are simply forced to engage in the slave trade , banditry, robbery, and so on, for example, at the beginning of the 19th century, several thousand russian captives were sold every year in the slave markets and you of bukhara, kokand.

because they were people, well, women. the first serious attempt to rescue the captives was made by the authorities of the empire in 1819 , a russian intelligence agent went to him from the caucasus. captain nikolai muravyov his first rank. he received at only 17 years of age, in less than 24 years , made several secret expeditions

great. he knew the tatar and persian languages ​​and managed to convey to muravyov a short letter about his situation. we would like to inform your excellency that there are about 3,000 slaves here who are suffering unheard of suffering from cold hunger and hard work. have pity on our fate and deliver this letter to his majesty, the ant emperor has compiled a report including his recommendations. release the subjects of the king by military means alexander what he read, but did not make a decision on the campaign. russia was not ready for military expansion into central asia, however, economic penetration into the region had already begun, specifically russian interests. in central asia, of course, there were also from

the point of view. let's say without danger what they then called legitimate interesting were. of course, in these areas, at the beginning of the 19th century , there were more and more russian merchants in the markets of central asia, mainly in 1807 , english merchants were trading on the table for alexander in it, reportedly in bukhara. he took pictures of them with his insidious intent, they buy up various things and bread for yourself high. i give tons to the people with a significant loss for themselves, the expenses are paid, of course, by the host-il company, which in this way eliminates russian merchants of competitors. simultaneously with the trade war in central asia , the confrontation between british and russian intelligence is intensifying. first. a face-to-face meeting of competitors

takes place in 1819 at the foot of the himalayas. breeder's military horse. the traveler was heading to central asia to cardinate the work of the british residency and economic operations against the russian merchants of the murks, very did a lot of exploration in 1818. the chinese authorities from east turkistan posted drawings with the image. that is, where it was written that if you see such people, he was red-haired. to catch and deliver the bosses aga mehdi, a persian jew and a secret agent of russian intelligence, who received the name mehdi rafailov in russia, went to the punjab. a successful merchant, awarded by the tsar with a gold

medal for trading in russian goods in the markets of north india, this time, in addition to kovrov vez, the ruler of the principality of the sikhs interfered. a secret letter from the russian emperor. where caravans with russian goods pass, then russian troops will be able to pass in their report. he wrote that the russians were preparing a monstrous conquest plan soon under detachment circumstances, local

children. the british intelligence officer died on the way home, either from a sudden fever , or from poisoning, you were afraid of our agents and central asia and our merchants, and we are also your agents and merchants, because there was a commercial competition was a military one, meanwhile tension between petersburg and london is growing in the black sea region in 1817. the russian army begins to actively conquer and annex the caucasus, the influence of britain is weaker than its allies persia and the ottoman empire, it is losing its position within the framework of the concept of defense of india. england cannot allow this, generally english with a clock, american policy. she's very systemic here. and it consists of a lot of connected components, which at the same time outwardly, it seems, are not connected, but on the other hand. this is all part of a pretty

big deal. strategies in what e britain after all, it has always worked very actively inside the country inside russia, of course, behind the caucasian warriors, who are now very much raised to the shield, they remember. it certainly has always been the hand of britain, which sent thousands of emissaries there in the spring of 1000, 834 , a young man descends from a british warship under cover of night to the caucasian coast of the black sea. his name is davidward. the 28-year-old english intelligence officer arrived in the caucasus to unite the highlanders and develop tactics for their actions against the russian troops. i saw documents in archive and library british library board of india. of which shamil has money to ensure that he is