[000:00:00;00] most of the ships of the black sea fleet had to be sunk in sevastopol, but by the end of the century the fleet was being revived, as steam and armored armor plates were rolled at the factories of mariupol and yuzanki, which became donetsk armadillos, and then cruisers and battleships were built on top of nikolaev and sevastopol their fireboxes during campaigns loaded with coal mined in the mines of donbass in the nineties of the xx century after the collapse of the soviet union, the fleet is going through difficult times again negotiations between kiev and moscow were resolved on the division of the fleet and the status of sevastopol as the main base of the black sea fleet of russia finally. we agreed in june 1995. the process itself was completed only in the ninety-seventh, the russian federation received more

than 8 percent of the ships and the right to leave the main base of the black sea fleet in ukraine in sevastopol, this became an occasion for constant speculation by nationalists and a subject of bargaining. in the course of interstate negotiations, the situation changed only in 2014 after the reunification of crimea with russia at the end of december 2022, the minister of defense of the russian federation sergei shoigu said that the ministry of defense plans to deploy in the fully functioning ports of novorossia, berdyansk and mariupol , bases for ships providing emergency services and ship repair units of the russian

navy . in anna efimova's story , sevastopol is a long deep-water bay along the coastline, there are about 3 dozen of them , it is here that the black sea fleet historically settled from the time of tsarist russia to of our days , hundreds of warships are based on the unsinkable aircraft carriers, so the crimea is based , on some the captain of the first rank of the reserve sergey gorbachev once went to sea. today they say the black sea fleet. he cannot but look back and remember his past, when in 1783 admiralkhachev brought here from the staff here, except for the seven tatar huts on the shore near the village, there was nothing of the black sea fleet, created under catherine ii and its main base of sevastopol, many heroic pages in the history of our country from the victories of admiral ushakov to the defense of sevastopol during the great patriotic war, this hero city. steadfastly survived everything and even the sickly girl

of the ships after the collapse of the ussr this is already later after the protest rallies and the open disobedience of the sailors. the first russian president, boris yeltsin, will begin to defend the black sea fleet, and at first , after belovezhskaya pushcha, after the closed one, they quietly agreed on the fate of soviet ships on a territorial basis, they should have simply been transferred to ukraine, i encountered directly with two presidents who made a political decision. well, what to do with the political decision to go to yeltsin, to go, in short, it’s all useless , then admiral kosotonov at that time, the commander of the black sea fleet, decided that by all means it was necessary to gain time, he openly stated that there was no legal basis for resubordinating the fleets to ukraine which unpleasantly surprised both kiev and moscow, contrary to the so-called political decision, the fleet continued to live its life under the soviet flags, and then long words began complex negotiations

the delegation of the ukrainian side believes that first of all. the elephant must be uh them. we are moving away from other positions, while on the sidelines at the level of heads of government and numerous expert groups we tried to come to a common denominator with sevastopol itself. we had to make another defense. the so-called latrine oaths, frank attempts to bribe personnel, numerous provocations. what is worth only one attempt to seize the management of the garrison service in sevastopol, the solution of the conflict with the filing of admiral kosotonov. then i had to to participate in the marines of the black sea fleet. well, i ultivated that if you wildly go over combat readiness and storm the commandant's office, the personnel persuaded him. uh, swearing- in outside ships is everything. it was the sbu who organized

the former kgb - it was they who a week ago were supposed to beat the soviet government. and so they gave up. it's all gone today. and now they were already working for ukraine, and of course, where, without the endless tours of kiev agitators, among the speakers there were real stars of the ukrainian political sky, for example, one of the founders of the people's hand of ukraine, comrades. here drafting came, i want to look here. yes please, what is it? well, the brothers went to ukraine. but no one goes, when by 1997 the new president , the independent leonid a bunch, was already, in fact, preparing to run for the second term of the agreement on the status and conditions of the black sea fleet. thanks to the territory of ukraine , it was finally signed, in which the parties finally calculated who owed whom how much the document owed implied that the russian fleet would be left alone for 20 years until 2017, in fact

, the ukrainian side continued to put sticks in the screws, very strict controlled the composition of the black sea fleet and did not allow absolutely any options for the black sea fleet to be replenished with new ships and warships and auxiliary courts. here are two exceptions, perhaps it was the two small missile ships of bor and themselves entered the black sea fleet based in the sevastopol bay only thanks personally agreements. between the presidents there are heaps to leave the presidency, how everything predictable has changed after the orange revolution in kiev, with renewed vigor, they announced the primordially ukrainian. they did minor nasty things in crimea, but after another change of power , they again changed the vector already accepted by nukovych. the notorious kharkiv agreements were signed, which were supposed to guarantee the extension of the black sea fleet's stay in crimea right up to 2042, but given the eternal political turbulence in ukraine, this agreement could hardly have been

to consider it reliable, the issue resolved itself in 2014, if the black sea fleet of russia had not remained here. in 1991 , 92, there would have been no non-russian spring. without him , even polite people would not be able to come here. where would they land, if not on the territory of the military units of the black sea fleet, not on our airfields. but at one time they talked a lot about why not move the base of the chernomor fleet to novorossiysk. but then a reasonable question became, and who exactly in this case would be based in sevastopol for basing of the naval forces of ukraine yes , such a territory, such a voluminous infrastructure. this, of course, is too much, because there is no fleet in ukraine, of course, crimea is not for ukraine, not for the ukrainian fleet, but crimea for the united states of america and for the american fleet, then in the early nineties in the process of destroying the country and the subsequent business of not only the fleet , but the factories of the territory of resources seemed few,

who understood what, including politics. but the military clearly understood their tasks. our task is mainly to fulfill our functions, as military personnel protection that those peoples that have these words ukraine that russia are slavs. they don't have to share anything. well, history judged otherwise, the division of the soviet black sea fleet was only the beginning of the end of the independent ukraine, which, unable to withstand the test of strength, began to burst at the seams along with its deteriorating naval forces. the flagship of which the hetman sahaidachny was so ingloriously flooded by the ukrainian authorities themselves shortly after the start anna efimova valery savelyev anastasia popova is a typical new russia. about, that links the black sea fleet and novorossiya for more than 200 years. we will talk with our permanent expert historian and political scientist rostislav. ishchenko rostislav good afternoon.

good afternoon, rostislav, it is clear that novorossiya has been and remains such a certain degree of economic base for the black sea fleet. but what the fleet began and continues to mean for novorossia. well, i think that now means much more than ever. because, well, of course, the fleet has always given work, which means a large number of people. yes in fact, in a protective degree, novorossia existed with the fleet. yes, many, probably all cities, this arose, as you know, like arsenals, there and so on , which served the fleet, but hmm, here's how recent events have shown the fleet to a large extent helped to survive in russia and vice versa russia and where it was more fleet. there's more left. the twist. this was the largest fleet in the crimea. well, in the crimea, it remained russian throughout the entire period of ukrainian domination. no, but where the fleet was practically, it was rather empty, as, for example, in

odessa there ukrainization. despite all the features of this city. achieved quite a lot of success. yes therefore, the fleet turned out to be such an ideological, ideological and political pissed off base of novorossiya. no, the fleet. no, in russia and so on. in general, it all falls into decay very quickly. the sea is again the inland sea of ​​russia, and what does this mean for both the black sea fleet and novorossia , most of the ports that are used. uh, donetsk lugansk dpr lpr is a bag in the first place of the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov, the same molybre. well, how the sailors of the black sea fleet told me, after all, the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov - this is the flank of the black sea black sea fleet absolutely right. now only having it is blocked, crimea has already covered this flank, because you cannot have it in the dense black sea and at the same time not have crimea, since crimea was ukrainian. yes, this is a real threat of flags. now, he doesn't even flank the whole photo. it was a threat. here,

well, the transition to the crimea at first is really more than the transition of the rest of the coast. ah, the sea of ​​azov. e is more here from my point of view. uh, how should i say that? uh america yes we finally. by the way, the sea of ​​azov was returned to its native harbor. yes, at the beginning of the crimea , then the sea of ​​\u200b\u200bazov. uh, because it is clear that all coastal cities are the same to us, e, berdyansk differed little from mariupol or donetsk, and when the border passed there between this e in mariupol and avdiivka, yes, there or e, between mariupol and the border and russia between the fields rising, yes, it was definitely abnormal abnormal. just from the point of view of even the people who lived there. so, it's the same as drawing a border around an apartment in which one family lives in terms of, as it were,

the restoration of historical justice. all this means much more than e. the return of the sea of ​​​​azov for the black sea fleet for the black sea fleet was critical crimea and the return of the crimea solved the main problem of the fleet further, even if we return not only these odessa with nikolaer, even if he returns romania to bulgaria it will not matter as much as the return of the crimea is comparable to the importance of the crimean straits, which russia has never been able to return. may be someday it will work. and i very often heard such an opinion that the black sea fleet is old, it is not very large , it is located in the black sea, the straits from which the exit from which to the large seas and oceans are controlled by the nato country turkey that it is, in general , e flood is no longer of such fundamental importance

for russia, it really is. so, as far as i remember, even the soviet black sea fleet had about 400 drinks, it was one of the largest in the world. in addition, the fleet is always was the base of the black sea for the mediterranean personnel, which also at the best of its time had high rates at the moment, it is actively dermisted. as far as i remember only from the moment. e occurrences of the crimea in russia received only one submarine. they don't talk about frigates and so on. this is why the ships can no longer be called old, and the fleet armed with modern missiles has received a huge strike force at the moment. well, even if it would be relatively obsolete in a series of simple examples. uh, right after the war. uh, were cruisers were built. uh, series 68 biz. it was at the end of the fifties that they were built

and, uh, there were 20 of them built for different people in the last sailed, in my opinion, it was the flagship in the black sea fleet and was decommissioned in 78. only well, here already everywhere there were the most ships armed with guided missile weapons. and it was still usually artillery paste. this means that the ships were not decommissioned for a long time, because they were not considered as ships, which, thanks to their powerful and long-range artillery. they had good 152 mm guns 12 pieces per ship, which e-e could shoot at a distance of up to 30 km, which means they are not able to provide artillery support for the landing forces. whoever would not be our main adversary, the united states of japan, european countries. this is everywhere a long coast and everywhere it is first of all sanctions, because i have to go to the black sea, they were appointed to capture the bosphorus and the dard. this is a landing operation in order for the baltic fleet to enter the operational space

, it is necessary to capture the danish straits. yes, this is a landing operation, so here pacific fleet. it is always japan there and alaska as landing operations from the northern fleet to coastal america and so on. so that the black sea fleet was and will be , uh, a very important very important component and defense of the political property of russia. thank you very much for a very detailed and interesting story. the history of the development of novorossia was once a wild bullet of a kind of prairie of the russian empire. it is difficult to imagine not only without military leaders, politicians and administrators, but also without adventurers, warriors of bright figures of their time. among them were

many foreigners, in whom the scale of the task was attracted to the service of russia, new opportunities, the scope and grandeur of plans, the spanish nobleman don jose ribas and bayons entered the naval service as a volunteer at the suggestion of count alexei orlov, fought in the battle of chesme, then participated in the search for the famous adventuress book cockroach, posing as for the heiress of empress elizabeth, the spaniard became a captain in the russian service, joseph, mikhailovich deribas, and rose to the rank of admiral, but his main merit. the foundation and construction of the port and the city of odessa, the name of deribas remained not only in the history of novorossia, but also got into the pages of lord george byron's poem don juan, where he describes the assault on the russian army of ishmael , the prototype of another romantic hero of byron, the pirate conrad from the poem corsair, became another foreigner in russian the service of the greek,

lambras kayonis volunteers. he entered the russian mediterranean. squadron. he received a new name lambra, kocheni and fought with the turks, starting in 1769. moved to russia served as a sergeant, then as an officer in a greek infantry regiment received a noble rank, but the most striking page of the biography of kocheoni was in the creation of the mediterranean sea on behalf of potemkin of the pirate flotilla, which terrified the natures of empress catherine the great in the plot of olga mokhovaya it hurts at the corsair to the music of adolf adam based on the poem of the same name lord byron for almost 170 years, the heroism

of romance, adventurous spirit of freedom and true love. this is the guarantee of his enduring success, and such was the life of the rebellious greek on russian service. the naval corps in the mediterranean sea under the general command of count orlova admiral spiridov, the eighteen-year-old lamposcotione, came from the island of paros together with his older brother. it was time. the first in the reign of catherine the great russo-turkish war were the greeks milita, to which he belonged experienced sailors and fearless wars. uh, was amazed that this one? uh, a young man, retreating, carries the body of his murdered brother. this moment shocked the count so much that he called him to him after the soldiers had boarded the ship and awarded him a precious dagger

of national honor as early as the middle of the 15th century, the territory of the future greece was just a province of the ottoman empire, having accepted. at one time, from the greeks of christianity , a special attitude towards this people was considered by the russian empire and considering itself as a patron, and of the orthodox peoples. uh, paid a lot of attention to greece. in the eighties, such a foreign policy plan as the greek project appeared, which provided, respectively, for the renaissance in the greek states in 1775. greek sailors arrived in the eastern crimea as a token of gratitude for their service, catherine granted them the lands adjacent to the fortresses, kerch and her kolya the right to duty-free trade and exempted them from taxes . here the greek infantry battalion numbered at that time a little more than a thousand people in wartime, the greek infantry battalion was under arms. it is known that

the servicemen of this army took part in the fighting in the archipelago during the russian-turkish war, and in peacetime. they could do some peaceful activities, when the next russian-turkish war began in 1787, russia planned to send its baltic fleet to the mediterranean, but the struggle with the swedes prevented. i would have to fight on two fronts, lambra kachioni at that time, the commander of a small sailing and rowing ship, proposed to establish a corsair squadron during the levonian war, ivan iv well, it turns out that he was the first to use privateer ships, that is, hired pirates who acted and, uh, very cool. yes, they helped, uh, to block some transport routes. the backbone was paid and kochuon consisted of up to 10 small schooners and a half-coal, mostly captured and armed; the flagship was minerva severnaya, a 54-gun frigate bought by him and

named after empress catherine by the end of 1788. the total number of crews, which did not amount to 500 experienced well- organized. close-knit sailors and he so drove the turks that they were forced to. well, he actually blocked them in the dalnell strait. and this allowed, uh, to draw rather large u forces onto itself. uh, in order to successfully operate steps on the black sea flag, having a letter of marque from the russian government, but without being officially part of the russian navy, the captain, and then mallorca, was not known among his comrades-in-arms and among enemies, as a skilled naval commander and a daring warrior, if the regular navy never sank before the capture of the ships of neutral powers. it has been banned under a number of international agreements.

only the corsairs easily looked through their fingers at such documents, well, in 1791 the yaz peace came. russia finally secured for itself, the crimea and northern the black sea coast, and the claim to independence of the greeks was forced to abandon kochuon , in response, she did not destroy her flotilla, but already independently continued the fight against the turks until they defeated her. on the one side. he changed his oath and is wanted by the russian naval administration, on the other hand, he is a rebel in the eyes of the turks and the turks are wanted as a state criminal. he was able to return to russia only after 2 years, wandering forgiven and generously rewarded. concerned about the fate of their sailors, who in the ottoman empire was threatened with execution or slavery , so the sailors of this flotilla proposed to create a greek flotilla in the hajibey fortress of the future odessa. e, played a very

important role, and at the founding of odessa and e. c. the first years of the development of this city are the feats of arms of the famous corsair. his exploits soon changed, entrepreneurial in one of his estates, he built one of the first distilleries in the crimea. his grape vodka was bought even for admiral ushakov’s frame , while his native greece gained independence only in 1821 did the rebellious greg in the russian service. olga moho did not live up to this event. va anastasia popova valery savelyev typical novorossia is all we wanted to tell you about today kirill vyshinsky was with you

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registration. the main event to this minute in our news release, the russian army repelled all attacks by the apu, the zelensky formation lost another 550 soldiers and officers, 23 armored vehicles and tanks were destroyed, seven artillery pieces, including the american m-77 howitzer. well, as for artyomovsk, even the kiev general staff was forced to recognize the advance of russian units, and zelensky said that if he was defeated there, then he would rather just have to compromise with russia