[000:00:00;00] the lunar soviet socialist republic as part of the rsfsr, the republic was formed on part of the territory of the former tauride province of novorossia in the forty-fifth peninsula lost the status of a republic and became the crimean region, and in 1954 transferred from the rsfsr to ukraine at the first general crimean referendum in the ninety -first inhabitants of the peninsula. you asked for the reconstruction of the crimean autonomous soviet socialist republic as a subject of the ussr union and a member of the union treaty, it was the first attempt to decide the fate of crimea by will its inhabitants. on orders from above, they had almost 800,000 voting rights.

crimeans, the turnout was 81% for the restoration of autonomy within the ussr, 92% spoke out, and in sevastopol , 97% voted for the special status of the city as the base of the black sea fleet. in june 1991, the status of autonomy was introduced into the constitution of the ussr in crimea , they developed their own basic law and prepared for changes to the union constitution after the signing of a new treaty in march, a general union referendum was held, in which 87% of crimeans voted for the preservation of the ussr; they believed that their autonomy would be able to become a subject of a renewed union. but in august , after an attempted coup by the state emergency committee, the verkhovna rada

declared the independence of the constitution of the ussr and the ukrainian ssr ceased to operate . there was a legal confusion in december 1991, a general ukrainian referendum on independence was held in crimea , only 62% of the inhabitants came to it. yes, they said 54. as a result , ukrainian independence was supported in crimea only a third of those who had the right to vote 2/3 did not come or declared their firm no, voting for the autonomy of the peninsula as part of the ussr, the crimeans. it seems that they did not see much point in choosing in favor of ukrainian independence. but for politicians in kiev, this did not really matter; they did not want to. to let the peninsula go anywhere, and nevertheless , in the spring of 1992

, almost 300,000 signatures were collected in crimea for holding a new all-crimean referendum in may. the supreme council of crimea adopted an act declaring state independence and resolutions on holding after 3 months of a referendum on independence, the wording of questions recalled the illegal transfer of crimea to ukraine in the fifty-fourth and the decisions of the first general crimean referendum in january 1991, i propose to speak out about the independence of crimea in alliance with other states, it was clearly hinted at russia in kiev, they seriously alarmed the supreme council they began to put pressure on crimea as a result, in the ninety -second act of state independence, the republic was canceled

, a moratorium was imposed on the independence referendum and yet, after more than 20 years in march 2014, crimeans came to the all-crimean referendum on how it was and what it mattered to the whole of novorossia in the story of anna efimova on march 1, 2014, president vladimir putin with one stroke of a pirate crosses out all doubts about whether whose after all, crimea and the admission to the russian federation of the republic of crimea and the formation of new subjects in the russian federation, which is especially symbolic, the ceremony takes place in the catherine’s hall of the kremlin, it was under empress catherine ii that crimea was we will finally win back the turks in the new year 2014 crimea was returned peacefully to the results of the referendum. russia russia's calls from

kiev and the crimean tatar mejlis to boycott the poll at the polling station came to more than 40% of the crimean tatars' choice. for they explained just here here and there. no, it is necessary in a booth, and i do not hide, who conquered russia so let him take it back. no need to give, fuck, the story of the crimean referendum of the prime ministers of genuine popular unanimity of almost 97% for reunification with russia is impossible to draw such figures, crimeans are starting to analyze their opinion. they tried to express it back in the distant 90s and they didn’t give all the years as part of independent ukraine . the crimean republic was content with a very conditional status of autonomy back in the mid -nineties, under pressure from the verkhovna rada , crimean deputies adopted several dozen amendments. the post of the president of the republic was eliminated in accordance with its constitution and the rights of self-government were significantly limited. the goal

of the ukrainian nationalists was to turn the autonomous status of the republic of crimea into a regional one. the verkhovna rada, but when the government goes to a bloody coup d'état, the nationalists nevertheless seized it. crimea made its conscious decision to leave ukraine, and the referendum originally scheduled as soon as possible was finally held in may a month and a half earlier due to fears of ukrainian provocations. as in kiev yes, for they spun this maidan in full and it was lost, the controllability of the crimea and so on. there would have been a victim, like no one, how beautifully they parted, as already shown. story. we understand what could happen to crimea if the issue of a referendum, for example, was delayed or delayed. even years later , exotic proposals for

a second referendum continue to be heard periodically in ukraine and europe. what change in public opinion is hoped for in kiev, brussels and washington it is not entirely clear. after all, the answer is obvious enough to ask any passer-by. yes, i don’t want to have anything to do with the state of ukraine and if you remember, uh, what was the first bill issued, uh, the verkhovna rada of ukraine is a repeal of the bill kolesnikov nodded to the status of the russian language, well, uh, they carried the murder of crimeans under the shevchenko’s course, and the people who, either from the anti-maidan, also impressed me and radically influenced my decision that the results of the referendum are final and not subject to revision, repeatedly confirmed on international platforms and russian president vladimir putin, we believe that we held a referendum in strict accordance with international law, the joint of the united nations for us for the russian federation is the question is closed, nevertheless, all these years, on opposite sides of the ocean, they continue

to ignore the obvious facts and talk about alleged annexation. peninsulas. in the case of crimea, the republic had the right to hold a local referendum, which was fixed both in its own constitution and in the constitution of ukraine, just such a local referendum was eventually appointed in 2014, moreover, by law. suspend the decision of parliament. only the president of ukraine could take part in crimea impeccably, but that's exactly what i didn't like. uh, to the ukrainian leadership at that time, which considered that u here uh, that it was such a separatist decision to the earth by the decision of these uh, so to speak , the ukrainian leaders considered that such a referendum should have been held at the level of ukraine well, kiev was not asked, and therefore on

numerous accusations of violations rained down on the head of the organizers of the referendum, allegedly in the areas of the ballot box the thread was opaque. although here they see every ballot. in addition , the voter lists were not updated as of the date voting, they say, cannot be considered, indeed, another loud claim is the absence of observers from the osce, if they did not implement their uh participants , representatives of the official ones on this referee. we would be forced to admit that the referendum was held in an absolutely legal manner, the referendum was again in line with the norms of international law, and the absence of appropriate observers made it possible for many years to this day to assess the legitimacy of the principle of inviolability of borders against the right of the nation to self-determination, these contradictory norms of the ingushtabion have become time bombs for international law, they are interpreted depending on the situation and , by a strange coincidence of the circumstances of an ordinary year, the action of washington by the word kosovo,

the precedent of the collective west and does unanimously call it a special case. well, the bombing of yugoslavia or the invasion of the enemy about it in the west is generally not remembered . they didn't ask someone else anna efimova valery savelyev anastasia popova is a typical new russia. about the significance of the crimean referendum in 2014 for novorossiya, we will talk with our permanent expert, historians and political scientist alexander vasiliev. sasha good afternoon. hello sasha in ukraine, the myth is still popular that in 2014 the referendum in crimea was held at gunpoint, no one came to it, all the results were drawn. you yourself were in the crimea at that time. that's really how

it was. i uh arrived in directly on the territory of the peninsula literally the next day, and after the referendum he entered the building, which means from the council of ministers of the republic of crimea in front of, which was, ah, a huge square filled with people, uh, who weren’t saved then, they weren’t taken, yes, that’s who were under russian tricolors, and they celebrated, but because it was already uh, the preliminary results of the referendum were, and obviously there was a huge number of foreign correspondents. this must be understood that all the world's media were presented, moreover, as western leading the media of both the arab world and the chinese. uh, that is, in fact, the whole world watched it live before the referendum of the fourteenth year in crimea, there were three more. all of them took place in the ninety-first year. uh, in january there was a general crimean in the spring. eh, the all-union, there was the march one in support of the preservation of the soviet union, and in december of the ninety-first year there was already an all-ukrainian one for independence. of

these three referendums for crimea, which was the most important? well, knowing, of course, already, so to speak, looking from today's day and even from the fourteenth year, we understand that the very first on and this in general, crimea, we recall that then in the crimea they voted for e. return of motorhome status and autonomy. vienna socialist republic, but the fact remains that the status of an autonomous republic meant that this republic would become the subject of a new union treaty. at least, that’s how they wanted it , and everyone understood perfectly well that the rise of crimea from just the crimean region to an autonomous republic was necessary only in order to preserve the unity of their russia, there was an idea, that nothing really changes. well, we'll just be here. uh, how would it be now to live in new realities, so to speak, but the essence will remain the same, yes, and uh, it turned out that people were simply deceived then by those who eventually took part in that vote, that's all the

subsequent everything, that's next the history of the crimea, it very clearly shows that, of course, the fourteenth year it was by no means, it was not accidentally imposed. there, by some external force, and so on and so forth , let's go back to the referendum of the fourteenth year. e crimean, or rather its meaning. that's what he became e for novorossiya. for the south- east of ukraine and for such a phenomenon, which was called the russian spring, then the new government, who came to after the coup , the people who came to power in kiev, and they faced a choice. they simply could not concentrate even their forceful efforts in order to strangle, and in the crimea, uh, the russian movement, not only because it met with support, including armed there, yes, there is either the black sea fleet, and people in their the queue is looking, from the side they look at the crimea of course, they counted on the implementation

of this crimean scenario. and at home , i can say that on the day of the crimean referendum, and in odessa there was a gigantic rally just by the standards of the city, and uh, a huge procession with russian flags, where uh. people simply came out in support of the crimean referral one , that is, they are ukrainian there. you dare not say western , no one showed this anywhere, yes, but this is what it was, and then in the fourteenth year, and in turn in the donbass well, it’s just about this and it’s right there memoirs people mention. what a is exactly the same as here, yes, exactly the same as here in sevastopol was elected, and the people's mayor. yes , the roan was chosen in the same way in the donbass by pavel klubarev. yes, as a people's governor at a rally, it was a direct direct example. yes, how should you act? of course, we all know perfectly well that it was not possible to realize these events in such a way. yes, in the donbass it was possible to hold then in may, and referendums in other places. and

it didn't come to that. and most importantly, what if, then, this will of citizens to self-determination, if it were then just, well, given and fully implemented , yes, otherwise, of course, we would have managed to avoid everything that was. all these subsequent years and what continues on an even larger scale now until great bloodshed of destruction and so on and so forth, therefore, these referendums, about which we are talking and their influence and consequences, and this should never be forgotten, that this is the only way the only alternative to war, uh, some kind of military action by force actions, and special operations. the only alternative is voting. this is the expression of the will of citizens, if uh, the ukrainian side. she didn’t even give the people of e a chance

to organize themselves even within the framework, so to speak, of some kind of ukrainian legislation to express their will, then it’s just a power scenario. it becomes non-intrinsic. thank you very much for a very interesting and detailed story. in our program, we talk a lot about culture, because we believe that it is culture that allows people to survive the most difficult times theaters in donetsk today closed an inevitable security measure in the face of constant shelling, but their corpses are rehearsing artists work performances are shown in other parts of the republic where there is no threat to people's lives in the donetsk puppet theater during a recent tour traveled through six cities of the dpr for small spectators the classic puss in boots for adults premiere performance based on a play. grigory

gorin farewell to the puppet entertainer and people tell the poignant story of an artist who, in the early days of the great patriotic war , goes to the front with a concert brigade. in lugansk, theater-goers spent the end of last year and the beginning of this year in search of an extra ticket as part of the interregional big tour program. groups of seven leading theaters of russia have been here. the performance of the state central theater named after sergey obraztsov, the circus on threads, has opened the season at the lugansk puppet theater since 2014 lugansk puppeteers. the season begins on the square in front of the theater, a symbolic tradition was played on the street because at the beginning of the war there was neither light nor water in the theater building. today , the luhansk puppet collective has large plans, despite the fact that the war is still

making adjustments to them. all roles in the theater are played by women, because the actors are men at the front. more about the only children's theater in luhansk in olga mokhova's story the building of the puppet theater in luhansk one of the most beloved by the townspeople, it seems to return to childhood, reminding that the fairy tale is very close to its appearance in 1995 as a traveling theater team with a long history, finally appeared its own house and in 2014 he did not leave it, when, uh, those guys, those artists of the body of service, that we had left, uh, began to think about the fact that the children were left without attention. children began to understand more about uh types of weapons, and we decided to return them to

childhood and return the fairy tale. that year, an invitation to the opening of the season was written from and carried right to their homes, and the children with their parents, to the surprise of the joy of the artists, filled the square in front of the theater building its director admits that the whole performance was praying that there would be no arrival of shells, just at that time we felt our need for the viewer, so we began to work right on the square as a theater. when the city of luhansk was still being shelled, when the streets were actually driving. hmm, military vehicles, tanks were driving at that time, it was like the second birth of the lugansk puppet theater to the team before the war, which occupied a worthy place in the theater. in the world, we had to prove our worth anew and simply survive, because many stage masters who left luhansk during the events of the summer of 2014 did not return, and for some time we worked without a salary. uh on enthusiasm. eh, just to be honest.

and who besides uh, except? uh, us hmm will do it all. that's why the team. actually the actors changed very much very much. uh , i don’t even know how many percent, probably, percent at 80 at 80 at 90. well , there is a blessing in disguise, they came to the rescue. both students and graduates of the lugansk academy of arts culture, and the shortage of materials for creating dolls and scenery still helps to compensate for the skill and imagination of the masters. this is a painstaking and expensive process. well, the main component in this process, it's still a notion, and notions, as they say, nothing interferes. it all depends on us from the artists. well, the directors of the actors until february 2022, the theater's repertoire included about 40 performances. after that, only four remained, since almost all the male artists were called to the war, almost all the work in the theater was undertaken by women , and not only acting, because

it was necessary to install the scenery and set up the sound and adjust the light, it was very difficult both morally and in terms of work, of course, all this immediately fell on our shoulders. hmm, and already in this mode we have been working for a year. thank god we have guys slowly well, here is our most important guy. he came back rather hard on new year's eve. after all, no matter how you twist santa claus, he is still santa , but they coped with this, and no troubles are terrible with such people, he does not get tired of thanking his colleagues, theater director sergei ternovoy, but they do not grumble, but simply work and admit that it is love for their native city and the theater supports them all these difficult years. the first performance without men. it was i don't want to. there, skye has the role of a bear cub and a wolf. that's somehow complicated. you know try. that's when a man portrays a woman, it's funny. yes, when a woman is a man, it’s somehow not very good, so it was a bit silly to rebuild

the brain. uh voice. eh, consciousness and all. hmm it’s hard well, nothing, we managed when the artist and director of the state puppet theater named after sergey obraztsov vladimir berkul first came to lugansk he was asked to stage a little romeo and juliet for the actress, exactly how many there were then the script is ready, but due to staff turnover , shakespeare has been delayed for now. on the other hand , vladimir odoevsky's play the tsar maiden, written by him in 1839, was taken into work. i got away for many years in the theater. e, and now we have decided to present this play to the lugansk theater with decorations , costumes and puppets. in general, all that is left now is to work with lugansk actors in order to make this play here at all. cook the community is open and receptive to someone else's misfortune, and therefore lugansk puppeteers were caught up in the cycle of the festival and tours and creative workshops

in other cities of russia and their colleagues rush to the lugansk children, the recent production of thumbelina, which arrived from kazan, melted children's hearts and laid the foundation for cooperation between the two theaters. we were very well received here by a full house. the children were screaming. thank you for not often children applauding, but for shouting out loud. e thanks. eh, the artists touched us and cried on their bows. children should have a bright childhood , impressive events, beautiful dolls, amazing acting, very dynamic scenery, so unusual. thanks a lot for this wonderful holiday for our children, and the holiday is when good triumphs over evil, when friendship and love reign, and therefore there will be new tours and new performances. after all , everyone needs a fairy tale, especially today olga mokhova anastasia popova or savelyev is a typical novorossia. that's all we wanted

to talk about. kirill vyshinsky was with you today. see you soon. the biggest foreign policy news today is that president xi will make his first official visit to moscow next week after he was re-elected for a third term. he in general, they will stand on the new old one. he gets his first due to a limited trip. it was known about her a lot until now . it must be said that everything was overgrown with various details, which is no wonder this significant event, many even call it historical in the era of global economic and not only economic confrontation, but about this visit, in addition to what was said in a short message that synchronously came from the kremlin from honey of china, uh, well, more, perhaps, nothing is known. although he may have something here of course, they missed it, so let's turn to our own correspondent in china , alexander balitsky. he joins us live. from beijing sash greetings well , we are vying with each other, now commenting on

the upcoming visit. and what about in china well, for a long time, of course, they talked about this visit, and even called its approximate dates, but only today both moscow and beijing finally confirmed that the dolphin would fly to moscow on the coming mondays, and it’s clear that they were waiting here, of course, moments when it will pass here in china e, the entire chinese national assembly, which will re-elect the representative of the prc for his new term, otherwise it would, of course, be very strange to announce the visit before, but even now, of course, there are no obstacles to this, but it is also symbolic , that the very first international destination for and now three times the chairman of the prc will be precisely moscow with which here, as always, this is emphasized by relations based on the principles of respect, not joining blocs and not confrontation. to whomever. city president xi jinping's trip will be a friendship visit that will further enhance trust and understanding between china and russia, it will be the political foundation for friendship between our two peoples

for a generation to come, as china russia develop our strategic cooperation will benefit both peoples and the world. this is completely different from the actions of some countries that adhere to the mentality of the cold war, form blocs, foment confrontation, and also promote their own hegemony by intimidating others. well, many today practice arithmetic. what kind of a meeting of putin and iisi will it be in a row that it’s already the fortieth anniversary. although, of course, it is not the numbers that matter and they will talk, but the middle putin and the growth of trade. i have already mentioned the chinese ambassador in moscow today and building closer relations in the energy sector is about strengthening international energy security and the stability of production chains. well, it’s clear that the ukrainian topic will not do without, given that, well, firstly, china not so long ago presented his peaceful initiatives to resolve the conflict, there are 12 of them, and there it’s about non-blockade and about a ceasefire. and most importantly, about negotiations, and in the west , these chinese initiatives were coolly met in china, but

it’s also understandable. they blamed it right there. the west that it is he who delays the beginning of the negotiation process for kiev. yes, and continues to shove weapons there. so uh, what else is important, the stats are literally begging the dolphins to talk with zelensky too, but as we see, the head of the kryna ignores zelensky. although chinese diplomats said when they asked about what is ready. visiting zelensky to talk, it must be said that beijing always maintains relations with everyone. so, just the day before, the heads of the chinese foreign ministry of ukraine had a telephone conversation. uh, the results of this conversation, and in china they presented it as , firstly, that they indicated the kulebe indicated the qingan, and laid out everything in detail and pointed out that the negotiations remain the main point of the chinese program in general. and now the international community must create conditions for this, but let me remind you that china adheres to an absolutely impartial positions. this, of course, is something that is highly valued in russia. well, the chinese, in turn, also value relations with russia, ah. it is enough to look here on the street of failures, despite the fact that the chinese themselves are very apolitical, and they try

not to talk about foreign politics, but you just need to mention that, but you are from russia or even talking about russia, the chinese. it immediately becomes so benevolent, but also on many issues that are held in china from time to time, and putin remains the most popular in the very respected foreign leader. yes, thank you very much. it was our own correspondent in china alexander

balitsky. thank you. the president of china will arrive in russia next week reported synchronously in moscow and beijing what is known about the visa? spring in russia somewhere floods 16 regions in a zone of special risk, and somewhere a completely different element has already raged. this is the astrakhan region. there are already eight thousand hectares on fire in the forest , a demonstration that disagrees on the place de la concorde about how regular protests took place in paris and other french cities.