members of the russian security council discussed the protection of critical facilities vladimir putin held an operational meeting. this is how the main topic of our meeting today was defined by one very important question about the worlds on the anti-terrorist security of objects under the jurisdiction of law enforcement agencies, not by the speaker, but by the minister of the interior. the versants who attacked the bryansk region have returned to kiev , according to the ukrainian press, although zelensky's office denies involvement in this attack. in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe sortie of neo-nazis introduced, enhanced security mikhail fedotov talked to residents of villages attacked by saboteurs svetlana chernolusskaya, a resident of the border village of lyubichnia, tells how she witnessed yesterday's sortie of ukrainian militants, literally colliding with

them on the street with such incomprehensible men backpacks on their shoulders. well, i ran to my daughter, we would have already dressed the child for my daughter. we went outside with her, what should we do? we let's run away to the gardens, and they shoot svetlana terrorists, did not touch. she hid in the house daughter and called the border guards, this military uniform is wearing a stocking on his head with a machine gun. he is set up so straight up and goes high and looks, and looks at the windows everywhere. all. well passed. he didn’t say anything to us, he didn’t shoot, the ukrainian drg, according to the villagers, went to lubechan. at eight in the morning from the chernihiv region, about 30 people armed to the teeth, the border with ukraine behind this forest. if you believe the map approximately 200 m , it was along this path that the militants went to the village and headed the settlement itself to crossroads. saboteurs approached a smoke bomb fired from the ground. and then they began

indiscriminately pouring fighters from machine guns, in fact, chaotic fire. here are field holes in the fence of civilians, one, two, three. four five six seven only a few dozen at the same intersection , the car of a local resident alexander tkachenko came under fire from terrorists . it can be seen that the agony. they opened literally point-blank at a completely unarmed man local residents. he still has to live and has three children to live with . family but young, young, 56 years old, i was in chernoluzhskaya during this massacre and was in the house with my mother. we just saw everything through the window and watched them run back and forth. when i woke up, i saw them running along the road shooting at tomatoes straight ahead. so i didn’t know what to do, either to dress the child, or in these shots, the

same niva on which the militants drove three students of the driver leonid golovanov from the doctor to the school of the new vorovsky the day before. also one of the schoolchildren was shot in cold blood , a ten-year-old boy, fedor, was wounded, but was able to pull out of the car and hide from saboteurs. two more girls. fighters. we went through the whole village, took the local doctor hostage, and together with her we literally reached the center to this paramedical obstetric station. in the village, the militants. we spent about an hour and a half breaking windows in houses. they went into the barn, and then, when the russian special services advanced to the local terrorist attack, they began to retreat at the same time, placing them on their way. western-made streamers and mines here is a photograph of these explosive devices made by fsb officers marking in english here on one is the inscription germany good morning accident in the klimovsky district, bryansk region, where the terrorist attack took place heavily security measures on the roads, police checkpoints with the support of special forces check all cars documents, those who inspect the trunk in the cabin, drivers and

passengers are sympathetic. many heard the battle the day before, at first it was, like, far away somewhere, then we hear closer and closer and well, decided to leave has always been. well, yes , and explosions need to be checked. what did you want? how does this happen if such a complex situation is a border zone, so what can be? it doesn’t seem to interfere, i got checked and drove on and such checks are on all roads in the border zone, the settlement is old rops. there is also a police cordon put up here, officers inspect every car from here to the border with ukraine for about three kilometers and local residents became eyewitnesses of yesterday's events. the inhabitants of this village heard powerful volleys. after our special services squeezed the ukrainian militants out of the border , they hit the square of their supposed retreat with artillery. i heard our people were standing from here, because seriously, i’ll say there weren’t among us

and our operational service and the fsb and special forces quickly worked, even from bryansk they came. here i am witnesses. i live there at the other end of the village. here they blocked all the secret roads, so that , god forbid, the blow from the ukrainian side would not pass further. yesterday he was subjected, and another inhabited point of the bryansk region of the united states, they, too, literally on the border with the chernihiv region, attacked by a drone, destroyed a private house , one person was injured. now the village is cordoned off. emergency services continue to work there. criminal cases have been initiated on the facts of the commission of a terrorist act of encroachment on the life of law enforcement officers and the destruction of property , a set of necessary investigative actions are being carried out aimed at establishing all the circumstances of the incident, as well as those involved persons in order to subsequently bring the perpetrators

to criminal responsibility. tomorrow, the brand will not yet have a funeral for those who died as a result of the attack by ukrainian militants. printed farewell for security reasons will be held in another locality . mikhail fedotov ivan ponomarenko and andrey vereshchagin news of the bryansk region collision materials of our program? africa on the eve of an era of change, a window of opportunity opens with a report from morocco this spring. they waited with apprehension, many things foreshadowed a surge of tension here and an attempt to turn the tide on the ukrainian fronts and

the growing impact of the economic war and the aggravation of all international conflicts. after all, the ability of the players to mutual understanding has gone to the peak and the world has accumulated, as before, objective contradictions said, military conflicts have accompanied humanity throughout its history. this is europe in the second half of the xx and beginning of the xxi century. lucky to consider the war an anomaly. our ancestors would have been genuinely perplexed. what arrogance, but rather an exception for almost any historical period or not, only as a result of great wars. and wars happen regularly. the thirty years' war began on may 23 , 1618 in prague when the representatives of the german emperor were thrown out of the window by the czech nobles. it was a rebellion of protestants who undermined

the power of the catholic lord of the bohemian king ferdinand from the house of habsburg to suppress the rebellion sent troops of the holy the roman empire began a campaign in which many european states were drawn in june 1624, france, england and the netherlands sign compensin treaties on the introduction of joint hostilities against the habsburgs , soon denmark sweden joins several more principalities of europe in august 1626 , the troops of the holy roman empire inflict crushing the defeat of denmark following the results of the war with her, emperor ferdinand ii issues a restorative dick decree. forbids any manifestation of protestantism, and all the lands protestants come under the control of the holy roman empire, but sweden is categorically against this, it goes to war, capturing

new enemy territories until november 1632, when the king died in battle, gustav ii adolf, the death of the king affected the morale of the soldiers, the swedish troops begin to suffer defeat. and the troops of ferdinand ii, no longer able to attack , the parties conclude the peace of prague, according to its terms, the protestants get back the occupied territories and the opponents of the habsburgs are equalized in rights with the catholics frustrated france declares war on spain, but in 1636 the habsburg army attacked france simultaneously from the south and north in paris, this was not expected by the troops of the holy roman empire, they reached almost paris but their lightning speed. the line was stopped by the army of louis 13 february 15, 1637 ferdinand ii dies and takes over the empire.

the war passes to his son ferdinand iii, the war becomes protracted, the decisive battle was the battle of the prirocroix, which france defeated spain, the empire lost its main ally, sweden, in turn inflicts a series of defeats on the imperial army , captures bohemia, bavaria and invades austria on october 24, 1648. the holy roman empire was forced to conclude the peace of westphalia with the enemy under its terms, the habsburgers retained their eastern possessions , including austria and the czech republic, the neighboring lands of the holy roman empire alsace and three bishoprics in the northwest were transferred to france, and paris becomes one of the most influential capitals of europe not dependence gets holland sweden goes to a new level for itself and becomes a european power. the holy roman empire itself. it broke up into more than 300 dwarf states subordinate to the emperor only formally.

after the thirty years war, and this series of conflicts was established, the first european order, westphalian, the second was the result of a slightly shorter series of upheavals from the french revolution to the congress of vienna 26 years, finally the epoch from 14 to 45 another 31 years, two world wars and many local wars a rigid cradle of a world order that is crumbling now, and then again 30 years of chaotic timelessness or we can handle it hurry up. how our time echoes not ours, let's talk, a wonderful historian and international affairs specialist nikolai silaev from the imo kohl hello. in our country, as in general, some kind of world order is still operating, or we have finally come to blessed anarchy. i don't know how blessed she is and how

blessed the order was if it was international very often. banarchy is spoken of as an inherent conscience of the international system, but they do not often define it as anarchy. and in my mind the best metaphor was invented by a person who is into the theory of international relations. it would seem that ernest gelner is distantly related. in one of his early works, he compared the international system with the orders in the atlas mountains of the berbers, let us recall, well , an anthropologist, a political philosopher, a very large political philosopher, and hmm, he says that there is, of course, there is another word there is clans. there are strong clans. there are clans, weak over them there is no power that would determine the relationship between them and

would set, for example, the mode of application violence and all. this happens in the process of some kind of agreements. one clan may depend on another clan, it may be completely independent, they can sometimes agree on something together, but at the same time they can continue and conflicts can continue and warriors are in order, maybe more or less, when, for example, more food is more order, when there is less food, one can conflict, while things remain that, even in the most acute conflicts between clans, are inviolable to a greater or lesser extent. lesser degree. here. i will already give examples from, uh, then a geographical area that is closer to me, well, for example , in the north caucasus in the pre-imperial era, and they used special protection and roads along which they drove the code to winter pastures to summer pastures, murder is exactly the same on such the roads were considered especially severe. just like now,

almost everyone, except for ukraine, agrees that it is not good to shoot nuclear power plants. a and. uh, in this sense, this or that share of anarchy will always be with us, but now, of course, it is obvious that there is no one clan that could claim. let's say on the royal status, even if it is compared with some kind of francs. and here we are in such a state, it turns out that in this sense, hegemony is more reliable there, at least it is clear who determines the rules. uh, so only a caveat that she will never be a complete hermony, also some kind of ideal, a type that does not occur in reality. well, right now, literally in these years, we have had the very dubious pleasure of watching how a conflict that, in general, could initially be considered a local ukrainian issue. the so-called is turning into a platform for the restoration of the world hierarchy.

that is, this is a topic, generally speaking, world world wars, as it used to be? how does it happen? this jump from one level to another begins, well, there are some hmm well , let's say local issues and suddenly you are. i'm not sure there is maybe some kind of general jump rule here. uh, i'll just remind you how u hemingway is to his local novel. with some point of view of the conflict of the spanish civil war staged games from john don that referred to asking how he tolls the bell to ring for you in this sense. well , then he tried to prove that this bell rings for everyone, that this bell rings for his readers in america. he really rang after a while. and that is, it is also like this. here is a debatable question whether you concern us or not? and uh, if

you look at the conflicts in which in one way or another in one form or another russia has been involved since the collapse of the soviet union, and there have been fully localized conflicts. although, too, they could change their role. well, for example, the karabakh conflict, about which there have never been disputes until recently between russia and the west. or these disputes were some kind of minimal, you can explain why they were minimal, because anyway, no one saw any prospects, so there’s nothing to argue about, but the point is that they didn’t exist in other conflicts, they also didn’t see prospects , but at the same time they argued, and then suddenly in the twentieth year, with the involvement of turkey with a deeper involvement of russia, it turned into not quite local. eh or what? and the ukrainian authorities still last spring strongly

pushed azerbaijan to open the second front, and if a strongly intensive this is the state of anarchy. it's an anarchic process, the uh players are looking for ways to uh hurt their opponent. and here, of course, everything comes from the other side. here, uh, let's take, uh, the georgians, the ossetian or georgian-abkhazian conflict. after all, they began essentially as intercommunal conflicts, and, uh, grew into, uh, larger ones. uh, including under the influence of the interests of some external big players. and when suddenly in the 2000s it turned out that the line of contact between the georgians , the ossetian between the territory controlled

by the authorities of south ossetia and the territory controlled by the authorities of georgia, is also a line of separation. between russia and the nato military machine yes, with all the reservations about the fact that in georgia there have never been guarantees from the side nato but politically it was read that way and uh in that sense, uh and uh, the crisis in ukraine could have remained local could have remained local. if, uh, if the big players found an opportunity to agree, found an opportunity to take into account the interests of each other. that's where the opportunities came in. i know that you participated as an expert for several years. that's the so-called in the minsk process , the notoriety there is now going on, everyone is denying it. everyone explains that no, we didn’t mean it at all. here, if you can your personal impression from the inside. uh, it was an attempt to negotiate something. and by the way, anyone with anyone really all

powdered brains were preparing to strike. i think it was an attempt to negotiate. yes, at the same time, uh, the goals were different, while the vision of the desired agreements was different and the russian vision, by the way, was always u as close as possible to the text of the minsk agreements, but i think that this was an attempt to agree and angela merkel tells so cheerfully how they wanted to deceive russia, but in doing so they overlook another very curious thing. and when they supported e a set of measures to implement the minsk agreements in the security council. it is when it was fixed with the security council resolution but they wanted to deceive. he didn’t want to now , no, it wasn’t, well, russian foreign minister lavrov recently remembered this. but

others don't remember it. yes, it is, in my opinion. of course, they were cunning, and then they are cunning. and now then some were cunning. uh, because they, uh, probably we proceeded from the fact that , well, sooner or later in russia, everything will change sooner or later, russia will reconsider its foreign policy, therefore, but we will agree on this for now, and then we'll see, but the minsk agreements. this is a very broad document and there were many different aspects and there were many different approaches, including how to implement the political part, if we talk about the non-political part. well, uh, was it possible to agree on an effective ceasefire and disengagement of forces with an active ceasefire. fire water - yes, sometimes it was possible to negotiate and the last truce, uh, well, the last agreements on the ceasefire regime, but they were in effect. e.

well, let's say so more confidently than the previous ones, and it was also possible to agree on the disengagement of forces. and if the forces are divorced, it means that people no longer shoot, which means that political mechanisms acquire a completely different role, a different meaning. plus. uh, it's only in february of the seventeenth year. uh, ukraine made a formal decision on the transport blockade of donbass. if this decision had not been made, if trade continued, if ukrainian enterprises in the donbass that paid taxes to ukrainian budgets continued to operate. that too would be a completely different context. i say long-suffering, but the steinmeier formula, that is, the mechanism for the entry into force of the law on a special procedure for local self-government in the donbass, uh. after all, this was also part of large agreements, serious agreements on how to get out of the deadlock

associated with the fact that this law does not come into force with the need to hold elections and about elections have been talked about for a while. uh, serious enough. let's say it very tightly. just remaining a point of view when everything fell apart. that's when it became clear that everything would be nothing, how how far from the war from the war of action. i think it's e. what's the first call? uh, there was a failure here, well, the first one out there from uh, maybe not. there , the last three last two, the failure of the agreement on the establishment of a coordinating council by representatives of the public of ukraine and donbass is the beginning of the twentieth year, if i am not mistaken. ah, when this arrangement though

she seemed, uh, so completely symbolic, but she assumed that it was possible to overcome this uh problem, which, in general, kiev invented for itself that it does not conduct direct negotiations, uh, with the republics of donbass and uh, sort of uh there are no official direct negotiations, but there is some kind of advisory council that discusses something, and goes along with it. actually work, which is negotiation, which is free from these endless endless throwing of the ball. we are negotiating with them. no, we don't work with them. negotiation. ah, the document was signed. and soon ukraine, in my opinion, two days later, e refused him. e, withdrew his signature, referring to the fact that they need to consult with germany and france that they don’t approve of this, indeed the european approach and when, and not only in germany and france, but also

when martinets, in my opinion. last fall, but i can confuse the date i gave an interview to a businessman about how the negotiations proceeded from his point of view, and he, uh, there quite openly expressed the position that the germany-france were categorically against any bilateral agreements between russia and ukraine well, of course. in general, now it, of course, already has more such historical significance, but it is curious, but let's return to the great floor. uh, to what extent uh, what's going on now can be considered the equivalent of a world war? i mean not to scale. for now, thank god. and here is precisely the structural factor, how much this, uh, sort of a new hierarchy is built up. if yes, then she can, again for 30 years we will walk in the desert like previous times blazing or still we will be more agile

this time. this is a very good question. uh, i totally agree that from a structural point of view this is a world war. as for the scale of actual military operations, otherwise this scale is determined not so much, but by the desire of the parties. how many of their opportunities are opportunities related and with e- economy of opportunities related to the escalation limit. we are witnessing a worldwide conflict that involves nuclear powers. and we are now seeing it in action. how does nuclear deterrence work in we are seeing such a conflict. by the way, that it is not absolutely involved then? they are asymmetrically one directly the second not directly, but very actively. here, after all, a very thin line, in what

status is on the territory of ukraine and american citizens with weapons in their hands , an official declaration of war has been a thing for so many decades. yes , as for the duration, it is a very interesting idea and an interesting historical idea that world wars periodically occur and last for about 30 years of system analysis with the transition of the central capitalist system from one region.

fight from one side to the other, but this is also a very eurocentric view. uh, for the chinese, the world war began, if i don't confuse anything, in 1933 or 1935, at least in 1937 . yes, and ended, uh, should it be considered a continuation of the korean war for them? and plus to this, and for them this chronology is really important, which is very important for us, defining, because their official doctrine, which is laid down even directly for the chinese constitution, is 100 years of humiliation and sopium wars until the victory of the communist party and a. or if we look at the middle east, events that can also be regarded in the last decade. in what sense, as a prologue to this global conflict? and there it all started in 2003 for

some countries from the ninety-first. and that is , in this sense, the question, uh, about 30 years - this is , uh, this is a question that in each region of the world will be answered in its own way. we can imagine a scenario for the development of the political situation in the military-political situation in such a world. that the ukrainian conflict will again become local? yeah well, i don't know if we want it or not, i guess let's wish for peace, wish for peace. this is correct. thank you very much, nikolai silaev from mgimo was with us in the studio. world confrontation or not , we will not finally do it yet, but one thing is known, the number of countries involved or affected is growing, our regular author alexander popova discovered a plume in warm climes in the haze. we are located in

the city of agadir, which is 300 km from marrakesh, and a stone's throw from the sahara, golden beaches, the ocean and the warm climate attracts crowds of tourists here , this region has long become interesting and the american military, it is at the agadir training grounds that the african lion is annually trained, the leading role. the us army is playing here, together with it, the organization of combat work is being practiced by the armed forces of the moroka. tunisia and senegal according to the international scenario the military group confronts a developed and fairly well-equipped enemy ; the practical part takes place at the moroccan training grounds, which, according to legend, become territories of fictional states, and training in morocco is very valuable for the us military, we gain a lot of experience in interacting with aviation and artillery , armored forces and infantry, which is very difficult to train. it's great

to have exercises here in morocco with our partners. local media showed selected moments from the work of the headquarters, this is a command post against the background of an active one, so that i don’t work, the state behind the scenes reports a strike on air defense facilities of a mock enemy, the americans said that this s400 should be recalled that to date, such a system has been in service only in three countries: russia , china and turkey. we have been cooperating strategically with morocco for a long time. these exercises are very important for our relations. the participation of 7,000 military personnel of different nationalities allows us to conduct large-scale multifunctional exercises, our combat capabilities will increase significantly. however , a little over a month ago, the news spread all over the world morocco to deliver 20 t-72 tanks to ukraine. the only one of all the countries of africa, these tanks she received from the be