[000:00:00;00] they entrusted the bakhmut cossack company, headed by the salt ataman, highly appreciating the role of the cossacks as a special military force in the new border territories , the governor-general of the novorossiysk territory, grigory potemkin at the end of the 18th century created here three new cossack associations. the backbone of the black sea cossack army was the former cossacks scattered across throughout the black sea and people from the right-bank ukraine, the yekaterinoslav corps was formed from russian co-creators from the old believers who lived in nizhny under the dnieper burghers, ekaterinoslav and kharkov provincial cossacks of the chuguevsky regiment potemkin himself became the hetman of these colonels

, the buk cossack regiment stood apart. it included little russian cossacks and peasants from or the soviet city province, as well as moldovans in allah bulgarians serbs and albanians who volunteered in the russian service called them arnauts to resettle the bug cossacks . the treasury bought the land in the south of new russia between the bug and inguts rivers. this is the territory of the current odessa and nikolaev regions. later they settled on the lands of the kherson region and transnistria, settling in new territories, the cossacks were engaged in traditional farming, the grain balkans shone, it was the hail-dwellers who were engaged in cattle breeding, the bushes were the first to introduce into circulation a new variety of wheat, arnautka, which was not afraid of droughts in the 19th century. it was exported through seaports, while the azov sea to europe, the italians considered it the best raw material for their pasta. the genes of these

freedom-loving and economic people are in the blood of many residents in the armament. of the main orthodox parishes of the local cossacks, it was built just a few years ago on the site of the destroyed historical shrine of the holy kazan church. among the fighters , of course, there are a lot of cossacks in 2014. they were among the first who stood up for donbass today, if we are talking about yes volunteers, then in our units. well, without complicated modesty to say it's turn it's turn. today we have from 300 to 500 cossacks at free points who are ready to come and increase the number. hey kazakov.

our main divisions and in the 6th guards cossack brigade and dona's brigade and terry's brigade to this i hmm sure that uh they come here for only one reason, that we are the same to say. it was from the house that the settlement of the cossacks began on the territory of the donbass on the border of the modern lpr and the dpr - this is the historical western land of the great don army of the first cossack army, officially accepted into the civil service of russia. but what about the don? cossacks, they have been sovereign people since the time of ivan the terrible. and although periodically rebelled, but mind you, they rebelled. it is always for the legitimate tsar or finding the end of the tsarevich, as it was for him in the time of troubles, the settlement of the territory of new russia by the cossacks was carried out simultaneously from two sides from the east by those who came from the don from the west from the side of the dnieper at the bottom of the century, which, starting from the seventeenth century, fleeing from polish

oppression entire regiments fled. in 1651 , after the defeat of khmelnitsky , several regiments left under the birch bark, and they completely settled on the border between russia and poland on the territory of modern donbass it was the kharkov regiment. akhtyrsky regiment izyumsky regiment ostrogozhsky regiment ostrogozhsky the regiment is generally the territory of the modern voronezh region. that is, there was a territory that was later called sloboda ukraine, yes, that is, e, these were the territories of the cossack regiments that came to the service of russia and which were her own. it is this territory that it brings together from the outside, the kharkov region, the city of raisins, the city of sumy, and even if there were all kinds of cossacks in these territories more than a dozen at different times. yet precisely, the great army of the don and zaporizhzhya sich became the two main centers. since their own forces for the implementation

of military campaigns, both of them did not always have enough between these cossacks. stone from the very beginning there was a certain mutual assistance of the zaporozhians. the siberian campaign took, for example, yermak, they took part in the legendary siege. azova if we talk about the relationship between uh zaporozhians and donets, uh, was this competition? it seems to me that this definition is more suitable here the relationship between them is like communicating vessels. it's hard for us to say how it would end. here is this cossack colonization, but it is quite possible that he generally saw potemkin as new russia, as such a predominantly cossack e, region. well, and, probably, it was strategic, right. because, hmm . in that direction , such a demographic resource was extremely important for russia, which could take part in military clashes. and who would have thought that after the collapse of the ussr

, the cossack settlements would be cut borders literally in the yards that people remained at home in russia and the garden in ukraine , the descendants of these very cossacks did not pay much attention for a long time because ukraine and russia were fraternal countries, but maidan 2014 turned everything upside down. yes, he went to the front. from the very beginning, it turns out that all this war began to take part in 2014, since the commander of the don special unit has been our commander of the earth from time immemorial. kazakov had just arrived from the trans-baikal territory with his front line, then he went to those same cossacks who never mastered siberia the task of his unit is, first of all, intelligence took an active part in heavy battles. according to the commanders in the donbass, the cossack has not been going beyond the red liman for a long time on the cossacks. today it is a war with foreign

mercenaries. cossacks there, in principle, and there are no longer those cossacks who were real cossacks, not mummers. they are all here. and how can there be a cossack without faith, and they do not have vera. bessovshchina flourishes there, so a kozak without faith is not a cossack, that these are not empty words confirm the news from kiev once the cradle of orthodoxy, some kind of pechersk lavra , in an emplaced position, the investigators are interrogating her at the local governor, metropolitan pavel, on suspicion of allegedly inciting religious hatred between them. and at the wall of the monastery, meanwhile, they mock the worshipers. the planned fragmentation of the orthodox church in ukraine began in the nineties with all the ensuing consequences. according to the same scheme, they tried to work out the history of the cossacks every time, raising the question, they say. and who are the cossacks of the estate or is it still a separate people, an old template tested by the nazis. theory

the origin of the cossacks, it acquires a political coloring meaning what if we recognize the cossacks as an ancient people separate, we immediately separate it from russia and therefore this question, as a rule, was raised by whom and when russia was waging a heavy bloody war from the cossacks tried to flirt said that that they are representatives of an ancient people, that they are separate from the russian people, and so on. it doesn’t remind you of anything, it reminds you of the current situation in ukraine, when administrative borders were drawn and turned into a line front. divide one people and let the main thing. cossacks from time immemorial was the military and border service. still, it is more logical to protect the border from a common enemy, and not from each other. anna efimova valery savelyev anastasia popova is a typical new russia. in the special role of the cossacks in the development of novorossiya, we will talk with our permanent expert, historian and political scientist alexander vasiliev. sasha good afternoon.

good afternoon, today the main fault of catherine the great before uh, the new independent ukrainian state uh is considered to be her decree on liquidation of the zaporozhian sich. e in the 18th century. and what was the real fate of the cossacks in novorossia during these years? zaporizhzhya sich as uh, in general, the cossacks as a phenomenon of the border, and such a border guard of the russian world, one can say so, because, for example, somewhere low himself used this term russian world. yes, in letters to the tsar in moscow that is to say that it was such a frontier of the russian world. but when this border moved and when, as potemkin said, yes, the border of russia is the black sea, then for just the pigtail just ended up inside the state, but initially the border outpost didn’t make any sense in this, including for the cossacks themselves and the cossacks - they felt it very well, because they were roughly divided into

two groups alone. these are those who wanted to own land, even serfs, they lured them from little russia by hook or by crook. and even some of their distant relatives and actual e, de facto turned into e, serfs or, for example, they were released from captivity e tatar in the crimea yes but the little russians, for example, well, they did not let them go home. but everyone saw it on some of their winter roads in these farms. well, the second part of the cossacks is, of course. those who did not see themselves in civilian life, and who needed constant hostilities, but not participating in regulators to walk, yes, of course, with space, and here it is, so if there is no herd of tatar horses at hand, then you can to steal the same herd from the russian cavalry, of course, the cossacks, who went to turkey there, but at every opportunity, when the government blew up such an opportunity, they returned to fight, uh, in the ranks of the russian army, and in the end , not immediately. yes, that is , the black sea was formed to show that it was later

relocated to the kuban, where it again became already on the borders, and not inside the territory and in fact. eh, here. well, there, to this day, yes, uh , the kuban cossacks, so to speak, exist, and it is precisely because of this. yes, but a huge number of cossacks, uh, remained, uh, zaporozhye. yes, but she remained in novorossia and continued to live there. e, depending on their social status, in fact, the sichni destroyed, but simply liquidated, as a kind of military formation, yes, military administrative, even including economic. just. they also perform their military functions, the cossacks, used a number of sasha's economic eggplants there during the years of the already civil war in the 20th century. e, on the territory of the bourgeois ukrainian people's republic , there was an attempt at the renaissance. why is there a clearing and black zaporizhzhya cossacks? eh, and so to speak, there are trousers in forelocks and so on. and what was happening in novorossiya at that moment? yes, it’s very funny that the same black zaporozhians about whom they

write so often did not actually fight on the territory of zaporozhye, the ekaterinoslav province , they acted all the time somewhere, or under a meter. there, whether in those parts in russia, there was a class state, such a class was thrown and, accordingly, they lived , including in new russia, a caricature of the cossacks. here it did not have any special, but distribution, but real freemen had a distribution. i tried to say so, well, already in a new format, but now to realize this freemen in some and well , in that case, i'll brush it off. this is generally there, as if the workers' rights, yes, but nevertheless, what is interesting is that makhno always acted only within the province of novorossia. once, he literally approached, here in the uman region yes , when he was so situational there, even, well , you can say the union is a petliura, although these rumors are a swing? you just have to shoot the noose here , a decent meeting, and petlyura was afraid of this, on the contrary, he tried not to meet him , so farther north there. yes from territory novorossiya. here in the territory is already the province

of the southwestern region. eh, makhno does not act in any way, because it was just such a phenomenon. uh, purely novorossiysk, and in the era of the civil war, so unexpectedly, and who manifested today, many perceive, uh, the cossacks , as such reenactors or mummers, but, nevertheless, 2014, it seemed precisely on the territory of novorossia that this is a fairly serious force , may be ambiguous. uh, what to say from two sides, and what the phenomenon of the cossacks consisted precisely in the 15th year, i had a friend who , and he considered himself with him, he was a real descendant of zaporozhets, or the corresponding surname was he himself lived in the city, zaporozhye means the former, aleksandrovsk, here, and he went to militia. at the same time, he had such a slats, he really fought. there in the fourteenth year in the ranks. and why didn’t he form a cossack so simply in one of the subdivisions, then even to the corps, as far as i remember, he moved. that is, he fought on

the side, fought, as it were, for the russian world, as real, like zaporozhye like, but uh, of course, uh hmm really absolutely right , well, those events left a mixed memory of themselves, because and what am i talking about the phenomenon, yes, that suddenly, already in the twenty- first century, what kind of such a wimp. yes, some people with weapons who prefer to obey only their chieftains, not recognizing any other authority over themselves, so to speak. and among them, of course, there were uh, and there are a lot of people who fought heroically there and gave life, but there were those who preferred e to act, which means mainly in the rear in their areas, yes and a ride in beautiful booties. uh, pose somewhere for the cameras. and, of course, she contributed everything. uh, indeed, such uh coloring, which refers us to those uh historical eras, is a real solid power. surprisingly, the phenomenon of novorossia is that when the government disappears

, these kazakh roots suddenly sprout, but when the government returns, it already begins to regulate. these processes are unexpected. we are talking about the phenomenon revival, and not only, uh, some external form, yes, paraphernalia, but also these , of course, this was a reaction. on here is this external pressure, that is, of course, has arisen again. the frontier of the russian world arose again. here we are again in the 21st century. yes, suddenly again there is such a concept and from the other side. not turks, not tatars. yes, but a, you can at least say that if in the 16th century, we know very well from gogol that the cossacks fought with sunyats, yes, with the advancing latinism, then there are some absolutely parallel in twenty-first categories. century yes, this is how to say it, well western obvious pressure. yes, it absolutely rhymes with the fact that it was there in the sixteenth century and actually the chisel is such a powerful impulse to say, thank you

sasha for the interesting story. one of the most legendary places in novorossia, saur grave is called kurgan, less than 100 km from donetsk, the unique and heroic origin of the name of this hill of the donetsk ridge is shrouded in many legends. according to one version, once there was a watchman here post, either zaporozhye or don cossacks , one of whom, named saur, died in battle and was buried. at this place, the earth was applied to his brother’s burial mound with hats, and a huge hill appeared, according to another , klim saur was a local avenger from the peasants robbed the rich and helped the poor, and this is his grave under the kurgan in memory of the heroic events at this height not so long ago was associated

only with the great patriotic war in those years, here the nazis created an observation post of the sixth army of the wehrmacht, an important defensive fierce battles took place in these places in the summer of 43 , the germans turned kurgan into an impregnable, stronghold surrounded by bunkers and trenches for several months, units of the red army stormed these fortifications, fighting with elite units. the wehrmacht and the ussr taking the grave was a decisive event in the liberation of donbass in the sixties of the last century. a majestic military memorial was erected here in memory of the fallen soldiers, who in soviet times collected money for the monument on subbotniks

sauromagic could not even imagine. that it will be destroyed in 2014 by artillery fire, the armed forces of independent ukraine about what turns the story around the sauromagyla made in less than a century in the plot of olga mokhova the ancient cossack duma about the three brothers of azov, who fled from turkish captivity, has different variations , but invariably in all the youngest finds its last refuge in saurmogel in this place, which some call heroic, others cursed reality is tightly intertwined and fiction name it is very old. at least on the maps of 1714. our shawarma grave is already marked under its own name at

that time this territory, as it were, was on the lands belonging to the turks, the height of the donetsk kurgan was almost. 280 m for the steppe landscape, the place is literally outstanding from here and there are many legends according to one of them . apparently there was no permanent post here. the fact is that any such hill, which was in the steppe, from which a very good view opened. it was used periodically. and not only by the cossacks in 1936, the government of soviet ukraine declared the sau grave a monument of antiquity and the heroic ukrainian epic under the bulk of the kurgan , a burial of an ancient log culture was discovered. this is the second millennium bc, but truly heroic. this place was in july-august, 43 passed through the kurgan german defensive line. miss front hold this section was fundamental for the germans

. hitler believed that as long as the donbass was under the control of the top in the soviet economy , it could not work for victory in full force . the confrontation came on the night of august 30, forty-three, everything began, yes, a breakdown of literally a handful of 17 intelligence officers, uh, who managed at the right time. at the same time, one must understand that at the moment there was a battle, e, the height was attacked from the front, and there was an artillery duel. and scouts a leaked along one of the slopes and reached it, but in fact, even from the flank cold. german troops from the territory of donbass southern front lost 116,000 people. e total losses and 25,000 irretrievable losses

in 1967, a six-meter pyramid made of local limestone with a red star appeared on the saurmogel immediately after the war. a memorial with a 36-meter obelisk has already been installed here. a few years later, the eternal flame was also lit, and in 2014 fierce battles flared up for the height again from the second half of july of the fourteenth year of the memorial. e, subjected to systematic shelling. am barrel artillery of multiple launch rocket systems from ukraine, plus direct butt-fights, plus k , directly the use of armored vehicles, and also took place. in recent history , owning kurgan already meant control of the border with russia for the donetsk people's republic, it was a matter of survival for such things as dominating heights. they remain, their values ​​\u200b\u200bare not coming from the moment rifled artillery appeared on the battlefield, it remains not coming to

the restoration, destroyed during the battles of the memorial la, if recreated, the obelisk is the figure of a soldier of victory, four pylons dedicated to infantry artillery, pilots and tankers in memory of the events of the fourteenth year on historical reliefs left traces of shelling and fragments of shells, and the restored bowl of the eternal flame was delivered by a flame from the tomb of the unknown soldier in moscow about all defenders of donbass and in all the defenders of the russian land. it is lit, the eternal flame was added to the restored relief of the memorial , three new ones were added, and to the graves of the great patriotic grave of donetsk militias. now it is a place of memory of two wars. if only peace would come sooner and the top of the sauromagila would never again

become the point of coordination of fire mokhova anastasia popova lisavelev, a typical new russia. what we wanted to tell you today was kirill vyshinsky see you soon. maybe buy shares or invest in real estate, or maybe a salute where to start investing thinking about what to invest in? start investing right now in sberbank online. avito for the home very low prices for

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of entrepreneurs. april 13, a memorable date in the military history of russia april 13, 1945, the liberation of vienna by the troops of marshal tolbukhin liberated from the nazi invaders vienna for the liberation of the city 50 military formations of the units received the name viennese, a medal was issued for the capture of a vein on a monument in the capital. austria has the inscriptions of the guards. you, honestly served from life from

the walls. stalingrad in ik. a totalitarian sect came to vienna and the task of gathering

around itself people disillusioned with paganism was registered by the ministry of justice, as the national faith of ukraine, this wooden idol of the god of war perun, was found at one of the bases banned in russia by the organization of the regiment, call here. and what kind of enemy or their own, which is the weakest of their task is to turn the russian population of little russian ukrainians, the so

-called absolute grown. about the main event to this minute in our news release, the russian army has repelled all attacks zelensky formation ukrainian troops have lost another 450 soldiers and officers destroyed 13 armored vehicles, as well as five howitzers and self-propelled guns. in addition, two ammunition depots were blown up and nine rockets were intercepted. hymars, with regard to artyomovsk assault detachments continue to force out the enemy, and the situation is boris maksudov. the tighter the ring around artyomovsk shrinks, the more fiercely the ukrainian militants of the escape routes resist. they practically no longer have it, said the temporary, acting head of the dpr denis