resources we have rivers that are, as it were, interstate, that is, they flow on the territory of our country and on the territory of neighboring states. therefore, if we are dealing with the river, then we must do it in a coordinated manner together with the neighboring state in the discussion program. it also talks about new challenges. what is it about? well, i, for example, have already mentioned the packaging. eh, in the days of my happy childhood, for example, e packaging was extremely small, and we are there for milk. uh, they went for groceries , let's say with their era today. it is clear that this contributes to the promotion of goods and services. we provide full. now the food security of the country is practically, but it is convenient for the consumer to receive the goods in packaged form. and here is the huge volume of, let's say , packaging material that we actually have, and then ends up at our landfills. well, that's the worst case. and in the best

case, we still have to learn how to completely recycle all this so that the environment is affected as little as possible. hmm, this is such a serious challenge. well and no one filmed, after all, the climate agenda. we see how the weather changes, how the climate changes. maybe today we cannot fully resist this, but it is precisely through the efforts of the countries participating in the congress. we must work out that line, which, let's say, will allow us to reduce. e influence, because it affects the whole and our health and our economy, because the materials that today we use in the production of roads in the production of some building structures there. they must already these climatic change is also somehow sustained. we often complain, for example, on the road, but we must understand that in our country the temperature often goes through zero from minuses plus from pluses to minus and this is how it is. our roadway is deteriorating in a natural way, and we are accordingly moving in this direction.

one more point in the agenda of the discussion should move forward - this is the sustainable development of the regions. what will be discussed here here we will talk about what we have uh, all regions now uh involved in the sustainable development agenda. this is extremely important. this is the welfare of our citizens. these are the social aspects. for this, definitely. we have to develop the industry to create new jobs, and we have to find the right balance between environmental requirements. after all, the emergence of new factories of some kind of new production is obvious. it can also affect the environment. we have now adopted a federal clean air project as part of the national ecology project, uh, and it is very capacious. uh, there are hundreds of billions of rubles, we spend on this topic. and it all takes time. in general, on our manufacturers. and er, therefore, it may not be necessary to make any demands, but on the other hand, if the enterprise carries out emissions that affect the state of atmospheric air

in the territory of a particular region , of course. we, firstly, must adjust the accounting of these emissions. we must help enterprises cope with these challenges. e, that is, to establish appropriate new technologies that will allow these emissions to be reduced. alexey petrovich thank you for taking the time to answer our questions. thank you, how to make higher education correlate with the real needs of the state, this topic has recently attracted increased attention . the decree on improving the system of higher education in russia was recently signed by the president, the transition to a three-stage system, consisting of a basic and specialized level, as well as postgraduate studies. so far , six universities will be implemented among the pioneers and st. petersburg mining university, and fundamental differences in the new education system, talk to its rector vladimir litvinenko forms. the university has entered a pilot project, which will change for applicants and students. well, first of all. i would like to draw your attention to the fact that e. timely it was necessary to clearly recognize that

those systems that were fast or the world community around the bologna agreement. they, except for harm, did not give anything to our education. er, the second question i would like to bring to your attention. this is what awaits the applicant this year no uh, there will be no revolutionary changes, everything will happen evolutionarily once a second. it must be clearly understood that there will be no levels in the new system. we have one single system. this is an engineering education for technical training times. and as for the others, so to speak, the directions they are at levels are independent separate sectors that the state will finance and support. first of all, it is the training of highly qualified personnel. this is, so to speak, the training of scientific and pedagogical personnel. this is graduate school. it will be intended for teacher training for our

russian universities, first of all, and second - it must be, uh, a professional teacher. e of today, and not only with pedagogical competencies, but also with scientific competencies at the level of defended dissertations. and, of course, this is a master's degree. this is a completely independent sector of educational services, which the state will provide, for what it is needed. this is especially for those who come abroad. uh, at the bachelor's level, they need to get a master's, a dissertation, a master's write work. this is an additional special program that is required today for certain sectors of the economy, including for scientific progress, so this is a special direction for the training of already very narrowly specialized specialists. and this is considered, as i would call it, as an additional competence , which is necessary, including for admission to graduate school where there is no e level of education, which costs 4 less vladimir

stefanovich why do you think these changes are important and how they will affect the preparation engineering staff? this is very important. the point is that what happened here is considered catastrophic when we signed up and started. i would say not to implement many things in the bolossian system was positive, but we took, uh, it as a carbon copy and everything that was written there, as it was translated. we started using not adapted to the needs of our economy. it's primary she was a great mistake made. and what we did, we are a 5.6-year-old education, according to which we prepared a real professional technical an engineer, relatively speaking, engineering training. yes, i don’t answer, we took it and rolled down to 4 years. this had a negative impact on the level of not specialized training, but on the level of professional competence, because any discipline. it provides lectures, then practical classes. saturns and, so

to speak, training practical exercises at the training grounds, and then there is practice without experience. we cannot issue an educational engineer diploma to an e-specialist if the level of training practice in production corresponded to approximately 8 to 12 months, then when you switch to the bachelor's system , it is the bachelor. he replaced the engineer. it was a disaster and these for 4 years. we actually rolled, so to speak , industrial practice up to 2 months and immediately felt that people after the end of hmm get there can be fundamental knowledge in the field of theoretical knowledge that was given in lectures. they didn't fix them on e on skills. and the more experienced have acquired, so the new system is focused on changing this imbalance should be a single system that will be governed by standards. this is a general educational discipline. she will have a group. yes, from five to

ten percent, so to speak, of academic time, then there will be a general engineering discipline, which is also defined by the standard, but will not be standard for technical universities. and then the direction of training and specialization are already narrow-profile so-called umo management methodological management, which already develops industry standards, but it is very important to understand what is in this system. the main customer, the customer, must restore that main document, according to which earlier in the ussr and in general is being prepared by the leading countries. this is a passport of specialty. this is the document that today, about which few people talk about, is the main document that will determine both the amount of practical skills and the depth of knowledge that graduates require in order for it to be in demand for engineering professions. today, more than ever, the economy of our country is in demand, starting on june 20, the reception companies. in russian universities, almost 40%

of state-funded places are allocated to engineering, technology and technical sciences, by the way, in the future, the distribution of state-funded places in universities will be carried out as close as possible to the start of the admission campaign. well, our correspondent oksana podturkina went to the mining university in st. petersburg and saw how the country's engineering elite is being trained there. from the next academic year, six leading russian universities will begin testing the new system of higher education with participants in a pilot project. chosen by the university of moscow st petersburg. kaliningrad and tomsk, the changes should not affect those who are already studying in them, the emphasis is placed directly on admission to the new program, and it is not by chance that the two years 2023, 24 are affected there . that is, this is the current year of admission, as well as 25-26 admission to the bachelor's and specialist's degree in experimental universities will take basic and basic education, in order to master the program of this level , students will need from 4 to 6 years

of study years, depending on the direction of training, the system is not new , but the system is the old good soviet system, which is finally returning. the reform also provides for the receipt of professional education in graduate school for those young people who associate their future with science and teaching . approval of the relevant federal standards and programs is a little more than a month away. on june 30, these documents should be ready. plus. naturally, the government. hey, they'll give you an option. e, in a two-month deadline for the implementation of this pilot project, where will be more precisely specified and the timing of the implementation and control of these specialties, which will enter the future of technical specialties. it was repeatedly discussed at the site of the mining university with the participation of representatives of industrial enterprises, mines and sciences of the profile committee of the federation council, a great responsibility lies with those universities that are selected as pilots, and we drew attention to the fact that these are mainly universities

of a technical orientation, because it is here today, more than ever, it is necessary to quickly reform the system, so that we can train precisely those specialists of such quality with our state money that would meet the requirements of the modern economy in such complex and dangerous industries as the mining, oil and gas industry, we need ready-made specialists who do not need to be trained to switch to this education is necessary not slowly, because the shortage of personnel in many companies is from 60 to 80%. the key points to focus on are really bringing a person closer to production. now, if he begins to understand the processes of production themselves, not only in his field of activity. he understands how they can be changed, how they can be improved, just such a person is waiting for production in the context of the reform. the island raises another question, how would those students who are now taught to pick after a while to be worthy competitors in the labor market, it remains only to go, as it were,

to close the master's program. here is this gap in the difference of knowledge. what are we going to do in our benefit. there are a few more years in which we will be able not only to unlearn a master’s degree, if we don’t need it, we will also be able to gain experience, and in real conditions at mining enterprises , the university is ready for changes in technical equipment. this is one of the best universities that provides students with the basics of industrial practice, for example, future engineers can independently start or shut off a virtual oil well or operate complex equipment for 1,000 km at a quarry in belarus from this operator console. and you can connect online to equipment such as e, a mining dump truck e, or a front loader. yes, pronounce it. uh, a number of operations in this cab of a mining truck, students practice driving skills, the cab is standing still. an economic platform that simulates the movement of a car in a quarry, taking into account all the features of the road

, there are six large research centers based on buza. in one of them, import-substituting technologies are being developed, including for the production needle coke without which steel production is impossible. now russia is importing this indispensable material, but in the coming years it will use its own batch, which we produced at the needle rate and tested at the enterprise, novocherkassk l-6. e this year at the beginning of the year, which means, er, the result that we got. eh, our material is comparable to the best japanese analogues. this year the university is celebrating a big date of 250 years since its founding. it was founded by decree of catherine ii and became the first technical university in russia oksana under turkina. natalia kalysheva and nikita vasilyev senate program in russia the demand for engineering professions will only grow. this is due to the development of high-tech sectors of the economy, physical. chemists, programmers, technologists and robotics, it is people of these professions who are gradually changing our world one

of the most popular areas for creating unmanned aerial systems hello, and now the development of unmanned aircraft in russia, uh, one of the most discussed topics, what, in your opinion, are the main difficulties in this direction now due to the current geopolitical situation, the unprecedented sanctions imposed against russia, issues such as security and import substitution have come to the fore . personnel. certification. the integration of drones, airspace infrastructure for them disrupted supply chains. technology transfer stopped, here we see support government, which is provided as a financial service in the form of grants, subsidies and tax incentives, it is also very important that the government generates demand for the state

order. and here we see figures until 2026, the government is ready to allocate 100 billion rubles. and until 2030, 200 billion rubles. which, of course, will push the development industry to another important direction - this is legal regulation. here i see effective work, e experimental legal regimes and positive aspects. hey, they're working now. two experimental legal regimes. these are the republic of bashkortostan and in rudnev park in moscow the experimental legal regime works in three directions. this is the choice of participants this place, this term is usually 3 years. as a result, what we need to look at and see what are the consequences of making changes in order for the law to work for all manufacturers is important. it is very important that those drones are the technical characteristics that will be new used in this

process. they were then further scaled up. what other positive aspects can now be noted in the field of development of unmanned aviation in russia. here , the following areas of non-corporeal aviation can be noted . it works in three of these most promising areas. this remote sensing of the earth is sensing linear objects and capital construction projects. it is very actively used. uh, such companies as gazprom e, transneft can still be distinguished by the fact that capital construction projects in the first place, of course, moscow succeeded in this and, uh, a large number of capital buildings, uh, are monitored precisely by unmanned aerial vehicles. i would also note unmanned logistics here. it is important here that drones will deliver food, medicine, and medicine to hard-to-reach places. another big area that shows constant annual growth is

the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in agricultural purposes. the biggest problem is personnel. here it is important to completely transform the entire education system and additionally both secondary and higher education so that the cadres that were included graduated from our universities could work, both in terms of r&d and design and operation. and, of course , the maintenance of unmanned aerial vehicles. another very important area is the creation of infrastructure. for all this, probably, the unmanned aviation industry is comparable to the space industry, because a large number of new technologies are also used there. we see that the drone industry is progressing every year and showing very large growth even more than many sectors of our economy. i would like to dwell on the use of means of protection against the illegal use of drones. and this is

definitely true now. what are the problems in this direction, and how they will be solved today ? unfortunately, this is not enough, because we have a large number of critical information infrastructure objects that require additional protection. they are now they do it all on their own with their own means, but, unfortunately, this is not enough for the state to designate or recommend this or that object of critical information infrastructure so that they are protected by departmental protection. another very important question. i think it's integration. pilots, the general airspace here is a strategy that has been developed. it is calculated until 2036. and today the first stage is already being successfully carried out, where should accounting and registration of drones take place, an important component of this entire process

will be the creation of a digital platform that will carry information about flights. ah, monitoring. uh, then it will all be combined with generalization on one platform, which will also have to fulfill a very important state task. it must accumulate all these digital ones in itself. uh, digital history services for drones and then share with other industries and with other structures. another proposal under discussion is the use of mobile communications to control drones. air means, what do you think about it? indeed, this industry is actively developing and new directions are emerging as well. now the issue of using cellular communications in relation to unmanned aerial vehicles is being discussed. i think there are both pros and cons. pluses - this is more coverage of the territory due to the fact that there is cellular communication in many hard-to-reach places. of the minuses , this is what experts say, that

drones will not work or will work very poorly at an altitude of 200-300 m, as it is absent or very weak. cellular. i would single out one more direction. this is the use of satellite communications, which i also consider very promising even today in an experimental legal regime. this is being tested. i am sure that soon there will be drones that also work on cellular communications, as well as glonass satellite communications, our unmanned aerial vehicles gennadievich will also assist . thank you next week, senators will discuss digitalization of legal proceedings with using the electronic case mechanism. consider the experience of the regions in terms of the effectiveness of the mechanism of the social contract; touch on the topic of improving legislation on fisheries and conserve water resources; take part in the tenth anniversary nevsky international environmental congress in st. petersburg. see you next week on the senate program. through

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the collective west continues to attack spiritual values ​​and our culture is trying to drive a wedge into the brotherhood of nations, but it is precisely the diversity of russia that makes it stronger than the words of vladimir putin at a meeting of the council on interethnic relations, which was also devoted to the participants in the special operation, and the statements made are more detailed by anastasia efimova all victorious forces of multinationality and multi-confessionalism of russia and in the face of external threats, strength - this is only getting stronger , the president recalled this. today, opening the meeting of the council for interethnic relations. as the head of state recalled , national policy strategies have been in place for more than ten years, but in modern conditions it needs to be updated, it was decided that russia's multinationality is its weak spots. and they are doing everything to separate us from the challenges we faced .